Berlin agglomeration

map
Federal states	Berlin (completely), Brandenburg (partially)
surface	3,743.21 km²
Residents	4,666,175 (December 31, 2019)
Population density	1,237 inhabitants / km²
administrative structure	2 urban districts , 49 urban districts and municipalities

The agglomeration of Berlin (also: the agglomeration of Berlin ) consists of the city of Berlin and its immediate surroundings . The states of Berlin and Brandenburg also see it as an official planning region. Characteristic of this agglomeration is a strongly disparate settlement structure. In the sparsely populated area, the population is mainly concentrated on the lines of the S-Bahn network and other rail routes.

With almost 4.7 million inhabitants, it is the largest German agglomeration after the Ruhr area ; around 79% of its residents live in the city of Berlin. The part of the agglomeration outside the urban area of ​​Berlin is often referred to as the Berlin area or, colloquially, the Berlin bacon belt .

history

Since the State Development Plan 2007 came into force on February 1, 2008 and the State Development Plan Berlin-Brandenburg (LEP B-BB) on May 15, 2009, the term city-surrounding area Berlin-Potsdam has been used for the area consisting of Berlin, Potsdam and the surrounding communities.

structure

The region is characterized by strong spatial disparities . In its function as the federal capital and metropolitan center of the region, Berlin is surrounded by a suburban metropolitan area with a partly rural character. The Brandenburg state capital Potsdam is the only major city in the Berlin area. More than 82 percent of the total population of the agglomeration live in Berlin and Potsdam. In the periphery it is mainly suburban settlements, small and medium-sized towns that shape the settlement structure.

Demarcation

Most important places in the agglomeration ( upper and middle centers )

Population density in the metropolitan area Berlin / Brandenburg (districts Berlin and municipalities)

The area referred to as the Berlin-Potsdam city-surrounding area consists of the city of Berlin and 50 other cities and municipalities in the surrounding area , which are defined in the Berlin-Brandenburg state development plan of March 31, 2009. The city-surrounding area has a population of 4.67 million inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) on an area of ​​3,743.21 km². The population density is 1,237 inhabitants per square kilometer. The area has a radius of around 35 kilometers and shows a growing population. Outside the city of Berlin, around 997,000 people live there in an area of ​​2,851.46 km². In detail, the following cities and municipalities belong to the city-surrounding area (data from December 31, 2019):

local community	district	Pop.	km²	E / km²
Potsdam	independent city	180.334	187.52	962
Brieselang	Havelland	12,193	44.39	275
Dallgow-Döberitz	Havelland	10,019	65.96	152
Falkensee	Havelland	43,994	43.30	1,016
Schönwalde-Glien	Havelland	9,864	96.64	102
Wustermark	Havelland	9,617	52.64	183
Birkenwerder	Oberhavel	8,133	18.10	449
Glienicke / Northern Railway	Oberhavel	12,358	4.60	2,687
Hennigsdorf	Oberhavel	26,345	31.29	842
Hohen Neuendorf	Oberhavel	26,283	48.10	546
Lee break	Oberhavel	6,920	6.44	1,075
Mühlenbecker Land	Oberhavel	15.308	52.34	292
Oberkrämer	Oberhavel	11,727	103.26	114
Oranienburg	Oberhavel	44,862	161.81	277
Velten	Oberhavel	12,179	23.34	522
Ahrensfelde	Barnim	13,843	57.74	240
Bernau near Berlin	Barnim	40,031	103.73	386
Panke Valley	Barnim	20,596	25.82	798
Wandlitz	Barnim	23,127	162.86	142
Werneuchen	Barnim	9,162	116.32	79
Altlandsberg	Märkisch-Oderland	9,526	106.23	90
Fredersdorf-Vogelsdorf	Märkisch-Oderland	14,109	16.39	861
Hoppegarten	Märkisch-Oderland	18,079	31.89	567
Neuenhagen near Berlin	Märkisch-Oderland	18,657	19.63	950
Petershagen / Eggersdorf	Märkisch-Oderland	15,327	17.60	871
Rüdersdorf near Berlin	Märkisch-Oderland	15,812	70.13	225
Strausberg	Märkisch-Oderland	26,853	67.77	396
Erkner	Oder-Spree	11,856	16.59	715
Gosen-Neu Zittau	Oder-Spree	3,239	15.08	215
Grünheide (Mark)	Oder-Spree	8,755	125.96	70
Schöneiche near Berlin	Oder-Spree	12,789	16.64	769
Woltersdorf	Oder-Spree	8,302	9.12	910
Eichwalde	Dahme-Spreewald	6,420	2.80	2,293
King Wusterhausen	Dahme-Spreewald	37,639	95.84	393
Mittenwalde	Dahme-Spreewald	9,269	98.48	94
Schönefeld	Dahme-Spreewald	16,270	81.59	199
Schulzendorf	Dahme-Spreewald	8,441	9.10	928
Wildau	Dahme-Spreewald	10,404	9.10	1,143
Zeuthen	Dahme-Spreewald	11,427	12.65	903
Blankenfelde-Mahlow	Teltow-Fläming	27,939	54.89	509
Large berries	Teltow-Fläming	8,535	51.91	164
Ludwigsfelde	Teltow-Fläming	26,800	109.32	245
Rangsdorf	Teltow-Fläming	11,369	33.73	337
Kleinmachnow	Potsdam-Mittelmark	20,376	11.94	1,707
Michendorf	Potsdam-Mittelmark	13.134	68.51	192
Nuthetal	Potsdam-Mittelmark	9,072	47.56	191
Schwielowsee	Potsdam-Mittelmark	10,705	58.16	184
Stahnsdorf	Potsdam-Mittelmark	15,371	49.09	313
Teltow	Potsdam-Mittelmark	26,902	21.54	1,249
Werder (Havel)	Potsdam-Mittelmark	26,412	116.02	228
Berlin area		996.684	2851.46	350

The remainder of the state of Brandenburg is known as the “wider metropolitan area”, but with an area of ​​26,627.15 km² and only 1.53 million inhabitants, it is much more rural and is partly characterized by migration losses. With 57 inhabitants per square kilometer, the wider metropolitan area is one of the most sparsely populated regions in Germany.

See also : List of places in the Berlin area

Population development

date Residents 12/31/2003 4,233,792 December 31, 2004 4,245,868 December 31, 2005 4,264,910 December 31, 2006 4,283,206 12/31/2007 4,303,790 December 31, 2008 4,326,745 December 31, 2009 4,343,821 December 31, 2010 4,368,217 December 31, 2011 4,229,042 December 31, 2012 4,285,902 December 31, 2013 4,341,592 December 31, 2015 4,469,439 December 31, 2018 4,628,850 December 31, 2019 4,666,175

The population growth of the agglomeration was approx. 0.6% in 2019.

Further room delimitations

→ Main article : spatial planning

Greater Berlin

The former city of Berlin was united by law in 1920 with various neighboring cities, rural communities and manor districts to form the unified community of Greater Berlin , which is today's city of Berlin. As a result of smaller area swaps, the urban area has changed only slightly since then , regardless of the division into East and West Berlin during the time of German division .

"Berliner Ring"

Around 4.1 million people live within the Berlin motorway ring on an area of ​​around 2,150 km² (population density: approx. 1,900 inhabitants per km²).

Metropolitan area

→ Main article : metropolitan area  and BIK (key figure)

The BIK Aschpurwis + Behrens GmbH understands in its spatial classification system (BIK regions) on the basis of the data of employees subject to social insurance under the metropolitan area Berlin the following area: Berlin with the above. Surrounding communities, but without Strausberg, Mittenwalde, Nuthetal, Michendorf, Schwielowsee, Potsdam and Werder (Havel), but including Höhenland . 4.09 million people live there on an area of ​​3,333 km². Including the Potsdam city region (Potsdam, Werder, Schwielowsee, Michendorf, Nuthetal, Beelitz and Seddiner See) the area is 3,946 km², the population is 4.32 million.

Tighter interdependence

Until 2007, the metropolitan region of Berlin was understood to mean the “narrower interwoven area”, consisting of Berlin, its immediate surroundings and the neighboring communities of Ketzin / Havel , Nauen , Kremmen , Fürstenwalde / Spree , Rauen , Spreenhagen , Heidesee , Bestensee , Zossen , Trebbin , Seddiner See , Beelitz and Groß Kreutz (Havel) . It is an area of ​​64 municipalities (including Berlin), in which a total of 4.47 million inhabitants live on an area of ​​5,320 km². With the entry into force of the State Development Plan 2007 on February 1, 2008 and the State Development Plan Berlin-Brandenburg (LEP B-BB) on May 15, 2009, the “narrower interwoven area” no longer plays a role in the official planning, neither in terms of its terminology nor in its extent and was replaced by the more narrowly defined "city-surrounding area Berlin-Potsdam".

Metropolitan area

The Federal Institute for Building, Urban and Spatial Research (BBSR) divides metropolitan regions into the four categories of center, area supplementary to the center, narrower commuter area and wider commuter area. The division takes place on the basis of community associations ( called offices in Brandenburg ) depending on the number of commuters. In the case of Berlin, the supplementary area includes Panketal, Eichwalde, Schönefeld, Schulzendorf, Wildau, Zeuthen, Falkensee, Fredersdorf-Vogelsdorf, Hoppegarten, Neuenhagen near Berlin, Petershagen / Eggersdorf, Glienicke / Nordbahn, Hennigsdorf, Erkner, Schöneiche near Berlin, Woltersdorf, Kleinmachnow, Teltow and Großbeeren (a total of 1,325 km² area and 3.71 million inhabitants).

The closer commuting area of ​​Berlin (including Potsdam) essentially corresponds to the limits of the above. closer interlinked area, only without the non-official cities / communities Fürstenwalde (Spree), Zossen and Groß Kreutz (Havel) (area: 4,971 km², population: 4.42 million). The latter three municipalities as well as the offices of Biesenthal-Barnim , Schenkenländchen , Friesack , Märkische Schweiz , Gransee and municipalities , Scharmützelsee , Brück , Niemegk and the unofficial cities / municipalities Müncheberg , Liebenwalde , Löwenberger Land , Zehdenick , Storkow (Mark) , Bad Belzig , Treuenbrietzen , Am Mellensee , Baruth / Mark , Jüterbog , Luckenwalde and Nuthe-Urstromtal are also part of the commuter area (area: 9,452 km², population: 4.65 million).

Larger urban region

The " Larger Urban Zone " ( English : Larger Urban Zone - definition according to Eurostat ) includes the city of Berlin, the neighboring districts of Barnim , Dahme-Spreewald , Havelland , Märkisch-Oderland , Oberhavel , Oder-Spree , Potsdam-Mittelmark and Teltow-Fläming as well as the independent city of Potsdam . Since Eurostat delimits the region based on the number of commuters (over 10%) at the district level, municipalities in the districts that are far from the capital are also included in the area, while the closer independent cities of Brandenburg an der Havel and Frankfurt (Oder) represent two enclaves in the area of ​​the region . The area covers an area of ​​17,385 km² and has a population of 5.0 million.

Agglomeration area

→ Main article : agglomeration

In contrast to the urban region according to Eurostat, the two cities Brandenburg (Havel) and Frankfurt (Oder) are included as western and eastern borders in the agglomeration of Berlin according to the classification of the BBSR. Accordingly, the area is 17,762 km² and the population is 5.13 million.

Metropolitan area

→ Main article : Metropolitan area Berlin / Brandenburg

The metropolitan region Berlin / Brandenburg , also known as the capital region Berlin-Brandenburg, comprises the federal states of Berlin and Brandenburg and has an area of ​​30,370.36 km² and a population of 6,004,857 (as of December 31, 2015). With 198 inhabitants per square kilometer, the population density is below the national average.

Overview of the room boundaries

designation population surface Population density use City of Berlin 3,520,031 891.75 km² 3,948 official statistics Center with supplementary area 3,713,636 1,325.25 km² 2,802 BBSR Metropolitan area (excluding Potsdam) 4,092,082 3,332.63 km² 1,228 BIK Metropolitan area (with Potsdam) 4,324,045 3,946.26 km² 1,096 BIK City-surrounding area 4,469,439 3,743.21 km² 1,194 official statistics Tighter commuter area 4,415,719 4,971.31 km² 888 BBSR Another commuting area 4,649,700 9,380.78 km² 496 BBSR Larger urban region 5,005,216 17,385.19 km² 288 Eurostat Agglomeration area 5,134,266 17,761.60 km² 289 BBSR Metropolitan area 6,004,857 30,370.36 km² 198 official statistics

See also

• Berlin-Brandenburg

Web links

• Joint state planning department Berlin-Brandenburg: Capital region Berlin-Brandenburg
• Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg: Statistics on Berlin and Brandenburg
• Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment Berlin: City Knowledge and Data

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg: Population figures for the city of Berlin and the communities in Brandenburg
2. ↑ Administrative structure of the capital region ( Memento from October 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ The relationship between the city and the surrounding area of ​​Berlin and Potsdam ( Memento from September 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
4. ↑ ^{a b} Spatial Planning Report 2008 ( Memento from October 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 12.3 MB)
5. ↑ ^{a b} Berlin metropolitan region according to the old definition: narrower interwoven area
6. ^ Journal for Official Statistics 4/2010: Territorial divisions in Brandenburg
7. ↑ BIK regions and areas of integration
8. ↑ Ongoing city observation - spatial delimitation ( memento from April 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
9. ↑ Comparability of Larger Urban Zones ( Memento from November 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
10. ^ Settlement structural region types of the BBSR ( Memento from September 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive )