Bad Abbach

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 56 '  N , 12 ° 3'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Bavaria
County :	Kelheim
Height :	371 m above sea level NHN
Area :	55.29 km 2
Residents:	12,430 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	225 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	93077
Area code :	09405
License plate :	KEH, MAY , PAR , RID, ROL
Community key :	09 2 73 116
Market structure:	6 districts
Market administration address :	Raiffeisenstrasse 72 93077 Bad Abbach
Website :	www.bad-abbach.de
First Mayor :	Benedikt Grünewald ( CSU )
Location of the Bad Abbach market in the Kelheim district

Bad Abbach from the west

Location of the Bad Abbach market

Bad Abbach (until 1934 Abbach ) is a market and health resort in the Lower Bavarian district of Kelheim and is located in the Danube Valley between Kelheim and Regensburg .

geography

location

In the extreme northwest of the market is the district Oberndorf with the lock Bad Abbach . The associated barrage with the Bad Abbach power station is located upstream in the Poikam district , where a road bridge at the weir crosses the river. In Poikam there is also a Danube bridge on the Regensburg – Ingolstadt railway line . In Bad Abbach itself there is only the widely visible footbridge to the so-called "leisure island" between the Danube and the lock canal, via which the swimming pool and other sports facilities can be reached.

The place belongs to the district of Lower Bavaria directly on the border with the Upper Palatinate .

Hanslberg area

In the outermost border area of ​​Oberndorf, on the road in the direction of Matting and from there on in the direction of Regensburg, there is the so-called Hanslberg area with steep Jura cliffs directly on the Danube. There is a hut belonging to the Regensburg section of the German Alpine Club .

Rock monument

Shortly after the exit from the spa town of Bad Abbach to Poikam, on the B 16, there is a striking rock monument from the nineteenth century, reminiscent of the rock blast at the time.

Community structure

There are 32 parish parts. The main town Bad Abbach. The church villages of Dünzling , Lengfeld , Oberndorf , Peising , Poikam and Saalhaupt . The villages of Alkofen , Bad Abbach and Kalkofen . The places Abbach-Schloßberg , Au and Weichs . The hamlets of Dantschermühle , Gattersberg , Gemling and Teufelsmühle . The deserts Bockberg , Deutenhof , eggs mill , Eiglstetten , Frauenbründl , Hochstetten , Hunter House , wreath garden , Peisenhofen , Pondorf , Ried , string height , Voxbrunn , Weilhof and Weilhof .

There are the districts of Bad Abbach, Dünzling, Lengfeld, Oberndorf, Peising, Poikam and Saalhaupt.

history

Villa Rustica

Spa gardens

Until the 19th century

In Bad Abbach there was a military brickworks for the Legio III Italica in the parcel of brick field in the parcel of brick field in the Roman period from around 180 AD until late antiquity . Archaeologists found traces of civil brickworks in the districts of Dünzling and Gemling.

In the early Middle Ages the area belonged to the dominion of the Duchy of Bavaria . According to both the Hungarian Chronicle by Simon Kezai ("circa castrum abah") and the Bavarian Chronicle by Aventinus ("Lengfeld bei Abbach"), a German army was defeated by the Hungarians near Abbach. The statement by Aventinus that shortly afterwards King Ludwig IV ("the child", + 24th Sept. 911) died, allows a chronological classification in the year 911. This is probably the first mention of Bad Abbach. After Aventine was Henry the Wrangler on May 6, 973 a son, the future Emperor Henry II. , Born at the castle Abbach (for otherwise the theory is his birthplace Hildesheim). King Heinrich II. Donated Abbach in 1007 to the bishopric of Bamberg , which he founded and which in 1109 bequeathed it to the convent of Testinging , founded by Bamberg's bishop Otto I. The Prüfingen abbot had the castle destroyed because he expected resistance from the Bavarian subjects, whereupon the emperor reinstated the Bavarian Duke Ludwig I, the Kelheimer ; he rebuilt the castle and in 1210 granted market rights to the settlement below the castle . Ludwig made Abbach the seat of a nursing court that existed until 1803. Thanks to the ducal customs post in front of the imperial city of Regensburg, the place experienced an economic boom.

The sulfur springs were first mentioned in a document in 1262. According to coin finds, they may have been known to the Romans. It and the moor in Bad Abbach have been used against rheumatic diseases since the 15th century . A regular bathing operation can be proven from 1465. In 1532, Emperor Charles V underwent a spa treatment there.

On May 22, 1754, Electress Maria Anna , accompanied by her husband, Elector Max Joseph and with a large entourage, arrived in Bad Abbach for a spa stay. The cure at that time consisted of a combined drinking and bathing cure with a strict diet. There were concerts, theatrical performances, balls and extensive trips. On June 24th, Maria Anna ended her stay at the spa, which however did not result in the hoped-for birth of an heir to the throne.

The Abbach market had a market court with its own magistrate rights. Until 1803 it was the seat of a nursing office and belonged to the Straubing Rent Office of the Electorate of Bavaria . In the Kingdom of Bavaria, Abbach belonged to the Regenkreis from 1806 to 1837 , the forerunner of the Upper Palatinate administrative district , and since then back to Lower Bavaria.

The place was destroyed several times. In the Thirty Years' War the Swedes devastated the castle and market, in 1809 Abbach was affected by Napoleon's Fifth Coalition War , and half of the building was destroyed in a town fire in 1891.

20th and 21st centuries

Since March 1934, the name of the state-recognized spa has been "Bad Abbach".

More than half of the village was destroyed by artillery fire in 1945. The Bavarian Red Cross took over the old bathhouse in 1949 and the entire spa facilities in 1954. In 1956 the first new rheumatism hospital was opened, followed by two more in the new spa district. In the long run, however, these systems could not be operated economically.

The entire clinic of the Rheumatism Center Bad Abbach was restructured in 2011. After Asklepios acquired the aging BRK facilities in 2004, a new rheumatological clinic, an orthopedic clinic and a rehabilitation clinic were created. The older systems are canceled. The spa park was redesigned in 2010/2011 thanks to 1.278 million euros in aid from the economic stimulus package II .

Incorporations

In 1895 the previously independent community of Abbach-Schloßberg, which was called "Schloßberg-Abbach" until 1865, was incorporated. On January 1, 1972, Poikam was added. On January 1, 1978, Dünzling, Oberndorf, Peising and Saalhaupt followed. With the incorporation of the former municipality of Lengfeld on May 1, 1978, the series of incorporations was completed.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population increased from 6,761 to 12,308 by 5,547 inhabitants or by 82% - the highest percentage increase in population in the Kelheim district in the period mentioned.

politics

Market council

Parts of this article seem out of date as of 2014 .
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

The market council has (excluding the mayor) 24 members. The local elections on March 15, 2020 had the following result with a turnout of 63%:

Party / list	CSU	Free voters	List future	iNBA & Greens	SPD	Active citizens & Bavaria party
Seats	8th	6th	4th	3	1	2
Share of votes	32.69%	26.10%	16.96%	13.93%	3.49%	6.82%

mayor

In the last mayoral election on March 15, 2020, Benedikt Grünewald prevailed against two competitors with 53.29%. He succeeded Ludwig Wachs (Free Voters) who was elected on March 16, 2014.

Town twinning

 France : The intensely cultivated twinning with Charbonnières-les-Bains has existed since 1978 . For the tenth anniversary of the partnership in 1988, a newly built, striking pedestrian and cyclist bridge over the Danube was named after the partner town in Bad Abbach.

Culture and sights

Market square with St. Christophorus and St. Nicholas in the background

View of the market and St. Christophorus

Town center and castle

The town center, which is laid out around the pedestrian zone Am Markt , is overlooked by two hills: the Schloßberg ( 383  m above sea level ) with the parish church of St. Nikolaus and the Abbach castle ruins ("Heinrichsturm") and, south of it, one second hill with the thermal bath Kaiser-Therme ( 379  m above sea level ). The spa park extends to the southwest of the market, several new development areas as well as kindergartens and schools in the north and east.

Buildings

Heinrichsturm

See also : List of architectural monuments in Bad Abbach

• The oldest structures are the remains of a villa rustica with a manor house, outbuildings and bathing facilities, probably from the middle Roman Empire. The foundation walls of this facility came to light during excavations between 1982 and 1984 in the field east of the market. The dating (based on device and coin finds) is imprecise (40–357 AD).
• From Abbach Castle , which was rebuilt under Duke Ludwig dem Kelheim from 1224, only the round keep remains - popularly known as the "Heinrichsturm". This name comes from the assumption that Emperor Heinrich II. Could have been born at Abbach Castle . The 27 m high tower has a 4.5 m thick quarry stone masonry, clad with humpback blocks made of local green sandstone and lime sandstone . There are still a few foundation walls of the palace . The complex, which fell into disrepair in the 15th century, was once around 180 m long and protected by a curtain wall , and had access via a bridge with a gate tower . The already ruinous castle was largely destroyed by the Swedes in the Thirty Years War .
• Several baroque houses with beautiful volute and tail gables have been preserved in Marktstrasse .
• The Catholic market church of St. Christophorus (popularly also known as the “small church”) was founded in 1484 by Abbach citizens as a benefit . After being destroyed by an ice rush on February 28, 1784, a new baroque building was erected. The interior furnishings (high altar, side altar, confessionals) also date from this period. Way of the Cross and bells were added in the 20th century. The church has been restored several times (1935, 1955, 1969, 1987, 2004 and 2009).
• The Catholic parish church of St. Nikolaus am Schloßberg was built in the neo-Gothic style between 1849 and 1852 . In the same place as today's brick church, there were already three previous buildings of different sizes in the Romanesque , Gothic and Baroque styles. The parish cemetery extends around the church .
• In the 1960s , the modern church of the Holy Family was built next to the rectory , a two-story, classicist half-hipped building from 1831 . Due to its location near the market square, it is much easier to reach than the parish church on the Schloßberg.
• The Protestant cruciform church with a striking pyramid-shaped bell tower dates from the 1970s.
• A footbridge over the Danube connects Bad Abbach with the so-called leisure island between two branches of the Danube. This emerged after the Bad Abbach lock canal was built in 1978 to bypass the power station near Poikam because of the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal . Since 1988 the bridge has been called Charbonnières-les-Bains bridge after the French partner town in the market .
• The lion monument on the road between Bad Abbach and Saal was erected in memory of the difficult expansion of the Danube-Uferstraße in the years 1792 to 1794. The route, which partly runs along the steep bank of the Danube, is still part of federal highway 16 today .

Parks and health resorts

Kaiser-Therme in Abbach

The spa park dates from 1872. During the restoration in 2010/2011, the existing park landscape was expanded and modernized with new water features with a rock grotto, a new roundabout in front of the spa center, large green areas with sun loungers , a Hildegard von Bingen herb garden and a small animal enclosure that can be visited during regular opening times. This is located in the rear part of the spa park.

The so-called Kaiser Therme offers a thermal bath with indoor and outdoor pools, a sauna area , spa treatments (massages, mud bath , tub baths) and aqua fitness . This was built in 1993 on the hill south of the market over which the Jurasteig runs. The emperor, meaning Charles V , was admittedly not yet able to cure this complex; but he stayed in Abbach for a cure in 1532 . A 45-minute stay in the salt cave , the salt from the Dead Sea contains is, for example, in diseases of the upper respiratory tract , cardiovascular diseases , skin inflammation and disorders of the autonomic nervous system indicated .

Sports

• TSV Bad Abbach was founded in 1872 as a simple gymnastics club; Today it is a popular sports club with badminton , archery , soccer , handball , bowling , tennis (since 1977), table tennis and other sports. In badminton, the U15 youth team became German team champions in 2010. The sports area is located on the so-called Freizeitinsel, an island in the Danube west of the market. It can only be reached on foot from the market via the Charbonnières-les-Bains bridge , and by car from the other side via the Poikam district.
• The Inselbad, which is well attended in summer, has also been located on the leisure island since 2007 . It is a natural bath that is not chlorinated but biologically cleaned.
• The Deutenhof golf course , located near the Lengfeld district, includes an 18-hole golf course , a 9-hole short course as well as practice facilities and restaurants. It was laid out on a former farm estate in hilly terrain. In 1997 a golf hotel with gastronomy in the style of an English manor house was opened.
• Horse riding , fishing , Nordic walking and dancing are other sponsored leisure activities in Bad Abbach.

Economy and Infrastructure

tourism

In addition to the health spa, which is linked to the clinics, the place also lives from private tourism. There are some hotels, guest houses, holiday apartments, private accommodation and inns.

traffic

Bad Abbach station, about four kilometers southwest of the main town near Lengfeld, is on the Regensburg – Ingolstadt railway line between Regensburg and Ingolstadt . Bad Abbach can also be reached via the A 93 Regensburg- Holledau (exit Bad Abbach) and the B 16 Regensburg-Ingolstadt. Furthermore, the triangle Saalhaupt, which connects the motorway-like B 15n to the A 93, and the first four kilometers of the expressway are in the area of ​​the market town.

DGPS transmission tower Bad Abbach

There is a DGPS transmitter in Bad Abbach , which is operated by the Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration .

Long-distance cycle routes

Several cycle paths lead through the urban area :

• The German Limes Cycle Route follows the Upper German-Raetian Limes over 818 km from Bad Hönningen on the Rhine to Regensburg on the Danube .
• The international Danube Cycle Path leads from the source of the Danube in Donaueschingen to where it flows into the Black Sea . It is around 2845 km long and touches the countries Germany , Austria , Slovakia , Hungary , Croatia , Serbia , Bulgaria and Romania .

energy

Bad Abbach traction power plant

Two hydropower plants are in operation at the Bad Abbach barrage . At the beginning of the lock channel to the left of the weir in Poikam which is hydroelectric power plant Bad Abbach from 1978 with an electrical output of 6.1 megawatts, while the finished in 2000 traction power plant Bad Abbach 3.5 megawatts of power close to the lock in Oberndorf positioned is.

media

• Bad Abbacher Kur- und Geschäftsanzeiger, for 40 years
• Bad Abbacher courier

education

• Elementary school Bad Abbach
• Angrüner Middle School Bad Abbach

Sons and daughters of the market town

• Emperor Heinrich II. (973 / 978-1024) was born in Abbach, according to Aventine.
• Gisela von Bayern (around 985-1060), the sister of Emperor Heinrich II, was later Queen of Hungary. She was probably also born in Abbach. However, there is no evidence of this.

literature

• Hans Wagner: The Lord's Vineyard and Quarry. History of the parish Kapfelberg and Poikam , Kelheim 1985.
• Alois Joseph Weichslgartner: Bad Abbach , in: Unknown Bavaria. Cities on the river , Süddeutscher Verlag, Munich, 1964, reprint 1976, ISBN 3-7991-5869-3
• Alfons Kraus: Bad Abbach - our historical, cultural and social heritage . Philipp Schmidt, 2012, ISBN 978-3-87707-839-6 .
• MG SS 29/2 Ex Simonis de Keza, Gestis Hungarorum, pp. 523 - 546, here p. 534.
• Matthias von Lexer: Johannes Turmair`s, called Aventinus, Bavarian Chronicle, Volume 2 (Johannes Turmair`s complete works 5th vol.) Munich 1886, S.258f. The year of death of King Ludwig IV ("the child") given by Aventinus himself and also by some other sources, 912, is incorrect. The first original document of the subsequent King Konrad I is dated November 10th, 911. The date of death of September 24th, 911 given in the Regesta Imperii for King Ludwig IV. Should be correct.
• Philipp Jedelhauser: The noble free of Schwarzenburg near Rötz (approx. 1054 - 1148), in: Negotiations of the Historical Association for Regensburg and Upper Palatinate, Volume 156 (2016), Regensburg 2017, pp. 95–124, on Bad Abbach, pp. 111f . (available on the internet).
• G. Maurus Gangershofer: Chronicle of the market and bathing resort Abach near Regensburg. From archival and other reliable sources . Munich / Passau / Regensburg 1835 ( e-copy ).

Web links

Commons : Bad Abbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Homepage
• Entry on the coat of arms of Bad Abbach  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Bad Abbach: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Markt Bad Abbach: Market town council. Retrieved May 22, 2020 . 
3. ^ Department of Dünzling. Diocese of Regensburg, accessed on September 4, 2017 . 
4. ^ Community Bad Abbach in the local database of the Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online . Bavarian State Library, accessed on September 4, 2017.
5. ^ "District and municipality directory" ( Memento of December 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ): Bavarian district directory
6. ^ Ulrich Brandl and Emmi Federhofer: Ton + Technik. Roman bricks. Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8062-2403-0 ( publications from the Limes Museum Aalen. No. 61)
7. ↑ ^{a b} Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 493 .
8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 610 and 611 .
9. ^ Institute for communal data processing in Bavaria: Result of the municipal council election on March 16, 2014 - Markt Bad Abbach ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Online at www.akdb.de. Retrieved October 10, 2015.
10. ↑ https://www.landkreis-kelheim.de/wahlen/live/Kommunalwahl2020/09273116/html5/Buergermeisterwahl_Bayern_57_Gemeinde_Markt_Bad_Abbach.html
11. ^ Institute for communal data processing in Bavaria: Result of the mayoral election on March 16, 2014 - Markt Bad Abbach ( Memento from May 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). Online at www.akdb.de. Retrieved October 10, 2015.
12. ^ Partnership committee Bad Abbach - Charbonnières-les-Bains: History of the partnership . Online at www.badabbach-charbonnieres.de. Retrieved October 10, 2013.
13. ↑ Small excerpt from the history book . Online at www.kaiser-therme.de. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
14. ^ German U15 / U19 school team championship from April 30th to May 2nd, 2010 in Gera - report . Online at www.tsv-bad-abbach.de. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
15. ↑ DGPS / satellite navigation. Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration, accessed on December 25, 2016 .