Recker Moor
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Recker Moor nature reserve
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 Bog areas with fruiting cotton grass and the Schnepfenturm |
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| location | Recke , Steinfurt district , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| surface | 3.446 km² | |
| Identifier | ST-036 | |
| WDPA ID | 165119 | |
| Natura 2000 ID | [http://www.naturschutzinformationen-nrw.de/natura2000-meldedok/de/fachinfo/listen/meldedok/DE-3612-301 DE-3612-301 DE-3612-301 ] | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 23 ' N , 7 ° 46' E | |
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| Setup date | 1971 | |
| particularities | Part of the EU bird sanctuary " Düsterdieker Niederung " | |
The Recker Moor is a 3.45 km² nature reserve in Tecklenburger country northeast of Recke in the peasantry Langenacker. Together with the Mettinger Moor it forms the FFH area "Mettinger und Recker Moor" (FHH area number 3612-301, size approx. 426 ha). It is one of the best preserved moor areas in North Rhine-Westphalia .
The nature reserve "Recker Moor" is a remnant of the former 50 km² large "Vinter Moor", whose development into a high moor began about 5000 years ago. Peat removal , drainage and agricultural use almost led to the complete disappearance of the up to 3 m deep bog, before the Recker part was placed under nature protection in 1971. The immediately adjacent Mettinger Moor followed in 1986.
In the Recker Moor, the original high moor vegetation can still be found, in which peat growth has started again, while the Mettinger Moor largely consists of wet meadows and moor birch forest . The area offers a variety of plant and bird species a habitat, including many threatened species such as teal , common snipe , black godwit , curlew , wagtail and whinchat . The extremely rare soft peat moss ( Sphagnum molle ) is said to be among the nine native species of peat moss .
The nature reserve is part of the EU bird sanctuary " Düsterdieker Niederung "
Surname
Originally the entire moor was called Vinter Moor or, in some writings, Espeler Moor. The original moor covered large parts of Neuenkirchen , Recke and Mettingen. With the increasing cultivation of the remaining moor areas, the designations Recker Moor for the remaining moor in the area of the municipality of Recke and the Mettinger Moor for the wet meadows in the Mettinger municipality were created. Since almost all of the now intact moor areas are concentrated on Recke, the term Recker Moor is now used.
Origin and cultivation of peatlands
The Vinter Moor emerged from a pine - birch - quarry forest about 6000 years ago . Until around 1700 the moorland grew without being disturbed by human influences, and at this time it reached its greatest extent of about 50 km². The destruction of the moor area then began with the first hand peat digs and the culture of the peat fire . The cut peat was used as litter or for heating, and buckwheat was grown on the bog fire areas .
With the construction of the moor canal in 1870, which discharges the water from the moor towards Hopsten , cultivation was accelerated extremely. Now, for the first time, the moorland could be systematically drained over a large area. During the First World War, the drainage network was greatly enlarged by captured soldiers. This measure was later continued by the unemployed and culminated in 1926 with the completion of the Moorhufendorf Rothertshausen in the middle of the moor.
After the construction of drainage ditches, connecting ditches were dug and the area was made arable using the German raised bog culture. Clay pipes were laid at a depth of 80 cm to aid drainage. The vegetation was removed from the ground cover, the surface was rolled and fertilized with lime, phosphate and copper slag. From 1916 to 1926, 25 settlers and their families settled in Rothershausen.
In the Recker and Mettinger area, mainly only south of the moor canal, the moorland was converted into arable land or grassland. In the northern area, the Mettinger peat factory had been active since 1919. During and especially after the Second World War, the removal of peat by hand increased again strongly. Despite the nearby Ibbenbüren mine , the peat was an important fuel in the region in times of need. In 1939 the border ditch was drawn on the state border.
From 1951 to 1954 the mammoth plow from Ottomeyer was in use in Recke and Mettingen. In the area of the municipality of Neuenkirchen, moorland was deeply plowed at a later date.
Peat works
Mettinger peat industry
The Mettinger peat plant was put into operation in 1919. Its mining areas were mainly concentrated in the area of the municipality of Mettingen but also in Recke. The extraction of peat expanded to such an extent that in 1952 already peat areas were afforested or converted into arable and grassland.
Already in the 1960s there was a concern on the part of nature conservationists to put the remaining bog areas under protection. On July 6, 1969, the peat factory partially burned down. The engine house and a tower were destroyed by flames. However, after the damage to the value of 250,000 DM had been repaired, the peat factory went back into operation. In 1974 the peat extraction by the Mettinger peat factory ended, its owner had a fatal accident in the moor. Today, only the bus stop testifies Torfwerk of the former plant.
Vinter peat industry
The peat factory Vinter peat industry was put into operation in 1930. It mainly produced litter and fertilizer peat. In 1991 the peat factory ceased operations. The remaining, former mining area has since been fallow and is now heavily overgrown with birch trees.
Peat cutter memorial
On May 20, 2009, the peat cutter memorial of the Recke local history association was inaugurated on Rothershausener Strasse. It is intended to commemorate the time after the Second World War, when many stretcher bars cut peat in the bog to get fuel. The local history researcher Werner Heukamp gave the idea for the memorial . The artistic design was implemented by Josef Struck.
See also
literature
- Annette Kleinert, Maria Spahn, Louis Stüve, Horst Michaelis, Bernard Haaler, Antonius Schlüter et al .: Recke. A village is changing . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei, Ibbenbüren 1983, ISBN 3-921290-07-4 , pp. 157-170.
- Annette Kleinert, Manfred Wolf, Robert Herkenhoff, Meinolf Peters, Bernard Haaler et al .: Recke 1189–1989. Contributions to history . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei, Ibbenbüren 1989, ISBN 3-921290-07-4 , pp. 289-300.
- Werner Heukamp : Unnerwäggens düör Riecke, Steinbeck, Espel. About people and events - told in high and low German . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei, Ibbenbüren 2001, ISBN 3-932959-22-1 , pp. 22-24.
- Werner Heukamp : Unnerwäggens düör Riecke. About people and events - told in high and low German . Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei, Ibbenbüren 2010, ISBN 978-3-941607-11-8 , pp. 153–154.
- F. Runge: The natural monuments. Nature and landscape protection areas of the Steinfurt district . District of Steinfurt, Steinfurt 1982.
Web links
- Nature reserve “Recker Moor” (ST-036) in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
- Natura 2000 area DE-3612-301 in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia
- Information from the Tecklenburger Land Conservation Group about the Recker Moor
- Information about the moor of the association Biologische Station Kreis Steinfurt
- Photos by the Recker nature photographer Felix Büscher
- Peat track of the Vinte peat factory
- Ride on the peat train
- PDF of the Antl to the Recker Moor
Individual evidence
- ^ "Recker Moor" nature reserve (ST-036) in the specialist information system of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia , accessed on March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Natura 2000 areas in North Rhine-Westphalia , accessed on January 31, 2016.
- ↑ William Decking: "The Recker Moor" In Stretch - A village is changing. P. 157
- ↑ http://www.antl-ev.de/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/20.pdf Timeline for the moor
- ↑ Ulrich Harte: The Recker Moor - history of a landscape. In Recke 1189-1989, p. 294
- ↑ http://www.noz.de/artikel/1445162/rothertshausen-ist-75-jahre-alt Moordorf Rothershausen is 75 years old
- ↑ Ulrich Harte: The Recker Moor - history of a landscape. In Recke 1189-1989, p. 295
- ↑ https://archiv.ivz-aktuell.de/index4.php?id=17584&pageno=7 IVZ on Monday, July 7, 1969: "Mettinger peat plant destroyed by fire"
- ↑ Arend Thiermann: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia, explanations for Batt 3612 Mettingen, p. 121