Diespeck

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Diespeck
Diespeck
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Diespeck highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 36 '  N , 10 ° 38'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim
Management Community : Diespeck
Height : 301 m above sea level NHN
Area : 20.99 km 2
Residents: 3812 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 182 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91456
Area code : 09161
License plate : NEA, SEF, UFF
Community key : 09 5 75 118
Community structure: 12 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration:
Rathausplatz 1
91456 Diespeck
Website : www.diespeck.de
First Mayor : Christian von Dobschütz (CSU)
Location of the community of Diespeck in the district of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim
Landkreis Kitzingen Landkreis Würzburg Landkreis Fürth Landkreis Ansbach Landkreis Erlangen-Höchstadt Landkreis Bamberg Gerhardshofen Bad Windsheim Baudenbach Burgbernheim Burghaslach Dachsbach Diespeck Dietersheim Emskirchen Ergersheim (Mittelfranken) Gallmersgarten Gollhofen Gutenstetten Hagenbüchach Hemmersheim Illesheim Ippesheim Ipsheim Langenfeld (Mittelfranken) Marktbergel Markt Erlbach Markt Nordheim Markt Taschendorf Münchsteinach Neuhof an der Zenn Neustadt an der Aisch Oberickelsheim Obernzenn Osing (Freimarkung) Simmershofen Sugenheim Trautskirchen Uehlfeld Uffenheim Weigenheim Wilhelmsdorf (Mittelfranken) Scheinfeld Oberscheinfeldmap
About this picture
Church in Diespeck from the west

Diespeck is a municipality in the Middle Franconian district of Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim . The place is the seat of the administrative community Diespeck .

geography

The community is located in the valley of the Aisch , in the natural area of ​​the Steigerwald and the Frankenhöhe . The Aisch flows past on the western edge of the village, and in the north the Ehebach flows into the Aisch from the west . Neustadt an der Aisch is immediately south.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting from the north clockwise): Münchsteinach , Gutenstetten , Gerhardshofen , Emskirchen , Neustadt an der Aisch and Baudenbach .

Community structure

There are twelve officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

history

Until the 18th century

In a deed of foundation from 1170, the Lords of Dihespecke are mentioned as witnesses to the new empires of the Zell monastery. This is also the first documentary mention of the place, which was owned by the Lords of Truhendingen at the time and who later handed the village over to the Nuremberg burgraves . The place name, which is often distorted in old documents (such as “Dyespeck” or “Diesteck”) is derived from an identical field name, the basic word of which is the Middle High German word “ specke ” (= Specke: Knüppelweg or Knüppeldamm over wet terrain) and whose defining word is possibly the adjective "dîche" (= thick). In fact, Diespeck was on the swampy lowlands of the Aisch Valley, which one of the most important old roads crossed at this point . The valley had to be overcome by a fortified stick dam .

The noble family of the Stiebar (also documented in 1541, 1574 and 1617) and that of the Schenkenstein taverns in Diespeck are documented for 1486 . There was also a knightly castle in Diespeck, but it was burned down in the Margrave Wars (as early as 1449) and Peasant Wars (around 1525, when the village was the residence of the Durlach family) and was not rebuilt. As part of the fires set by the Nuremberg team during the feuds of Albrecht Achilles in 1448, an early mass chapel at the western end of the village was also destroyed down to its foundation walls. The baptismal font of the parish comes from the oldest church in Diespeck, which was destroyed in the disputes of the 15th century, the new church itself was built in 1465, attached to the Neustadt chapter in 1578 and rebuilt after the destruction in 1752, with two stones from the Year 1465 were built into the walls. In 1490 the parish was represented by the Franciscans in Riedfeld . The church was surrounded by a late medieval fortification with defensive towers at the four corners. The cemetery, which is also strongly fortified with the church, still had a wall and two towers as well as a gate secured by a tower even after the wars and destruction of the 14th to 17th centuries.

During the introduction of the Reformation , Johannes Himmler and Friedrich Tropp served as pastors from 1519 to 1533.

During the Thirty Years War Diespeck was looted and burned down several times and the population decimated by disease and pestilence. In 1632, Croats and Swedes were feared by their attacks on Diespeck and the Diespecker. In 1633 there were practically no residents and of 115 independent households in 1618 there were only seven left in 1641, whose (mostly to Neustadt) surviving family members who had fled and who had survived returned to Diespeck by 1650. The settlement of Protestant religious expellees from Austria, who made a significant contribution to the reconstruction of their new homeland, therefore represented a significant gain. The parish was looked after from 1633 to 1651 by the pastor and “hero in the church skirt” Veit vom Berg (1612–1675) from Baudenbach and then - until Diespeck's own pastor Würfel took up his office - by the Stübach pastor. After 1650, the town was rebuilt. In 1660, a bathing room operated by the schoolmaster and sacristan was available again and the restoration of the church, made possible by donations, led in 1681 to the erection of a baroque altar on the old base and subsequently to the construction of a new pulpit.

From 1688 to 1692 the pietistic pastor Astmann worked in Diespeck before he went to Bayreuth and later to Berlin to the Nikolaikirche, where he died in 1699 (Dean Spener gave the funeral speech ). His successor in Diespeck was his brother Georg Ludwig Astmann.

In 1773 many exiles from Salzburg remained , for example the Scheuchenstül family from the “Ländlein ob der Enns ” (after which the Ensners are also named, in Diespeck.) Many Jews expelled from Nuremberg had already settled there. A Jewish school is documented for 1669.

At the end of the 18th century there were 45 properties in Diespeck. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Bayreuth municipal bailiff's office in Neustadt an der Aisch (as early as 1704, the Diespeck office, which was formed in the 16th century by the margrave from the possessions of the Lauffenholz and Tezel families, to which even Unternesselbach belonged, was merged in the Neustadt box office). The village and township government had the box office Neustadt held. The landlords were the Principality of Bayreuth (38 properties; Kastenamt Neustadt: 8 Huben , 3 Halbhuben, 3 Sölden , 7 Häckersgüter, 6 houses, 1 mill; Klosteramt Birkenfeld : 1 courtyard, 2 Halbhöflein, 1 inn, 1 mill, 2 Häckersgüter, 2 houses , Synagogue), the parish of Diespeck (1 estate with brewery, 1 Häckersgut), the Schönborn'sche Herrschaft Pommersfelden (1 estate), the Seiboth'schen Erben (3 estates) and the Würzburgische Juliusspital - administration office Burgbernheim (1 estate). In 1792 Diespeck came to the Kingdom of Prussia with the Margraviate of Ansbach-Bayreuth, which had been in the Franconian Empire since 1500 , and in 1797 Diespeck was assigned to the Neustädter Kreis and to the Dachsbach Justice Office.

19th and 20th centuries

Due to the Paris Treaty of 1810 under Napoleon , Diespeck fell to France as part of the Prussian principality of Bayreuth in the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 and was ceded to Bavaria in 1810. As part of the municipal edict , the Diespeck tax district was formed in 1811 , to which Aichen , Altenbuch , Burgstall , Bruckenmühle , Chausseehaus , Dettendorf , Eggensee , Göttelhöf , Kleinerlbach , Klobenmühle , Neumühle , Obersachsen , Schleifmühle , Sengersberg , Sensenhammer and Untersachsen belonged. Diespeck was incorporated into the Neustadt district court in 1812. In 1813 the rural community of Diespeck was formed, to which Bruckenmühle, Kleinerlbach, Klobenmühle, Neumühle, Schleifmühle and Sensenhammer belonged. It was subordinate to the regional court Neustadt an der Aisch in administration and jurisdiction and in the financial administration to the Rentamt Neustadt an der Aisch (renamed in 1920 to Finanzamt Neustadt an der Aisch ).

On June 12, 1848, a large fire broke out in Diespeck, and the fire brigades of Neustadt and six other places as well as the entire Neustadt military (under Major Schropp) and the "Gensdarmerie" from Neustadt and Langenfeld were called in to fight it .

From 1862 Diespeck was administered by the Neustadt an der Aisch district office (renamed the Neustadt an der Aisch district in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained with the district court Neustadt an der Aisch until 1879, from 1880 district court Neustadt an der Aisch . The municipality had an area of ​​7,951 km².

In the last two thirds of the 19th century there was a brisk hop growing around Diespeck. In 1904 the community received a railway closure.

The Diespecker traders were not allowed to open independent shops in the neighboring Neustadt, but some depots ("defeats") were set up there by Jewish traders. Long afterwards, emigration to America began, which ended with the Nazi rule in 1938. On April 27, 1930, the local NSDAP group held an event in the Geißdörfer inn with the Gaul propagandist Karl Holz , who gave a lecture on The Gravedigger of the German People . The Jewish cemetery , from which a large part of the grave monuments were destroyed from 1938, has been preserved. After the Second World War , many expellees, mainly from Silesia and the Graslitzer area, found a new home in Diespeck.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1970, parts of the area of ​​the dissolved Eggensee community were incorporated. On July 1, 1971, Dettendorf was added. Stübach followed on July 1, 1972.

Outsourcing

On May 1, 1978, Kleinerlbach , which had almost 400 inhabitants at that time, was assigned to the district town of Neustadt an der Aisch.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population increased from 2940 to 3747 by 807 inhabitants or by 27.5%.

Diespeck community

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 2007 2012 2016
Residents 840 1020 972 1018 1021 996 964 996 955 897 916 884 878 858 854 829 830 891 1290 1423 1801 2047 2927 3706 3623 3642
Houses 141 133 145 163 165 174 197 326 804 1088
source

Part of the municipality Diespeck

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 723 866 867 861 825 757 685 1147 1436 1585 2039
Houses 119 109 139 140 147 165 263 550
source

politics

Municipal council

The community council of Diespeck has 16 members.

CSU SPD Citizens Forum total
2002 7th 5 4th 16 seats
2008 6th 3 7th 16 seats
2014 7th 4th 5 16 seats

mayor

In the course of the 2014 local elections, Christian von Dobschütz (CSU) was elected the new mayor of the community of Diespeck with over 68%.

badges and flags

The community has had a coat of arms since 1966.

Diespeck coat of arms
Blazon : Split ; in front in silver half a golden armed red eagle with golden clover stems at the gap, behind in green a silver baptismal font. "

White and green municipal flag

Justification of the coat of arms: The eagle with the golden clover stalks is the Brandenburg coat of arms and reminds of the former rule of the Margraves of Brandenburg. The burgraves of Nuremberg and later margraves in Diespeck have been recorded since the middle of the 14th century. The baptismal font refers to the late Romanesque baptismal font in the parish church and to the church patron John the Baptist.

Town twinning

Eymoutiers has been the twin town of Diespeck in France since 1994 .

Architectural monuments

Soil monuments

traffic

Diespeck is in the tariff area of ​​the VGN (Verkehrsverbund Großraum Nürnberg) and has a bus connection to Neustadt / Aisch train station. The federal highway 470 passes on the western edge of the town and the federal highway 8 passes on the southern edge of the town . The district road NEA 15 leads to Ehe or to Dettendorf . A community road leads to Lower Saxony .

sons and daughters of the town

  • David Einhorn (1809–1879), reform rabbi
  • Albrecht Alt (1883–1956), Protestant theologian (Old Testament scholar, Palestine scholar), b. in Stübach
  • Joannis Karsanidis (* 1993 in Nuremberg), soccer player, grew up in Diespeck

literature

Web links

Commons : Diespeck  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. Mayor. Parish, accessed June 6, 2020 .
  3. ^ Municipality of Diespeck in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 20, 2019.
  4. Max Döllner (1950), p. 120.
  5. Max Döllner (1950), p. 119.
  6. Max Döllner (1950), p. 119.
  7. W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 54.
  8. For many other interpretations (such as the derivation of diet as a 'people' or personal name), see Christoph Beck: The place names of the Aisch valley and the neighboring valleys. Ph. CW Schmidt, Neustadt ad Aisch 1926, p. 7., and Max Döllner (1950), p. 119.
  9. Max Döllner (1950), pp. 104 and 121.
  10. So the war of cities around 1388 , feuds from 1406 to 1462 with the First Margrave War , the Peasants' War of 1525 , the Second Margrave War with the feuds of Albrecht Alcibiades and the destruction under Nuremberg rule as well as the Thirty Years War.
  11. Max Döllner (1950), pp. 120-124.
  12. Max Döllner (1950), p. 191.
  13. Eberhard Krauss: Exulanten im Evang.-Luth. Deanery Neustadt an der Aisch. Nuremberg 2012 (= sources and research on Franconian family history. Volume 27), passim. ISBN 978-3-929865-32-5
  14. Max Döllner (1950), pp. 124, 243 and 262.
  15. ^ Boy Scout Diespeck: Our namesake .
  16. Max Döllner (1950), p. 124.
  17. ^ Paul Schaudig: Pietism and Separatism in the Aischgrund. 1925.
  18. Max Döllner (1950), p. 123.
  19. ^ Max Döllner: History of the development of the city of Neustadt an der Aisch until 1933. Ph. CW Schmidt, Neustadt ad Aisch 1950. (New edition 1978 on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Ph. CW Schmidt Neustadt an der Aisch publishing house 1828–1978. ) P. 269.
  20. Max Döllner (1950), p. 121 f.
  21. ^ HH Hofmann, p. 88.
  22. Max Döllner (1950), p. 125.
  23. Max Döllner (1950), p. 125.
  24. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 59 ( digitized version ). HH Hofmann p. 221.
  25. HH Hofmann, p. 184 f.
  26. Max Döllner (1950), p. 125.
  27. a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 804 ( digitized version ).
  28. Max Döllner (1950), p. 125.
  29. Max Döllner (1950), pp. 172, 489 and 734.
  30. ^ Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 93.
  31. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 536 .
  32. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 724 .
  33. a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were referred to as hearths , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 2016 as residential buildings.
  34. a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 18 ( digitized version ). For the community of Diespeck plus the residents and buildings of Bruckenmühle (p. 13), Kleinerlbach (p. 48), Klobenmühle (p. 49), Schleifmühle (p. 81) and Sensenhammer (p. 85).
  35. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 197 ( digitized version ). According to the historical municipality register , the municipality had 1,021 inhabitants.
  36. a b c d e f g h i j k l Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 179 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  37. a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1056 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  38. a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1221 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized ).
  39. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1155 ( digitized version ).
  40. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1227 ( digitized version ).
  41. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1265 ( digitized version ).
  42. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1095 ( digitized version ).
  43. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 175 ( digitized version ).
  44. a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 339 ( digitized version ).
  45. a b c Diespeck: Official statistics of the LfStat
  46. ^ Entry on the Diespeck coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  47. ^ Diespeck. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved May 25, 2020 .