Bad Liebenzell

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 46 '  N , 8 ° 44'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Karlsruhe
County :	Calw
Height :	320 m above sea level NHN
Area :	33.8 km 2
Residents:	9573 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	283 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	75378
Primaries :	07052, 07084
License plate :	CW
Community key :	08 2 35 008
City structure:	7 districts
City administration address :	Kurhausdamm 2–4 75378 Bad Liebenzell
Website :	www.bad-liebenzell.de
Mayor :	Dietmar Fischer ( CDU )
Location of the city of Bad Liebenzell in the Calw district

Bad Liebenzell is a spa town in the northern Black Forest . It is located in the Calw district , around 20 kilometers south of Pforzheim . It belongs to the Northern Black Forest region and the edge zone of the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .

geography

Geographical location

The central Bad Liebenzell is located west of the center of Baden-Württemberg in the Nagold Valley . The urban area has an altitude of 310 (Monbachtal) to 687 meters (district Maisenbach-Zainen), extends about 5.5 km along the south-north axis of the Nagoldtal and across it over the Black Forest heights for about 13 km. It is entirely located in the Black Forest Middle / North Nature Park .

Liebenzell 1899

Neighboring communities

In turn, the areas of the following neighboring municipalities are adjacent:

• in the northwest the community of Schömberg
• in the northeast the community of Neuhausen im Enzkreis
• in the east the city of Weil der Stadt in the district of Böblingen
• in the southeast the municipality of Simmozheim , then twice, interrupted by a Simmozheim forest exclave, the municipality of Althengstett
• in the south the district town of Calw
• and in the southwest the municipality of Oberreichenbach .

Municipalities for which no district was named are, like Bad Liebenzell itself, in the Calw district.

City structure

The former communities Möttlingen , Beinberg, Maisenbach, Monakam , Unterhaugstett and Unterlengenhardt belong to the city of Bad Liebenzell .

• The town of Bad Liebenzell in the 1970s includes the town of Monbachtal and Maisenbacher Sägemühle.
• The village of Beinberg belongs to Beinberg.
• Maisenbach includes the village of Maisenbach and the Zainen settlement.
• The village of Monakam belongs to Monakam.
• The Möttlingen settlement and the Georgenau homestead belong to Möttlingen.
• The village of Unterhaugstett belongs to Unterhaugstett.
• The village of Unterlengenhardt belongs to Unterlengenhardt.

The former municipalities are localities within the meaning of the Baden-Württemberg municipal code, each with its own local council and mayor as its chairman.

history

middle Ages

In 1091 - as can be seen from the Hirsauer Codex - Noble Hugo von Ostelsheim gave Hirsau a “Hube Land zu Chele”. This was the first written mention of Liebenzell. Around 1130, Countess Uta , a daughter of Count Palatine Gottfried von Calw , received, among other things, “cell and associated forest” as a dowry. From 1196 the castle and town of Liebenzell were owned by the Count von Eberstein . The last knight of Liebenzell, Ludwig, sold his property to the German Order in 1272 and joined them.

Baden time

Just a few years later, the Baden period, which lasted until 1603, began with the sale of the castle and town to Margrave Rudolf I of Baden . Liebenzell appears as a city for the first time in 1384 . The Zeller Bad was closely associated with the town of Liebenzell for almost 600 years. The "Lower Bath" was mentioned for the first time as early as 1403. The “Obere Bad”, built a few years later, was initially called “new Wildbad zu Liebenzell”. In 1603, Margrave Ernst Friedrich von Baden-Durlach sold the town and office of Liebenzell to Duke Friedrich von Württemberg . Since then, Liebenzell has been part of the Duchy of Württemberg .

Württemberg time

At the beginning of the 18th century, Hereditary Prince Ludwig Friedrich von Württemberg had an avenue of lime trees built; In 1727 a pleasure house with a magnificent Kursaal was built on this avenue. After the great fire of 1785, the city was rebuilt in a modified form by Johann Adam Groß .

The Liebenzell Office was dissolved after the Kingdom of Württemberg was founded and in 1807 it was subordinated to the Calw Office . In 1810 Liebenzell came to the Oberamt Neuenbürg and again in 1842 to the Oberamt Calw. In 1900 the municipal council decided to build health resorts. On the occasion of the 300-year membership in Württemberg, she invited King Wilhelm II to a big festival in 1904 , who actually came. In 1926 the addition of “bath” to the name was approved, which honored the city's strong development into a medicinal bath and health resort. In 1928 the filling of the "Liebenzeller Sprudel" started and in 1933 the outdoor pool was inaugurated.

During the district reform in Württemberg during the Nazi era , Bad Liebenzell became part of the Calw district in 1938.

post war period

After the Second World War, Bad Liebenzell fell into the French occupation zone and thus came to the newly established state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern in 1947 . In 1952, the provisional post-war state was added to the administrative district of Südwürttemberg-Hohenzollern and has since been part of the new federal state of Baden-Württemberg.

In 1954 the new Kurhaus was opened and the Paracelsus Therme opened in 1968, which was energetically refurbished and renovated in 2011 and 2012. The role as a local recreation area for the greater Stuttgart and Böblingen area has become increasingly important .

Starting in 1971, the six high-altitude districts today were incorporated on a voluntary basis as part of the administrative reform: On January 1, 1971, the previously independent communities of Beinberg, Monakam, Unterhaugstett and Unterlengenhardt; Möttlingen followed on January 1, 1972, and Maisenbach on July 1, 1974.

With the district reform on January 1, 1973 , the district of Calw reached its present size. The district also became part of the newly founded Northern Black Forest region , which was assigned to the then newly circumscribed administrative district of Karlsruhe . Since then, the affairs of Bad Liebenzell have also been taken from Karlsruhe.

Development of the population

year Residents¹ 1871 3302 1880 2907 1890 2767 1900 2928 1910 3262 1925 3808 1933 3688 1939 3456

year Residents¹ 1950 4404 1961 5021 1970 5806 1975 5945 1980 6277 1985 6845 1990 8087 1995 9049

year Residents¹ 2000 9483 2005 9526 2010 9313 2015 9298 2016 9249 2017 9389 2018 9573

¹ according to information from the Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office ; census results up to 1961, updates from 1970 (always as of December 31); today's territorial status.

politics

Municipal council

The local elections on May 25, 2014 resulted in the following distribution of the 24 seats (+ 2):

Party / list	be right	proportion of	Seats
CDU	17,693	37.5%	9 (- 3)
SPD	10.130	20.9%	5 (± 0)
Open list	14,134	29.2%	7 (+ 2)
THE List & Greens	6,417	12.5%	3 (+ 3)

The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following distribution of the 18 seats (- 6):

Party / list	be right	proportion of	Seats
CDU	25,153	36.8%	7 (- 2)
SPD	0	0.0%	0 (- 5)
Open list	32,082	47.0%	8 (+ 1)
Green	11,034	16.2%	3 (± 0)

mayor

After 24 years of service, Volker Bäuerle stopped working in 2013. In October 2013 Dietmar Fischer was elected the new mayor with 63.2% of the votes in the first ballot.

List of town schools and mayors

• 1850–1854: Adolf Kratz
• 1854–1889: Karl Christoph Rau
• 1889–1895: Carl August Wilhelm Schneider
• 1895–1897: Johann Karl Kinzler
• 1897–1933: Hugo Mäulen
• 1933–1945: Gottlob W. Klepser

• 1946–1973: Gottlob W. Klepser
• 1974–1989: Helmut K. Schiek
• 1990–2013: Volker Bäuerle
• 2013– 0000: Dietmar Fischer

badges and flags

In blue under a lying black stag pole in a silver tent, on a floor paved with black and gold, a golden bathtub in which a seated man can be seen. The Bad Liebenzell city colors are blue and white.

Coats of arms of the districts

• 

  Beinberg

• 

  Monakam

• 

  Unterhaugstett

• 

  Unterlengenhardt

• 

  Möttlingen

• 

  Maisenbach-Zainen

Partnerships

A partnership with Villaines-la-Juhel in the French region of Pays de la Loire has existed since 1992 .

In 2019, Bad Liebenzell also entered into a partnership with the small Portuguese town of Lourinhã .

Economy and Infrastructure

View over the city from Liebenzell Castle

Since 1990, more than 100 million euros have been invested in the six high-altitude districts, which were incorporated into the municipality around 1971, and in the old town to improve the infrastructure and promote tourism. In addition to the construction of schools, kindergartens, village centers and multi-purpose buildings, the old city ​​wall and the renaturation of the Lengenbach were also carried out. Pedestrian zones and new shops were added to the development of the former spa gardening site with senior citizens' apartments .

traffic

Bad Liebenzell is connected to the national route network by the Nagold Valley Railway (Pforzheim- Horb am Neckar ). Trains to Pforzheim and Horb run every 30/60 minutes.

Educational institutions

The Reuchlin Schools in Bad Liebenzell each have a primary , secondary , secondary and special school . There is also a primary school in each of the districts of Möttlingen and Unterhaugstett. The International University of Liebenzell (IHL) began studying on September 1, 2011, and the IHL was inaugurated on July 22, 2011.

Culture and sights

Religions

The Protestant parishes of Bad Liebenzell, Monakam-Unterhaugstett, Möttlingen and the Petruskirchengemeinde Beinberg, Maisenbach-Zainen and Unterlengenhardt work in the area of ​​the Bad Liebenzell municipality.

The Catholic Church of St. Lioba at Kirchstrasse 5 is part of the Calw-Bad Liebenzell pastoral care unit .

The city is the seat of the worldwide operating Evangelical Liebenzeller Mission and the office of the Liebenzeller Community Association .

Buildings

• 

  Liebenzell Castle

• 

  Church of St. Blaise

• 

  Mission house

• 

  Schlayerburg

• 

  St. Lioba Church

• 

  Stepping stone bridge in the NSG Monbach

• The Liebenzell Castle from the 13th century is the most imposing building in Bad Liebenzell

• Protestant churches
  • A church stood on the site of the town church of St. Blaise as early as the 12th century. The tower was demolished in 1653 and rebuilt in its current form. The sundial on the south wall dates from 1778. From 1891 to 1893 the nave was built in a neo-Gothic style by senior building officer Karl von Sauter and decorated with ornamental and figurative glass painting by the Munich court glass painting Gustav van Treeck (eastern choir window: crucifixion group).
  • The Beinberg Peace Church was built in 1959. The glass artist Anna-Dorothea Kunz-Saile created the lead-glazed colored windows in 1964/65 (entrance area: parable of the prodigal son, choir: the risen man appears to his disciples).
  • The Christ Church Maisenbach was built in 1967 and equipped with colored lead glazing by the Stuttgart glass artist Wolf-Dieter Kohler .
  • A branch church dedicated to the Holy Cross is mentioned in Monakam as early as 1477. The current church was rebuilt in 1802. The winged altar of the previous church from 1497 was taken over. In 2018 the well-known glass artist Johannes Schreiter created two windows with the themes of Resurrection and Pentecost.
  • The Blumhardtkirche Möttlingen has a nave from 1746 on the Romanesque tower. The stained glass windows were created in 1957 by the Stuttgart glass artist Adolf Valentin Saile .
  • In 1966 the Christ Church Unterhaugstett was built by the Stuttgart architects Klaus Ehrlich and Walter Eppler using exposed concrete. The Stuttgart glass artist Wolf-Dieter Kohler designed the window cross in the altar wall (Christ the ruler of the world with evangelist symbols and six scenes on the 2nd Article of Faith) and the northern and southern side glazing, non-representational in completely different shades. The Unterhaugstetter artist Karl-Heinz Franke (1916–2006) donated the stainless steel object Tree of Knowledge on the Kirchwiese in 2004 , the Tübingen artist Johannes Kares painted seven cross cycle pictures in 2007 for the community rooms created in 1997.
  • A community center was established in Unterlengenhardt in 1984.
• Health and relaxation have a long tradition in Bad Liebenzell. The place offers a pharmacist's garden, which is intended to draw the guests' attention to the great importance of local medicinal herbs during hikes and walks.
• Around 2 km north of the city is the Monaturm - a cell phone tower at the geographical position of 48 ° 47 '18 "  N , 8 ° 44' 9"  E
• There are two remarkable buildings on the mountain of the Liebenzell Mission:
  • the mission house , a beautiful half-timbered house built between 1905 and 1907 in the shape of a cross ; a small chapel is hidden in the house .
  • the Schlayerburg , so-called by the Liebenzell people , a country estate built between 1886 and 1888 in the romantic Lichtenstein style of Mathilde von Schlayer, the daughter of the Württemberg State and Finance Minister Johannes von Schlayer. In 1891 the deaconess institute in Stuttgart took over the little palace and its debts and used it as a rest home for the Stuttgart deaconesses under the direction of Sister Lina Stahl (February 12, 1842 - November 17, 1924). Mathilde von Schlayer retained the right of residence in it until her death in 1896. In 1910, Lieutenant General Heinrich von Diest and his wife Hilda bought the property and moved there in 1918 when he retired. Today it is the residence of the von Mengersen family.

• The building built by Bihl & Woltz , completed in 1912 and used as a deaconess rest home until 1986 - at the corner of Im Blumenstiel / Paracelsusweg - with high hip roofs . During the Second World War it served as a military hospital. Since the renovation in 2013, the five floors have been used as living space. In 2014, the complex with the Park Villa received the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Prize .
• The EnBW's 110 kV Merklingen – Calmbach overhead line crosses the Nagold Valley near Bad Liebenzell with a span of 941 meters. The conductor cables reach a maximum height of 210 meters above ground.

and display information about the image

Panorama of the Kurhaus

Paracelsus thermal baths

Next to the spa park is the Paracelsus-Therme, a thermal bath inaugurated in 1969 as the "Paracelsusbad" with a total water surface of 620  m² . Connected to the bathroom is the Pinea sauna , where you can take a sauna at temperatures between 60  ° C and 100 ° C. The thermal bath consists of an exercise pool with a water temperature of approx. 30 ° C. There is also a medium-sized whirlpool with a water temperature of 34 ° C. The outdoor pool has a lazy river, bubble loungers, another whirlpool, massage stations and a waterfall shower. The physical therapy department of the Paracelsus Therme spa, massage, hot air treatments , lymphatic drainage , foot reflexology , mud treatments , baths and physiotherapy .

On January 10, 2011, a renovation began, which was planned for November 2010, but was postponed due to the large number of visitors. Initially, only a renovation was planned in order to renew energy-related details, but extensive changes were also made to the changing rooms and the exterior facade. In addition, an experience shower was installed, new lying areas were also shown on the roof and a brine inhalation system was installed. The work was completed in summer 2012.

Spa gardens

In the spa gardens

A planetary nature trail and a pharmacy garden have been created in the spa gardens . The spa park is colorfully illuminated by adventure lighting at night.

In the southern area of ​​the park in the direction of the river to the left of the Nagold is the stone described, with which the government councilor Carl Friedrich Feuerlein from Stuttgart had a permanent monument erected in 1800.

Giant Erkinger sculpture

For the first time in 1938 a wooden figure of the giant Erkinger was designed by the wood sculptor Fritz Roller and placed on the giant fountain at the corner of Karlstrasse / Hindenburgstrasse. Dismantled there in 1954, it only found a new place in the entrance area of ​​the community center in 2010. A four-meter-high and five-tonne giant made of sandstone - modeled on this wooden figure - found a place on the city lake in 2013 with a view of its ancestral home, the castle.

Every year on the first weekend in May, the Riese-Erkinger Festival takes place, for the first time in 2015.

Other cultural monuments

Monacam Altar

• The Protestant church in the Monakam district houses a late Gothic altar shrine, the Monakam Altar from 1497.
• Bad Liebenzell is located on the Ostweg , a long-distance hiking trail from Pforzheim to Schaffhausen , which leads past many sights.
• The district of Beinberg is considered to be one of the best preserved Waldhufendörfer . This type of settlement is explained by the “Waldhufendorf” theme trail, which was opened in 2008 and is suitable for walkers, hikers and the blind and also explains to children in an entertaining way how the settlers reclaimed the land.

regional customs

The Calw Palm Ride takes place on Palm Sunday at Hofgut Georgenau near Möttlingen , a rider procession led by a donkey, which ends with an evangelical church service in the countryside.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Christoph Blumhardt (born June 1, 1842 in Möttlingen; † August 2, 1919 in Jebenhausen ), theologian and politician ( SPD ), Member of the State Parliament ( Württemberg )
• Friedrich Stanger (born February 5, 1855 in Möttlingen; † March 13, 1934 there), Pietist and healer
• Bernhard Buttersack (born March 16, 1858 in Liebenzell; † May 6, 1925 in Icking in the Isar valley), painter
• Theodor von Heigelin (born April 6, 1876 in Liebenzell; † January 15, 1930), major in the Imperial Protection Force for Cameroon
• Peter Freudenthaler and Volker Hinkel founded the pop band Fools Garden in Möttlingen in 1991 .

Citizen

• In the suburb of Möttlingen, the Protestant theologian and pastor Johann Christoph Blumhardt (1805–1880; father of Christoph Blumhardt, see above) worked from 1838 to 1852 , whose prayer healings caused a sensation throughout Germany. Blumhardt later founded the pastoral care center in Bad Boll . He was friends with Eduard Mörike and was in contact with numerous writers of his time.
• The Alsatian writer Marie Hart (1856–1924) spent the last years of her life in Bad Liebenzell.
• Heinrich Coerper (1863–1936) is the founder of the Liebenzeller Mission. One of the two Liebenzell springs was named after him in 2006.
• Max Ackermann (1887–1975) is considered a pioneer of abstract painting.
• Peter Weidenbach (* 1934) headed the Bad Liebenzell Forestry Office from 1971 to 1977.
• Ines Veith (* 1955) is the initiator of the Sophi-Park Bad Liebenzell, which opened in 2017.

Personalities who worked on site

• After the city fire of June 24, 1785 in Liebenzell, Johann Adam Groß the Younger (1728–1794) worked as an urban planner from July 23, 1785 in Liebenzell.
• Walther Bühler (1913–1995), a German doctor, author and lecturer. He was the founder of a nationwide grassroots movement for anthroposophical medicine (Association for an extended medical malpractice eV - Today Health Active - anthroposophic medicine eV) and the Paracelsus Hospital Unterlengenhardt .
• Saskia Esken (* 1961) was chairwoman of the SPD local association Bad Liebenzell from 2008 to 2015.

Others

The Dutch composer Jan Brandts-Buys and his two librettists Bruno Warden and Ignaz Michael Welleminsky chose the city of Bad Liebenzell as the setting for their opera Die Schneider von Schönau, which premiered in 1916 .

literature

• Joseph Stöckle : Sketches and pictures from Liebenzell . With a portrait photo of Joseph Stöckle (1844–1893) post festum ed. by Georg Bujard. Verlag Georg Bujard, Pforzheim 1906 (with seven views of Liebenzell and the poem Liebenzell by Stöckle)
• Friedrich Zeeb: Bad Liebenzell - 900 years of church history , Verlag Bernhard Gengenbach, Bad Liebenzell 1991, ISBN 978-3-921841-42-6 .

Web links

Commons : Bad Liebenzell  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Liebenzell  - in the description of the Oberamt Calw from 1860

Wikisource: Topographia Sueviae: Liebenzell  - Sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Bad Liebenzell  - travel guide

• Bad Liebenzell in the Stadtwiki Karlsruhe
• Bad Liebenzell in the GOV genealogical directory
• Official website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Biographical information on Dietmar Fischer at marjorie-wiki.de.
3. ↑ Houses Monbachtal since 1936 , genealogy.net
4. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Vol. 5. Karlsruhe district. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, pp. 482-485, ISBN 3-17-002542-2
5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 488 and 526 .
6. ↑ 2014 local elections ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
7. ↑ Local elections 2019
8. ↑ Bad Liebenzell: Dietmar Fischer new mayor , schwarzwaelder-bote.de, article from October 21, 2013.
9. ↑ Partnership with Lourinhã is sealed , article from May 24, 2019 in the regional newspaper Schwarzwälder Bote , accessed on July 20, 2019
10. ↑ Mayor plants ball trumpet tree for the new university - IHL starts teaching in September , liebezell.org, message from August 11, 2011
11. ↑ Bad Liebenzell is a university location, schwarzwaelder-bote.de. News from July 27, 2011
12. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community Bad Liebenzell
13. ↑ Website of the Evangelical Church Congregation Monakam-Unterhaugstett
14. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community in Möttlingen
15. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community of Beinberg, Maisenbach-Zainen, Unterlengenhardt
16. ^ Karl Sutor: 50 years of Christ Church Unterhaugstett; Bad Liebenzell 2016 - available as a PDF at [1] , last accessed on May 2, 2020
17. ↑ Bad Liebenzell: Tour through Kurstadt , schwarzwaelder-bote.de, article from February 26, 2014.
18. ↑ Time travel to Bad Liebenzell in the 19th century , bad-liebenzell.de, Stadtbote from 23 September 2011.
19. ↑ Karl Kalmbach : With God from person to person. From the history of the Liebenzeller Mission , 1999, pp. 24–28.
20. ↑ Information on Schlayerburg , schwarzwaelder-bote.de, article from June 25, 2013.
21. ↑ Winner of the Baden-Württemberg Monument Protection Prize 2014: Former deaconess home in Bad Liebenzell , schwaebischer-heimatbund.de
22. ↑ Thermal baths: Paracelsus Therme ( Memento from January 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
23. ↑ Paracelsus-Therme Bad Liebenzell (thermal bath) ( Memento from February 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
24. ↑ Paracelsus-Therme in Bad Liebenzell is being modernized ( Memento from February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
25. ↑ Paracelsus thermal baths in Bad Liebenzell reopened. In: destinet.de. July 6, 2012, accessed October 2, 2012 . 
26. ↑ Albert M. Kraushaar: A giant watches over the city lake , schwarzwaelder-bote.de, article from November 25, 2013.
27. ↑ Bad Liebenzell has one more attraction , bad-liebenzell.de, Stadtbote No. 48 of November 29, 2013, p. 7.
28. ↑ Wolfgang Krokauer: Riese Erkinger gets festival dedicated , schwarzwaelder-bote.de, article from April 17, 2015.
29. ↑ Ralf Bernd Herden: Red Rooster and Red Cross. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2005, ISBN 3-8334-2620-9 City fire of June 24, 1785 in Liebenzell, p. 82, digitized .