31st Division (German Empire)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The 31st Division , also known as the 31st Infantry Division for the duration of the mobile relationship , was a large unit of the Prussian Army .

structure

The division was part of the XXI. Army Corps .

Peace structure 1914

Organization of war during mobilization in 1914

  • 32nd Infantry Brigade
    • 8th Rhenish Infantry Regiment No. 70
    • 10th Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 174
  • 62nd Infantry Brigade
    • Infantry Regiment "Margrave Karl" (7th Brandenburg) No. 60
    • 2nd Lower Alsatian Infantry Regiment No. 137
    • Infantry Regiment "Hessen-Homburg" No. 166
  • Uhlan regiment "Grand Duke Friedrich von Baden" (Rhenish) No. 7
  • 31st Artillery Brigade in Haguenau
    • 1st Lower Alsatian Field Artillery Regiment No. 31
    • 2nd Lower Alsatian Field Artillery Regiment No. 67
  • 1st Company / 2nd Rhenish Pioneer Battalion No. 27

Division of War of October 28, 1918

  • 32nd Infantry Brigade
    • 8th Rhenish Infantry Regiment No. 70
    • Infantry Regiment "Hessen-Homburg" No. 166
    • 10th Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 174
    • 5th Squadron / Uhlan Regiment "Grand Duke Friedrich von Baden" (Rheinisches) No. 7
  • Artillery Commander No. 31
  • Engineer Battalion No. 93
  • Division News Commander No. 31

history

The division was established on March 20, 1871, had its headquarters in Strasbourg until 1912 and then in Saarbrücken until the dissolution of the large association in early 1919.

Battle calendar

1914

  • July 31 to August 8 - border guard against France (parts of the division)
  • 0August 8-19 - Border Guard Battle in Lorraine
  • August 20-22 - Battle of Lorraine
  • August 22nd to September 14th - Battle of Nancy - Epinal
  • September 23 to October 6 - Battle of the Somme
  • 0October 7-10 - trench warfare west of St. Quentin
  • from October 7th - trench warfare on the Somme

1915

  • until January 18 - trench warfare on the Somme
  • January 19 to February 2 - transport to the east
  • 0February 4th to 22nd - Winter battle in Masuria
  • February 23 to March 6 - Battles on Bobr
  • 0March 9-12 - Battles at Sejny
  • March 25-30 - Skirmishes near Krasnopol and Krasne
  • March 31 to July 20 - positional battles between Augustów , Mariampol and Pilwiszki
  • July 21st to August 7th - fights at Jesia and Wejwery
  • 0August 8-18 - Siege of Kovno
  • August 19 to September 8 - Battle of Nyemen
  • 0September 9 to October 2 - Battle of Vilnius
  • from October 3rd - trench warfare between Krewo- Smorgon - Narotsch and Tveretsch

1916

  • 0January 1 to December 31 - Trench warfare between Krewo-Smorgon-Narotsch and Tveretsch

1917

  • until September 17th - positional battles between Krewo-Smorgon-Narotsch and Tveretsch
  • September 18 to December 5 - Trench warfare between Niemen - Berezina -Krewo-Smorgon-Naroch and Tweretsch
  • 0December 6-17 - ceasefire and transport to the west
  • from December 18 - trench warfare in Flanders

1918

  • until April 9th ​​- trench warfare in Flanders
  • April 10-29 - Battle of Kemmel
  • April 30th to July 27th - Trench warfare in Flanders
  • July 29th to September 11th - trench warfare between Meuse and Moselle
  • September 12-14 - evasive battles in the Mihiel Arch
  • September 15 to October 10 - trench warfare in the Woëvre plain and west of the Moselle
  • October 11th to 28th - Trench warfare on the heights west of the Moselle
  • October 29th to 31st - Defensive battles between Argonne and Meuse
  • October 29th to November 11th - Defensive battle in the Champagne and Meuse
    • 0November 1st to 11th - defensive battles between Aire and Maas, retreat battles and transition to the right bank of the Meuse
  • from November 12th - evacuation of the occupied territory and march home

Commanders

Rank Surname date
Lieutenant General Otto von Hoffmann March 20, 1871 to March 17, 1872
Lieutenant General Ludwig von Wittich March 18, 1872 to April 11, 1873
Major General / Lieutenant General Bernhard von Schkopp April 12, 1873 to January 25, 1878
Lieutenant General Helmuth von Ziemietzky January 26, 1878 to May 13, 1881
Lieutenant General Hermann Berger May 14, 1881 to May 9, 1883
Lieutenant General Karl von Brandenstein May 15, 1883 to November 12, 1884
Lieutenant General Richard Loewe November 13, 1884 to August 1, 1888
Major general Friedrich Wilhelm Stockmarr 0August 4 to September 18, 1888 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm Stockmarr September 19, 1888 to July 14, 1889
Lieutenant General Moritz Kühne July 15, 1889 to January 26, 1891
Lieutenant General Rudolf von Zingler January 27, 1891 to December 18, 1893
Lieutenant General Eduard of Jena December 19, 1893 to January 26, 1896
Lieutenant General Ludwig August Boecklin from Boecklingsau January 27, 1896 to May 21, 1899
Lieutenant General Karl von Hugo May 22, 1899 to September 11, 1902
Lieutenant General Richard Richter September 12, 1902 to April 21, 1903
Lieutenant General Oskar von Rohrscheidt April 22, 1903 to November 27, 1905
Lieutenant General Paul Zunker November 28, 1905 to March 1, 1907
Lieutenant General Ferdinand Waenker from Dankenschweil 0March 2, 1907 to March 21, 1910
Lieutenant General Curt from Pavel March 22nd to April 24th, 1910
( Württ. ) Lieutenant General Paul von Schaefer April 25, 1910 to February 3, 1913
Major general Albert von Berrer 0February 4 to 17, 1913 (in charge of the tour)
Lieutenant General Albert von Berrer February 18, 1913 to August 26, 1916
Lieutenant General Georg Nagel August 26, 1916 to November 26, 1917
Lieutenant General Paul von Wissel November 27, 1917 to January 18, 1919

literature

  • Hall of Fame of our Old Army. Published on the basis of official material from the Reichsarchiv , Militär-Verlag, Berlin 1927, pp. 69, 130.
  • Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army Which Participated in the War (1914-1918). United States War Office as War Department Document No. 905, Office of the Adjutant, 1920, pp. 395-398.
  • The battles and skirmishes of the Great War 1914–1918. Great General Staff, Berlin 1919.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dermot Bradley (ed.), Günter Wegner: Occupation of the German Army 1815-1939. Volume 1: The higher command posts 1815–1939. Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück 1990, ISBN 3-7648-1780-1 , p. 127.