Fiat Panda

Fiat Panda
Production period:	since 1980
Class :	Microcar
Body versions :	Station wagon
Previous model:	Fiat 126

The Fiat Panda is a small car from Fiat , the first series of which was built between spring 1980 and autumn 2003 over four million times. This makes it one of the brand's most successful models.

The car, designed by its designer Giorgio Giugiaro and characterized as a “household appliance on wheels”, stood out for its angular, smooth-surfaced shape - the window panes were also flat . Because of the easy-to-manufacture body and the spartan interior, for example the seats made of covered tubular steel frames (first series and later basic models) were reminiscent of camping furniture, the Panda could be produced at low cost and offered inexpensively (in 2000 in Italy for around 5000 euros) .

At the end of 1996, Fiat took the Panda from the European markets (except in the home), which was attributed to the tightened emission standards and safety regulations. With its minimalist, functionally- oriented concept, the Panda is in the tradition of Citroën 2CV and Renault 4 . Like them, it was not just a “Volkswagen”, but its property was seen by many who did not value status symbols or who rejected them, as an expression of a non-conformist and consumer-critical lifestyle. This was also emphasized by a very popular panda advertising campaign in Germany (“Fiat Panda - the great box”), which emphasized suitability for everyday use, economy and ecology.

In spring 2003 Fiat introduced a new model called Nuova Panda. This model was originally intended to be marketed as the Fiat Gingo . The second panda was built in Tychy, Poland, until summer 2012 .

The third generation of the Panda was introduced in autumn 2011 and is since spring 2012 in the former Alfa Romeo -Werk Pomigliano d'Arco (Naples) produced. In December 2012, the Panda 4 × 4 III got (the "SUV of the Year" Award SUV of the year) from Top Gear Magazine awarded.

Panda (Type 141, 1980-2003)

1st generation
Fiat Panda (1980-1986)
Production period:	1980-2003
Body versions :	Station wagon
Engines:	Otto engine : 0.65–1.1 liters (22–40 kW) Diesel engine : 1.3 liters (27 kW)
Length:	3408 mm
Width:	1494 mm
Height:	1435 mm
Wheelbase :	2159 mm
Empty weight :	700-810 kg

Technical data and drive

The almost 700 kg Panda (type designation: 141) was offered exclusively as a three-door model with a large tailgate from March 1980. A two-part folding roof was available on request. There were three engines to choose from; the smallest version was an air-cooled parallel twin with 650 cm³ and an output of 30 hp (22 kW) from the predecessor Fiat 126 . Alternatively, there were water-cooled four-cylinder engines with 847 or 903 cc, which developed 34 hp (25 kW) and 45 hp (33 kW), had been used in the Fiat 850 and go back to the engine of the Fiat 600 introduced in 1955. This type of motor with cast iron - Block and aluminum - cylinder head has three crankshaft bearing , a chain driven, side cam shaft and overhead valves . The carburetor sits directly on the cylinder head.

Rear view

From 1986 Fiat built the Panda with the newly developed "FIRE-Motoren" (for: Fully Integrated Robotized Engine ). These were processed and assembled by robots. They have fewer moving parts than the older OHV engine , a toothed belt driven overhead camshaft and a crankshaft with five bearings . All FIRE engines in the Fiat Panda have eight valves, 769, 999 or 1108 cm³ displacement and an output of 34 to 55 HP (25 to 40 kW). For mixture preparation, Fiat initially used only Weber single carburettors; From the introduction of the catalytic converter , injection systems with a central injection nozzle were installed, from 1987 the Bosch Mono-Jetronic , from 1992 a Weber SPI (Single Point Injection) and from 2000 an MPI (Multi Point Injection).

Like the Uno, there was also the Panda with automatic, as Panda Selecta. Instead of the now standard 5-speed gearbox, there was a continuously variable gearbox (ECVT) with push link belt and magnetic particle clutch . The ECVT transmission had originally been developed by DAF, who brought the Variomatic onto the market in 1959 ; it was further developed in cooperation between Fiat and Ford and produced by Fuji Heavy Industries .

Between 1986 and 1992 the Panda was available as a "D" version with a 1301 cm³ diesel engine from the Fiat Uno that developed 39 hp (29 kW).

differences

The first version of the Fiat Panda was built from March 1980 to January 1986 ("Mk1"). They include the Panda 30, Panda 34, Panda 45 and the first Panda 4 × 4 with switchable all-wheel drive.

In January 1986 the Panda ("Mk2") was equipped with the new Fire engine and it was given a facelift . The rigid rear axle was no longer suspended by leaf springs, but by coil springs and guided on trailing arms and a rubber bearing on the axle tube. The pipe was to forward cranked ( Omega-axis ). The rear silencer and tank on the newer models are located behind instead of in front of the rear axle. The sheet metal grille was replaced by one made of plastic and the rear license plate was no longer attached to the tailgate, but to the bumper. The interior has also been changed, including better seats.

From 1986 the Panda Van was also offered, a two-seater mini van with a winged rear door and flaps made of plastic instead of the rear side window.

The variants of the new Panda after the redesign were no longer named after the power in PS, but after the displacement. There were the models "Panda 750" (769 cm³) and "Panda 1000" (999 cm³), later engines with 900 cm³ (no Fire engine) and 1108 cm³ displacement ("1100") were offered.

In the autumn of 1991, Fiat redesigned the Panda slightly both inside and out.

• 

  Fiat Panda (1986-1991)

• 

  Fiat Panda Van (1986-1991)

• 

  Fiat Panda (1991-2003)

• 

  Fiat Panda 4 × 4
  (1991-2003)

Panda 4 × 4

From June 1983 onwards, an all -terrain Panda 4 × 4 with switchable all-wheel drive was offered, which also took part in the Paris – Dakar rally in 1984 . The all-wheel drive was developed by Steyr Puch in Graz ; the car was assembled in Austria. The engine of the approximately 850 kg heavy car had 948 cc and 48 hp. From 1986 the FIRE engine with 999 cm³ and 45 HP or 50 HP, from 1991 the 1108 cm³ engine with 50 HP (37 KW), later with 54 HP (40 KW) was installed.

Panda Elettra

In 1990 the Panda Elettra was presented with an electric motor. Its biggest problem was the twelve heavy 6-volt lead-gel batteries with which the vehicle weighed up to 1240 kg. From the Elettra series, which were mostly used in small numbers by Italian municipalities, there were also the Fiat Cinquecento , Fiat Seicento and Fiat Ducato in addition to the Panda . According to the manufacturer, the Panda Elettra should achieve ranges of up to 70 km in city traffic.

Special models

• Panda Primavera (1982), double folding roof
• Panda Bianca (1985), white paint, decorative stripes, white seat covers
• Panda Trio (1986), paintwork completely in white, red or black, decorative stripes, longitudinally striped seat covers
• Panda 4 × 4 Sisley (1987), decorative strips, roof rack, inclinometer, partial leather seat covers
• Panda 1000 CL Fantasia (Great Britain, 1988), paint job in Lawn Green or Bahamas Blue , radiator grille in body color, double folding roof, checked seat covers
• Panda Pop (1987)
• Panda Garda (1987)
• Panda Adria (1988), available in green, white and blue, with a green and blue checkered interior
• Panda Ponte (1989, 1000cc carburetor), paintwork in silk brown or diamond gray metallic, decorative stripes, velor seat covers, 2nd exterior mirror as standard, double folding roof optional
• Panda Dance (1989)
• Panda Italia 90 (1990), special model with the logo and decoration of the soccer World Cup 1990, only available in white, bumpers in body color, hubcaps with soccer ball, dark blue carpet and dark blue seats with embroidered logo
• Panda Top Ten (1990, 1000cc carburetor), special model limited to 1000 pieces with the corresponding number on the air baffle under the windshield, white indicators, 4-spoke steering wheel, bumper, radiator grille, stone guard in front of the rear wheel and hubcaps in body color, clock, temperature display, long door panels , Door pockets right and left, inside adjustable exterior mirrors right and left, rear ashtray, rear interior wheel arch trim, illuminated switches and heating levers, dimmable interior mirror, tinted windows all around, vent windows at the rear, A-pillar trim, engine hood insulating mat
• Panda Sergio Tacchini (1990, 750cc carburetor) Features similar to Top Ten, bumper unpainted
• Panda 750 S / 1000 S (1991–1995), clock, temperature display, long air inlet strip under the windshield, plastic A-pillar trim, swiveling sun visors, long door panels, door pockets on the right and left, inside adjustable exterior mirrors on the right and left, ashtray in the back, wheel arch linings in the back inside , Tailgate trim inside
• Panda Eleganza (1992) metallic paintwork dark red, radiator grille and bumpers in body color
• Panda Pink and Verde (1992)
• Panda Bluebay (1993, 1000cc injection) blue and white paintwork including painted bumpers
• Panda Cosi (1993, 1000 injection), decor, wheel trims, painted radiator grille, vent window at the rear, tinted windows, full-surface door panels, 4-spoke steering wheel
• Panda Dance (1992–1993, 900 injection)
• Panda College (Switzerland), two-tone metallic paintwork, decorative strips, Autovox car radio
• Panda College (Italy 2001–2003), metallic paintwork available in 5 different colors, special wheel covers
• Panda Hobby (Italy 2001–2003), electric windows, long door panels
• Panda Young (Italy 2001–2003) side plastic protective strips

Weak points

• Oil pan: rust perforation from the outside. The oil pan is poorly protected against stone chips, so the paintwork is quickly damaged.
• Electrics: Plug connections not always properly installed
• Ground cable: corrosion
• Petrol pump: Cable poorly laid, chafs through over time
• Headlight range adjustment very short-lived
• Corrosion on door edges and side members in rear wheel arches
• Handbrake lever rusts firmly in the joint - rear drum brake if it is not used regularly
• Often leaks in vehicles with a panoramic roof

Others

In Spain, the Fiat Panda was built from autumn 1980 to late summer 1985 by the then Group subsidiary Seat under the name Seat Panda . The vehicles were almost the same. From autumn 1985, Seat continued to build the Panda with a different front as Seat Marbella until the end of 1998.

Nuova Panda (Type 169, 2003–2012)

2nd generation
Fiat Panda (2003-2012)
Production period:	2003-2012
Body versions :	Station wagon
Engines:	Otto engines : 1.1–1.4 liters (40–73 kW) Diesel engines : 1.2 liters (51–55 kW)
Length:	3538-3578 mm
Width:	1578-1606 mm
Height:	1540-1630 mm
Wheelbase :	2299-2305 mm
Empty weight :	915-1165 kg

In autumn 2003 a completely new Fiat Panda (type designation: 169) came onto the market, which was voted Car of the Year 2004. The only thing that it had in common with the old model was its name; it is larger, more powerfully motorized and more fully equipped than this one. This panda was produced in Tychy, Poland .

Rear view

The Nuova Panda was only built as a five-door hatchback. The engine range comprised four Otto engines (1.1 with 40 kW / 55 PS, 1.2 with 44 kW / 60 PS, from 2010 at the latest [see below] also 1.2 with 51 kW / 69 PS and 1.4 with 74 kW / 100 PS), as well as one Turbo diesel engine with common rail injection that developed 51 kW (70 hp). There was also a "racing" panda (Panda 100HP) with a sports suspension and a 1.4-liter engine with 74 kW / 100 PS. An Abarth version with 99 kW / 135 PS (1.4 Turbo) was also planned. The turbodiesel engine has an effective displacement of 1.2 liters, but is referred to as the "1.3 Multijet".

The new Panda has consistently been the best-selling car in its class in Europe since it was launched.

Originally the new panda was supposed to be called "Gingo". Therefore, the first Fiat Panda of the second generation also carried a plate with the original name. In fan circles he is also often referred to as "Gingo" to point out the difference.

In autumn 2004 the all-wheel drive Panda 4 × 4 was added. Among other things, it could be recognized by the transverse rear silencer and the slightly larger ground clearance .

In January 2006 a variant of the 4 × 4 was presented as the Panda "Cross", which was only available with the 1.3 Multijet 16V diesel (51 kW).

From January 2007 the Panda was also available as a natural gas vehicle. The Panda “Natural Power” was the first vehicle in its class with an underfloor tank. This was made possible by the floor assembly of the Panda 4 × 4 on which the new version was built.

The natural gas panda is powered by a 1.2-liter four-cylinder engine known from other models in the series, which, thanks to its bivalent design, can be operated with either natural gas or petrol. It has an output of 38 kW (52 PS) in gas operation and 45 kW (60 PS) in petrol. Consumption is 4.2 kg of natural gas per 100 km in natural gas mode or 6.2 liters per 100 km in gasoline mode. If both tanks are filled (13 kilograms of natural gas, 30 liters of petrol), the range is around 750 kilometers.

In autumn 2010 the range of engines was greatly reduced. From then on, only a gasoline engine (1.2 8V with 51 kW), a diesel (1.3 Multijet 16V with 55 kW) and a natural gas variant (1.4 8V 57 kW or 51 kW) were in the range. Vehicles with first registration in Italy are available as 5-seater with 5th seat belt attached to the roof with two belt buckles in the seat, but without a fifth headrest. At the beginning of 2011 the Panda 100HP and the Panda "Cross" were also taken out of the range.

In the late summer of 2012, the other Panda variants were also discontinued.

• 

  cockpit

• 

  Fiat Panda 4 × 4
  (2004-2012)

• 

  Fiat Panda Cross
  (2006-2011)

• 

  Fiat Panda 100HP
  (2006-2011)

Special editions

Fiat Panda Aria

• Panda Alessi
• Panda Aria
• Panda Hydrogen
• Panda Jolly
• Panda Luxury
• Panda Mamy
• Panda MultiEco
• Panda Natural Power
• Pan DAKAR
• Panda Simba
• Panda Tanker (Concept Car)
• Panda Terramare 4
• Panda Imola
• Panda Dynamic
• Panda sport
• Panda Racing
• Panda Edizione Magnifica

Engines

Chinese replica

In 2006 Fiat sued the Chinese car manufacturer Great Wall for copying the design of the Fiat Panda for the Peri model .

In mid-2008, Fiat won the lawsuit, which stopped importing the vehicles to Europe. In addition, the Chinese automobile manufacturer had to pay Fiat around 15,000 euros in damages for each car it had already imported and, in the future, 50,000 euros for each additional import.

• 

  Great Wall Peri

• 

  Rear view

Panda (type 312/319, since 2011)

3rd generation
Production period:	since 2011
Body versions :	Station wagon
Engines:	Otto engines : 0.9–1.2 liters (51–63 kW) Diesel engines : 1.3 liters (55–70 kW)
Length:	3650 mm
Width:	1640 mm
Height:	1550 mm
Wheelbase :	2305 mm
Empty weight :	940-1035 kg

Stars in the Euro NCAP - Crash Test (2011)

Stars in the Euro NCAP - Crash Test (2015)

Stars in the Euro NCAP - Crash Test (2018)

The third generation of the Fiat Panda, which went into production at the end of the same year, was presented to the public at the IAA 2011 in Frankfurt.

Although the official start of sales in Germany was announced on March 3, 2012, the first dealers were already supplied with new generation cars on January 30. There are currently two different engines available.

Since September 2012, models with all-wheel drive have been available again under the name Panda 4 × 4 and since 2017 also with additional plastic panels on the bumpers and doors under the name Cross . At the same time, the similarly designed Trekking with front-wheel drive appeared. The same applies to the City Cross, also presented in 2017, and the cheaper Waze , which is also available as a Waze 4x4 with all-wheel drive.

In the Euro NCAP crash test, the Fiat Panda 2018 did not achieve a single out of five possible points; the lack of safety equipment was particularly criticized.

In January 2020, a mild hybrid version with a 1.0 three-cylinder petrol engine that already meets EURO 6d could be ordered. This version comes with a 12V lithium-ion battery of 11 Ah and a belt starter generator with 3.6 kW. This significantly expands the start-stop operation and reduces fuel consumption. More energy can also be recuperated in the battery when braking.

• 

  Rear view

• 

  Fiat Panda 4 × 4 (since 2012)

Characteristic

The third generation of the Fiat Panda is based on the same construction kit as the previous model.

Over time, this kit was updated for the newly adapted models: 2007 for the Fiat 500 , 2011 for the Lancia Ypsilon and for the new Fiat Uno on the Brazilian market. With these models, the new Panda also shares some details.

Compared to its predecessor, which was introduced in autumn 2003, the vehicle is a few centimeters larger in order to increase passive safety. Some elements of the first Panda from 1980 were taken over, which for technical or country-specific reasons were lost in the second Panda in favor of other solutions. One of these solutions is, for example, the dashboard with the open glove compartment of the original model, which did not exist in the second generation because the front passenger airbag would have been in the way. The body is similar to that of the predecessor, but more rounded.

production

The new Panda in the former is made Alfa-Romeo - Alfasud -Werk in Pomigliano d'Arco near Naples, rebuilt it. It is expected to be able to produce up to 1,000 cars a day. The Fiat Panda could no longer be built in the Tychy (Poland) plant because it is already busy producing the Fiat 500. The move to Pomigliano is also part of a new national project with which Fiat plans to double its car production in Italy.

Technical specifications

	1.2 8V		1.0 6V mild hybrid	0.9 TwinAir			0.9 TwinAir Natural Power natural gas			1.3 16V Multijet	1.3 16V Multijet
Construction period	12/2011–06/2018	since 07/2018	since 01/2020	12/2011–06/2018	since 07/2018	07 / 2018–11 / 2018	07 / 2012-06 / 2018	07 / 2018–11 / 2018	since 11/2018	02 / 2012-08 / 2015	09 / 2015–06 / 2018
Engine characteristics
Engine type	R4 petrol engine		R3 petrol engine	R2 gasoline engine						R4 diesel engine
Mixture preparation	Manifold injection									Common rail direct injection
Engine charging	-			turbocharger
Displacement	1242 cc		999 cm³	875 cc						1248 cc
Max. power	51 kW (69 PS) at 5500 rpm		51 kW (70 PS) at 6000 rpm	57 kW (78 PS) at 5500 rpm * 63 kW (85 PS) at 5500 rpm	63 kW (85 PS) at 5500 rpm	66 kW (90 PS) at 5500 rpm	59 kW (80 PS) at 5500 rpm (63 kW (85 PS) at 5500 rpm)		52 kW (70 PS) at 5500 rpm (63 kW (85 PS) at 5500 rpm)	55 kW (75 PS) at 4000 rpm	70 kW (95 PS) at 3750 rpm
Max. Torque	102 Nm at 3000 rpm		92 Nm at 3500 rpm	100 Nm at 2000 rpm * 145 Nm at 1900 rpm	145 Nm at 1900 rpm		140 Nm at 2500 rpm (145 Nm at 1900 rpm)		135 Nm at 2500 rpm (145 Nm at 1900 rpm)	190 Nm at 1500 rpm	200 Nm at 1500 rpm
Power transmission
Drive, as standard	Front wheel drive				all wheel drive		Front wheel drive
Drive, optional	-			all wheel drive	-					all wheel drive
Gearbox, as standard	5-speed manual transmission		6-speed manual transmission	5-speed manual transmission		6-speed manual transmission	5-speed manual transmission
Readings
Top speed	164 km / h		155 km / h	177 km / h [166 km / h]	163-164 km / h	167 km / h	168 km / h (170 km / h)		162 km / h (170 km / h)	168 km / h [159 km / h]	182 km / h [167 km / h]
Acceleration, 0-100 km / h	14.2 s		14.7 s	11.2 s [12.1 s]	12.7-12.8 s	12.0 s	12.8 s (12.0 s)		14.1 s (12.7 s)	12.8 s [14.5 s]	11.0 s [12.0 s]
Fuel consumption over 100 km (combined)	5.2 l super	5.4-5.9 l super	4.0 l super	4.2 l super [4.9 l super]	5.8 l super		3.1 kg natural gas (4.6 l super)		3.6 kg natural gas (5.5 l super)	3.9 l diesel [4.7 l diesel]	3.6 l diesel [4.4 l diesel]
CO 2 emissions (combined)	120 g / km	125-134 g / km	90 g / km	99 g / km [114 g / km]	132 g / km		86 g / km (107 g / km)		97 g / km (125 g / km)	104 g / km [125 g / km]	94 g / km [114 g / km]
Emission standard according to EU classification	Euro 6	Euro 6d-TEMP	Euro 6d	Euro 6	Euro 6d-TEMP		Euro 6	Euro 6d-TEMP		5 euro	Euro 6

* Values ​​refer to the Eco operating mode (when the Eco button is pressed).

Web links

Commons : Fiat Panda  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Website Germany
• Website Austria
• Overview of the classic Fiat Panda models and their key numbers (private page)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated December 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .  
2. ↑ http://zuckerfabrik24.de/fiat/fiatdaten_pa50.htm .
3. ↑ Reimpell, Jörnsen Betzler, Jürgen: chassis technology: basics; Würzburg 2005; P. 72 ISBN 3-8343-3031-0 .
4. ↑ Fiat_panda_2_sst.jpg.
5. ^ Fiat is considering taking legal action to stop Great Wall's Panda clone being sold in Europe. In: italiaspeed.com , December 13, 2006 (English).
6. ↑ Fiat successfully sues Chinese automaker for Panda clone. In: leftlanenews.com , July 23, 2008 (English).
7. ↑ Result of the Fiat Panda in the Euro NCAP crash test (2011)
8. ↑ Result of the Fiat Panda Cross in the Euro NCAP crash test (2015)
9. ↑ Result of the Fiat Panda in the Euro NCAP crash test (2018)
10. ↑ The bestseller becomes an Italian again. In: auto motor und sport , July 19, 2011.
11. ↑ fiatpress.de: Further variants for the new Panda
12. ↑ Detailed crash test report (2018)
13. ↑ Fiat hybrid versions of Fiat 500 and Fiat Panda. In: fiat.de , January 9, 2020.
14. ↑ ^{a b} La nuova Fiat Panda ai raggi X In: automobilismo.it , October 21, 2011 (Italian).
15. ^ Fiat presenta la Panda di terza generazione ( Memento of March 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )