Möhrendorf

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community Möhrendorf
Möhrendorf
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Möhrendorf highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 38 '  N , 11 ° 0'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Erlangen-Höchstadt
Height : 272 m above sea level NHN
Area : 13.18 km 2
Residents: 4847 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 368 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91096
Primaries : 09131, 09133
License plate : ERH, HÖS
Community key : 09 5 72 142
LOCODE : DE MHF
Community structure: 3 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Hauptstrasse 16
91096 Möhrendorf
Website : www.moehrendorf.de
Mayor : Thomas Fischer ( CSU )
Location of the community Möhrendorf in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt
Birkach (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Neunhofer Forst Mark (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Kraftshofer Forst Kalchreuther Forst Geschaidt Forst Tennenlohe Erlenstegener Forst Buckenhofer Forst Nürnberg Nürnberg Landkreis Nürnberger Land Fürth Landkreis Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim Landkreis Fürth Erlangen Landkreis Ansbach Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Bamberg Landkreis Forchheim Buckenhof Aurachtal Eckental Heroldsberg Kalchreuth Lonnerstadt Möhrendorf Mühlhausen (Mittelfranken) Oberreichenbach (Mittelfranken) Spardorf Uttenreuth Vestenbergsgreuth Weisendorf Wachenroth Röttenbach (bei Erlangen) Marloffstein Höchstadt an der Aisch Heßdorf Herzogenaurach Hemhofen Großenseebach Gremsdorf Bubenreuth Baiersdorf Adelsdorf Dormitzer Forstmap
About this picture
Möhrendorf aerial photo (2019)

Möhrendorf is a municipality in the district of Erlangen-Höchstadt in Central Franconia . Möhrendorf is famous for its historic water paddle wheels .

geography

Geographical location

The place is about six kilometers north of Erlangen in the Regnitz valley , on the western bank of the river. The Main-Danube Canal , which runs west of the Regnitz, forms the border to the incorporated district of Kleinseebach . In Kleinseebach, the Seebach flows into the Main-Danube Canal.

Community structure

The community has 3 districts :

There is also the Kleinseebacher Mühle , which is not a district.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are (starting in the north clockwise): Baiersdorf , Bubenreuth , Erlangen

history

Martinskirche (St. Oswald - St. Martin)

The first traces of settlement in the area around Kleinseebach date from the Urnfield period . The first written mention of Möhrendorf and Kleinseebach dates from the year 1007, still with the names Merdindorf and Seuuaha .

As part of the municipal edict, the Möhrendorf tax district was formed in 1811 , to which Kleinseebach , Kleinseebacher Mühle and Oberndorf belonged. With the second community edict (1818), two rural communities were formed:

  • Kleinseebach with Kleinseebacher mill;
  • Möhrendorf with Oberndorf.

The rural community Möhrendorf was subordinate to the regional court Herzogenaurach in administration and jurisdiction and in the financial administration to the rent office Erlangen (from 1920 tax office Erlangen ). On July 12, 1827, the community was assigned to the Erlangen district court . From 1862 Möhrendorf was administered by the Erlangen District Office (renamed the Erlangen District in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained until 1879 the District Court Erlangen, from 1880 at the district court Erlangen . The municipality originally had an area of ​​8.019 km².

Möhrendorf has developed from an agriculturally oriented community to a residential community in the past few decades . These excellent transport links within the expected Nuremberg Metropolitan Region with its own junction on the A73 have contributed as well as its proximity to the recreation area Large Bishop Weiher (Dechsendorfer Pond) and for holiday region Franconian Switzerland .

Place naming

Merdindorf is most likely derived from the medieval personal name Mardo . The derivations from the name Martin or from a possible medieval personal name Merdin , occasionally given as origin, are considered implausible. Although there is no direct evidence for the name Mardo , its existence can be reconstructed with great certainty from various place names. It probably goes back to a person to whom characteristics of the marten were ascribed (e.g. bold, daring, cunning, see Wolf ). In 1062 the place appears as Merindorf and in 1421 as Merendorf . From this the name Möhrendorf developed over the course of time .

The name Seuuaha (spoken Seewaha , derived from the Old High German term aha ( flowing water ), from which the terms Ache and Bach later emerged) developed first to Sebach , then to Seebach , later to Kleinseebach and refers to the south of the town center of Kleinseebach Seebach river . The Großenseebach , located about nine kilometers west of the Seebach, was also referred to as Sebach when it was first mentioned in 1348 .

The name Seuuaha indicates that Kleinseebach may have been founded as early as the 2nd century and has probably been inhabited continuously since then. The name Merdindorf speaks for a much later founding time of the place Möhrendorf around the 8th century.

Incorporations

The formerly independent community of Kleinseebach was incorporated on July 1, 1971.

Population development

Möhrendorf community

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 2008 2013 2017
Residents 436 556 560 558 580 566 585 590 579 571 534 501 504 536 558 609 646 841 952 1159 1338 1531 3363 4440 4609 4879
Houses 65 83 99 98 104 132 154 245 844 1389
source

Part of the municipality Möhrendorf

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 373 499 519 520 513 435 562 1115 1307 1501 2202
Houses 57 75 89 94 124 147 238 520
source

Attractions

To the green tree
Manor in Oberndorf

The historic center of Möhrendorf is characterized by the massive sandstone construction of the Martinskirche with the surrounding building ensemble , which is partly used by the local government. The church building was rebuilt in its present form in 1672 after being destroyed in the Thirty Years War . To the west of the town center on the main road is a sandstone shrine from around 1500 with a relief of a crucifixion group. As a natural monument protected Sweden pine south of the town center were probably planted in the 17th century.

The town center of Kleinseebach, which is well worth seeing, is a well-preserved farming village typical of the region, with some hundreds of years old buildings, mostly made of sandstone . In Kleinseebach there is a large oak tree and an ancient group of trees that are protected as natural monuments.

Water wheels

Water pumping wheels - in the foreground the forged wheel, in the background the Rinig wheel

A special feature in Möhrendorf are the ten or so water paddle wheels on the Regnitz , which are among the last of their kind in Central Europe . With wooden buckets attached to the wheel, they scoop the warmer and oxygen-rich headwater from the river into a system of channels for irrigation of the fields, making the adjacent meadows particularly productive.

The irrigation enabled three mowings (harvests) of hay and grumble per year instead of one. The water flowed from the bowls (buckets) of the bucket wheel into a wooden gutter and then into an extensive system of ditches. Since one bike could irrigate 8 hectares of meadows from different owners, the watering times of the individual properties were meticulously determined.

The forty-man bike with weir ( wing )

The Möhrendorfer water paddle wheels are already documented for the beginning of the 15th century. In 1805 around 190 such waterwheels were still in operation on the Regnitz between Fürth and Forchheim over a length of approx. 25 kilometers, more than any other river in Central Europe . According to the Baiersdorf water regulations from 1693, which are still partially valid today , these may only be operated from May 1st to September 30th. The massive wooden structures, reminiscent of mill wheels, are nowadays set up by volunteers at the beginning of the summer season and dismantled and stored at the end of the season. (See also Regnitz ).

A stylized water scoop can be found in the municipal coat of arms of Möhrendorf, as well as in the coat of arms of the Erlangen-Höchstadt district .

politics

Municipal council

The municipality council of Möhrendorf consists of the chairman 1st mayor (Thomas Fischer, CSU ) and 16 elected members. The municipal council is elected for six years.

The composition of the local council is based on the local elections on March 16, 2014 . The next election is on March 15, 2020 .

CSU Free voters Green Citizens Forum SPD FDP total
2014 5 4th 3 2 2 16 seats
2020 16 seats

badges and flags

The municipality of Möhrendorf has had a coat of arms since 1985.

Coat of arms of Möhrendorf
 Blazon : "Asix-spoke silver water paddle wheel with six golden buckets (Kümpfen) over a redand black- quartered wave."

White and red municipal flag

Foundation of the coat of arms: Möhrendorf has consisted of the formerly independent communities Möhrendorf and Kleinseebach since 1971. Möhrendorf is famous for its water paddle wheels. The water scoop reminds of this as the central heraldic figure. The crossing of silver and black in the shield base refers to the territorial rule of the Margraves of Brandenburg-Bayreuth . The Wellenschildfuß represents the location of the municipality in Regnitztal and is talking to the place Kleinseebach. The colors red and silver refer to the Nuremberg city arms and refer to the former owners of the Oberndorf manor house, who mostly came from the Nuremberg patriciate .

education

In Möhrendorf there are three kindergartens (sponsored by the Catholic and Protestant parishes and the Paritätischer Wohlfahrtsverband) with a total of around 190 kindergarten places and a primary school with around 200 pupils. An association- sponsored forest kindergarten was opened in autumn 2014. There are also two day nurseries with a total of 4 groups and 60 places. There are also three other pre-kindergartens run by associations. Since autumn 2013, two after-school care groups have been available for the first time.

Churches

St. Laurentius Church in Möhrendorf

Due to lack of space, the Evangelical Lutheran parish no longer holds its services in the historic St. Oswald and St. Martin Church, but in the St. Laurentius Church on Kleinseebacher Straße, which was newly built in 1973. The widely visible free-standing tower ( campanile ) of this church was not added until the early 1990s. Its construction was made possible by a major donation from a mineral oil company from Erlangen and led to considerable resistance in parts of the Möhrendorf population. The disputes over the construction of the tower made headlines nationwide.

The Catholic parish holds its services in the St. Elisabeth Church, southwest of the center, which was consecrated in 1969.

In 2011, 30% of the residents were Catholic and 45% Protestant. The remaining 25% belonged to either another religion or no religion. This means that Möhrendorf has almost the same religious structure as Middle Franconia, but the proportion of Catholic and Protestant Christians is the opposite of that in Bavaria, and religiosity, like in Franconia, is significantly higher than in Germany.

Carillon

The carillon of the St. Laurentius Church consists of 29 bells. Every lunchtime, the automatic system sounds the song "Üb immer Treu und Righteousness", which the founder of the glockenspiel wanted in memory of the Potsdam glockenspiel. Hundreds of different spiritual and secular melodies resound throughout the day and year. The six large chime bells and the small carillon bells can also be played via a piano-like manual. The "buttons" are approximately 40 cm long levers that are struck with the fist. Bell concerts also take place regularly.

Other facilities

Möhrendorf has a supermarket with a post office , a pharmacy , three general practitioners , three dentists , a beverage market as well as a Sparkasse and a Raiffeisenbank branch, a shoe and key service, a fence dealer and various retailers, craft businesses, butchers and bakeries . There are also several inns , restaurants and beer gardens .

The largest employer is the software house imbus AG.

Möhrendorf and Kleinseebach each have their own volunteer fire brigade .

Culture

The former Kleinseebach mill , built in 1839 on the Regnitz , was used as a cabaret theater from 1992 to 2016 under the name Mühlentheater . It was operated and played by Gerd Fischer (cabaret artist) . Theater, musical and cabaret performances as well as cabaret with affiliated gastronomy were offered. The mill is a listed building and consists of the mill, a house and outbuildings. Former Grinding and powder mill, so-called Kleinseebacher Mühle, now Möhrendorfer Mühlentheater: residential building, two-storey sandstone block construction with saddle roof, bat dormers and cornice structure, 1836, probably older in the core, two-storey mill construction, 18th / 19th century. Century; Former loop, after 1900 powder mill, elongated two-storey classicist sandstone block building with three-storey central projection, 1839–42, re. 1839.

traffic

The district road ERH 31 / ER 4 runs to Dechsendorf to state road 2240 (4.5 km southwest) or to junction 30 of federal motorway 73 and on to state road 2244 (1 km southeast) between Baiersdorf (2.25 km northeast) and Bubenreuth ( 0.75 km southwest). The district road ERH 32 runs via Kleinseebach to the district road ERH 5 between Baiersdorf (1.25 km east) and Röttenbach to the state road 2259 (6 km west).

An additional footpath and bicycle path to Bubenreuth has been available since June 2006, which crosses the A73 on a separate bridge. The community road to Erlangen is closed to car traffic and is therefore very popular with cyclists and inline skaters .

The VGN bus route 254 connects Kleinseebach and Möhrendorf with the center and train station of Erlangen (approx. 10-20 minutes travel time). The VGN bus route 252 connects Kleinseebach and Möhrendorf with Bubenreuth and Baiersdorf .

The Main-Danube Canal , which runs through the municipal area , is used on average by around 20 cargo ships and occasionally by excursion ships per day. The paths on both sides of the canal on the dykes towards Fürth / Nuremberg and towards Baiersdorf / Bamberg are used as footpaths and cycle paths.

sons and daughters of the town

  • Wolfgang Heinrich Puchta (1769–1845), legal scholar and judge
  • Paul Ritzer (1870–1951), co-founder of the German Metalworkers' Association, the predecessor of IG Metall
  • Michael Ritzer (1904–1997), toolmaker, trade unionist, politician, holder of the Federal Cross of Merit

literature

Web links

Commons : Möhrendorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Community Möhrendorf in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 27, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 149f.
  4. ^ HH Hofmann, p. 149.
    Address and statistical handbook for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 49 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ HH Hofmann, p. 140.
  6. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 772 ( digitized version ).
  7. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 458 .
  8. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 2017 as residential buildings.
  9. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 60 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Möhrendorf plus the residents and buildings of Oberndorf (p. 68).
  10. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 91 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 170 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  12. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1016 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1182 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1113 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1180 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1218 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1051 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 173 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 335 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b c LfStat : Möhrendorf: Official statistics. In: statistik.bayern.de. Pp. 6 and 12 , accessed on November 6, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Bucket wheels and meadows, in: Stadt-Land-Fluss, Erlangen and the Regnitz
  22. ↑ Entry on the Möhrendorf coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  23. ↑ Möhrendorf. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved July 8, 2020 .
  24. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erlangen-evangelisch.de
  25. ↑ 2011 census: religious affiliation
  26. ↑ 2011 census: comparison with Bavaria and Germany
  27. ↑ Church of St.Laurentius - carillon
  28. ↑ Erlanger Nachrichten: The last curtain in the mill theater has fallen.