Frederikshavn

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Frederikshavn
Frederikshavn Coat of Arms
Frederikshavn (Denmark)
Frederikshavn
Frederikshavn
Basic data
State : DenmarkDenmark Denmark
Region : North Jylland
Region : North Jylland
Municipality
(since 2007) :
Frederikshavn
Coordinates : 57 ° 26 '  N , 10 ° 32'  E Coordinates: 57 ° 26 '  N , 10 ° 32'  E
Founded: 1818
Population :
(2020)
23,124
Postal code : 9900 Frederikshavn
Sister cities : GermanyGermany Bremerhaven

EnglandEngland North Tyneside Rovaniemi Paamiut Vestmannaeyjar Riga Larvik Borlänge
FinlandFinland 
GreenlandGreenland 
IcelandIceland 
LatviaLatvia 
NorwayNorway 
SwedenSweden 

Website: www.frederikshavn.dk
Frederikshavn Town Hall
Frederikshavn Town Hall
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / area missing
Template: Infobox location in Denmark / maintenance / height is missing

Frederikshavn [ fʀɛðəʀegshɑu̯ʔn ] is in the North Jutland situated Danish port city on the Baltic coast and seat of the administration of Frederikshavn Municipality .

The city, dominated by shipyards , is the starting point for ferry lines to Oslo , Gothenburg and the island of Læsø .

In the vicinity of the city there are some forest areas with species-rich fauna and flora and hills up to 70 m high, such as the Pikkerbakken . From there the nearby islands called Hirsholmene can be seen, which administratively belong to the city.

The old district of Fiskerklyngen is worth seeing with its old, colorful fishermen's houses. The city also offers good shopping opportunities in one of the longest pedestrian zones in the country.

There is a beach on either side of the city. One of these beaches is the only palm beach in Denmark.

geography

landscape

Around 6000 BC Large parts of the Kattegat were still land. Around 4000 BC The sea level rose and the Kattegat coast ran past today's Frederikshavn and formed the Hirsholmene and the island of Læsø, which is 27 km away today .

Today the coast is characterized by beaches and dunes . The flat marine foreland in the north of the city is characterized by heather and forest as well as agricultural use, mainly grain cultivation. In the south of the city there is only a narrow strip of flat coast, before a striking hilly landscape begins, extending into the west of the city.

Surveys

  • Blåhøj
  • Pikkerbakken
  • Øksnebjerg
Fish ladders at Bangsbo Å in Bangsbo Park

Rivers

Small rivers in the urban area:

  • Bangsbo Å - flows into the Kattegat
  • Elling Å - flows into the Kattegat
  • Kragskov Å - flows into the Rugholm Å
  • Rugholm Å - flows into the Kattegat
  • Skærum Å - flows into Elling Å
  • Åsted Å - flows into Elling Å

coast

Frederikshavn (excluding Skagen and Sæby ) has a 32 km long Kattegat coast on the northern part of the Baltic Sea . The coast is gently sloping and is dominated by beaches and dunes . Sandbanks are in front of the beaches. At 2 km from the coast, the water depth is around four meters.

Districts

Since the municipal reform in Denmark , the Frederikshavn Municipality has included Frederikshavn, Skagen in the north and Sæby in the south. The new municipal border is also the border of Frederikshavn Provsti .

To Frederikshavn, without Skagen and Sæby belong ( Sogn corresponds to the German municipalities):

history

People have lived in the urban area of ​​Frederikshavn for thousands of years. There are archaeological finds from the Stone Age to the Viking Age such as burial mounds , large stone graves, settlements and the basement of Løgten Mark .

The location by the sea with a natural harbor and good anchorages at the Hirsholmene and the island of Deget was beneficial for the development of Frederikshavn. It is a short sea route to the coasts of Sweden and Norway , which has economic, political and military advantages. The former fishing village of Fladstrand (dt. "Flat beach") was given in 1818 by the Danish King Frederik VI. the city charter and was renamed Frederikshavn. Thanks to the port, the city quickly developed into an important trading center in the region.

German soldiers in Frederikshavn on their way to Norway

Above all, the Germans took advantage of the strategic location in World War II , when Frederikshavn was made the capital of the defense sector. Four regions had such a status under the German occupation. The other three were Aalborg, Esbjerg and Hanstholm.

For the economy of Frederikshavn the port was of great importance with fishing and shipbuilding industries. Crises in the fishing and shipbuilding industries caused unemployment to rise in the city in the 1980s. Since then, the city has developed in the field of trade and tourism.

Development of the population

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 *
total 34,522 35,559 35,559 35,500 35.114 34,853 34,975 62.007
male 17,235 17,440 17,688 17,640 17,528 17,327 16,881 30,975
Female 17,287 17,598 17,871 17,860 17,586 17,526 17.094 31,032
00-09 years 5,563 4,917 4,355 4,004 4.169 4,297 3,826 6.261
10–19 years 5,915 6,073 5,690 5,159 4,406 4,051 4,360 7,944
20-29 years 5.123 4,844 5,310 5,410 4,808 4.136 3,271 5,051
30–39 years 4,709 5,339 5,253 4,925 5,006 5,099 4,530 6,646
40-49 years 3,960 4.121 4,688 5,299 5,201 4,846 4,969 9,365
50–59 years 3,901 3,828 3,736 3,946 4,484 5,120 5.011 9,175
60–69 years 2,959 3.191 3,450 3,374 3,310 3,470 4,041 9,155
70–79 years 1,791 1,959 2,182 2,348 2,520 2,525 2,509 5,334
80-89 years 550 675 802 919 1,083 1,154 1,246 2,595
90-99 years 51 90 89 115 125 153 209 468
over 99 years 0 1 4th 1 2 2 3 8th

(January 1st)

  • 2007 Incorporation of the municipalities of Skagen and Sæby

(January 1st)

Politics / administration

Municipal structure

1793-1970

Frederikhavn's seal from 1898

Until 1970 Frederikshavn's northern part belonged to Horns Herred , the southern part to Dronninglund Herred . Both Herred were in the Hjørring office .

1970-2006

Through the municipal reform in 1970 Frederikshavn became a municipality and was next to Hjørring a central municipality in Vendsyssel . Frederikshavn was in North Jutland with Aalborg as the capital.

From 2007

As a result of the local government reform, which took effect on January 1, 2007, the municipalities of Skagen and Sæby were incorporated. The municipality of Frederikshavn is one of eleven municipalities in the Nordjylland region with Aalborg as the regional capital.

Frederikshavn Skagen Sæby New Frederikshavn Commune
surface 179.59 km² 142.90 km² 326.17 km² 648.6 km²
Residents 34,966 (2004) 12,027 (2004) 17,969 (2004) 62,741 (2007)

politics

City council

The city council for the new Frederikshavn municipality consists of 31 members. (As of January 1, 2014)

Mayor:

1. Deputy Mayor:

  • Lars M. Møller (Mayor of Frederikshavn 2010–2013), Venstre , farmer

2nd Deputy Mayor:

Other members:

mayor

  • 2014: Birgit S. Hansen, nurse
  • 2010: Lars Møller, farmer
  • 1998: Erik Sørensen, tax officer
  • 1994: Jens Christian Larsen, school inspector
  • 1986: Ove Christensen, Chief Police Officer
  • 1970: Villy Christensen, school principal
  • 1965: Christian Pedersen, carpenter
  • 1960: Harald Jensen, cinema manager
  • 1954: Lars Christian Fisker, senior teacher
  • 1950: Westy Beckett, lawyer
  • 1937: Lars Christian Fisker, senior teacher
  • 1936: Harald Victor Alster, lawyer
  • 1933: Frithjof Houmøller, engineer
  • 1920: Johan Gustav Hassing, master painter
  • 1919: Christen Elius Andersen, director of the savings bank
  • 1913: PE Hosøe (appointed by the king)
  • 1900: CA Ramsig (appointed by King)
  • 1882: Niels Tvede (appointed by the king), Vogt
  • 1870: FEE Erichsen (appointed by the King), Vogt

Public administration

The seat of the public administration is in Frederikshavn: Frederikshavn Kommune, Rådhus Allé 100, 9900 Frederikshavn. Citizens' advice continues to take place in Skagens and Sæbys town halls.

Economy and Infrastructure

Frederikshavn Naval Base

economy

Frederikshavn has been a trading town since 1818, and since then there have been fishing, agricultural and shipbuilding trading companies. There were hardly any changes due to industrialization , with the exception of shipbuilding. Service institutions and trade are the largest employers today alongside public institutions.

unemployment

1994 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 * 2010 * 2012 *
13.8% 10.8% 10.2% 9.3% 11.2% 7.2% 3.8% * 8.1% * 6.8% *

As a result of the incorporation of Skagen and Sæby, figures for the entire municipality from 2008. Due to layoffs in the shipyards, Frederikshavn has one of the highest unemployment rates in the country, but the rate has stabilized due to the need for labor in other industries.

Agriculture

Due to sandy soils and drought, there are only poor cultivation options in summer. Mainly potatoes , cereals , onions and carrots are grown. There is also livestock farming.

fishing

There are fishing ports in Frederikshavner Hafen and Strandby. Fishing used to be one of the largest sources of income in the region. Today only a few people are employed in this sector. There are larger fish processing companies in both ports, and there is a fish auction hall in Strandby.

Industry

  • Light source production
  • Truck chassis construction
  • Ship engine construction
  • Telecommunication equipment manufacturing
  • Shipyards

Trade and services

A silo converted into a service center

Largest economic sector in Frederikshavn, with a focus on:

  • Banks
  • Retail: One of the longest pedestrian streets in Denmark
  • Trade through trade fairs and congresses
  • tourism

Education and Research

The Frederikshavn Municipality (excluding Skagen and Sæby) is divided into eleven school districts with an elementary school, these allow school attendance from grades 1 to 10. There is also an elementary school with a focus on music and one with a focus on home economics and a private elementary school in Frederikshavn.

After completing elementary school, you can attend various secondary schools:

The nearest university is in Aalborg.

traffic

automobile

train

All traffic on the routes Frederikshavn – Skagen to Skagen via Strandby, Jerup , Aalbæk and Hulsig and Frederikshavn – Aalborg via Sindal , Hjørring and Brønderslev is carried out by regional trains operated by Nordjyske Jernbaner .

bus

City bus routes, as well as regional buses from the bus station. Regional lines to Skagen, Sæby, Øster Vrå , Sindal and Hirtshals .

bicycle

All parts of the city have well-developed cycle paths. Several national cycle routes and the EuroVelo 3 ( Trondheim - Santiago de Compostela ) run through Frederikshavn.

plane

A regional airport is in Sindal with scheduled flights to Copenhagen and London . The nearest international airport is in Aalborg.

ship

Frederikshavn Harbor

Frederikshavn is a major ferry port with ferry connections to:

Every year more than 2,500,000 passengers with 500,000 cars use the port, 3,000,000 tons of freight is handled. The ferry port also serves to transport bulk goods, containers and oil.

military

There are bases of the Royal Danish Navy throughout the municipality . The first fleet of the Danish Navy with a total of nine divisions is stationed in the port of Frederikshavn . Among other things, the Danish sailing training ship Danmark and the royal yacht Dannebrog have their home port here.

Culture, tourism and sights

view

Frederikshavn observation tower
  • Cloostårnet - observation tower in the west of the city on Brønderslevvej, donated by Consul Cloos, observation platform 168 meters above sea level, at the foot of the tower there is a nature playground
  • Nordre Mole - Northern pier of the port with a view of the naval port , the ferry and cargo port and the shipyards; Observation of the arrival and departure of ships; good fishing spot ( plaice , cod , sea ​​trout , mackerel )
  • Nordre Skanse - Old defensive structure north of the Fiskerklyngen with a view of the sea and the Hirsholmene
  • Pikkerbakken - In the Bangsbo district with a view over Frederikshavn, the Hirsholmene, and in good weather as far as Skagen and Læsø
  • Øksnebjerg - at 95 meters, the highest mountain in Frederikshavns with a view over the bay between Skagen and Sæby

Churches

Frederikshavn Kirke

Churches of the Evangelical Lutheran People's Church

Methodist Church

Evangelical Reformed Church

  • small parish hall in Frederikshavn

Roman Catholic Church

Associations close to the church

Museums

Krudtårnet
  • Bangsbo Museum - with an exhibition on the history of Frederikshavn and the region as well as life in Vendsyssel in the 19th century, plus textiles, carts and dishes from this period; restored Viking ship, which was salvaged from the river Elling Å, as well as ship models and information about North Jutland seafaring
  • Fort Bangsbo Bunker Museum - command bunker from the Second World War, which served the German commander-in-chief for North Jutland from 1940 until the liberation of Denmark in 1945 , expanded into a museum
  • Kunstmuseum og Exlibrissamling - art museum near the town hall
  • Powder Tower / Krudttårnet - the Powder Tower , built between 1686 and 1690, served as a defense for what was then Fladstrand ; At that time the tower stood on a headland about 100 meters into the sea, so that enemy cannons from ships could not reach the city before the ships were within range of the tower. The tower served the city's hero, Peter Wessel , called "Tordenskiold", as a base. Exhibition with weapons and information about the former Fladstrand

Natural areas

Bangsbo Manor
  • Bangsbo Park - Bangsbo manor from 1364 with moat and park through which the Bangsbo Å river flows; Botanical garden, herb garden, rock garden "Boolsens-Stenhave" (exhibition of around 1000 stone tools from five millennia), open-air stage, game reserve, footpath to the Pikkerbakken viewpoint; there is the Bangsbo Museum; Fitness trails ; Nature playground; Hiking trails, rich flora and fauna
  • Blåhøj - hiking routes and viewpoint between Tolne and Dvergetved ; Collecting blueberries and lingonberries possible
  • Hirsholmene - archipelago, main island with lighthouse , Hirsholmene Kirke (church), several houses and a small harbor ; Crossing by post boat possible from Frederikshavn harbor; Rich bird life, nature reserve
  • Plantations - city park with central cemetery on Fladstrand Kirke with meadows, forest, lakes, playgrounds and aviary
  • Beaches - clean beaches with excellent blue flag water quality along the entire coast of the city ; Shallow water depth and sandbanks, therefore child-friendly
  • Vandværksskov - forest around the old waterworks, with a lake and streams; paved hiking trails
  • Åsted Ådal - nature reserve in the Åsted district

Sculptures and monuments

Typical Fiskerklyngen house
  • Bangsbo-Hovedgård - Bangsbo's manor from 1364 with moat and park through which the Bangsbo Å river flows; Botanical garden, herb garden, rock garden “Boolsens-Stenhave” (exhibition of around 1000 stone tools from five millennia), open-air stage, game reserve, footpath to the Pikkerbakken viewpoint; there is the Bangsbo Museum
  • Brysterne - five dome-shaped rubble stone sculptures with fountains
  • Fiskerklyngen - the oldest part of Frederikshavn, with small yellow fishermen's houses
  • Frihedsmonumented - granite relief by Sven Bovin , commemorates the occupation, the war and the liberation; is located next to Frederikshavn Kirke
  • Jernalderkældrene - seven cellar foundations from the Celtic Iron Age that were used for storage purposes
  • Jættestuen Blakshøj - passage grave , which is 8 meters long and 2.2 meters wide (in the vicinity of the local part Gærum )
  • Knivholt-Hovedgård - Restored farm with historical workshops; Outdoor concerts in summer
  • Rødspøtte-Fontæne - “Floe Fountain” at the northern end of Danmarksgade; the floe is a symbol of the city, the fountain was built in 1987 when the city was named “Årets By”, the city of the year
  • Tordenskjold Monument - On the “Fisketorvet” square in the pedestrian zone, the bronze statue of the city's hero, Peter Wessel “Tordenskjold”, looks towards the sea to protect the city from enemy ships; Concerts / actions often take place on the square in the summer months
  • Tubablæseren - bronze statue of a tuba player at the town hall, the wind player would play loudly if the politicians decide something bad, so far it has not been heard
  • Vinden - "The Wind", a large, shell-shaped sculpture on the theme of wind near the town hall, made by the local shipyard Danyard

Entertainment and sport

Arena north
Palm beach
  • Library - large library with specialist literature, next to the town hall
  • Bowling - bowling center in the west of the city
  • Rink - Iscenter North Bangsbo area, public skating and league games of the successful Frederikshavner hockey team, Frederikshavn White Hawks , which repeatedly Danish title was
  • Golf - two golf courses
  • Cinema - ( German and English films with Danish subtitles ) in the city center
  • Concerts - in the concert hall “Det Musiske Hus”, in the churches and in the “Arena Nord”; open-air concerts in summer
  • Minigolf - mini golf course on Bratten Strand
  • Palm beach - north of the harbor palm beach with beach volleyball fields ; animation partly in summer
  • Riding - possible on various farms, inquiries possible through the tourist office
  • Swimming - “Svømmehal” swimming pool next to the town hall; Tropical swimming pool at the Scandic Hotel
  • Indoor ski area (planned)
  • Water sports - several maritime ports: Strandby Havn, Rønnerhavn and Søsportshavn

Accommodations

  • Camping - several campsites in the city, some close to the beach
  • Holiday homes - The beachfront holiday home areas Bratten Strand , Napstjert and Kæret primarily offer locals and tourists the opportunity to relax.
  • Hotels - various hotels of different categories in the city center
  • Private rooms - inexpensive alternative to overnight stays, arranged by the tourist office
  • Sømandshjem - cheap hostels in Frederikshavn and Strandby

Well-known Frederikshavner

Town twinning

Literature and Sources

  • Miljø- og Energiministeriet (1999): Frederikshavn Kommuneatlas
  • Bangsbo Arkiv: Årbøger
    • Kirker i Frederikshavn commune (1986)
    • Fra kirkesogn til commune (1988)
  • Christiansen, Brian / Elling-Strandby meninghedsråd (2005): Kirkerne på Danmarks top. Videbæk: Øko-Tryk.

Web links

Commons : Frederikshavn  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Frederikshavn  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. Statistics banks -> Befolkning og valg -> BY1: Folketal January 1st efter byområde, alder og køn (Danish)
  2. Danish statistical database , BEF1: Folketal pr. January 1st commune / office, civilstand, alder og køn.
  3. Danish statistical database , BEF44: Folketal den 1. i kvartalet efter commune, køn, alder, civilstand, herkomst, oprindelsesland og statsborgerskab.
  4. http://www.statistikbanken.dk/ AUS08: Sæsonkorrigerede fuldtidsledige efter område, sæsonkorrigerede og faktiske opregnede tal
  5. http://www.statistikbanken.dk/ AB112D: Ledige i pct af arbejdsstyrken efter område, alder og køn (måned) (AFSLUTTET)
  6. The connection operated with Color Line by Color Festival dropped out at the beginning of 2008, see Color Line press release ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on November 27, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.colorline.no