Eslohe (Sauerland)
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Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ' N , 8 ° 10' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Arnsberg | |
| Circle : | Hochsauerlandkreis | |
| Height : | 310 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 113.35 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8811 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 78 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 59889 | |
| Area code : | 02973 | |
| License plate : | HSK | |
| Community key : | 05 9 58 016 | |
| LOCODE : | EN MARRIAGE | |
| Community structure: | 4 districts or city districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Schultheißstraße 2 59889 Eslohe |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Stephan Kersting ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the community Eslohe (Sauerland) in the Hochsauerland district | ||
 _in_HSK.svg) |
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Eslohe (Sauerland) is a municipality in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany and belongs to the Hochsauerlandkreis . The community is a state-approved climatic health resort .
geography
Geographical location
Eslohe is located in the central Sauerland on the border between the Hochsauerlandkreis and the Olpe district, about 13.5 km as the crow flies southwest of Meschede. The area of the community is almost entirely in the Sauerland-Rothaargebirge nature park . The hilly low mountain range is traversed by numerous rivers, which with a few exceptions flow to the Wenne . It is the largest river in the municipality and flows through the municipality from south to north. It enters the municipality south of Lochtrop and leaves it again at Gut Blessenohl after flowing through the Wenholthausen district . Here is at 263 m above sea level. NN the lowest point in the municipality. To the northeast of the Eslohe district, the Wenne takes on the Salwey coming from the west . This makes a loop on the northern outskirts of Eslohe and picks up the Esselbach coming from the south , which comes from Cobbenrode and flows through the core town of Eslohe. The villages of Ober- and Niedersalwey and Sieperting are located on the upper reaches of the Salwey. The Homert , a ridge on which 656.1 m above sea level, extends north of the river . NN height is the highest point of the municipality.
geology
Geologically speaking, Eslohe is located on the western edge of the East Sauerland main saddle on slate rock formations that mainly come from the Central Devonian. This can be seen in two old quarries. One of them is located west of the town center on the Steltenberg and is very rich in fossils. The other is located east of Eslohe in front of the Bremke district.
Expansion of the urban area
The municipality extends over 16 km in a north-south direction from Gut Blessenohl in the north to Herrscheid in the south. In a west-east direction it extends from Kohlhölzchen in the west to the western slope of the Goldenes Strauch in the east over 16.5 km. Of the 113.3650 km² municipal area, 55.4185 km² are forest and 45.5962 km² are agricultural areas. Traffic areas take up 6.9467 km² and building and open space 4.2942 km².
Neighboring communities
| Sundern | Meschede | |
| Finnentrop |
|
Schmallenberg |
| Lennestadt | ||
Eslohe borders Sundern in the north-west, Meschede in the north, and Schmallenberg in the east . Like Eslohe, these cities belong to the Hochsauerlandkreis . In the south the municipality borders on Lennestadt and in the west on Finnentrop , which belong to the Olpe district . The center of the district town of Meschede is about 13.5 km as the crow flies northeast of Eslohe.
Community structure
Until the local reorganization in North Rhine-Westphalia, the communities Eslohe, Cobbenrode, Reiste and Wenholthausen existed independently within the scope of the Eslohe office. In 1975, the new community Eslohe (Sauerland) was formed from these communities together with other incorporated places such as Schwartmecke, Leckmart and Dormecke.
- Eslohe
- Bockheim
- Bremscheid
- Dormecke
- Frielinghausen
- House Wenne
- Hengsbeck
- Cough
- Isingheim
- Kückelheim
- Larmecke
- Ludingheim
- Lochtrop
- Niedersalwey
- Niedermarpe
- Obersalwey
- Sallinghausen
- Sieperting
- Cobbenrode
- Glamke
- Henninghausen
- Herscheid
- Stallion drawer
- Leckmart
- Netherlandsbeck
- Obermarpe
- Oberlandenbeck
- Schwartmecke
- Stertberg
- Traveled
- Bremke
- Beisinghausen
- Büemke
- Büenfeld
- Fredebeil
- Herhagen
- Landenbeck
- Lohof
- Notinghausen
- Wilhelmshöhe
- Wenholthausen
- Blessenohl
- A mountain
- Friedrichstal
- Oesterberge
history
Settlement in the Eslohe area took place in the 9th century at the latest. The first parish was probably a daughter church of the original parish of Wormbach . It was founded in the second half of the 9th century. In 1072 the transfer to the Grafschaft monastery took place . Since the 13th century, the pastors were provided by the Meschede monastery .
The origin of the community Eslohe goes back to the amalgamation of the inhabitants of the parish Eslohe to a common parish court. The place was first mentioned in documents in 1204 as a knight seat of the von Esleven family. Eslohe belonged to the county of Arnsberg until 1368 . With the sale of the county of Arnsberg to the Archbishop of Cologne, Eslohe became part of the Electorate of Cologne. In the Electoral Cologne period, the place was the seat of an office that comprised several courts.
From the beginning until the 16th century Eslohe belonged together with Schliprüthen and Reiste as Niederamt to the Amt Fredeburg . In the 16th century there was a copper hammer here, which probably got its ore from the Kupferberg near Meinkenbracht .
During the Thirty Years' War the residents of the Eslohe court complained to the government in Arnsberg in 1636 about billeting and marching through by allied imperial and electoral Saxon troops.
In 1802 Eslohe came to Hessen-Darmstadt with the occupation of the Duchy of Westphalia. In 1807 the Brilon Mining Authority was relocated here and merged with the Olpe Mining Authority in 1811. At the beginning of the Prussian era, Eslohe became the seat of the new Eslohe district in 1819 , but lost this position to the city of Meschede only six months later . From 1826 to 1828 the engineer and bridge builder Johann August Röbling lived and worked in Eslohe. A plaque on today's Volksbank reminds of his life and work.
From 1831 a stagecoach from Meschede and Reiste led through the town and continued via Cobbenrode and Ödingen to Grevenbrück. From 1851 it ran daily on this route.
During the Second World War , Eslohe was occupied by American troops on April 10, 1945. Two months later the place came under British administration until December 1946. On January 1st, 1975 the new community Eslohe was formed.
Population development
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Resident Eslohe 1975–2013
(Source: State Office for Data Processing and Statistics NRW and www.eslohe.de ) |
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| year | Residents |
| 1975 | 8254 |
| 1978 | 8400 |
| 1990 | 8862 |
| 1995 | 9311 |
| 2000 | 9289 |
| 2001 | 9344 |
| 2002 | 9342 |
| 2003 | 9344 |
| 2004 | 9265 |
| 2005 | 9259 |
| 2006 | 9270 |
| 2007 | 9226 |
| 2008 | 9201 |
| 2009 | 9157 |
| 2010 | 9149 |
| 2012 | 8936 |
| 2013 | 8984 |
Religions
Almost 80% of the population are Catholic, about 10% are Protestant and another 9% belong to another religious / religious community or are non-denominational.
politics
Municipal council
The 32 seats of the city council were distributed as follows after the last two local elections :
| CDU | SPD | FDP | total | |
| 2014 | 20th | 7th | 5 | 32 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 19th | 6th | 7th | 32 |
mayor
The economist Stephan Kersting (* 1961) (CDU) was elected mayor in 2009 and re-elected in 2014. The predecessor was Reinhold Weber.
coat of arms
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Blazon : Split by blue and silver (white), in front a half silver (white) eagle with a red tongue, behind a half curved black tip. Description: The two-part coat of arms shows on one side a (half) silver eagle on a blue background as an indication of belonging to the former county of Arnsberg . The curved black tip on the other side represents the noble family von Weichs, who still live in Eslohe today . This held the office of Drosten for a long time during the Electorate of Cologne. Official approval took place on April 20, 1976. |
Until the municipal reorganization, the municipality had the following coat of arms:
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Blazon : In silver an upright black lance, covered with a crossed black key and black sword. Description: The key and sword are symbols of the holy apostles Peter and Paul. These are patrons of the parish church of Eslohe. The lance symbolizes the former Gogericht Eslohe. Silver and black express the former affiliation with Kurköln. Official approval took place on June 24, 1966. |
Town twinning
The community Eslohe (Sauerland) maintains a town partnership with the town of Kisbér in Hungary.
nature and environment
Since May 20, 2008 there has been a landscape plan for the Esloh municipality in which the areas outside the built-up districts and the scope of a development plan have been designated as a landscape protection area, provided that there is no higher protection status such as a nature reserve (NSG). The landscape protection areas are divided into types A, B and C, in which different requirements for the protection of nature must be observed. In the landscape protection area type A, general landscape protection , the erection of buildings is prohibited. In type B, locations on the outskirts and in the character of a landscape , first afforestation, including new Christmas tree cultures, is prohibited. In the case of type C, meadow valleys and significant extensive grassland, there is also a ban on converting grassland and fallow grassland. Of the type A landscape protection area, there is only the large Eslohe landscape protection area in the municipality , which consists of 38 sub-areas with 7589 hectares (ha). Type B has 35 areas with a total of 1890.8 ha, which are between 1.2 and 279.3 ha in size. With type C there are 43 areas with 825.1 ha, which are between 1.1 and 87.8 ha in size. Most of the municipality is in the Homert Nature Park . There are a total of 12 nature reserves of different sizes from 1 ha to 94.5 ha, with a total of 207.7 ha. The largest NSG is the Wennetal with 94.5 ha. The delimitation is almost identical to the delimitation of the European protected areas ( FFH- Areas ) designated area Wenne, which also extends into the urban area of Meschede. In the municipal area there are also 63 protected landscape components (LB), mostly woody plants, with approx. 54 ha, 235 legally protected biotopes , mostly spring areas and rivers, which are also in areas of other protection categories, and 41 natural monuments . The 41 natural monuments are old individual trees or remarkable groups of trees. In addition to other bird species, the large bird species black stork , gray heron , eagle owl , black kite and red kite occur in Eslohe .
Nature reserves
- Felsberg / Krähenberg nature reserve
- Landenbecker Klippe nature reserve
- Reinscheid nature reserve
- Wennetal nature reserve
Culture and sights
There is a machine and local history museum with a collection of historical power machines that is unique for the region. There is also the restored watermill in Cobbenrode and the lavishly restored Stertschultenhof . An old bakery can be seen in Wenholthausen . There is an old bone mill in the village of Isingheim .
The local art association regularly organizes art exhibitions, concerts, stage performances, and excursions to art exhibitions.
Eslohe has a lively club life. There are several music bands, a drum corps and various choral societies in the municipality.
Buildings
- Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul . The parish was established in the 9th century. The current building was built in 1775. The church has an archive of church records up to the 17th century.
- St. Rochus Chapel on the Steltenberg. The chapel was built in 1637 as thanks for the end of a plague epidemic. Inside, the baroque church paintings are remarkable.
- St. Pankratius in Reiste. The church was built in 1852 and has a historic organ, some of which still comes from the previous buildings.
- The listed chapel of the Three Kings in Oberlandenbeck.
- The Isingheim bone mill is now a listed building and can be visited.
- Mill in Cobbenrode from the 18th century is still functional and accessible to visitors.
- The Stertschultenhof, built in the 18th century, has remarkable wall paintings. Today the building is a public meeting place. A dialect archive is also housed there.
- Obersalwey Castle in the Obersalwey district
- House Wenne
Sports
In Eslohe itself, the BC Eslohe is located as a large sports club with around 1000 members. Mainly football and handball are played there. But there are also various clubs in the associated localities (including FC Cobbenrode, SC Kückelheim / Salwey, SuS Reiste, RW Wenholthausen). In addition to football, the DLRG local group Eslohe with 300 members is very active in the area of swimming / lifeguarding.
Regular events
As is typical for other places in the Sauerland, the Schützenfest, which takes place at the end of June for the patronage festival of Peter and Paul . It takes place on three days from Saturday to Monday and is the most important festival alongside the annual lantern festival in the spa gardens.
The rice market, which takes place annually in the Reiste district, is known nationwide. In addition to the animal show, various traders come here every year. A small fair rounds off the program.
Economy and Infrastructure
In the past, Eslohe was predominantly characterized by agriculture. There was also the carter business and, since the 17th century, to a limited extent, mining and ore processing. For example, the tool, articulated chain and machine factory "Koenig & Co. in Nieder-Eslohe and Sieperting" emerged from a hammer mill in Eslohe that had existed since 1747 and was operated with the water from the Salwey. The opening of the railway lines brought a certain boost to the wood industry, especially at the beginning of the 20th century. Since then, tourism has also gained in importance. Today tourism is an important economic factor. In addition, the municipality is still the location of medium-sized wood and metal processing and the electrical industry. The largest employer is the KettenWulf company . The company has 10 locations in Europe, America and Asia and employs around 1,100 people.
Employment structure (as of June 30, 2004)
- Agriculture: 1.6%
- manufacturing industry: 51.4%
- Construction: 12.5%
- Retail, hospitality and transport: 13%
- other services: k. A.
traffic
In local public transport, Eslohe can be reached by BRS buses from Schmallenberg , Grevenbrück , Finnentrop , Meschede and Freienohl . There are further bus routes and four citizen bus routes within the municipality . The next train stations are in Altenhundem and Meschede. Eslohe is still on the former Finnentrop – Wennemen railway , which was operated by passenger traffic until May 21, 1966. The railway line between Eslohe and Finnentrop was dismantled between 1976 and the 2000s. Today the SauerlandRadring runs over the railway embankment. The federal highways 55 and 511 also run through the town.
Public facilities
Eslohe has had the status of a climatic health resort since 1976. In the last few years, a former hospital in the center of the village has been converted into a spa house with an adjacent spa park.
The Low German (Sauerland) sound archive is located in the Cobbenrode district . Sound recordings of dialects in the Sauerland are collected and analyzed in the archive.
education
The Eslohe community operates primary schools in Eslohe, Reiste and Wenholthausen as the school authority. Secondary schools are the Christine-Koch-Hauptschule and the Realschule Eslohe. The Lorenz Burmann School, a vocational and technical school for roofers, is active as a vocational school in Eslohe. This is responsible for training roofers for all of Westphalia. There is also a branch of the vocational training center of the Arnsberg Chamber of Crafts .
The Kardinal-von-Galen-Schule in Eslohe is a special school with a special focus on intellectual development and the Brothers Grimm School is one of the schools in the Hochsauerland district for the language-impaired.
The VHS office in Schmallenberg is responsible for adult education.
Personalities
- Franz Wüllner (born November 27, 1798; † June 22, 1842 in Düsseldorf) classical philologist, comparative linguist and grammar school director.
- Carl Wilhelm Tölcke (born May 31, 1817, † November 30, 1893 in Dortmund ), social democratic politician, "father of the Westphalian social democracy ", president of the ADAV .
- Johannes Dornseiffer (born February 2, 1837 in Gerlingen, † December 11, 1914 in Eslohe), vicar in Fretter (municipality of Finnentrop) and pastor in Eslohe, founder of the (agricultural) winter school in Fretter, was a co-founder of several savings and loan funds Finnentrop - Eslohe room with Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen in personal contact.
- Joseph Pape (born April 4, 1831 in Eslohe, † May 16, 1898 in Büren), lawyer and writer.
- Christine Koch (born April 23, 1869 in Eslohe-Herhagen, † April 18, 1951 in Schmallenberg), Sauerland poet
- Joseph Dünnebacke (born August 6, 1878 in Hengsbeck, † July 14, 1963 in Recklinghausen), association and local politician
- Franz Brinkschulte (born October 26, 1897 in Eslohe, † September 12, 1970 in Hagen ), politician of the NSDAP
- Carola Matthiesen (born November 9, 1925 in Eslohe; † April 29, 2015), educator, librarian, writer and poet
- Georg Milbradt (born February 23, 1945), politician, former Prime Minister of Saxony ( CDU )
- Wolfgang König (* 1947 in Eslohe), musician, conductor and musical composer
- Reinhold Schulte (born January 17, 1948 in Eslohe), insurance manager and association official; 1999–2013 CEO of the Signal Iduna Group
- Helmut König (born March 27, 1950 in Eslohe), political scientist, professor for political theory and the history of ideas at RWTH Aachen University
- Peter Bürger (born September 2, 1961 in Eslohe), publicist and Sauerland dialect researcher
- Florian Menzel (born August 30, 1988), German jazz musician
literature
- Johannes Dornseiffer : History about Eslohe. Paderborn 1896 ( digitized version ), reprint: Kath. Pfarramt, Eslohe 1983 ( PDF file; 1.9 MB ).
Web links
- Website of the community Eslohe
- Eslohe in the Westphalia Culture Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ Franz Lotze (ed.): Geological Guide Collection, Volume 39: Sauerland. Edited by Hermann Schmidt and Werner Pleßmann, Berlin 1961, pp. 9, 74f.
- ↑ State database NRW - The statistical information system of North Rhine-Westphalia ( Memento of the original from June 23, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Albert K. Hömberg: Church and secular state organization of southern Westphalia. Münster 1965, pp. 10–15.
- ^ Elisabeth Schumacher: The Cologne Westphalia in the Age of Enlightenment. Olpe 1967, p. 56.
- ↑ Bernhard Göbel and others: The upper Sauerland. Country and people. Bigge 1966, p. 63.
- ^ Alfred Bruns: Hallenberger Sources and Archive Directories, Volume 2. Münster 1991, p. 808.
- ↑ Manfred Schöne: The Duchy of Westphalia under Hesse-Darmstadt rule 1802-1816. Olpe 1966, p. 83.
- ↑ Bernhard Göbel and others: The upper Sauerland. Country and people. Bigge 1966, p. 131.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 335 .
- ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 129 .
- ↑ Grieben Travel Guide, Volume 176, Munich 1978, p. 84.
- ^ Kracht: Sauerland, Siegerland, Wittgensteiner Land, p. 77.
- ↑ Council election 2014 Eslohe
- ↑ § 2 of the main statute of the Eslohe community ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1986, ISBN 3-87793-017-4 , p. 52.
- ^ Eduard Belke, Alfred Bruns, Helmut Müller: Communal coats of arms of the Duchy of Westphalia. Arnsberg 1986, ISBN 3-87793-017-4 , p. 145.
- ^ Hochsauerlandkreis (Ed.): Eslohe landscape plan . ( hochsauerlandkreis.de [PDF; accessed on January 20, 2011]).
- ↑ Bernhard Göbel and others: The upper Sauerland. Country and people. Bigge 1966, p. 89; Kracht, pp. 77-79.
- ↑ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics NRW
- ↑ Schools of the community Eslohe on the website of the community ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Arnsberg | Bestwig | Brilon | Eslohe (Sauerland) | Hallenberg | Marsberg | Medebach | Meschede | Olsberg | Schmallenberg | Sundern (Sauerland) | Winterberg