Wittstock / Dosse

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Wittstock / Dosse
Wittstock / Dosse
Map of Germany, position of the city Wittstock / Dosse highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 10 ′  N , 12 ° 29 ′  E

Basic data
State : Brandenburg
County : Ostprignitz-Ruppin
Height : 65 m above sea level NHN
Area : 420.24 km 2
Residents: 14,131 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 34 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 16909
Primaries : 03394, 033923 (Zempow) , 033964 (Fretzdorf) , 033966 (Dranse) , 033967 (Freyenstein)Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : OPR, KY, NP, WK
Community key : 12 0 68 468
City structure: 18 districts

City administration address :
Heiligegeiststrasse 19–23
16909 Wittstock / Dosse
Website : www.wittstock.de
Mayor : Jörg Gehrmann ( CDU / Free Association of Voters)
Location of the city of Wittstock / Dosse in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district
Wittstock/Dosse Heiligengrabe Rheinsberg Neuruppin Lindow (Mark) Vielitzsee Herzberg (Mark) Rüthnick Fehrbellin Kyritz Breddin Stüdenitz-Schönermark Zernitz-Lohm Neustadt (Dosse) Sieversdorf-Hohenofen Dreetz Walsleben Dabergotz Storbeck-Frankendorf Temnitzquell Temnitztal Märkisch Linden Wusterhausen/Dosse Sachsen-Anhalt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Mecklenburg-Vorpommernmap
About this picture
Market with town hall, behind it Heiliggeistkirche and Gröpertor

Wittstock / Dosse is a small town in the Ostprignitz-Ruppin district in the north-west of Brandenburg . It is a member of the “Cities with Historic Town Centers” working group of the state of Brandenburg.

geography

Wittstock is located in Ostprignitz on the northern edge of the Wittstock-Ruppiner Heide , an end moraine landscape shaped by the Ice Age south of the Mecklenburg Lake District . The core city lies in the Dosse lowlands at the confluence of the Dosse and Glinze rivers .

City structure

After incorporation on December 6, 1993 (Babitz and Biesen) and October 26, 2003, Wittstock is one of the largest cities in Germany.

Wittstock consists of the following districts, inhabited districts and residential areas:

Districts

Babitz , Berlinchen , Biesen , Christdorf, Dossow , Dranse , Fretzdorf, Freyenstein , Gadow , Goldbeck , Groß Haßlow , Niemerlang , Rossow , Schweinrich , Sewekow , Wulfersdorf , Zempow , Zootzen

Inhabited parts of the community

Ackerfelde , Eichenfelde, Heinrichsdorf, Klein Haßlow , Neu Cölln, Randow, Tetschendorf

Living spaces

Alt-Daber, Am Damm, expansion, building yard, Brausebachmühle, Charlottenhof, Dudel, Dunkelsruh, Ernstenswille, Friedrichsgüte, Friedrichsgüter mill, glassworks, Griebsee, Gustavsruh, Heinrichsdorfer settlement, Karl-Marx-Hof, Karstedtshof, Kuhlmühle , Lütkendosse, Neu Biesen, Neuendorf, Rheinberger settlement, Red mill, Scharfenberg, Scharfenberger mill, Scharfenberger brickyard Siebmannshorst, Sudrowshof, Walkmühle

history

Mayor's house and official tower of the
old bishop's castle

Wittstock emerged from a Slavic settlement, was first mentioned in 946 in the deed of foundation for the diocese of Havelberg , making it one of the oldest cities in Brandenburg. On September 13, 1248, Wittstock was granted the city charter of Stendal by Bishop Heinrich I. von Havelberg . In 1251 the city received an imprint of the city seal, which is one of the oldest in all of Brandenburg. The Wittstocker Castle , built on the foundations of a Slavic fortification, served the Bishops of Havelberg as a residence from 1271 to 1548. It is therefore also known as the Old Bishop's Castle.

The name (948 "Wizoka", 1271 "Wiztok", 1284 "Witzstock", 1441 "Witstock") has been adapted to the Low German witt (white) and stock (rootstock) in terms of folk etymology . However, it goes back to old Polish vysoka (the high altitude), as the Wittstocker Castle was called that from 946. The name was then transferred to the settlement in the valley.

For the first time a cloth maker was mentioned in 1325 , a teacher in 1328 and a dressmaker in 1333 in the city. On August 23, 1410, Wittstock was shaken by an earthquake. In 1495 a conflagration destroyed large parts of the city. The first city regulations were issued in 1523. With Busso II. Died in 1548, the last bishop of Havelberg on the Wittstocker castle. The rule of the diocese of Havelberg ended in Wittstock in 1550 with the Reformation . From 1364, a medieval leprosy can be found in Wittstock "in front of the Kyritzer Tor" , which was consecrated to St. Georg. It was canceled in 1585.

Copper engraving by Matthäus Merian d. J. from 1652

In the Thirty Years' War in 1636 were victorious in the Battle of Wittstock on Scharfenberg the Sweden over imperial and Saxon troops. In 1638 the plague broke out in Wittstock. 1,500 people, that was half the population, died. Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg visited the city in 1658. In 1681 Wittstock became a post office on the Berlin - Güstrow postal route . The travel time to Berlin at that time was 24 hours. Another big fire in 1716 destroyed two thirds of the city. In order to compensate for the population losses of the last decades, 1750 colonists from Württemberg and the Palatinate were settled in and around Wittstock.

During the war against Napoleon , the city was declared a fortress in 1812 . Wittstock had belonged to the Ostprignitz district in the Prussian province of Brandenburg since 1817 . The first Wittstocker Zeitung - and the oldest in Prignitz at all - appeared in 1826. The Jewish community , which had lived in the city for a long time, built its synagogue at St.-Marien-Straße 2 in 1857 , which was no longer needed in 1928/1929 and was therefore given up. It was torn down in the 1980s without making a mark of remembrance. The Wittstocker Gymnasium was founded in 1869 . In 1885 the city was connected to the railway network via the Wittenberge – Strasburg railway line. This was supplemented in 1899 and 1912 by another route to Neuruppin and Meyenburg . During the First World War , Wittstock was the location of a hospital .

At the beginning of the era of National Socialism 1933, taught SA Standard 39 in the basement of a former tuberculosis sanatorium in the district of Alt-Dobra the concentration camp Alt Daber one. 40 members of the KPD and SPD were imprisoned here, of which 26 were transferred to the Oranienburg concentration camp after the dissolution on July 13, 1933 . The memorial room that was built there in GDR times was removed after 1990, as was the memorial stone in front of the house. During the Second World War , Wittstock was the location of several replacement troops and schools for paratroopers of the Wehrmacht . The outskirts of the city were hit in air strikes. The Red Army occupied Wittstock in 1945 and set up a garrison for the group of Soviet forces in Germany in the city . It existed until June 1994.

From 1952 Wittstock was the county seat of the Wittstock district in the GDR district of Potsdam . During this time, the state-owned company for materials testing machines in Leipzig built and operated a holiday camp for the children of its employees.

In 1968 the VEB Obertrikotagenwerk "Ernst Lück" was founded on the site of the former cloth factory with 400 employees. In 1989, as the city's largest employer, it had 2,800 employees. It was liquidated by the trust in 1990 . The successor companies were unable to establish itself, the last was in 1997 bankruptcy . The long-term documentary series Wittstock documents the lives of the workers in the cloth factory .

In the course of the municipal reform , the city lost its status as a district town in 1993. The Wittstock district merged into the new Ostprignitz-Ruppin district . In 1994 the Alt Daber airfield , which was used as an army airfield, was closed.

After the incorporation of the surrounding villages as part of the municipal reform on October 26, 2003, Wittstock was the third largest city in Germany in terms of area until 2009.

In 2019, Wittstock / Dosse was the organizer of the sixth Brandenburg State Garden Show under the motto "All-round beautiful views".

Population development

year Residents
1875 7 201
1890 7 384
1910 7 577
1925 7 581
1933 8 318
1939 9 010
1946 9 460
1950 10 449
year Residents
1964 10 291
1971 10 667
1981 12,960
1985 13 844
1989 14 408
1990 14 134
1991 13 511
1992 13 348
1993 14 007
1994 13 753
year Residents
1995 13 892
1996 13 878
1997 13 719
1998 13 371
1999 12,933
2000 12 568
2001 12 339
2002 12 022
2003 17 628
2004 16 687
year Residents
2005 16 363
2006 16 108
2007 15 892
2008 15 650
2009 15 407
2010 15 235
2011 14 801
2012 14 708
2013 14 631
2014 14 427
year Residents
2015 14 380
2016 14 291
2017 14 283
2018 14 198
2019 14 131

Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census

The strong population increase in 2003 results from the incorporation of 16 formerly independent municipalities.

politics

City Council

The city council consists of 22 city councilors and the full-time mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:

City administration in Heiligegeiststraße
Party / group Seats
Local elections 2019
Turnout: 47.2%
 %
30th
20th
10
0
26.0%
21.0%
19.5%
17.2%
9.0%
4.0%
3.4%
FWPR b
KBV e
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
b Prignitz-Ruppin Free Voting Association
e Voting group of the district farmers' association Ostprignitz-Ruppin
CDU 6th
Free voter community Prignitz-Ruppin 4th
LEFT 4th
SPD 4th
Voting group of the district farmers' association Ostprignitz-Ruppin 2
GREEN 1
FDP 1

mayor

  • until 1850: Heinrich Kunth
  • 1945: Bruno Wolff
  • 1983–1990: Martin Schäfer (SED)
  • 1990-2007: Lutz Scheidemann (FDP)
  • since 2008: Jörg Gehrmann (CDU / Free Voting Association Prignitz-Ruppin)

Gehrmann was elected mayor on September 27, 2015 with 92.5 percent of the valid votes and a voter turnout of 36.0 percent for a further term of eight years.

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on August 8, 1995.

Wittstock / Dosse coat of arms
Blazon : "" In silver, a red square and tinned castle with two golden pointed towers, each provided with a black window, and a low gate tower with an open black gate, with a golden portcullis and golden gate wings. A red-clad bishop sits enthroned over the battlements of the gate tower, holding a golden bishop's staff in his outspread arms on the right and an open book on the left "."

Town twinning

A town partnership with Höganäs in Sweden has existed since 2004, and a youth exchange took place in spring 2006 between Swedish youths and Wittstock high school students. Another partnership has existed since October 3, 1990 with the rose town of Uetersen in Schleswig-Holstein .

Sights and culture

Buildings

  • Town hall , rebuilt in 1905 to include the medieval court arbor and the cellar of the previous building, inside numerous Art Nouveau elements , paintings for the handover of town charter
  • St. Marien Church from the 13th century, stately three-aisled brick hall church with broad tower and baroque tower dome; Furniture from the 15th century, high altar composed of two late Gothic carved altars by the Lübeck carver Claus Berg , 68 meter high tower with climbing options.
  • Superintendent , half-timbered house that characterizes the cityscape , courtyard worth seeing
  • Telschowsches Haus , first mentioned in 1566, belonged to the old freedom of office, which only fell to the city in 1848. When the Kariolpost drove from Güstrow via Wittstock to Berlin in 1681 , the house was the first post office. The German Foundation for Monument Protection was also involved in the restoration in 2003 and 2005 .
  • The old bishop's castle, theseat of the bishops of Havelberg from 1271 to 1548, consisted of a lower and upper castle (Amtshof) with the 32 meter high keep (Amtsturm), castle wall with three Wiek houses, now the seat of museums
  • City wall with ramparts and moat zones , 2,500 meters long, originally up to eleven meters high, nowadays four to seven meters high, around 30 Wiekhäuser , ramparts and spacious public green areas
  • Daberburg , 3 km north of the city, the last preserved outer work of the medieval fortification
  • Half-timbered house at Königstrasse 33 , more than 300 years old, survived the great fire of 1716, the last evidence of gable-independent construction in Wittstock
  • Gröpertor , built in the 14th century and raised in 1503, is the only one of three city gates to be preserved; until 1867 the gates were closed at night.
  • Heiliggeistkirche , built around 1300, served merchants and travelers as a devotional church, destroyed by a fire in 1730, then rebuilt in its current form.
  • Eagle pharmacy, pharmacy for more than 400 years, Art Nouveau facade and a lovely inner courtyard
  • Friesen-Jahn-Körner monument , commemorates the Wars of Liberation , 116 Wittstockers volunteered for the Landsturm.
  • Schwedenstein (80 t), remembers (since 1997) the thank you service that Johan Banér held under the historic poplar there after the battle at Wittstock he won .
  • Old Castle and New Castle Freyenstein
  • Christdorf village church , one of the first buildings by Friedrich August Stüler
  • The village church Dranse was built in 1861 in place of a previous building in the arched style. Inside there is an Anna selbdritt from the end of the 15th century and a Salvator mundi from the 16th century.
  • The Schweinrich village church , a stone building with a west tower, dates from the second half of the 15th century. Inside there is an altarpiece from the first quarter of the 17th century.
  • Half-timbered church Fretzdorf (1704)

Historical monuments

  • War memorial for the fallen soldiers of the First World War with an additional plaque from 1994 for the soldiers of the Second World War and the victims of displacement and tyranny
  • Cenotaph in Friedrich-Ebert-Park near Pritzwalker Straße from 1950 by the sculptor Carl Lühnsdorf for the victims of fascism
  • Memorial stone from 1952 in front of the Kyritzer Tor for the Jewish cemetery desecrated by the National Socialists
  • Memorial plaque from 1983 at the Kyritzer Tor 4 district court to the anti-fascist Walter Schulz who was murdered by SA men in 1933 in what was then the Nazi police prison
  • Memorial for the murdered anti-fascists Ernst Lück, Walter Schulz and Alfred Seefluth by the sculptor Klaus Simon from 1982 in front of the building of the former VEB Obertrikotagenbetrieb Ernst Lück , which was removed after 1989 and is now stored in the depot of the Ostprignitz Museum
  • Memorial stone in the municipal cemetery on Rote-Mühle-Weg for the anti-fascist victims Ernst Lück, Walter Schulz and Alfred Seefluth
  • Memorial plaque in front of the church in the district of Dossow to commemorate the death march of the inmates of Sachsenhausen concentration camp in April 1945
  • Memorial stone next to four graves in the cemetery of the district of Dossow in memory of four victims of the death march
  • Memorial stone on the grave of honor of two victims of the death march in the cemetery of the Fretzdorf district
  • Memorial stones in the cemetery of the Gadow district for two French prisoners who were victims of the death march
  • Memorial stone in the cemetery of the Rossow district for victims of the death march
  • Stumbling blocks for Jewish citizens murdered during the National Socialist era

Museums

Courtyard of the old bishop's castle

music

There are several choirs in Wittstock, including the choirs of the Wittstock Choir, the Wittstocker Männerchor 1836 e. V. and the school choir of the grammar school. The city's musical life also includes concerts by local instrumental ensembles and organ concerts on the organ of the St. Marien Church as well as the four to five times a year youth event "X-Time" in the Heiliggeistkirche with regional music groups.

Sports

In motorcycling, Wittstock is known nationwide for its speedway races. The MSC "Wölfe" Wittstock club provides a team for the 2nd Speedway Bundesliga , the so-called Team Cup, and organizes top international races.

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

The discounter company Aldi -Nord has one of its regional branches in Wittstock, plus a large central warehouse.

Solar park

In December 2011, an open-air photovoltaic system with an output of 67.8 MWp was built on the site , which was expanded in 2014 to include a battery storage power plant.

traffic

Road traffic

Wittstock is located on the federal highway B 189 to Wittenberge and on the state roads L 14 between Meyenburg and Kyritz and L 15 to Rheinsberg . The Wittstock / Dosse motorway triangle is located south of the city . Wittstock has a direct connection to the A 19 with the Wittstock junction and to the A 24 with the Pritzwalk and Herzsprung junction .

Rail transport
Wittstock railway station (Dosse)

The Wittstock (Dosse) Bahnhof has long crossroads of rail lines Wittenberge-Neustrelitz and Meyenburg Kremmen . The Meyenburg – Wittstock line was closed in 1967, as was the Wittstock – Neustrelitz line in 2000. The RE 6 regional express line , the Prignitz Express , runs on the remaining branches between Wittenberge and Berlin Gesundbrunnen . It also serves the stops in the districts of Dossow and Fretzdorf . A LINT 41 railcar of the DB Regio Nordost has been bearing the name of the city since April 2018 .

The former railway buildings were unused for a long time. In 2013 and 2015 respectively, the city took over the two listed reception buildings from the years 1885 to 1938 and renovated them. The listed locksmith's shop with water tower in the Wittstock (Dosse) depot , which the youth club is to move into, was also renovated by the city. A distribution center for the Swiss Krono company is being built in the former locomotive shed of the railway depot, which is also listed .

education

State schools

The following municipal schools are located in Wittstock:

  • Diesterweg primary school Wittstock
  • Dr. Wilhelm Polthier High School Wittstock
  • Mosaic school, school with the special educational focus “intellectual development” Wittstock
  • School with the special educational focus “learning” Wittstock
  • Wittstock / Dosse municipal high school
  • Waldring primary school Wittstock

Facilities

Wittstock is the seat of the superintendent of the Evangelical Church District Wittstock-Ruppin in the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia . The superintendent is Matthias Doll.

In the vicinity of Wittstock there is a former military training area of the Soviet Army known as the " Bombodrom " .

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with Wittstock

Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor of the City of Wittstock was awarded to:

  • 2009 Hubert Boger as local writer and Werner Risse as runner
  • 2010 Regina Melzer for services within the people's solidarity and Wolfgang Wilcke for his commitment during the time of the fall
  • 2011 Karin Kranz and Horst Thonack
  • 2012 Klaus Rother (1926–2016) and Waldemar Klawohn

literature

Web links

Commons : Wittstock / Dosse  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
  2. Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
  3. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
  4. Ministry of the Interior of the State of Brandenburg (service portal of the state administration): Municipalities> Landkreis Ostprignitz-Ruppin> Stadt Wittstock / Dosse , territorial status: January 1, 2009, as of December 30, 2009.
  5. ^ Friedrich Keutgen : Aemter and guilds. On the origin of the guild system. Fischer, Jena 1903, p. 211.
  6. ^ August Sieberg : Contributions to the earthquake catalog of Germany and neighboring areas for the years 58 to 1799 (= communications of the German Reich Earthquake Service , issue 2). Reichsverlagsamt, Berlin 1940.
  7. ^ Jürgen Belker: Leprosoria in Berlin and Brandenburg . In: Die Klapper. Announcements of the Gesellschaft für Leprakunde eV , year 1998. ( online ( memento of the original from October 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove it Note. , Accessed January 26, 2017). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lepramuseum.de
  8. Airfield & skydiving school & barracks, Wittstock (monuments in Brandenburg)
  9. Horst Jäkel (ed.): GDR unforgotten. In it Helga Klug: The top tricot work "Ernst Lück". Schkeuditz 2016, ISBN 978-3-89819-430-3 , pp. 25ff.
  10. LAGA in Wittstock / Dosse - beautiful views all around. LAGA website.
  11. ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Landkreis Ostprignitz-Ruppin . Pp. 26-29
  12. Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2017 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
  13. ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
  14. ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
  15. ^ Clemens Vollnhals: The Church Policy of the SED and State Security. An interim balance. in the Google book search, Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 1997, p. 64.
  16. Märkische Allgemeine from February 10, 2019, accessed on May 29, 2020
  17. The chairman of the city council handed over the chain of office to Mayor Gehrmann. on www.wittstock.de
  18. Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 74
  19. ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 27, 2015 , accessed on October 6, 2015
  20. Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
  21. First stumbling blocks against oblivion in Wittstock . March 20, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
  22. Homepage MSC “Wölfe” Wittstock , accessed on September 30, 2015.
  23. BELECTRIC reference solar power plant Alt Daber ( Memento of the original dated August 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 291 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.belectric.com
  24. Solar park with storage provides controllable power . In: Renewable Energies. Das Magazin , November 27, 2014. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  25. Alt Daber tests the latest power storage  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg , November 26, 2014. Retrieved January 15, 2016.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.rbb-online.de  
  26. Björn Wagener: Regional train named "Wittstock Dosse". In: Märkische Allgemeine. April 18, 2018, accessed April 30, 2018 .
  27. Wittstock: Young life on old railway grounds - Schneider presents funding notification | Mil. Ministry of Infrastructure and State Planning Brandenburg, January 18, 2018, accessed on January 30, 2019 .
  28. Swiss Krono establishes a presence in Wittstock. Accessed January 30, 2019 .
  29. ^ List of all schools in the Brandenburg school portrait
  30. Award of honorary citizenship of the city of Wittstock / Dosse to Superintendent i. R. Kurt Zellmer. City of Wittstock / Dosse, December 16, 2009, accessed on June 18, 2013 .
  31. Honorary citizenship for Dr. Wolfgang Dost. City of Wittstock / Dosse, September 28, 2011, accessed on June 18, 2013 .
  32. Dirk Klauke: Wittstock town hall tower crowned on Thursday. In: MAZarchiv.de. Märkische Allgemeine, August 28, 2009, accessed May 20, 2013 .
  33. ^ Homepage of the city of Wittstock