Knappenhalde

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The Knappenhalde in Oberhausen (2015)
Lookout tower on the Knappenhalde (2012)

The Knappenhalde (in the vernacular Schlacke (n) berg or jokingly Monte Schlacko ) is a tapered mountain dump in Oberhausen . At 102  m above sea level NHN and 55 meters above the surrounding terrain, it is the highest point in the city.

history

The dump is located with an area of ​​around eight hectares on the site of the former agricultural Schliepershof, which was north of the Cologne-Mindener Railway , which went into operation in 1847 . Count Ludolf von Westerholt-Giesenberg had the possession Schlieper 1773 to the then Abbess of Essen Abbey , Franziska Christine von Pfalz-Sulzbach sold to fund an orphanage. With the transfer of the Essen Abbey to Prussia (1802/1803), the secularization , the lands became Prussian property. In 1808 the land came to the brothers Franz and Gerhard Haniel , Heinrich Arnold Huyssen and Gottlob Jacobi , who founded the previous company of the neighboring Gutehoffnungshütte .

With the start of coal mining at the adjacent Oberhausen colliery in 1857, the pile began to be filled with overburden . The later neighboring, eponymous Knappenviertel was built in 1870 and 1892 for the working families of the Gutehoffnungshütte. After the temporary, partially private ownership of Mayor Ludwig Stock of Borbeck's mayor's office , the area became the property of the neighboring steel group Gutehoffnungshütte, which used it to pour blast furnace slag after the Oberhausen colliery was closed in 1931 (hence the names Schlackeberg and Monte Schlacko ).

In 1943/44 an approximately 500 meter long tunnel system was driven into the base of the dump as an air raid shelter with four entrances. After the Second World War , around one million cubic meters of rubble were collected from around 10,000 houses in Oberhausen that had been destroyed in the war.

Between 1950 and the beginning of the 1960s, the dump was planted with a total of 200,000 willow saplings and 50,000 young trees by school children, apprentices and prisoners. Then the city of Oberhausen acquired the dump from the Thyssen group .

Due to the nutrient-poor soil and the consequences of the Whitsun Storm ELA 2014, the vegetation of the heap was reforested in 2016 so that the root system continues to protect the structure of the heap. So the planting followed with a thousand young alders , robinia and mountain maples as well as 165 elder , hawthorn and hazelnut bushes . The dump forest is reforested about every five to 10 years.

Current condition

Today the dump is used for leisure and recreation. From 1980 it was prepared for recreational use by cutting forest aisles and creating paths. A 15 meter high observation tower made of galvanized steel was built on the top of the Haldenspitze . In the course of improving the living environment, some works of art were created on and around the heap:

  • Iron-making industry by Ernst Baumeister and Adolf Franken (1990), multi-part iron sculpture lying on the floor at the northern foot of the heap
  • View by Kuno Lange from Mülheim an der Ruhr (1993), steel sculpture at the western foot of the heap, four meters high, six meters wide
  • Industrial temple by Hannes Forster (1994), neo-Gothic brick houses on the pillars of the former Lorenbahn are reminiscent of tombs, according to Forster, because people's work is also buried in them
  • Berg der Arbeit by Werner Philipp Klunk (1994), 16 paving stone sculptures on the hiking trail around the heap

  • Industrial temple by Hannes Forster

  • Cobblestone sculptures on the hiking trail around the heap

  • Iron making industry (1)

  • Iron making industry (2)

  • Perspective from Kuno Lange

The Knappenhalde is part of the Route of Industrial Culture .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Astrid Knümann: Knappenhalde in Oberhausen is being reforested . ( waz.de [accessed on February 5, 2018]).
  2. ↑ 3000 young trees for the Knappenhalde . ( waz.de [accessed June 14, 2020]).
  3. ↑ Kuno Lange: Perspective ; accessed on June 14, 2020

Web links

Commons : Knappenhalde  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 57 "  N , 6 ° 52 ′ 43"  E