Outline of the Carpathian Mountains

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The structure of the Carpathian Mountains is not standardized. While z. For example, in Slovakia there is a comprehensive, systematic classification, there are only incomplete and sometimes contradicting information, especially for Ukraine . The affiliation of certain areas ( Banat Mountains , Transylvanian Basin , Serbian Carpathians ) to the Carpathians is controversial. Some terms - especially the Beskids - are used differently in the countries concerned.

Not least in terms of the main structure, there are significant differences in common works from the one presented below. A common division is the Duklapass as the eastern border of the Western Carpathians . The forest Carpathians that begin there extend to the Prislop Pass . The Eastern Carpathians only begin here and extend over the Oituz Pass , which is only 855 m high , to the 1051 m high Predeal Pass. From there to the Temesch - Cerna furrow the Southern Carpathians rise .

According to other classifications, the boundaries of the geomorphological units run along the state borders , which is usually not useful.

Overview

Subdivision of the Carpathian Mountains
1. Outer Western Carpathians,
2. Inner Western Carpathians,
3. Outer Eastern Carpathians,
4. Inner Eastern Carpathians,
5. Southern Carpathians,
6. Western Romanian Carpathians,
7. Transylvanian Basin,
8. Serbian Carpathians

The present division is hierarchically structured into provinces, sub-provinces and areas. Each unit is assigned a number so that the location of this unit can be traced on the "Geomorphological classification of the Carpathian Mountains" map.

Some German names are given in brackets, but only if they exist as historical or geographical terms. Literal translations were not used.

In the case of geomorphological units that are located on the territory of several states, the names are given in all the respective national languages, separated by commas. If there is a plus sign (+) between the terms, this means that these terms partially or completely identify other subunits and are not to be used synonymously.

Geomorphological classification of the Carpathian Mountains

A: Western Carpathians (province)

A1: Outer Carpathian Depression (sub-province)

See attachement

A2: Outer Western Carpathians (sub-province)

a) South Moravian Carpathians (CZ) / Austrian-South Moravian Carpathians (AT) (area)

The Austro-South Moravian Carpathians CZ: Jihomoravské Karpaty:

b) Central Moravian Carpathians (CZ) (area)

CZ: Středomoravské Karpaty

c) Slovak-Moravian Carpathians (CZ / SK) (area)

CZ / SK: Slovensko-Moravské Karpaty

d) Western Beskid foothills (CZ / PL) (area)

CZ: Západobeskydské podhůří, PL: Pogórze Zachodniobeskidzkie

e) West Beskids (CZ / SK / PL) (area)

CZ: Západní Beskydy, SK: Západné Beskydy, PL: Beskidy Zachodnie

f) (continued) (Polish) West Beskids (PL)

PL: Beskidy Zachodnie

g) Middle Beskids (SK) / (continued) (Polish) West Beskids (PL) (area)

SK: Stredné Beskydy, PL: Beskidy Zachodnie SK: Kysucké Beskydy + Oravské Beskydy + PL: Beskid Żywiecki (Saybuscher Beskydy) → A2g1

h) East Beskids (SK) / (continued) (Polish) West Beskids (PL) (area)

SK: Východné Beskydy, PL: Beskidy Zachodnie

i) Podhale Magura area (SK) / Orava - Podhale depression (PL) (area)

SK: Podhôľno-magurská oblasť, PL: Onizenie Orawsko-Podhalańskie

A3: Inner Western Carpathians (sub-province)

a) Slovak Ore Mountains (SK, HU) (area)

SK: Slovenské rudohorie, HU: Szlovák Érchegység

b) Fatra-Tatra region (SK / PL / AT)

The Tatra-Fatra and Podhale-Magura regions are referred to as the "Central Western Carpathians" in some non-geomorphological systems - sometimes together with Vtáčnik, Kremnické vrchy, Pohronský Inovec and parts of the Považské podolie.

SK: Fatransko-tatranská oblasť

c) Slovak Central Uplands (SK) (area)

SK: Slovenské stredohorie

d) Lučenec-Košice Depression (SK / HU) (area)

SK: Lučensko-košická zníženina

e) Mátra-Slanec region / Northern Hungarian Central Mountains (SK / HU) (region)

SK: Matransko-slanská oblasť, HU: Északi-középhegység

B: Eastern Carpathians (province)

In Ukraine, the section on its own territory and in Romania north of the Prislop Pass is referred to as "Eastern Carpathians", while in Romania the Carpathian arc from the Predeal Pass north to the Prislop Pass or to the Ukrainian state border. In Romania, a vertical division is preferred for the Eastern Carpathians on its own national territory - unlike the horizontal one listed here:

  • Carpații Maramureșului și Bucovinei,
  • Carpații Moldo-Transilvani,
  • Carpații de Curbură.

B1: Outer Carpathian Depression (sub-province)

See attachement

B2: Outer Eastern Carpathians (sub-province)

a) Middle Beskid foothills (PL)

Sometimes considered part of the Outer Western Carpathians.

PL: Pogórze Środkowobeskidzkie

b) Lower Beskids (SK) / Middle Beskids (PL) (area)

Ondauer Uplands (Ondavská vrchovina)

SK: Nízke Beskydy, PL: Beskidy Środkowe

c) East Beskids (PL) / Ukrainian Carpathians (UA) (area)

PL: Beskidy Wschodnie, SK: Poloniny, WP: Ukrajinski Karpaty Waldbeskiden (PL: Beskidy Lesiste + WP: Lisystyj Beskydy)

Polonina comb (WP: Polonynskyj chrebet):

d) Moldova-Muntenian Carpathians (RO)

RO: Munții Carpați ai Moldo-Munteniei

B3: Inner Eastern Carpathians (sub-province)

a) Vihorlat-Gutin area (SK) / Vulkankamm (UA) (area)

SK: Vihorlatsko-Gutínska oblasť, WP: Wulkanitschnyj chrebet

b) Bistrița Mountain Group (RO)

RO: Munții Bistriței

c) Căliman-Harghita mountain group (RO)

RO: Munții Căliman-Harghita

d) Giurgeu-Brașov Depression (RO)

RO: Depresiunea Giurgeu-Brașovului

e) Maramuresch-Rodnaer area

  • Maramures Depression, RO: Depresiunea Maramureșului, UA: Мармароська улоговина → B3e1
  • Maramures Mountains , RO: Munții Maramureșului, UK: Мармароський масив → B3e2
  • Rodna Mountains , RO: Munții Rodnei, UK: Родна гори → B3e3

C: Southern Carpathians (RO) (Province)

C1: Outer Carpathian Depression

See attachement

C2: Bucegi mountain range

RO: Grupa Munții Bucegi

C3: Făgăraș mountain group

RO: Grupa Munții Făgărașului

C4: Parâng mountain group

RO: Grupa Munții Parângului

C5: Retezat-Godeanu mountain range

RO: Grupa Munții Retezat-Godeanu

D: Western Romanian Carpathians (RO)

RO: Carpații Occidentali

D1: Apuseni Mountains

a) Kreisch Mountain Group (Munții Criș):

b) Seș-Meseș Mountain Group (Munții Seș-Meseșului):

c) Bihor massif (Masivul Bihor):

d) Mureș Mountain Group (Munții Mureșului):

D2: Poiana-Ruscă Mountains

RO: Munții Poiana Ruscă (partially considered as part of the Southern Carpathians)

D3: Banat Mountains (RO, SRB)

RO: Munții Banatului (partially considered as part of the Southern Carpathians)

E: Transylvanian Basin (RO)

Partly regarded as not belonging to the Carpathian Mountains.

1: Transylvanian Depression (RO: Depresiunea Transilvaniei)

2: Transylvanian Plateau (RO: Podișul Transilvaniei):

Q: Serbian Carpathians (SRB)

Serbian: Karpatske planine. Partly as part of the Southern Carpathians, partly as not belonging to the Carpathian Mountains.

Appendix: Outer Carpathian Depression

The Outer Carpathian Depression is usually treated as part of the Carpathian Sections (Western, Eastern and Southern Carpathians). However, since their exact subdivision and delimitation are handled very contradictory, only a list of the sub-units from west to east to south is given here:

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Meyers Großes Universallexikon, Vol. 7 Ih – Kn (1983), p. 480
  2. ↑ Diercke World Atlas, 141st edition 1968
  3. ↑ The Saybuscher Beskids (Beskid Żywiecki) lie on the border between Poland and Slovakia. For the Slovak part there is also the term Slovenské Beskydy, which in turn is often divided into Kysucké Beskydy and Oravské Beskydy.