Kalinowka (Kaliningrad, Chernyakhovsk)
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Kalinowka
Aulowönen (Aulenbach) Калиновка
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Kalinowka ( Russian Калиновка , German Aulowönen , 1938–1945 Aulenbach (East Prussia) , Lithuanian Aulavėnai ) is a place in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Tschernjachowsk in chernyakhovsky district .
Geographical location
Kalinowka is located on the A 197 trunk road (former German Reichsstrasse 137 ) between Tschernjachowsk ( Insterburg , 21 km) in the south and Bolschakowo ( Groß Skaisgirren , 1938-1946 Kreuzingen , 14 km) in the northwest. In town, two side streets end from the west of Wyssokoje (Popelken , 1938–1946 Markthausen) and east of Kaluschskoje (Grünheide) . There is no train connection. Before 1945 the place was a train station on the Insterburg – Groß Skaisgirren railway of the Insterburger Kleinbahnen .
history
In 1352 the Bishop of Samland took over the area around Georgenburg and Saalau with the associated hinterland. In 1353, its cathedral chapter was given the western third for use. For a long time only "forest works" were operated here. Numerous people worked here and earned their livelihood without a permanent village. It was not until the 16th century that farmers began to convert forests into fields. Mostly Lithuanians came here for reasons of the Reformation and a secure legal situation offered by Duke Albrecht . Gradually a fairly closed space was created between Jennen (no longer existent) and Aulowönen, so that in 1610 a church was founded in Aulowönen. At the end of the 17th century the village had already developed into a market town.
In the years 1709 and 1710 the parish , which had just emerged, was particularly hard hit by the plague . A large number of people died, the village literally became deserted, and the young Lithuanian settlement force was lost. The attempt to attract new settlers was crowned with success in 1732 with the immigration of religious refugees from Salzburg . In fact, Aulowönen developed into its own small economic center, to which the schools initiated by the Salzburgers also contributed.
Up until 1815, almost all of the parish's estates and villages belonged to the Königsberg department of Tapiau district . The offices of Lappönen and Saalau were then defeated by an edict of April 30, 1815 for the administrative district of Gumbinnen .
On March 11, 1874, Groß Aulowhnen became an official village and thus gave its name to a newly established administrative district . The population of the place with church, estate, school and two brick factories was 341 in 1910.
On December 1, 1923, the rural community of Groß Aulowönen merged with the neighboring community of Uszupönen (Uschupönen) to form the new rural community of Aulowönen (without addition). On September 30, 1928, the Alt Lappönen manor district and partly also the Gründann manor district (no longer existing today, previously in the Buchhof district ) were incorporated into the rural community of Aulöwnen. The population increased to 1,026 by 1933 and was 1,049 in 1939.
As a result of the war, Aulowönen, which had been renamed "Aulenbach (East Prussia)" on June 3, 1938 as part of the National Socialist renaming campaign , came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia in 1945 .
The place was given the Russian name Kalinowka in June 1947 , apparently after the Russian word kalina, which refers to the common snowball shrub . At the same time the place became the seat of a village soviet. Since July 1947 Kalinowka belonged to the Bolshakovo district and since its dissolution at the end of 1962 to the Chernyakhovsk district . From 2008 to 2015 the place belonged to the rural municipality Kalushskoje selskoje posselenije and since then it belonged to the urban district of Chernyakhovsk.
Aulowönen District (Aulenbach) 1874–1945
The Aulowönen district (from 1938: Aulenbach district (Ostpr.)) Initially includes eleven localities:
| Surname | Change name 1938–1946 |
Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Old Lappönen | Dachnoye | 1928 incorporated into Aulowönen | |
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Groß Aulowönen , 1923–1938: Aulowönen |
Aulenbach (East Pr.) | Kalinowka | |
| Jennen | Podlesje | ||
| Kallwischken | Hengstenberg | Mostovoye | |
| Kemsen | 1928 incorporated into Kallwischken | ||
| Kiaunischken, Ksp. Aulowönen |
Bull yard | ||
| Klein Aulowönen | 1928 incorporated into Kallwischken | ||
| Small popelken |
1929 to Budwethen, Ksp. Aulowönen incorporated in the Buchhof district |
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| Naggen, from 1929: Lindenhausen |
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| Rob | 1929 according to Eichhorn (Ostpr.) Incorporated | ||
| Uszupönen / Uschupönen | 1923 incorporated into Aulowönen | ||
| before 1908: Gaiden |
Stepnoje | before: district Groß Franzdorf | |
| from 1931: Budwethen, Ksp. Aulowönen |
Streudorf (East Pr.) | before: Buchhof district |
On January 1, 1945, due to structural changes, only six municipalities formed the Aulenbach district: Aulenbach, Gaiden, Hengstenberg, Jennen, Lindenhausen and Streudorf.
Kalinowski selski Sowet 1947-2008
The village soviet Kalinowski selski Sowet (ru. Калиновский сельский Совет) was first established in June 1947 in the Chernyakhovsk district . In July 1947, the village soviet came to the newly created Bolshakovo Rajon . After the dissolution of the Bolshakovo Raion at the end of 1962, the village soviet was apparently (only) set up again in the Chernyakhovsk Raion in 1969. After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Kalinowski selski okrug (ru. Калиновский сельский округ). In 2008 the remaining places in the village district were incorporated into the newly formed rural community Kaluschskoje selskoje posselenije .
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Buchowo (Бухово) | Buchhof, until 1918: itching | The place was renamed before 1975. |
| Datschnoje (Дачное) | Old Lappönen | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Yablochnoe (Яблочное) | Neu Eichhorn, 1938–1945: on "Eichhorn (Ostpr.)" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Kalinowka (Калиновка) | (Large) Aulowönen, 1938–1945: "Aulenbach (Ostpr.)" | Administrative headquarters |
| Lipowka (Липовка) | Guttawutschen, 1938–1945: on "Schackenau" | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Kaluschski village soviet . |
| Mostowje (Мостовое) | Kallwischken, 1938–1945: "Hengstenberg" | The place was renamed in 1950 and meanwhile belonged to the village Soviet Vysokovsky . |
| Osjornoje (Озёрное) | New Lappönen | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Podlesnoye (Подлесное) | Jennen | The place was renamed in 1947 and probably connected to Kalinowka before 1988. |
| Stasovo (Стасово) | Klein Warkau and Mittel Warkau | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the Kaluschski village soviet. It was probably connected to Stepnoje before 1988. |
| Stepnoe (Степное) | Gaiden | The place was renamed in 1950. |
| Udarnoye (Ударное) | Ackmenischken, Ksp. Aulowönen , 1938–1945: "Steinacker" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
From 1997 to 2008 the two places Krugloje (Roßthal) and Perelesnoje (Pagelienen) , which had previously belonged to the Majowski selski okrug , also belonged to the Kalinowski selski okrug.
The four places renamed in 1947 Krasnoje (Lindicken) , Lugowoje (Schuppinnen) , Nowaja Derewnja (Ernstwalde) and Wesnowo (Wasserlauken / Wasserlacken) , which were initially also assigned to the Kalinowski selski Sowet, then (before 1975) came to the Vysokovsky selski Sowet .
The place Dubrowka (Spannegeln) , which was renamed in 1947 and which had also been assigned to the Kalinowski selski Sowet, then (before 1975) became part of the Bolschakowski selski Sowet .
church
See the main article: Church Aulowönen
Church building
A church was founded in Aulowönen in 1610. However, the first church burned down in 1709, and a wooden emergency building only lasted until 1727. A field stone church with a (later) wooden tower was then built between 1728 and 1730 . The interior decoration included a Bible book from 1565 with leaded tin lids and two very large brass altar candlesticks from 1640. The church was demolished after 1945.
Parish
With the establishment of the Protestant church in 1610, a parish with its own pastoral office was also established. Until 1945 it belonged to the church of the Old Prussian Union with 4,726 parishioners in 44 towns and villages in the parish of Insterburg in the church province of East Prussia . Today Kalinowka lies in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Bolshakowo (Groß Skaisgirren , 1938-1946 Kreuzingen) that was newly established in the 1990s . It belongs to the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Web links
literature
- Lothar Kuprat, A walk through my old Aulenbach , Bremen, 2013
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ D. Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Aulenbach
- ^ Rolf Jehke, District Aulowönen / Aulenbach (East Pr.)
- ↑ Uli Schubert, community directory, Insterburg district
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Insterburg (Russian Chernyachovsk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets , Cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Rolf Jehke, Aulowönen / Aulenbach district (as above)
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 25 июля 1947 г. "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of July 25, 1947: Establishment of the Oblast-Kaliningrad)
- ↑ According to information on www.gako.name
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1968, page 101
- ^ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, pp. 480–481
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
