Rudník (Košice-okolie)
| Rudník | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| coat of arms | map | ||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Slovakia | ||
| Kraj : | Košický kraj | ||
| Okres : | Košice-okolie | ||
| Region : | Košice | ||
| Area : | 23 km² | ||
| Residents : | 626 (Dec. 31, 2019) | ||
| Population density : | 27 inhabitants per km² | ||
| Height : | 314 m nm | ||
| Postal code : | 044 21 | ||
| Telephone code : | 0 55 | ||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 41 ′ N , 21 ° 0 ′ E | ||
| License plate : | KS | ||
| Kód obce : | 521949 | ||
| structure | |||
| Community type : | local community | ||
| Administration (as of November 2018) | |||
| Mayor : | Oľga Kormošová | ||
| Address: | Obecný úrad Rudník c. 205 044 23 Post Office Jasov |
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| Website: | www.obecrudnik.sk | ||
| Statistics information on statistics.sk | |||
Rudník (Hungarian: Rudnok ; until 1927 Slovak: Rudno ) is a municipality in eastern Slovakia with 626 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). It is located in Okres Košice-okolie , a part of Košický kraj .
geography
The municipality is located about 20 kilometers west of the city of Košice . The 23 km² large municipal area extends from the eastern foothills of the Volovecer Mountains as part of the Slovak Ore Mountains in the north to the fertile hills of the foothills. The mountainous northern part of the municipality, built on granite and porphyry, is covered by dense mixed forests. Heights of over 550 m above sea level are reached here ( Kobylia hora , 882 m nm , Podkova , 569 m nm ), while the center of the village of Rudník is 314 m above sea level. The western part of the municipality is also covered by forests, while the village of Rudník is located on a cleared island that extends as far as the Bodva in the southeast .
,_pohlad_na_obec.jpg)
Some mountain streams flow through the municipality in a north-west-south-east direction, which flow together in Cecejovský potok and drain to the Ida .
The neighboring municipalities of Rudník are Zlatá Idka in the north, Hýľov in the northeast, Nováčany in the east, Paňovce in the southeast, Debraď in the south, Jasov in the west and Poproč in the northwest.
history
First written records of Rudník date back to 1255 when the Hungarian King Bela IV. The privileges of the nearby Premonstratensian - monastery Jasov renewed, during the Mongol invasion had been lost. A few years earlier, the king had been defeated from the battle of Muhi on his way via Pressburg to Dalmatia. In the annals of the monastery, which was founded around 1170, there is talk of populi de Rodnuk ( people from Rudník ), so that it can be assumed that the village already existed when the monastery was founded.
The original population was Slavic; Hungarian settlers came to the Rudník area later. The name of the village and the village stream of the same name can be traced back to the Slovak word ruda for ore . In addition to panning for gold, iron ore mining was one of the main sources of income in medieval Rudník. In the 14th century mining became more intensive, not least due to the influx of German-speaking colonists who brought new extraction processes with them.
In the sources from 1255 there is also a place called Myhluk , which may have been in what is now the southeastern municipality. Later the name no longer appeared in connection with the existence as a settlement and it is assumed that it is an abandoned village location or a field name. The Myhluk corridor only reappears in 1487, when disputes over horses and undeveloped land between farmers from Mokrance and Veľká Ida were settled.
In 1427 21 taxable farms were shown for Rudník, in 1553 18½ farms, 1570 eight inhabited and three uninhabited farms, in 1696 32 farms and in 1715 there were an additional 14 serf families. Finally, an 1828 census showed 155 houses with 1,162 inhabitants. Agriculture, forestry, charcoal burning and iron ore mining have long been the main sources of income for the residents of Rudník. The ore was brought to the smelters in neighboring Zlatá Idka . Many residents also hired themselves as potters in Jasov or worked in the mills in Medzev .
In the time of the Turkish threat from the 14th to the 17th century, Rudník and the surrounding villages were protected by a rock castle in Jasov.
In 1837 Rudnik was a Slovak village with 1146 Catholics; Until 1882 the village belonged to the Abov County , the parish was part of the Diocese in Rožňava . For the year 1907 780 inhabitants in 149 houses were given. In 1848 70% of the economically active population were woodcutters or charcoal burners and only 30% were employed in agriculture.
With the end of the First World War, the monarchy disappeared and the influx of Hungarians also came to a standstill. On January 9, 1918, the Czechoslovak army marched into Rudník. The names of the nine fallen from Rudník are engraved on a marble plaque at the entrance to the church.
Until the Treaty of Trianon the village belonged to Abaúj-Torna County in the Kingdom of Hungary , from then on Rudník belonged to Czechoslovakia like all places in Abaúj-Torna County . After the First Vienna Arbitration , these communities were again in Hungary from 1938 to 1945, with Rudník and Poproč not coming to Hungary until the beginning of 1939.
Rudník as a health resort
A description of the mineral water extracted in Rudník, written in Latin by the medical officer Henrik Mayer, dates from 1762 . It was called " Thermographic Research of Rudník Gold Mineral Baths ". In addition to gold, the components of water also included red mercury sulfide , iron sulfate and a high concentration of antimony . The study, which is divided into 16 sections, also describes the source rivers of the upper Ida as the area of origin , which gold panners have been looking for for a long time. With regard to medical applications, it is stated that the water is suitable for blood poisoning, leprosy, ulcers, scurvy, syphilis, epilepsy, nervous diseases, stomach cramps and colic. After the modest beginnings of a spa (drinking hall), the well-to-do spa guests relocated their stays to the more easily accessible spa in Štós ( Štós-kúpele ) , which was founded further west in 1883 .
population
According to the results of the 2001 census, Rudník had 623 inhabitants, including those
- 96% Slovaks and
- 0.64% Hungary
93.1% of the residents professed their support for the Roman Catholic Church, 1.3% for the Greek Catholic Church.
Attractions
- Roman Catholic Parish Church of St. George ( Rímskokatolícky kostol sv. Juraja )
Economy and Infrastructure
Forestry has always played the most important role in Rudník. In addition to agriculture and gradually developing tourism, there are jobs for commuters in the industry in and around Košice and in the nearby towns of Jasov and Moldova nad Bodvou.
Road 548 ( Cesta II. Triedy ) runs through the municipality from Košice to Jasov . Another road leads from Rudník to Zlatá Idka .
swell
- ↑ Part I ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Part II ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and
- ↑ Part III ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the history abstract on obecrudnik.sk (Slovak)
- ↑ Rudnícke kúpele on obecrudnik.sk ( Memento of the original from March 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Slovak)
- ↑ Statistical data on statistics.sk/mosmis ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Slovak)
Web links
- Community presentation (Slovak)
- Rudník on obce.info.sk (Slovak)