He started for the Munich EV , for which he occasionally competed in speed skating competitions. Burger was a lawyer by profession.
Burger celebrated his greatest successes as a pair runner together with Anna Hübler . At the Olympic Games in London in 1908 , the couple won the first ever competition in figure skating for couples in the Olympic program. In the same year Burger and Hübler also became the first pair skating world champions in history and won the world title again in 1910 . European championships for couples weren't introduced until 1930.
Burger was also successful as a single runner. Between 1904 and 1907 he won three German championship titles and was two-time vice world champion, in 1904 behind Ulrich Salchow and in 1906 behind his compatriot Gilbert Fuchs .