List of Roman provinces from Diocletian onwards
The list of Roman provinces from Diocletian onwards provides the essential information on the development of the Roman regional structure after the administrative reform of Emperor Diocletian up to the division of the empire in 395 , when the division into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire took place. The information on the development of the Roman regional structure up to the administrative reform of Diocletian is presented in the list of the Roman provinces up to Diocletian . An alphabetical list of all Roman provinces regardless of the time of their existence can be found under List of Provinces of the Roman Empire .
With the administrative reform of Diocletian and his successors, mostly smaller units were formed from the 46 provinces so far, mainly through division 85; Only in one case were provinces amalgamated ( Alpes Graiae and Alpes Poeninae to Alpes Graiae et Poeninae ), and no major border shifts took place (exception: Alpes Maritimae , which was expanded to include parts of Gallia Narbonensis and Alpes Cottiae ). An essential feature of the reform was that the Italian peninsula, which had previously had the privilege of not counting among the provinces, was divided into eight units. In a further reform, the number of the now 93 provinces was increased to 119. This time, too , mainly divisions and only a merger of ( Numidia Cirtensis and Numidia Militiane to Numidia ) took place, which, however, only involved the reversal of a previous division acted.
The more than doubled number of provinces made it necessary to introduce a further hierarchy level, the consolidation of individual provinces into dioceses . Under Emperor Constantine I , the Praetorian prefects , who were released from their military duties, were entrusted with civil duties as a further administrative level.
The hierarchy levels
Thus at the end of the 4th century the Roman Empire had the following regional hierarchy:
- 1st level: the emperor
- 2nd level: the prefectures
- Praefectus praetorio per Orientem
- Praefectus praetorio Illyrici, Italiae et Africae
- Praefectus praetorio Galliarum
The division of the empire in 395 had consequences for the prefects, as the prefecture "Illyricum, Italia et Africa" had to be divided. The Praefectus praetorio Galliarum and a Praefectus praetorio Italiae et Africae belonged to the Western Roman Empire, the Praefectus praetorio per Orientem and a Praefectus praetorio Illyrici to the Eastern Roman Empire.
table
old province | Provinces at the time of Diocletian and Constantine I. | diocese | Provinces at the time of the division of the empire (395) | diocese | approximate location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Achaia | Achaea | Moesia | Achaea | Macedonia | Peloponnese , Attica |
Aegyptus | Thebais | Oriens | Thebais | Aegyptus | Upper Egypt |
Aegyptus iovia | Oriens | Aegyptus | Aegyptus | western Nile Delta | |
Aegyptus Herculea | Oriens | Augustamnica | Aegyptus | eastern Nile Delta | |
Arcadia | Aegyptus | Middle Egypt | |||
Africa | Proconsularis Zeugitana | Africa | Africa proconsularis | Africa | northern Tunisia |
Valeria Byzacena | Africa | Byzacena | Africa | southern Tunisia | |
Tripolitana | Africa | western coast of Libya | |||
Alpes Cottiae | Alpes Cottiae | Italia | Alpes Cottiae | Italia annonaria | Cottian Alps |
Alpes Maritimae | Alpes Maritimae | Viennensis | Alpes Maritimae | Septem Provinciae | the French departments of Alpes-Maritimes , Alpes-de-Haute-Provence , Hautes-Alpes |
Alpes Atrectianae et Poeninae | Alpes Graiae et Poeninae | Galliae | Alpes Graiae et Poeninae | Galliae | Savoie , Wallis |
Aquitania | Novempopulana | Viennensis | Novempopulana | Septem Provinciae | Gascony |
Aquitania | Viennensis | Aquitania great | Septem Provinciae | Auvergne | |
Aquitania secunda | Septem Provinciae | Poitou , Charente | |||
Arabia | Arabia | Oriens | Arabia | Oriens | Jordan |
Asia | Asia | Asiana | Asia | Asiana | turkish aegean coast |
Hellespontus | Asiana | Asian side of the Dardanelles | |||
Lydia | Asiana | Lydia | Asiana | western Turkey | |
Caria | Asiana | Caria | Asiana | southwestern Turkey | |
Insulae | Asiana | Insulae | Asiana | Aegean Islands | |
Phrygia | Asiana | Phrygia Pacatiana | Asiana | western Turkey | |
Phrygia salutaris | Asiana | western Turkey | |||
Baetica | Baetica | Hispania | Baetica | Hispania | Andalusia |
Pontus et Bithynia | Bithynia | Pontica | Bithynia | Pontica | Turkey near Istanbul |
Paphlagonia | Pontica | Paphlagonia | Pontica | western Turkish Black Sea coast | |
Honorias | Pontica | ||||
Diospontus | Pontica | Helenopontus | Pontica | Turkish Black Sea coast near Sinop | |
Britannia inferior | Flavia Caesariensis | Britannia | Flavia Caesariensis | Britannia | Central and North England |
Britannia superior | Britannia I | Britannia | Britannia I | Britannia | |
Britannia II | Britannia | Britannia II | Britannia | ||
Maxima Caesariensis | Britannia | Maxima Caesariensis | Britannia | ||
Cappadocia | Cappadocia | Pontica | Cappadocia I | Pontica | Central Turkey |
Cappadocia II | Pontica | Central Turkey | |||
Pontus Polemoniacus | Pontica | Pontus Polemoniacus | Pontica | Turkish Black Sea coast near Trabzon | |
Armenia minor | Pontica | Armenia I | Pontica | eastern Turkey | |
Armenia II | Pontica | eastern Turkey | |||
Cilicia | Cilicia | Oriens | Cilicia I | Oriens | eastern Turkish Mediterranean coast |
Cilicia II | Oriens | eastern Turkish Mediterranean coast | |||
Isauria | Oriens | Isauria | Oriens | central Turkish Mediterranean coast | |
Creta et Cyrenae | Creta | Moesia | Creta | Macedonia | Crete |
Libya superior | Oriens | Libya superior | Aegyptus | northeastern Libya | |
Libya inferior | Oriens | Libya inferior | Aegyptus | northwestern Egypt | |
Cyprus | Cyprus | Oriens | Cyprus | Oriens | Cyprus |
Dalmatia | Dalmatia | Pannonia | Dalmatia | Pannonia | Dalmatia , Bosnia |
Epirus | Epirus vetus | Moesia | Epirus vetus | Macedonia | Northwest Greece , South Albania |
Galatia | Galatia | Pontica | Galatia salutaris | Pontica | Central Turkey |
Galatia | Pontica | Central Turkey | |||
Pisidia | Pontica | Pisidia | Pontica | South turkey | |
Lycaonia | Pontica | South turkey | |||
Belgica | Belgica I | Gallia | Belgica I | Gallia | Catchment area of the Moselle |
Belgica II | Gallia | Belgica II | Gallia | Belgium , northern France to the Marne | |
Gallia Lugdunensis | Sequania | Gallia | Maxima Sequanorum | Gallia | Western and Central Switzerland , Jura |
Lugdunensis I | Gallia | Lugdunensis I | Gallia | Burgundy | |
Lugdunensis II | Gallia | Lugdunensis II | Gallia | Normandy | |
Lugdunensis III | Gallia | Brittany , lower reaches of the Loire | |||
Senonia | Gallia | Paris , Orléans | |||
Gallia Narbonensis | Narbonensis | Viennensis | Narbonensis I | Septem Provinciae | Languedoc |
Viennensis | Viennensis | Viennensis | Septem Provinciae | Rhone Valley | |
Narbonensis II | Septem Provinciae | Var , Vaucluse , Drôme | |||
Germania inferior | Germania II | Gallia | Germania II | Gallia | Catchment area of the Meuse |
Germania superior | Germania I | Gallia | Germania I | Gallia | Parts of Alsace , Rhineland-Palatinate , Baden-Württemberg |
Italia (not previously considered a province) | Venetia and Histria | Italia | Venetia and Histria | Italia annonaria | Veneto and Istria |
Aemilia et Liguria | Italia | Aemilia | Italia annonaria | western Emilia-Romagna | |
Liguria | Italia annonaria | Liguria | |||
Flaminia et Picenum | Italia | Flaminia et Picenum annonarium | Italia annonaria | eastern Emilia-Romagna | |
Picenum suburbicarium | Italia suburbicaria | Brands | |||
Tuscia and Umbria | Italia | Tuscia and Umbria | Italia suburbicaria | Tuscany , Umbria | |
Valeria | Italia | Valeria | Italia suburbicaria | northeast of Rome | |
Campania et Samnium | Italia | Campania | Italia suburbicaria | Campania | |
Samnium | Italia suburbicaria | Abruzzo , Molise | |||
Apulia and Calabria | Italia | Apulia and Calabria | Italia suburbicaria | Apulia | |
Lucania and Brittii | Italia | Brittii and Lucania | Italia suburbicaria | Calabria , Basilicata | |
Lusitania | Lusitania | Hispania | Lusitania | Hispania | Portugal , Extremadura |
Lycia and Pamphylia | Pamphylia | Asiana | Pamphylia | Asiana | western Turkish Mediterranean coast |
Lycia | Asiana | western Turkish Mediterranean coast | |||
Macedonia | Macedonia | Moesia | Macedonia | Macedonia | Northern Greece |
Macedonia salutaris | Macedonia | ||||
Epirus nova | Moesia | Epirus nova | Macedonia | Albania | |
Thessalia | Moesia | Thessalia | Macedonia | medium | |
Mauretania Tingitana | Mauretania Tingitana | Hispania | Mauretania Tingitana | Hispania | North morocco |
Mauretania Caesariensis | Mauretania Caesariensis | Africa | Mauretania Caesariensis | Africa | North Algeria |
Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia | Oriens | Mesopotamia | Oriens | North iraq |
Osrhoene | Oriens | Syria east of the Euphrates | |||
Moesia inferior | Moesia inferior | Thracia | Moesia II | Thracia | Northern Bulgaria |
Scythia | Thracia | Scythia | Thracia | Romanian Black Sea coast | |
Moesia superior | Moesia superior | Moesia | Moesia I | Dacia | South serbia |
Dacia | Moesia | Dacia ripensis | Dacia | northwest Bulgaria | |
Dacia mediterranea | Dacia | southwestern Bulgaria | |||
Praevalitana | Moesia | Praevalitana | Dacia | Montenegro | |
Dardania | Moesia | Dardania | Dacia | Kosovo and North Macedonia | |
Noricum | Noricum ripense | Pannonia | Noricum ripense | Pannonia | Upper Austria , Province of Salzburg and Mostviertel |
Noricum mediterraneum | Pannonia | Noricum mediterraneum | Pannonia | East Tyrol, Carinthia and Styria | |
Numidia | Numidia cirtensis | Africa | Numidia | Africa | northeastern Algeria |
Numidia Militiane | Africa | ||||
Pannonia superior | Pannonia superior | Pannonia | Pannonia I | Pannonia | eastern Austria |
Savia | Pannonia | Savia | Pannonia | Croatia | |
Pannonia inferior | Pannonia inferior | Pannonia | Pannonia II | Pannonia | Vojvodina |
Valeria ripensis | Pannonia | Valeria ripensis | Pannonia | West hungary | |
Raetia | Raetia | Italia | Raetia I | Italia annonaria | Graubünden , Vorarlberg , western North Tyrol |
Raetia II | Italia annonaria | Southern Bavaria between the Iller , Danube and Inn | |||
Corsica et Sardinia | Sardinia | Italia | Sardinia | Italia suburbicaria | Sardinia |
Corsica | Italia | Corsica | Italia suburbicaria | Corsica | |
Sicilia | Sicilia | Italia | Sicilia | Italia suburbicaria | Sicily |
Syria Coele | Syria Coele | Oriens | Syria | Oriens | syrian mediterranean coast |
Syria salutaris | Oriens | Central Syria | |||
Syria Euphratensis | Oriens | Syria , western bank of the Euphrates | |||
Syria Phoenice | Syria Phoenice | Oriens | Phoenice | Oriens | Lebanon |
Phoenice Lebanesia | Oriens | southern Syria | |||
Syria Palestine | Syria Phoenice | Oriens | Palestine I. | Oriens | |
Palestine II | Oriens | ||||
Palestine salutaris | Oriens | Sinai | |||
Hispania tarraconensis | Tarraconensis | Hispania | Tarraconensis | Hispania | Northeast spain |
Carthaginiensis | Hispania | Carthaginiensis | Hispania | Southeast spain | |
Gallaecia | Hispania | Gallaecia | Hispania | Galicia | |
Insulae Baleares | Hispania | Insulae Baleares | Hispania | Balearic Islands | |
Thracia | Europe | Thracia | Europe | Thracia | European part of Turkey (→ Eastern Thrace ) |
Thracia | Thracia | Thracia | Thracia | southern Bulgaria | |
Haemimontus | Thracia | Haemimontus | Thracia | southeastern Bulgaria | |
Rhodope | Thracia | Rhodope | Thracia | northeastern Greece |
literature
- Tilmann Bechert : The provinces of the Roman Empire. Introduction and overview. von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2399-9