List of stumbling blocks in Styria

Stumbling blocks for three members of the Silberstein family, shortly after the laying, whose participants laid pebbles

The list of stumbling blocks in Styria contains stumbling blocks in the Austrian state of Styria , which remind of the fate of the people who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide by the National Socialists there. The Stolpersteine were made by Gunter Demnig , many laid by him personally; Planning, organization and financing was carried out by the Association for Memorial Culture in Graz, and numerous people donate the laying of a stone.

The stumbling blocks are usually in front of the victim's last self-chosen place of residence, sometimes also in front of his place of work.

Graz

The following stumbling blocks were laid in the provincial capital Graz from 2013 to September 2019:

The table can be sorted by name and location; the edited basic sorting is carried out alphabetically according to family name, first name, year of birth. - For Rosa Dicker, Edgar Düdner and Richard Zach, 2 stones were laid in different places, in order of the laying date.

inscription	Location	Name, life
THEY WERE FOLLOW- UP IN SCHOOL IN 1938 THEY WERE JEWS	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee, a total of 28 stones laid on June 27, 2017
HERE LEARNED FRANZ ADLER JG. 1922 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Franz Adler
FRANZ BARANYAI JG WORKED HERE . DEPORTED 1891 MURDERED JULY 1943 AUSCHWITZ	Paulustorgasse 8 relocated on July 27, 2013	Franz Baranyai (* 1891) was a police officer with the security and auxiliary service in Graz and complained by letter to the Reich Governor about "unjustified treatment as a gypsy". A review of the Lieutenancy revealed that he appeared in the "Gypsy Register" of his home town. His brothers had already been deported, his deportation was planned. Despite Aryan evidence that he was able to present, the authorities decided that he was "to be regarded as a full gypsy". In April 1942 he was dismissed from the police force and repeatedly lost jobs because the district administrator of Fürstenfeld repeatedly intervened with employers and pointed out his "Gypsy descent". Baranyai was deported and murdered in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in July 1943 .
ERICH BENEDIKT JG LIVED HERE . 1911 ESCAPE 1938/39 USA	Grieskai 50 relocated on June 29, 2018	Erich Benedikt
JOSEF BENEDIKT JG LIVED HERE . 1876 CANTOR OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY ESCAPE 1938 USA	Grieskai 50	Joseph Benedict
LEO BENEDIKT JG LIVED HERE . 1909 ESCAPED 1938 HUNGARY USA	Grieskai 50	Leo Benedict
HERE LIVED REGINA BENEDICT GEB. GOLDSTEIN JG. 1886 ESCAPE 1938 HUNGARY USA	Grieskai 50	Regina Benedikt b. Goldstein
ALFRED BLÜH JG LIVED HERE . 1922 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1939 ESCAPE 1939 YUGOSLAVIA PALESTINE 1943 EGYPT	Annenstrasse 31 relocated on June 17, 2016	Alfred Blüh was born in 1922. The Blüh family had a leather goods shop at Annenstrasse 31 and lived there too. After expropriation and fleeing to what was then Yugoslavia , his father Wilhelm Blüh died in Ljubljana in 1939 of a heart attack. Wilhelm Blüh's wife Olga Blüh and the children from his first marriage Gertrude (married Scharfstein), Alfred and Hans survived and fled on various escape routes via Yugoslavia to Ecuador , Palestine / Egypt and the USA . After the war, most of the family moved to Chile .
GERTRUDE BLÜH VERH LIVED AND WORKED HERE. SCHARFSTEIN JG. 1914 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1939 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND, ECUADOR	Annenstrasse 31 relocated on June 17, 2016	Gertrude Scharfstein born Bloom
HANS BLÜH JG LIVED AND WORKED HERE . 1912 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1939 ESCAPED YUGOSLAVIA, USA	Annenstrasse 31 relocated on June 17, 2016	Hans Bloh
OLGA BLÜH GEB. LIVED AND WORKED HERE. FLEISCHER JG. 1889 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1939 ARRESTED 1939 RELEASED ON SECURITY ESCAPE 1939 YUGOSLAVIA, ITALY 1943 EQUADOR	Annenstrasse 31 relocated on June 17, 2016	Olga Blüh born butcher
WILHELM BLÜH JG LIVED AND WORKED HERE . 1880 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 DACHAU BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1939 ESCAPE 1939 YUGOSLAVIA DEAD ON THE CONSEQUENCES 7.12.1941 LJUBLJANA	Annenstrasse 31 relocated on June 17, 2016	Wilhelm Bloh
ALOIS BLÜHWEIS JG LIVED HERE . 1876 MISTRADED BY SS 1938 BUSINESS 1938 'ARIZED' ESCAPE 1938 YUGOSLAVIA ARRIVED 9.2.1942 DEPORTED 1942 KZ JASENOVAC MURDERED	Elisabethstrasse 35 relocated on August 16, 2016	Alois Blühweis
HERE LIVED HELMA BERTA BLÜHWEIS JG. 1926 ESCAPE 1938 YUGOSLAVIA 1943 ITALY	Elisabethstrasse 35 relocated on August 16, 2016	Helma Blühweis, daughter of Alois.
BERTHA BONYHADY GEB.STÖSSL JG. 1863 DEAD 1940	Feuerbachgasse 10 relocated on September 27, 2017	Bertha Bonyhady
BERTHOLD (BERTSCHI) BONYHADY JG LIVED HERE . 1896 1936 RETURNED FROM MAGDEBURG TO GRAZ INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 15.10.1941 LODZ MURDERED	Feuerbachgasse 10 relocated on September 27, 2017	Berthold Bonyhady
HERE LIVED EDITH Bonyhady GEB. REISS JG. 1894 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND AUSTRALIA	Grieskai 2 relocated on September 27, 2017	Edith Bonyhady
HERE LIVED EDWARD (EDWARD) Bonyhady JG. 1888 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 ARRESTED 11/12/1938 DACHAU DISCHARGED 12/12/1938 ESCAPED 1939 ENGLAND, AUSTRALIA	Grieskai 2 relocated on September 27, 2017	Eduard Bonyhady
HERE LIVED ELISABETH (ELSE) Bonyhady GEB. SAMTER JG. 1899 1936 RETURNED FROM MAGDEBURG TO GRAZ IMPROVEDLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 15.10.1941 LODZ, 1944 AUSCHWITZ MURDERED	Feuerbachgasse 10 relocated on September 27, 2017	Elisabeth Bonyhady
HERE LIVED ERICH (ERIC) Bonyhady JG. 1923 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND AUSTRALIA	Grieskai 2 relocated on September 27, 2017	Erich Bonyhady
HERE LEARNED ERICH BONYHADY JG. 1923 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND AUSTRALIA	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Erich Bonyhady
HERE LIVED FREDERICK (FRED) Bonyhady JG. 1928 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND AUSTRALIA	Grieskai 2 relocated on September 27, 2017	Friedrich Bonyhady
SALOMON BONYHADY JG LIVED HERE . 1861 ARRESTED MARCH 1938 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 ABUSED DEAD 1939	Feuerbachgasse 10 relocated on September 27, 2017	Salomon Bonyhady
ODILIE BORGES JG LIVED HERE . 1864 INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1939 DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MALY TROSTINEC MURDERED	Alberstrasse 18 relocated on July 17, 2015	Ottilie Borges was born on November 7, 1864 in Prague. She was married to a court chief from Grobming , who died early. She remained childless, worked as a housewife and gave French lessons. At the end of 1939, as a Jew, she was forced to vacate her apartment at Alberstrasse 18 and move to a collective apartment in Vienna. On June 28, 1942, she was deported from her last place of residence at Seegasse 16, Vienna 9, towards Theresienstadt . On August 25, 1942, she was transferred to the Maly Trostinez extermination camp, southeast of Minsk, where she was murdered.
FELLA BORUCHOWICTZ JG LIVED HERE . 1934 HOUSE 'ARIZED' INGREDIENTLY DELAYED JANUARY 1938 1939 FATE UNKNOWN	Josef-Huber-Gasse 4 relocated on September 27, 2017	Fella Boruchowitz
HERE LIVED KAROLINE BORUCHOWICS GEB. TEITELBAUM HOUSE 'ARIZED' 1938 OF THE COUNTRY REJECTED FATE UNKNOWN	Josef-Huber-Gasse 4 relocated on September 27, 2017	Karoline Boruchowics, relative of the Silberstein family
NATHAN BORUCHOWICTZ JG LIVED HERE . 1901 HOUSE 'ARIZED' INGREDIENTLY DELIVERED JANUARY 1938 1939 FATE UNKNOWN	Josef-Huber-Gasse 4 relocated on September 27, 2017	Nathan Boruchowitz
HERE LEARNED HANS BERNHARD BRAUN JG. 1924 ESCAPE ENGLAND 1940 USA	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Hans Bernhard Braun
HERE WORKED FATHER ANSGAR BREHM JG. 1890 ARRESTED IN CHRISTIAN RESISTANCE July 23, 1941 'HEIMTÜCKE' PENALTY IN KARLAU RELEASED 1.8.1943	Mariahilferplatz 3, Mariahilf parish relocated on July 4, 2014	Ansgar Brehm OFM Conv., Born on July 20, 1890 in Theilheim , joined the Minorite Order of Würzburg at the age of 22 . During the First World War he worked as a nurse. He studied theology in Freiburg , Switzerland . There he was ordained a priest in 1921 . From 1922 to 1929 he worked as a chaplain in the parish of Neunkirchen and from 1929 in the parish of Mariahilf in Graz . On various charges he was arrested by the Gestapo in July 1941 and sentenced to three years in prison by a special court at the regional court in Graz in January 1942. The detention took place in the Karlau prison . On August 1, 1943, he was pardoned and released on parole.
HERE LIVED HILDEGARDSHEIM BURGER BORN FREIHSE JG. 1903 IM WIDERSTAND / KPÖ ARRESTED 1941 'HIGHLY TREASONED' DEATH CONDUCT May 20, 1943 EXECUTED September 23, 1943	Sackstrasse 26 relocated on July 17, 2017	Hildegard Burger born Freihse was born on November 6, 1905 in Zeltweg , lived as a housewife in Graz, supported the Red Aid and was active as a liaison woman in the communist resistance from 1940. She was arrested by the Gestapo in 1935, 1939 and most recently in 1941. On May 20, 1943, she was sentenced to death by the Higher Regional Court of Vienna, which was sitting in Graz, for "preparing for high treason", for example by passing on the magazine Der Rote Stosstrupp , and was executed by the guillotine on September 23, 1943 in the Graz Regional Court . Your name can be found on the plaque in the former execution room of the Graz regional court.
HERE LEARNED ALFRED DEUTSCH JG. 1923 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Alfred German
HERE WORKED MARIA (MARY) DICKER GEB. KOREF JG. 1867 BUSINESS 1938 'LIQUIDATED' INVOLVEDLY DELAYED 1939 VIENNA FATE UNKNOWN	Sackstrasse 16 relocated on September 27, 2017	Maria Dicker
MICHAEL DICKER JG WORKED HERE . 1867 BUSINESS 1938 'LIQUIDATED' FATE UNKNOWN	Sackstrasse 16 relocated on September 27, 2017	Michael Dicker, business partner of Markus Silberstein
ROSA DICKER JG WORKED HERE . 1872 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 20.6.1942 THERESIENSTADT 1942 MURDERED TREBLINKA	Albrechtgasse 4 (1st stone) relocated on September 27, 2017	Pink thicker
HERE LIVED PINK THICK JG. 1872 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 20.6.1942 THERESIENSTADT 1942 MURDERED TREBLINKA	Sackstrasse 21 (2nd stone, residential building) relocated on November 22, 2017	Pink thicker
HERE LIVED ANNA CHANNA Dortort GEB. KORNER JG. 1898 FLIGHT 1939 YUGOSLAVIA KLADOVO TRANSPORT MURDERED 1942 SAJMIŠTE	Jakoministraße 10 relocated on July 4, 2014	Anna Channa Rechla Dortort b. Körner was born on March 15, 1898 in Stryi , Galicia. She had several siblings and followed them to the Styrian capital. Of these, four were certainly later murdered by the Nazi regime, two others are suspected. From 1922 Anna Dortort worked as a milliner in a hat shop on Jakominigasse in Graz and met the typesetter Franz Heim Dortort in Budapest, whom she married in 1924. They had two children: Blanka (* 1924) and Leo (* 1928). From 1935 to 1937 Anna Dortort ran a small pastry shop in Jakominigasse 10, where she lived with her family on the first floor. After the annexation of Austria , the family lost their job and apartment and had to move to a collective apartment at Zweiglgasse 14 on October 5, 1938. Daughter Blanka was brought to safety on November 2, 1938 on a children's transport to Palestine . Anna, Franz and Leo Dortort fled to Yugoslavia on March 12, 1939 and joined the Kladovo transport . After two years, the 12-year-old son Leo was able to flee to Palestine by land. Anna Dortort was allegedly murdered in a gas truck from the Sajmište concentration camp , and her husband was shot by the Nazi regime. October 12, 1941 was set as the date of death.
BLANKA LIVED THERE JG. 1924 ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Jakoministraße 10 relocated on July 4, 2014	Blanka Dortort was the daughter of Anna and Franz Dortort and was born in 1924. On November 2, 1938, she was able to flee to Palestine with 80 young Jews. Her younger brother Leo was able to escape from Šabac by land to Palestine in March 1941 . Mother and father were murdered by the Nazi regime. Blanka Dortort later married Kalman Flaks in Palestine. The couple had two children, Hanika and Michal, and four grandchildren.
FRANZ HAIM JG LIVED HERE . 1897 FLIGHT 1939 YUGOSLAVIA KLADOVO-TRANSPORT MURDERED 10/12/1941 ŠABAC	Jakoministraße 10 relocated on July 4, 2014	Franz Haim Dortort was born on March 26, 1897 in Boryslaw in Galicia and grew up in Hungary. In Budapest he met his future wife Anna Channa Körner. After completing his apprenticeship as typesetter, he worked for some time in Bratislava, then went to Graz and married in 1924. Daughter Blanka was born in the same year, and son Leo five years later. Initially, the family lived at Wielandgasse 23, after Leo was born on the first floor of Jakominigasse 10. In the same house, his wife had worked as a milliner in a hat shop from 1922 to 1924, and Franz Dortort was the manager of a haberdashery there. His daughter was brought to safety on November 2, 1938 on a Kindertransport to Palestine. On March 12, 1939 Anna and Franz Dortort fled with their 10-year-old son Leo to Yugoslavia and joined the Kladovo transport . In March 1941, around 200 young people managed to escape overland to Palestine via Greece, Istanbul, Aleppo and Beirut, including Leo, who was now 12 years old. The parents could no longer leave Šabac . All adult men on the transport were shot by the Nazi regime, including Franz Dortort on October 12, 1941. The women and remaining children were murdered in gas vans between 1941 and May 1942, including Anna Channa Dortort.
HERE LIVED LEO Dortort JG. 1928 ESCAPE 1939 YUGOSLAVIA KLADOVO TRANSPORT 1941 PALESTINE	Jakoministraße 10 relocated on July 4, 2014	Leo Dortort was born on September 18, 1928 in Graz to Anna and Franz Dortort. His sister Blanka was born in 1924. He attended the Jewish elementary school near the synagogue. Although he was allowed to attend the dyeing school on Mehlplatz for a while in the afternoon, he was then excluded from classes as a Jewish student. In October they were forced to move to a collective flat in Graz, in November they were separated from their sister, who was able to flee to Palestine on a children's transport, and on March 12, 1939, they fled to Yugoslavia with their father and mother. In March 1941, Leo Dortort managed to save himself in a group of around 200 young people by land via Greece, Istanbul, Aleppo and Beirut to Palestine. Mother and father were murdered by the Nazi regime. In 1946 Leo Dortort was committed to the Jewish Settlement Police for two years . In 1950 he returned to Austria to arrange the restoration of the Aryanized assets. In 1954 he emigrated to Canada.
KARL DREWS JG LIVED HERE . 1901 IN RESISTANCE / KPÖ ARRIVED 7/28/1941 DEATH JUDGMENT 7/28/1942 EXECUTED 10/7/1942	Elisabethstraße 14 relocated on July 17, 2015	Karl Drewswas born on October 29, 1901 in Trieste as the son of a machine officer, after whose retirement the family moved from Trieste to Graz. Escape to France, his wife was arrested by the Gestapo and fled to Great Britain. After his first appearance at the Graz Opera in September 1938, he was arrested in the course of a wave of arrests against communists, but released after a few days.
HERE LIVED EDGAR 'EDI' DÜDNER JG. 1921 REJECTED FROM SCHOOL 1938 IMPROVIDLY WITHDRAWN 1939 VIENNA ESCAPE FRANCE INTERNED SEPTFONDS, DRANCY DEPORTED 31.8.1942 AUSCHWITZ MURDERED	Griesgasse 26 relocated on August 16, 2016	Edgar Düdner, son of Isak and Sara
HERE EDGAR 'EDI' DÜDNER JG LEARNED . 1921 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA ESCAPE FRANCE INTERNED SEPTFONDS, DRANCY DEPORTED 31.8.1942 AUSCHWITZ MURDERED	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Edgar Düdner
ERNST 'DAVID' DÜDNER JG LIVED HERE . 1919 ESCAPE 1939 BELGIUM, FRANCE UNKNOWN FATE	Griesgasse 26 (1st stone) relocated on August 16, 2016	Ernst Düdner, son of Isak and Sara
HERE LIVED Hedwig DÜDNER GEB. KESTEN JG. 1867 BUSINESS 1939 'ARIZED' INVOLVEDLY WITHDRAWN 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 6.5.1943	Griesgasse 26 relocated on August 16, 2016	Hedwig Düdner
ISAK DÜDNER JG LIVED HERE . 1888 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 BUSINESS 1939 'ARIZED' INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 5.6.1942 GHETTO IZBICA MURDERED	Griesgasse 26 relocated on August 16, 2016	Isak Düdner
SARA DÜDNER GEB. LIVED HERE DIDNER JG. 1896 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 5.6.1942 GHETTO IZBICA MURDERED	Griesgasse 26 relocated on August 16, 2016	Sara Düdner
HERE ARTUR EIBUSCHÜTZ JG LEARNED . 1926 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Artur Eibuschütz
HERBERT EICHHOLZER JG LIVED HERE . 1903 ARRIVED IN THE RESISTANCE / KPÖ 7.2.1941 'HIGH TREATY' DEATH CONDUCT 9.9.1942 EXECUTED 7.1.1943	Schröttergasse 7 relocated on July 4, 2014	Herbert Eichholzer was born on January 31, 1903 in Graz. From 1913 he lived at Kirchengasse 15 (today: Schröttergasse 7). In 1922 he passed the Matura . He completed his architecture studies at TU Graz in 1928. 1931/32 construction management of the Graz employment office. 1932-1939 he was in the Frankfurt planning group for residential cities in Moscow. He got involved with the socialists and took part in the February fighting in 1934. Before the 1938 vote, he distributed leaflets against the Anschluss of Austria. Eichholzer fled to Trieste, Switzerland, Paris, the center of Austrian exile. He organized retraining and refugee aid for the KPÖ. Worked as an architect in France, Germany, Turkey. . He distributed a leaflet against the Nazi euthanasia practice. Eichholz came to Verdun, was arrested on January 20, 1941 and taken to Vienna, where he and others were sentenced to death in 1942 for high treason. Herbert Eichholzer was executed with the guillotine on January 7, 1943 in the Vienna Regional Court .
HANS EISLER JG LIVED HERE . 1925 ESCAPE 1939 'LISL-TRANSPORT' PALESTINE	Andragasse 13 relocated on November 27, 2017	Hans Eisler
HERE KURT EISLER JG LEARNED . 1922 ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Kurt Eisler
KURT EISLER JG LIVED HERE . 1922 ESCAPE 1938 YOUTH TRANSPORT PALESTINE	Andragasse 13 relocated on November 27, 2017	Kurt Eisler
MARGARETHE (GRETE) EISLER GEB. LIVED HERE FRIED JG. 1896 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 'LISL-TRANSPORT' PALESTINE	Andragasse 13 relocated on November 27, 2017	Margarethe Eisler
WALTER EISLER JG LIVED HERE . 1897 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 'LISL-TRANSPORT' PALESTINE	Andragasse 13 relocated on November 27, 2017	Walter Eisler
HERE LIVED KARL Endstrasser JG. 1904 WITNESS JEHOVA 'S WAR SERVICE REFUSES DEATH SENTENCE 11/22/1939 EXECUTED 12/15/1939 BERLIN-PLÖTZENSEE	Wiener Strasse 53 relocated on July 27, 2013	Karl Endstrasser (born December 3, 1904) refused military service as a Jehovah's Witness at the beginning of September 1939 for reasons of conscience . On November 21, 1939, he was one of the first conscientious objectors to be sentenced to death by the Reich Court Martial in Berlin and executed on December 15, 1939 in Berlin-Plötzensee .
HERE LIVED HEINRICH ENGEL JG. 1897 DEFEATED 1938 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Lazarettgasse 12 relocated on July 4, 2014	Heinrich Engel was born in 1897 and married Rosa Silber in 1926. The Engel and Silber families came from Galicia and settled in Graz before the First World War. The couple had two children: Gerda (* 1927) and Alfred (* 1930), who called himself Avram after emigrating. They lived in extremely modest circumstances, first in Pestalozzistraße, then in Lazarettgasse 12, where Heinrich Engel's father-in-law, Elias Silber, had set up a small grocery store in the 1930s. The children attended the Jewish elementary school on Grieskai. For economic reasons, the family emigrated to Palestine in 1933, but after three years they returned to the relatives in Graz. In retrospect, Avram Engel judged the return to be inexplicable, "when the signs were so clear and so loud." Immediately after the annexation of Austria , the situation deteriorated dramatically. On November 2, 1938, the family was issued an eviction order. Heinrich Engel escaped arrest by the Gestapo only by chance. Several relatives, however, were affected by the mass arrests in the course of the November pogroms in 1938 . There followed many attempts by the angels to find an opportunity to emigrate. When this initially turned out to be hopeless, at least the children were supposed to be brought to safety in Sweden or England, which also failed. At the end of April 1939, Heinrich and Rosa Engel escaped with their two underage children by ship to Palestine. A total of 720 Austrians were able to flee on the Lisl , registered under the Panamanian flag , including more than 200 from Styria. Until the parents in Haifa could afford their own accommodation, Avram Engel lived with an elderly couple in Haifa. After moving to Tel Aviv , his parents got by with odd jobs. After a while, the Engels were able to make things “relatively acceptable” and no longer thought of returning to Austria. Several relatives who were unable to integrate economically emigrated to Canada or the USA. Heinrich and Rosa's daughter Gerda married a former Graz native and followed him to Germany because of his job. Son Avram stayed in Israel, studied architecture, got married and had two children.
HERE LIVED PINK ANGELS BORN SILVER JG. 1905 DEFEATED 1938 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Lazarettgasse 12 relocated on July 4, 2014	Rosa Engel, born Silber was born in 1905 as the daughter of Elias Silber. She had at least one sister, Sophie, born on June 7, 1899 in Stanislaw. In 1926 she married Heinrich Engel. The couple had two children: Gerda (* 1927) and Alfred (* 1930), both of whom attended the Jewish elementary school on Grieskai. The family lived in extremely modest circumstances, first in Pestalozzistraße, then in Lazarettgasse 12, where their father, Elias Silber, had set up a small grocery store in the 1930s. The children attended the Jewish elementary school on Grieskai. For economic reasons, the family emigrated to Palestine in 1933, but after three years they returned to the relatives in Graz. After the annexation of Austria in 1938, her father's business was Aryanized , the Gestapo attempted to arrest her husband, and finally on November 2 of the same year the entire family was evicted. The family does not have a visa and also no places for Gerda and Alfred in the Kindertransport. In April 1939 the Engel family was able to flee to Palestine on the Lisl cattle ship . The father stayed behind and was murdered in the Buchenwald concentration camp in early 1940 . The sister was able to flee to Italy and was caught by the Nazi regime in 1944, deported to Auschwitz and also murdered.
HERE LEOPOLD ENIS JG. 1925 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Leopold Enis
HERE LEARNED RUDOLF FLEISCHHACKER JG. 1925 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Rudolf Fleischhacker
HERE LIVED OTHMAR OF GADOLLA JG. 1895 MURDERED 03/15/1938	Schönaugasse 86 relocated on July 17, 2015	Othmar von Gadolla, also Otmar , was born on June 11, 1895 as the son of Klemens Ritter von Gadolla (1847-1919). He had five siblings, including the later lieutenant colonel Josef Ritter von Gadolla , who in 1945 surrendered the city of Gotha to the Allies without a fight and was sentenced to death by the Nazi judiciary and shot dead. Othmar von Gadolla took part in the First World War, retired as a captain and became the chief police officer (official secretary) in Graz. In 1919 he married Josefine Hatzy, the couple had four sons and a daughter. As a monarchist, von Gadolla was in opposition to National Socialism. He was shot dead in his office on March 15, 1938 in the course of a scuffle with SA men. Because it was inconvenient for the National Socialists, his death was officially portrayed as a suicide, and the widow received a pension.
HERE LIVED ADOLF GERTLER JG. 1927 ESCAPED 1939 SWEDEN	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Adolf Gertler was born in 1927 as the youngest child in the family, came to Sweden by Kindertransport in 1939, first to a farming family, then to a Jewish textile shop owner. Gertler later set up a textile business with a partner in Gothenburg.
BERTA GERTLER JG LIVED HERE . 1925 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Berta Gertler (* 1925) did not receive an immigration certificate for Palestine until December and was able to succeed her parents and sisters on December 24, 1939.
HERE LIVED GOLDA HENIE GERTLER GEB. BAUMGARTEN JG. 1885 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Golda Gertler, b. Baumgarten was born in Galicia in 1885 . She followed one of her brothers to Graz, met Mayer (Max) Gertler (* 1884, also from the area around the town of Drohobycz), and their wedding took place in 1913. Max was a soldier in the First World War. Golda Gertler worked in a canteen and looked after her daughters Klara (* 1915) and Sally (* 1917). Return to Galicia, birth of daughters Laura (* 1921) and Berta (* 1925). Back to Graz, birth of Adolf (* 1927), lived in Idlhofgasse, then Neubaugasse; Family-run textile shop in Mariahilferstrasse. Max was arrested and returned to Dachau with an obligation to leave the country. Because of the age limit of at least 15 years for transport to Palestine, 12-year-old Max was sent to Sweden in 1939. Sally (22) fled to England. Berta (14) only received a certificate later that she was allowed to travel to Palestine and followed suit in December 1939. Mother Golda, father Mayer Max with daughters Klara and Laura traveled to Palestine in June 1939 by ship "Lisl".
HERE LIVED CLARE GERTLER JG. 1915 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Klara Gertler (* 1915) had to flee to Palestine with her parents and sister in June 1939.
LAURA GERTLER JG LIVED HERE . 1921 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Laura Gertler (* 1921) had to flee to Palestine with her parents and sister in June 1939.
HERE LIVED MAX MAYER GERTLER JG. 1884 ARRESTED NOV. 1938 DACHAU ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Max Mayer Gertler (* 1884) came from near Drohobycz, Galicia. In 1913 he married Golda Baumgarten in Graz. As a soldier in the First World War. Max was arrested, came to Dachau and returned to Graz with an obligation to leave the country. Together with his entire family, he managed to emigrate to Palestine.
SALLY GERTLER JG LIVED HERE . 1917 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Neubaugasse 59 relocated on July 4, 2014	Sally Gertler (* 1917) fled to England in 1939 (before her parents and two sisters could go to Palestine in June 1939) as a single member of her family. There she worked as a maid.
EMMERICH GUTMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1900 CONDUCTED 3/9/1940 FOR SECTION 175 DEPORTED 1941 FLOSSENBÜRG MURDERED 9/29/1941	Rankengasse 24 relocated on August 16, 2016	Emmerich Gutmann died on September 29, 1941 in the Flossenbürg concentration camp.
ANTON (TONI) HACKL JG LIVED HERE . 1911 SPANISH FIGHTER INTERNS GURS, DACHAU GOLF SHOT ON THE RIGHT April 28, 1945	Lindengasse 7 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Toni Hackl; political resistance
style = "text-align: center" \| HERE ... JOSEF HART	Triesterstraße 85 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Josef Hart; Jehovah's Witnesses
ANNA HERZOG GEB. LIVED HERE REICH JG. 1883 IMPROVEDLY MOVED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Radetzkystraße 8 relocated on August 16, 2016	Anna Herzog
DAVID HERZOG JG LIVED AND WORKED HERE . 1869 ARRESTED MARCH 1938 ABUSED IMPRODUCTION INFRONTACTLY 1938 VIENNA ESCAPED 1939 ENGLAND	Radetzkystraße 8 relocated on August 16, 2016	David Duke
FRIEDRICH HERZOG JG LIVED HERE . 1907 ESCAPED 1939 SWEDEN 1940 USA	Radetzkystraße 8 relocated on August 16, 2016	Friedrich Herzog, son of David and Anna
ROBERT HERZOG JG LIVED HERE . 1903 MOVING FRANCE INTERNSD DRANCY DEPORTED 1943 SOBIBOR, MAJDANEK FATE UNKNOWN	Radetzkystraße 8 relocated on August 16, 2016	Robert Herzog, son of David and Anna
ANNA JAGODA GEB. LIVED HERE STEINER JG. 1906 FATE UNKNOWN	Ghegagasse 34 relocated on September 27, 2017	Anna Jagoda
GERTRUD (GERTI) JAGODA JG LIVED HERE . 1929 ESCAPE 1939 CHILE	Ghegagasse 34 relocated on September 27, 2017	Gertrud Jagoda
EGON JAGODA JG LIVED HERE . 1931 ESCAPE 1939 CHILE	Ghegagasse 34 relocated on September 27, 2017	Egon Jagoda
ERNST JAGODA JG LEARNED HERE . 1927 ESCAPE PALESTINE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Ernst Jagoda
SAMUEL JAGODA JG LIVED HERE . 1892 ARRESTED DACHAU DISMISSED ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA deported 04/08/1941 DARUVAR, JASENOVAC MURDERED	Ghegagasse 34 relocated on September 27, 2017	Samuel Jagoda
FRANZ JAUK JG LIVED HERE . 1904 IN RESISTANCE / KPÖ ARRIVED 11/15/1938 'HIGH TREAT' 1939 VIENNA 1941 DACHAU RELEASED	Seidenhofgasse 62 relocated on September 27, 2017	Franz Jauk
GISA JOSEFSBERG GEB. LIVED HERE KORNER JG. 1904 ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Zweiglgasse 14 relocated on July 4, 2014	Gisa Josefsberg, b. Körner was born in Drohobych in 1904 . She had at least five siblings: the brothers Markus (1890 – presumably 1941), Arnold (1900–?) And Isidor (1903–1941), as well as the Ettel sisters, later married, Pruckner (1886–1942) and Anna Channa, later married Dortort (1898–1941). It is very likely that none of her siblings and she herself did not survive the Nazi regime. Gisa Josefsberg was married to Simon Josefsberg, the couple had a son, Leo, born in 1931. The Association for Memorial Culture writes about Gisa: "Probably perished in Yugoslavia", about her husband and sons: "Murdered".
LEO JOSEFSBERG JG LIVED HERE . 1931 ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Zweiglgasse 14 relocated on July 4, 2014	Leo Josefsberg was born on December 16, 1931 as the son of Gisa and Simon Josefsberg and - according to the Association for Memorial Culture - murdered by the Nazi regime when he was a boy.
SIMON JOSEFSBERG LIVE HERE IN 1938 UNKNOWN FATE	Zweiglgasse 14 relocated on July 4, 2014	Simon Josefsberg married Gisa Körner. He was the only one of the Dortort / Körner / Prucker / Josefsberg families to have a valid passport and fled immediately on the night of March 12, 1938. The Association for Memorial Culture assumes his murder. DÖW and A Letter To The Stars name one Simon Josefsberg (born May 18, 1883), his last known residence (Vienna 2, Schreigasse 8/6), his deportation to the Litzmannstadt ghetto on October 28, 1941 and his murder by the NS -Regime. However, personal identity is not secured.
HERE, OTTO GÜNTER KLEIN JG LEARNED . 1923 ESCAPE 1940 PALESTINE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Otto Günter Klein
CHRISTINE (CHRISTL) KLEMENTSCHITZ GEB. LIVED HERE KRUŽÍK (KRUSCHNIK) JG. 1889 IM WIDERSTAND / SP / KP ARRESTED 9/24/1944 DEPORTED RAVENSBRÜCK MURDERED 11/12/1944	Annenstraße 30 relocated on September 20, 2019	Christine Klementschitz; political resistance
ERNST KLEMENTSCHITZ JG LIVED HERE . 1881 IN THE RESISTANCE / SP / KP ARRESTED 01/09/1939 deported 09/10/1939 Buchenwald FREED	Annenstraße 30 relocated on September 20, 2019	Ernst Klementschitz; political resistance
HERE LIVED GERTRUDE KOHN GEB. SALZBERGER INVOLVEDLY MOVED 1938 VIENNA DEPORTED 20.5.1942 MALY TROSTINEC MURDERED 26.5.1942	Strauchgasse 19 relocated on August 16, 2016	Gertrude Kohn
HERBERT KOHN JG LIVED HERE . 1912 ESCAPE 1938 SWITZERLAND 1940 DOMINICAN. REPUBLIC	Strauchgasse 19 relocated on August 16, 2016	Herbert Kohn, son of Ludwig and Gertrude Kohn
LUDWIG KOHN JG LIVED HERE . 1879 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1938 VIENNA DEPORTED 20.5.1942 MALY TROSTINEC MURDERED 26.5.1942	Strauchgasse 19 relocated on August 16, 2016	Ludwig Kohn
WALTER KOHN JG LIVED HERE . 1908 SPAIN FIGHTER 1937 INTERN. BRIGADE INTERNS 1939 SAINT CYPRIEN, GURS LE VERNET RIVESALTES, DJELFA EMIGRATES 1944 USSR RETURN 1945	Strauchgasse 19 relocated on August 16, 2016	Walter Kohn, son of Ludwig and Gertrude Kohn
ARNOLD KÖRNER JG LIVED HERE . 1900 ESCAPE 1938 YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Oeverseegasse 27 / II relocated on July 4, 2014	Arnold Körner was born on October 12, 1900. He had at least five siblings: Ettel, later married Pruckner (1886–1942), Markus (1890 – presumably 1941), Anna Channa, later married Dortort (1898–1941), Isidor (1903–1941) and Gisa, later married Josefsberg (1904–?). He lived from April 28, 1934 to December 10, 1938 in Oeverseegasse 27 / II, then in Schmölzergasse 6 / I, presumably a collective apartment. He probably fled.
ISIDOR KÖRNER JG WORKED HERE . 1903 DEFEATED 1938 ESCAPED 1939 KLADOVO-TRANSPORT YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Grazbachgasse 41 relocated on July 4, 2014	Isidor Körner was born on February 17, 1903 in Stryj , had at least five siblings: Ettel, later married. Pruckner (1886–1942), Markus (1890 – presumably 1941), Anna Channa, later married. Dortort (1898–1941), Arnold (1900–?) And Gisa, later married Josefsberg (1904–?). Isidor Körner trained as a locksmith in the Puch works and from January 1934 lived with a non-Jewish partner and son in Grazbachgasse 41 on the first floor. On the ground floor he ran a bicycle shop and vulcanization facility, which was expropriated in 1938. Fled with other family members on March 12, 1938 to Yugoslavia. The DÖW recorded December 11, 1941 as the date of death and Brčko as the place of death .
MARIA KÖRNER JG LIVED HERE . 1891 DEFEATED 1938 ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Zweiglgasse 14 relocated on July 4, 2014	Maria Körner was born on June 26, 1891. She was married to Markus Körner, ran a second-hand shop at Jakoministraße 15, and lived with her husband at Zweiglgasse 14b, which in autumn 1938 became a collective apartment. Presumably murdered in Yugoslavia, declared dead after the fall of the Nazi regime.
MARKUS KÖRNER JG LIVED HERE . 1890 DEFEATED 1938 ESCAPE 1938 YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Zweiglgasse 14 relocated on July 4, 2014	Markus Körner was born on August 25, 1890. He had at least five siblings: Ettel, later married Pruckner (1886–1942), Anna Channa, later married Dortort (1898–1941), Arnold (1900–?), Isidor (1903–1941) and Gisa, later married. Josefsberg (1904–?). He became a vulcanizer and married the junk dealer Maria. He ran an old iron yard in the house at 14 Zweiglgasse, where he lived with his wife. In 1938 he was expropriated. When the Gestapo stood at the door, he fled through the back entrance and reached Yugoslavia by bike. From there he helped his siblings and other family members to flee to Yugoslavia in March 1939. Then his tracks are lost. He, his wife and at least three siblings were allegedly murdered by the Nazi regime. After 1945 Maria and Markus Körner were pronounced dead.
HERE LIVED ADELE KURZWEIL JG. 1925 ESCAPE 1938 SWITZERLAND / FRANCE Interned DRANCY DEPORTED 1942 MURDERED IN AUSCHWITZ	Schröttergasse 7 relocated on July 4, 2014	Adele Kurzweil was born on January 31, 1925 as the daughter of Bruno and Gisela Kurzweil. Arrested with his parents on August 28, 1942 in southern France, deported to Auschwitz and murdered there.
BRUNO SHORT TWO JG LIVED HERE . 1891 ESCAPE 1938 SWITZERLAND / FRANCE Interned DRANCY DEPORTED 1942 MURDERED IN AUSCHWITZ	Schröttergasse 7 relocated on July 4, 2014	Bruno Kurzweil was born on January 13, 1891 in Josefstadt in Bohemia. His parents' family went to Graz before 1900, on September 22, 1912 Bruno resigned from the IKG Graz , was baptized as a Catholic, but also resigned from the Catholic Church ten years later. He studied law in Graz and received his doctorate in 1914. 1922 marriage to Gisela. On June 11, 1938, he was banned from practicing as a Jew by the bar association. In July Kurzweil decided to emigrate to France. In Paris he joined social democratic organizations. Came from internment camp in France in February 1940. In May 1940 Germany invaded Belgium and Holland. On June 17, 1940, the family went to Montauban in the south of France . He organized the departure of refugees from France with aid funds and visas. On August 28, 1942, the family in Auvillar near Montauban were arrested with 170 others and deported to Auschwitz (concentration camp) on September 9, 1942 via two camps and murdered.
HERE LIVED GISELA KURZWEIL GEB. TRAMMER JG. 1900 ESCAPE 1938 SWITZERLAND / FRANCE Interned DRANCY DEPORTED 1942 MURDERED IN AUSCHWITZ	Schröttergasse 7 relocated on July 4, 2014	Gisela Kurzweil, b. Trammer was born on February 25, 1900 in Oderberg in Bohemia. She married Bruno from Bohemia. In 1925 their only child, Adele, was born. Left the Israelite Community on June 11, 1926 with her daughter . The family left for Switzerland on October 1, 1938 and on 17/19. on to France. Arrested by the Nazi regime in 1942, deported to Auschwitz and murdered there.
ING LIVED HERE . ADOLF SALMON JG. 1864 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 01/15/1939 DEPORTED 07/10/1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 09/26/1942	Volksgartenstrasse 18 relocated on July 27, 2013	Adolf Lachs (born December 28, 1864 in Wlachowitz / Hungarian Brod , Moravia) graduated from the Technical University in Vienna in 1890 as a civil engineer . From 1891 he worked for the Südbahngesellschaft , in August 1907 he was transferred to Graz as a senior engineer and lived there at Volksgartenstrasse 18. In 1923 he retired as a central inspector. At the age of 74, he and his blind wife Melanie had to leave Graz and were brought to Vienna , where they had to live in collective apartments. On July 10, 1942, Lachs was deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp , where he perished on September 26, 1942. Her son Ernst Lachs, born in 1904, High Commissioner of the Magistrate in Vienna, managed to flee to Switzerland with his wife Minna Lachs and their son Thomas in September 1938 without a visa.
MELANIE LACHS LIVED HERE IMPOLANTLY MOVED January 15, 1939 DEPORTED July 10, 1942 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED October 18, 1944 AUSCHWITZ	Volksgartenstrasse 18 relocated on July 27, 2013	Melanie Lachs, b. Berger (born May 31, 1882 in Wallachisch Meseritsch / Valašské Meziříčí, Moravia) married Adolf Lachs in Mürzzuschlag in 1903 , was brought to Vienna with her husband and, like him, deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp on July 10, 1942. On October 16, 1944, she was transferred to Auschwitz and murdered there on October 18, 1944.
HERE LEARNED KLEMENS LANDAU JG. 1926 ESCAPE PALESTINE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Klemens Landau
HERE KURT LANDSKRONER JG LEARNED . 1927 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Kurt Landskroner
	Lagergasse 29 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated in mid-2019	Franz Leitner ; political resistance
HERE WAS THE IMPACT MICHAEL Lerpscher JG. 1905 IN CHRISTIAN. RESISTANCE CONDEMNED 02.08.1940 'sedition' PRISON BRANDENBURG-Gorden EXECUTED 05/09/1940	Ulrichsbrünnl, Ulrichsweg approx. 18 (by the church) relocated on September 27, 2017	Michael Lerpscher
HERE LIVED DR. ADOLF LICHTENSTEIN JG. 1906 ESCAPE 1938 ITALY, PALESTINE	Wielandgasse 23 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Adolf Lichtenstein; Jewish
HERE LIVED AND WORKED EMIL JERACHMIEL LICHTENSTEIN JG. 1874 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Wielandgasse 23 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Emil Lichtenstein; Jewish
HERE LIVED CLARE (CHAJA) LICHTENSTEIN GEB. WERDINGER JG. 1878 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Wielandgasse 23 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Klara Lichtenstein
HERE LIVED DR. SIBYLLE MELITTA LICHTENSTEIN GEB. TARTER JG. 1912 ESCAPE 1938 ITALY, PALESTINE	Wielandgasse 23 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Sibylle Lichtenstein
HERE LIVED GUIDA HENRIETTE Loewi GEB. GOLDSCHMIEDT JG. 1888 CONFIDENTLY DEPOSED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE 1941 USA	Johann-Fux-Gasse 35 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Guida Loewi; Jewish
DR. OTTO LOEWI JG LIVED HERE . 1873 'PROTECTION STICK' 1938 expropriated ESCAPE 1938 ENGLAND, USA	Johann-Fux-Gasse 35 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Otto Loewi; Jewish
VIKTOR LOEWI JG LIVED HERE . ARRIVED 1912 1938 ESCAPED 1938 ENGLAND	Johann-Fux-Gasse 35 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Viktor Loewi; Jewish
HERE LIVED WILHELM GUIDO Loewi JG. ARRIVED 1915 1938 ESCAPED 1938 ENGLAND	Johann-Fux-Gasse 35 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Wilhelm Guido Loewi; Jewish
FRITZ MARSCH JG LIVED HERE . ARRIVED IN SOCIALIST RESISTANCE 1894 April 3rd, 1945 SS KASERNE WETZELSDORF MURDERED April 3rd, 1945	Fellingergasse 3 relocated on July 4, 2014	Fritz Marsch was born in Graz on May 5, 1894. He was active in the socialist resistance, was arrested - unclear when - on April 3, 1945, that is 35 days before the end of the war, with 13 fellow prisoners, tied up in pairs by car. Mainly people (trade unionists and resistance fighters) who had worked together in the resistance with Fritz Marsch. Murdered in the former SS barracks in Wetzelsdorf, today's Belgian barracks , and probably buried there in a bomb crater. In December 2005, a memorial stone for the Nazi victims was set at the entrance to the barracks, and the Ministry of Defense subsequently set up a commission to examine the bomb craters, which were then marked with a memorial stone as a memorial grove. The son of the same name Fritz Marsch became a member of the National Council and was central secretary of the SPÖ from 1970 to 1987.
HERE WAS THE IMPACT DR. MAX JOSEF METZGER JG. 1887 IN CHRISTIAN. RESISTANCE ARRESTED 6/29/1943 CONVINCED 10/14/1943 'HIGHLY TREATORY' EXECUTED 4/17/1944 BRANDENBURG-GÖRDEN	Ulrichsbrünnl, Ulrichsweg approx. No. 18 (near the church) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Max Josef Metzger; Christian resistance
ALFRED MITKROIS JG LIVED HERE . 1897 ARRIVED SEPT. 1939 IN 1940 IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION CAMP LAST MURDERED DACHAU 29.1.1941	Elisabethstraße 18 relocated on July 4, 2014	Alfred Mitkrois came from a family of officers, attended the military academy, studied for a few months in Graz, lived at Elisabethstrasse 18 from 1918, came to court as captain in 1926 for illegal homosexuality, protested in writing with his friend at the Federal Chancellery and was one of the first to demand the deletion of the criminal law paragraph. After his conviction he became an accountant in Graz. After the Gestapo investigated numerous homosexual men, he was taken into custody in September 1939. On March 20, 1940, he was sentenced to three months of heavy imprisonment for "fornication against nature". On August 24, 1940 he was registered in the Dachau concentration camp and listed as a political prisoner, probably because he was also an opponent of National Socialism and networked with the resistance. He was transferred to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, then to the Neuengamme concentration camp and then back to Dachau on January 22, 1941, and died there on January 29, 1941.
JOHANN MOSER JG LIVED HERE . 1900 WITNESS JEHOVAH 'S WAR SERVICE REFUSES DEATH JUDGMENT 9/17/1940 EXECUTED 10/10/1940 BRANDENBURG PRISON	Reininghausstraße 50 relocated on August 16, 2016	Johann Moser
HERE LIVED KLEMENTINE NARODOSLAVSKY JG. 1897 ADMITTED APRIL 1936 SPECIAL HOSPITAL 'RELOCATED' JANUARY 1941 HARTHEIM CASTLE MURDERED January 24, 1941	Südtiroler Platz 10 relocated on July 27, 2013	Klementine Narodoslavsky (born November 22, 1887 in Graz) began an apprenticeship as a hat maker , but had to break it off when she almost went blind. After she regained her eyesight, she first worked as an unskilled worker and later as an office assistant. She entered into a partnership with the married military employee Oskar Kreisler (a divorce was not possible at the time) and had two children: Hertha (* 1923) and Alfred (* 1932). As of April 1936, as a mentally ill patient, she was transferred from the Graz Regional Hospital to the Feldhof Regional Nerve Hospital (now the Graz Regional Hospital II, South ). Probably on January 18 or 19, 1941, she was transferred to Linz-Niederhart and then to the Hartheim killing center on January 20, 1941 . Her brother, who traveled daily from Linz to pick up his sister who was in danger, was refused a visit on the pretext that an epidemic had allegedly broken out in the institution. According to her death certificate, she “died” on January 24, 1941 of a “heart attack in an acute state of excitement”. It can be assumed that Clementine, like thousands of others, was murdered with poison gas in Hartheim. Dates of death were systematically falsified there, also in the date, in order to spread the times and to fraudulently get money from payers for an allegedly longer stay. See action T4 .
HERE LEARNED HELMUT NEUFELD JG. 1926 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Helmut Neufeld
HERE, KARL WALTER NEUFELD JG. 1924 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Karl Walter Neufeld
JOSEF NEUHOLD JG LIVED HERE . ARRESTED IN THE RESISTANCE 1890 February 1, 1941 CONVINCED July 28, 1942 IN PRISON TORTURE DEAD August 25, 1942	Rechbauerstraße 27 relocated on July 27, 2013	Josef Neuhold(* August 15, 1890 in Graz) was a trained lithographer and employee. In 1919 he was a soldier's council in the Workers' Relief Corps and until 1934 a member of the Social Democratic Party and the Republican Protection Association as well as chairman of the Senefelder Bund. In 1934 he joined the KPÖ and together with Karl Drews , Franz Weiß and Anton Kröpfl built a communist resistance group networked in Styria. Neuhold was arrested on February 1, 1941 and sentenced to death by the People's Court in Graz on July 28, 1942. Even before the execution of the sentence, he died on August 25, 1942 in Vienna as a result of the mistreatment in custody.
MARIA NEUHOLD GEB. LIVED HERE DONATE JG. 1894 IM RESISTANCE / KPÖ CONVINCED May 18, 1943 'HIGH TREASURE' OLG GRAZ ZUCHTHAUS WALDHEIM RELEASED 7.5.1945 DEAD BY CONSEQUENCES	Rechbauerstraße 27 relocated on September 27, 2017	Maria Neuhold
JULIA PONGRACIC JG LIVED HERE . 1910 ARRIVED IN SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC RESISTANCE 3.3.1945 GRAZ MURDERED 3.4.1945 SS BARRELS GRAZ-WETZELSDORF	Villenstrasse 7 relocated on September 27, 2017	Julia Pongracic
HERE LIVED ETTEL Prucker GEB. KORNER JG. 1886 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1940 VIENNA DEPORTED 1942 MALY TROSTINEC MURDERED 04/04/1942	Leitnergasse 2 relocated on July 4, 2014	Ettel Prucker born Körner was born on September 3, 1886 in Boryslaw , Galicia. She had at least five younger siblings: Markus (1890 – presumably 1941), Anna Channa, later married. Dortort (1898–1941), Arnold (1900–?), Isidor (1903–1941) and Gisa, later married. Josefsberg (1904 -?). She married Israel Pruckner and lived from 1915 to December 1938 at Leitnergasse 2, 2nd floor, door 7. Her husband ran a textile / manufacturing shop at Lendplatz 7. The Association for Memorial Culture also states: at the latest in 1940 collective apartment in Vienna, on August 31, 1942 Deportation to the Maly Trostinez extermination camp with Transport 39, Train 225 and murder on the same day.
HERE LIVED ISRAEL Prucker JG. 1884 IMPROVEDLY WITHDRAWN 1940 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Leitnergasse 2 relocated on July 4, 2014	Israel Prucker was born on October 8, 1884 in Drohobytsch in Galicia, was married to Ettel Körner, ran a textile / manufacturing shop at Lendplatz 7. The Association for Memorial Culture states for his wife: at the latest in 1940 collective apartment in Vienna, on August 31 1942 Deportation to the Maly Trostinez extermination camp with Transport 39, Train 225 and murder on the same day. It is likely that he shared their lot.
IRENE RANSBURG JG LIVED HERE . 1898 ARRESTED 9/21/1944 DEPORTED 1944 THERESIENSTADT MURDERED 10/23/1944 AUSCHWITZ-BIRKENAU 2nd stone in Braille	Leonhardstraße 130 ( Odilien-Blindeninstitut ) relocated on August 16, 2016	Irene Ransburg lost sight and hearing at the age of 16 in 1915.
HERE LIVED ALOISIA RAIN FIELDS GEB. GODAR JG. 1897 WITNESS JEHOVAH ARRESTED 15.10.1941 IN DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION CAMP LAST MITTELBAU-DORA RELEASED / SURVIVED	Reininghausstraße 28 relocated on July 4, 2014	Aloisia Regenfelder, b. Godard was born on July 17, 1897 in Schirmdorf near Radkersburg. Like her husband Josef, she was arrested in October 1941 and finally transferred to the Ravensbrück concentration camp. On June 30, 1942, she was taken to Auschwitz concentration camp and was photographed there in striped convict clothing and with purple triangles. All Jehovah's Witnesses came from there to the Birkenau camp, were relocated to the staff building in order to be protected from typical camp diseases and were given special tasks in offices, kitchens, tailor shops of the SS Evacuation transport from Auschwitz - on foot through snow - via Groß-Rosen, Mauthausen, Bergen-Belsen to Dora-Mittelbau, where on March 4 only 26 arrived alive. On April 5, 1945, Aloisia and the other prisoners were liberated on the way to Neuengamme. From October she lived again in Graz-Eggenberg and from 1946 to 1956 at Reininghausstrasse 28. Until recently she was an active Jehovah's Witness, was calm, obviously did not talk about her three years of survival in concentration camps and died on August 22, 1978 at the age of 81 in Gratwein.
JOSEF REGENFELDER JG LIVED HERE . 1895 WITNESS OF JEHOVAH ARRESTED October 15, 1941 DEPORTED 1942 MURDERED DACHAU March 7, 1944	Reininghausstraße 28 relocated on July 4, 2014	Josef Regenfelder was born on March 11, 1895 in Straganz near Meiselding . He married Aloisia Godar on August 19, 1929, and the couple lived at Reininghausstrasse 28 / I from then on. It is unclear when the two converted to Jehovah's Witnesses . According to the registration card, he was arrested as a disabled worker on October 15, 1941 and taken to the Graz Police Prison and released from there on May 3, 1942. From June 27, 1942 he was registered in the Dachau concentration camp with the number 30667 and died there on March 7, 1944.
HERE LIVED Cecilia REITER JG. 1891 WITNESS JEHOVAS ARRESTED 1.12.1939 DEPORTED 2.2.1940 RAVENSBRÜCK MURDERED 1942 AUSCHWITZ	Einödstrasse 1 relocated on July 27, 2013	Cäcilia Reiter (born September 26, 1891 in Wolfsberg near Leibnitz ) was a trained tailor and unskilled worker at the Reininghaus company. She became a Jehovah's Witness in the 1920s . She was denounced by the postman for allegedly refusing to give the Hitler salute and arrested on December 1, 1939. Since she refused to sew ammunition bags, she was deported to Ravensbrück concentration camp in February 1940 and later transferred to Auschwitz concentration camp, where she perished in 1942.
HERE LIVED ERNST REITER JG. 1915 Witness Jehovah's war service refused arrested June 6, 1938 GRAFENWÖHR / BAYERN INTERNIERT NOV. 1940 FLOSSENBÜRG SURVIVED	Einödstrasse 1 relocated on July 27, 2013	Ernst Reiter (born April 11, 1915 in Graz) was orphaned at the age of eleven and was taken in by his aunt Cäcilia and grandmother Theresia Reiter. After these, he too became Jehovah's Witness in the early 1930s. Because of his religious beliefs, he repeatedly failed to comply with draft conscription orders. On the morning of September 6, 1938, he was arrested by police officers at his workplace as a salesman and repeatedly interrogated over the next few weeks and sentenced to six months in prison in Graz. He was convicted again and deported to Grafenwoehr in March 1939 . He continued to refuse military service and was sent to Bayreuth for prison, in November 1940 transferred to the Flossenbürg concentration camp and received a "purple triangle" to mark him as a Jehovah's Witness. He survived 1,600 days of torture, quarrying, and malnutrition. On April 8, 1945, the SS began removing their traces in the concentration camp. The few surviving prisoners had to start the so-called death march on April 20, from which they were finally released by the Americans. Reiter received a bicycle from a US soldier and rode it 800 km home. On September 6, 1945 he came to Graz, found that his grandmother had died and Aunt Cäcilia had perished in the Auschwitz concentration camp. He married Kristina Semlitsch in 1947, twins were born in 1949 and a daughter in 1954. He died in 2006.
HERE, AXEL ROSENBERGER JG. 1922 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Axel Rosenberger
HERE LEO ROTH JG LEARNED . 1921 CHILD TRANSPORT 1938 ENGLAND 1940 AUSTRALIA 1941 SHANGHAI	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Leo Roth
HERE WAS THE IMPACT JOSEF RUF JG. 1905 IN CHRISTIAN. RESISTANCE ARRESTED MAY 1940 GRAZ, BERLIN-MOABIT CONDUCTED 9/14/1940 'ARMY FORCE' SENSE BRANDENBURG-GÖRDEN EXECUTED 10/10/1940	Ulrichsbrünnl, Ulrichsweg approx. 18 (by the church) relocated on September 27, 2017	Josef Ruf
ELSA SALZMANN GEB. LIVED HERE FREUDMANN JG. 1887 ESCAPE 1939 TANGER	Griesplatz 4 relocated on July 17, 2015	Elsa Salzmann, b. Freudmann was born in 1887, married the master painter Simon Salzmann and had a son with him, Harald (* 1921). After the Aryanization of her husband's company, the family fled to Morocco via southern France. Elsa Salzmann died in Tangier in 1943 .
HARALD SALZMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1921 ESCAPE 1939 TANGER	Griesplatz 4 relocated on July 17, 2015	Harald Salzmann was born in Graz in 1921 as the son of Elsa and Simon Salzmann, and after school, where he was exposed to anti-Semitic hostility from his classmates, he began an apprenticeship with his father, a master painter, from 1936. In 1980 he reported on a raid-like search of a house shortly after the annexation of Austria in March 1938 by two young boys who threw his mother's laundry out of the closet and confiscated his Jewish books. The family fled to Tangier via Vienna, Strasbourg and Marseilles in the summer of 1937 , where his mother died in 1943. He returned to Graz in 1947 and returned to painting after restitution. Harald most recently worked as a librarian for the Styrian state government and was a cultural councilor for the IKG. He died in Graz in 1990.
HERE LIVED SIMON (Simche CHAIM) SALZMANN JG. 1882 ESCAPE 1939 TANGER	Griesplatz 4 relocated on July 17, 2015	Simon Salzmann, also called Simche Chaim , was born in Chernivtsi in 1882 . He came to Graz during the First World War, where he met Elsa Freudmann and married. Son Harald was born in 1921. The family lived at Griesplatz 4 / III. Simon Salzmann was the owner of a painting company and bought a villa in Wetzelsdorf. In autumn 1938 the company was placed under temporary administration, accounts blocked, and finally “ Aryanized ”. Like many other Jews in Graz, Simon was arrested shortly afterwards, imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp for several weeks and the apartment confiscated. Desperate search for escape: formalities to emigrate to Chile, where there was already a relative, were delayed, but his half-sister Rosa Reisz, who had emigrated to Gibraltar (from her father's first marriage), obtained a bogus employment contract for Simon, which gave them a visa for Tangier in Morocco , which they reached via Vienna, Strasbourg and Marseille on July 10, 1939. His wife Elsa died there in 1943. Simon Salzmann and his son returned to Graz in 1947, where he remarried in 1957. After the restitution of their property, father and son resumed the business as master painters.
JOSEF SCHARFSTEIN JG LIVED HERE . 1905 ARRESTED 1938 GRAZ RELEASED ON BOND ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND, ECUADOR	Ruckerlberggürtel 14 Relocated on June 17, 2016, lost in the course of district heating excavation, relocated with text on January 27, 2017	Josef Scharfstein, later José
HERE LIVED ARON 'ADOLF' Shkolnik JG. 1879 BUSINESS AND LAND 1938 'ARIZED' ESCAPE POLAND FATE UNKNOWN	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Aron Schkolnik
HERE LIVED CHANE BEILE Shkolnik GEB. SCHREIER (SZREIER) USE DIAMAND JG. 1892 BUSINESS AND LAND 1938 'ARIZED' MARCH 1939 AMTL. UNSUBSCRIBED FLIGHT POLAND FATE UNKNOWN	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Chane Beile Schkolnik, b. Screamers
ELISABETH SCHKOLNIK GEB. LIVED HERE BENEDICT JG. 1908 ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Pestalozzistraße 1 relocated on June 29, 2018	Elisabeth Schkolnik, b. Benedict
HERE LIVED RUTH Shkolnik VERH. ROSOWSKY JG. 1934 ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Pestalozzistraße 1 relocated on June 29, 2018	Ruth Schkolnik, married. Rosowsky
SAMUEL SCHKOLNIK JG LIVED HERE . 1901 1938 BUSINESS 'ARIZED' < , MULTIPLE ARISED 'PROTECTIVE' GRAZ, DACHAU ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Pestalozzistraße 1 relocated on June 29, 2018	Samuel Schkolnik
SYLVIA LUCIA SCHKOLNIK VERH LIVED HERE. SHAMAI JG. 1937 ESCAPE 1938 PALESTINE	Pestalozzistraße 1 relocated on June 29, 2018	Sylvia Lucia Schkolnik, married. Shamai
MAX SCHÖN JG LEARNED HERE . 1923 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Max Schön
Friedrich Schöninger	Schörgelgasse 64 (or 79) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Friedrich Schöninger; homosexual victim
Othmar Schrauhser	Hasnerplatz / Theodor-Körner-Straße 42 (University of Education) Coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Othmar Schrauhser; political resistance
HERE LIVED ERICH Schreier (SZREIER) JG. 1928 ESCAPE 1938/1939 PALESTINE	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Erich Schreier
HERE LIVED HELENE Schreier (SZREIER) BORN SCHKOLNIK JG. 1902 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Helene Schreier, b. Schkolnik
HERE LIVED JAKOB Schreier (SZREIER) JG. 1900 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Jakob Schreier
ROBERT SCHWARZ JG LEARNED HERE . 1926 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Robert Black
FRANZ SCHWARZL JG LIVED HERE . 1897 CONVINCED 20.3.1940 DEPORTED 1941 KZ GUSEN MURDERED 23.3.1943	Rechbauerstraße 3 relocated on July 17, 2015	Franz Schwarzl was born in Graz on December 25, 1897, the son of a senior civil servant, studied pharmacy for four semesters, married and settled in Germany as a pharmacy assistant. In 1936 there was a case against the divorced in Danzig for "unnatural fornication". On June 16, 1936, he was sentenced by the Hamburg Regional Court for continued “seducing a man under 21” to 2 years and 3 months in prison. In addition, as an Austrian in Germany, he violated the Reich Law on References. He was sent to the Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel prison , then to Bremen-Oslebshausen . On November 11, 1937, his sentence was interrupted and he was expelled from Germany. He returned to Graz. Here he was reported by the Gestapo in December 1939 for having sex several times in 1938 with a 19-year-old in his apartment at Rechbauerstraße 3. On March 20, 1940, he was sentenced to one year in Graz for "fornication against the nature of the same sex" according to Section 129 Ib sentenced to heavy dungeon. On March 11, 1941, on instructions from the Graz criminal police station, he was transported to the Mauthausen concentration camp , Gusen satellite camp, where he was given the prisoner number 11119. Franz Schwarzl died there on March 23, 1943 at the age of 45. Another stumbling block reminds of him in Hamburg-Neustadt .
ASRIEL SELIG 'SIGMUND' SILBER JG lived here. 1903 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 ESCAPE 1938/1939 PALESTINE	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Asriel silver
ELIAS SILBER JG LIVED HERE . 1862 expropriated deported in 1939 Buchenwald MURDERED 02/20/1940	Lazarettgasse 12 relocated on July 4, 2014	Elias Silber was born on May 15, 1862 in Stanislaw , Poland. In the inter-war period he ran a small grocery store at Lazarettgasse 12. He had at least two daughters: Sophie, born on June 7, 1899 in Stanislaw, later married Kornreich; and Rosa, date of birth unknown, later married angels. The family emigrated to Palestine for economic reasons in 1933, but returned to Graz in 1936. His grandson Alfred, who survived the Nazi regime, judged the return to be inexplicable in retrospect, "when the signs were so clear and so loud." On November 2, 1938, the Nazi authorities issued the entire family with an expulsion order. On November 29, 1938, Elias Silber lost his apartment and lived with his daughter Sophie at Schmölzergasse 6 until he was deported to Vienna. During his daughter Rosa, her husband and their two grandchildren on board the Panamanian Lisl in April 1939, they fled to Palestine succeeded, the very old man found no way to get to safety. Daughter Sophie fled to Italy in July 1939, Elias was deported to Buchenwald concentration camp , where he was murdered by the Nazi regime on January 20 (DÖW) or February 20, 1940 (Buchenwald camp). His daughter Sophie was picked up by Nazi troops after the German invasion of Italy and deported to Auschwitz in April 1944, where she was murdered.
ERIKA SILBER VERH LIVED HERE. GRUENZWEIG JG. 1929 CHILD TRANSPORT 1939 SWEDEN	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Erika Silber, married. Gruenzweig
HERE LIVED GERTRUD 'TRUDE' SILVER RATIO. TEPPERBERG JG. 1931 INVOLUNTARY DELAYED NOV. 1938 CHILD TRANSPORT 1939 SWEDEN	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Gertrud Silber, married. Tepperberg
HERE LIVED MARGARET 'GRETA' SILVER GEB. SCHKOLNIK JG. 1904 ESCAPE PALESTINE	Lagergasse 89 relocated on June 29, 2018	Margarete Silber, b. Schkolnik
HERE LIVED AMALIE 'MELANIE' SILBERSTEIN JG. 1919 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Neutorgasse 6–8 (today: Kapistran- Preicher -Platz) relocated on August 16, 2016	Amalie "Melanie" Silberstein, Silberstein family (Neutorgasse)
MARKUS SILBERSTEIN JG WORKED HERE . 1890 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 BUSINESS 1938 'ARIZED' ESCAPE 1939 USA	Mariahilfer Straße 3 relocated on August 16, 2016	Markus Silberstein, former fashion house Silberstein
OTMAR 'OTTO' SILBERSTEIN JG WORKED HERE . 1920 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND AUSTRALIA	Mariahilfer Straße 3 relocated on August 16, 2016	Otmar Silberstein (1), former fashion house Silberstein, son Otmar
HERE, OTMAR SILBERSTEIN JG. 1921 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 DACHAU DISCHARGED 23.12.1938 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND USA	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Otmar Silberstein
OTMAR SILBERSTEIN JG LIVED HERE . 1921 MAY 1938 REPORTED 'PROTECTIVE DEPARTMENT' 1938 DACHAU DISCHARGED 23.12.1938 ESCAPED 1939 ENGLAND USA	Neutorgasse 6–8 (today: Kapistran- Preicher -Platz) relocated on August 16, 2016	Otmar Silberstein (2), Silberstein family (Neutorgasse), son of Robert and Rejla Feiga
HERE LIVED AND WORKED REJLA Feiga SILBERSTEIN JG. 1894 BUSINESS 1938 'ARIZED' 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND	Neutorgasse 6–8 (today: Kapistran- Preicher -Platz) relocated on August 16, 2016	Rejla Feiga Silberstein, Silberstein family (Neutorgasse)
ROBERT SILBERSTEIN JG LIVED AND WORKED HERE . 1894 BUSINESS 1938 'ARIZED' 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 ITALY, FRANCE IN FRZ. ARMY ESCAPE 1942 USA	Neutorgasse 6–8 (today: Kapistran- Preicher -Platz) relocated on August 16, 2016	Robert Silberstein, Silberstein family (Neutorgasse), brother of Markus (fashion house)
SALKA SILBERSTEIN GEB. WORKED HERE TEITEL TREE SHOPS 1938 'ARIZED' ESCAPE 1939 USA	Mariahilfer Straße 3 relocated on August 16, 2016	Salka Silberstein, former fashion house Silberstein
HERE LIVED SAMUEL SILBERSTEIN JG. 1924 'PROTECTIVE' 1938 ESCAPE 1939 ENGLAND USA	Neutorgasse 6–8 (today: Kapistran- Preicher -Platz) relocated on August 16, 2016	Samuel Silberstein, Silberstein family (Neutorgasse), son of Robert and Rejla Feiga
Leo & Friederike Spiegel	Schmiedgasse 38 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Leo & Friederike Spiegel; Jewish
Otto Spiegel	Beethovengasse 17 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Otto Spiegel; Jewish
Susanne Spiegel	Schmiedgasse 38 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 20, 2019	Susanne Spiegel; Jewish
AMALIA SPIELMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1885 DEFEAT 13.10.1938 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE DEAD 28.1.1944	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Amalia Spielmann, b. Hübsch (* December 10, 1885, Pribram, today Czech Republic) wife of the owner Wilhelm, mother of three children: Grete (* 1912), Hans (* 1914), Ernst (* 1916). In 1939 she managed to escape with her husband and two of the children (Grete and Ernst). Most recently, the parents lived in Tel Aviv. Amalia died on January 28, 1944, years before her husband. Her son Hans was murdered by the Nazi regime on February 10, 1945 in Buchenwald concentration camp .
ERNST SPIELMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1916 ESCAPED 1939 AUSTRALIA SURVIVED	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Ernst Spielmann (born January 13, 1916 in Graz) son of Amalia and Wilhelm, who escaped with his parents when he was around 23 years old. He returned to Graz in 1945 as a British soldier, tried for a long time to restore the stolen family property and ultimately only received a few thousand schillings (= a few hundred euros). He died on November 12, 1992 in Sydney, Australia.
GRETE SPIELMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1912 DEFEATED 10/13/1938 ESCAPED 1939 PALESTINE SURVIVED	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Grete Spielmann married Weinberg (born July 14, 1912 in Graz) was the daughter of Amalia and Wilhelm, who escaped with her parents when she was around 27 years old. She died on April 1, 2006 in Jerusalem.
HANS SPIELMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1914 DEPORTED AUSCHWITZ BUCHENWALD 10.2.1945 MURDERED 18.2.1945	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Hans Spielmann (born December 13, 1914, Graz), son of Amalia and Wilhelm, was deported to Auschwitz and died on February 10, 1945 in Buchenwald concentration camp.
HELMUT SPIELMANN JG. 1930 ESCAPE DEC. 1938 SHANGHAI RETURN 1947	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Helmut Spielmann (born May 22, 1930 in Graz) son of Paula and Rudolf, the three of whom were able to flee to Shanghai, where they arrived in December 1938. His father died there in 1941, his mother worked in a shirt factory and made it possible for him to attend the Saint Franzis Xavier College of the Jesuits. In 1947 they went home by ship to Naples and by cattle wagon to Austria. Helmut became a language teacher in Arnfels and Leutschach (Styria), married Elisabeth geb. Hofer. The family had two daughters: Edith and Eva. Helmut could not get a reparation, he only received a sum of a few thousand schillings. He died on December 14, 2012 in Feldbach.
PAULA SPIELMANN JG. 1900 DEFEATED 13.10.1938 ESCAPED DEC. 1938 SHANGHAI RETURN 1947	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Paula Spielmann, b. Sternthal was born on June 6, 1900. Having grown up Catholic, she accepted the Mosaic faith with her marriage, but converted to the Catholic faith again with her son, who was born in 1930. Worked in a shirt factory and enabled her son to attend a Jesuit college. In 1947 she traveled home from Shanghai by ship via Singapore to Naples and then by cattle wagon to Austria, where her son Helmut became a language teacher in southern Styria and started a family with children (see above).
HERE WAS WORKING RUDOLF SPIELMANN JG. 1889 DEFEATED 10/13/1938 ARRESTED NOV. 1938 DACHAU ESCAPE DEC. 1938 SHANGHAI DEAD 1941	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Rudolf Spielmann (* 1889 in Graz) was Wilhelm's half-brother and a partner in the clothing stores. He was deported to the Dachau concentration camp and was released after 31 days ("I fought for Austria and the Kaiser!"), With the condition that the Reich to leave within 30 days. Thanks to an inheritance, the family (with wife Paula and son Helmut) managed to escape to Shanghai, where they arrived in December 1938. Rudolf died there on April 11, 1941 in the Jewish hospital and was buried in the “Refugee Cemetery”.
WILHELM SPIELMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1876 DEFEATED 13.10.1938 ESCAPED 1939 PALESTINE SURVIVED	Annenstraße 34 relocated on July 27, 2013	Wilhelm Spielmann (born April 29, 1876) owner of two textile shops at Annenstrasse 25 and 3, father of three children. Fehringen master tailor Josef Knilli (SA member since 1932, sentenced to six months imprisonment in 1934 for political activity, member of the NSDAP in 1938), supported by an SA superior, obtained Spielmann's business by “buying” half of the low estimate the property transfer office (VVST), which liquidates the business. Spielmann never received the small purchase price, as the Gestapo confiscated the VVST blocked account in 1941: Citizens staying abroad were deprived of their citizenship and property. He was able to escape with his wife Amalia and two of three children (without Hans). The couple last lived in Tel Aviv, where Amalia died in 1944 and Wilhelm died on March 23, 1956.
DR. MAX STEIGMANN JG LIVED HERE . 1895 DEPORTED 11/10/1938 ESCAPED 02/02/1939 URUGUAY SURVIVED	Afritschgasse 30 relocated on July 27, 2013	Max Steigmann (born November 2, 1895 in Kute, West Ukraine, then Poland) - was a Jewish doctor, lived with his wife Pauline and their son Kurt (born around 1930) in an apartment in the house at 30 Afritschgasse and had his ordination there. According to a contemporary witness, he was popular as a doctor and had a social streak. According to his son, he was called a "poor doctor" because he treated the insolvent free of charge. Artists, writers and intellectuals frequented the apartment. During the November pogroms, Father Max was taken out of bed, tortured and taken away. His son Kurt, who was then lying on the living room sofa, reported by email to the Association for Memorial Culture in 2014: “Young people (people ??) in black uniforms and shiny boots [...] went into the bedroom [...] I heard screams and moans and understood as an 8-year-old, of course, nothing at all. They beat up my father, kicked his face with his boots and finally they took him with them. ”Max Steigmann was incorrectly entered in the Dachau concentration camp without an“ i ”as STEGMANN, which was confused with an Aryan of that name and was therefore released after a few months. He fled to Italy, came to Uruguay, Montevideo; treated emigrants, opened an ordination and also volunteered for 35 years in the Pereira Rossel poor hospital. Lived frugally, traveled the world every two years, collapsed unconscious in 1973. Stomach cancer was diagnosed, the son admitted to São Paulo, most recently he was drawn back home to Montevideo, where he died in 1974 in "his" hospital. Max divorced Pauline in 1938, also to make life easier for his son and wife, who were then baptized as an Old Catholic “to answer the question of religion”. Max came back briefly to the house in Afritschgasse in 1948, went back to Montevideo and came to Graz one last time in 1963. Pauline stayed in the house and died in 1984. The ordination facility in Graz was expropriated. Mother Pauline tailors for department stores. Former patients supported them in raids and enabled Kurt to go to school. Before raids, they also fled to the bombed-out basement air-raid shelter of the school in nearby Marschallgasse. When Kurt's school was moved to Admont and he was persecuted there, he fled to Graz by bike. Kurt followed his father to Montevideo only after graduating in 1952 and went to Brazil in 1953, where he married at the age of 30, became a widower around 2005 and left São Paulo in 2010.
WALTER STEIN JG LEARNED HERE . 1924 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Walter Stein
Here FRITZ STRAUSS JG met. 1922 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Fritz Strauss
Max Tarter	Uhlandgasse 14 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Rosa & Max Tarter
Pink tarter	Uhlandgasse 14 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Rosa & Max Tarter
HERE LIVED Ruchla Teitelbaum JG. 1870 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1939 VIENNA DEPORTED 22.7.1942 THERESIENSTADT 1942 TREBLINKA MURDERED	Josef-Huber-Gasse 4 relocated on August 16, 2016	Ruchla Teitelbaum, relative of the Silberstein family
HERE LIVED CLEMENTINE THALHOFER TOLCZYNER GEB. HIRSCHLER JG. 1877 INVOLVEDLY WITHDRAWN 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA DEPORTED 1943 AUSCHWITZ MURDERED	Afritschgasse 35 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Clementine Thalhofer; Jewish
HERE LIVED MARTIN WOLFGANG Tornquist JG. 1900 DIFFERENT MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS 'RELOCATED' SINCE 1925 FELDHOF-GRAZ MURDERED 11/02/1945	Gabriel-Seidl-Gasse 10 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated in mid-2019	Martin Tornquist
Valeska Türner	Hasnerplatz / Theodor-Körner-Straße 42 (University of Education) Coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Valeska Türner; political resistance
HERE LIVED DR. MELITTA Urbancic GEB. GRÜNBAUM JG. 1902 EMIGRATES SEPT. 1938 ICELAND	Waldmüllergasse 14 relocated on September 27, 2017	Melitta Urbancic
DR. VICTOR URBANCIC JG LIVED HERE . 1903 EMIGRATES AUG. 1938 ICELAND	Waldmüllergasse 14 relocated on September 27, 2017	Victor Urbancic
HERE KURT WEINBERGER JG. 1927 ESCAPE 1939 PALESTINE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Kurt Weinberger
HERE GOT EGON HANS WEISS JG. 1925 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Egon Hans Weiss
Here FRITZ GERHARD WEISS JG met. 1926 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Fritz Gerhard Weiss
EDUARD WOHINZ JG LIVED HERE . 1898 WITNESS JEHOVAS ARRESTED 1.6.1938 1939 DACHAU MAUTHAUSEN 1940 DACHAU 1942 HARTHEIM CASTLE MURDERED 3.3.1942	Weissenkircherstraße 35 relocated on September 27, 2017	Eduard Wohinz
HERE GOT TO KARL LEOPOLD WOLF JG. 1928 ESCAPE 1939 ITALY, CYPRUS PALESTINE EGYPT, TANGANYICA 1943 KENYA	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Karl Leopold Wolf
HERE LEARNED MAX WULKAN JG. 1924 ESCAPE	Oeverseegasse 28 in front of the BG / BRG Oeversee relocated on June 27, 2017	Max Wulkan
HERE LIVED RICHARD ZACH JG. 1919 IN THE RESISTANCE ARRESTED 10/31/1941 CONDEMNED 17.08.1942 EXECUTED 01/27/1943	Pestalozzistraße 67 (1st stone) relocated on July 27, 2013	Richard Zach (born March 23, 1919 in Graz) was a writer, teacher and resistance fighter. He founded a youth group called the “Young Freedom Association” in the legal Christian-social association “Freedom Association” and was active in an anti-fascist group. From the autumn of 1940 he published a pamphlet, The Red Shock Troop, with an edition of 150, which reached Fohnsdorf. After a short period in the Wehrmacht, he worked as a teacher in Graz. “On October 31, 1941, he (and others) were arrested 'on suspicion of having written communist slogans' and sentenced to death on August 17, 1942 by the Reich Court Martial in Berlin. Up to his execution on January 27, 1943 in prison in Berlin-Brandenburg-Görden, Zach had written over 800 poems. T. smuggled out of the cell and z. T. had written with permission to write. "
Richard Zach	Hasnerplatz / Theodor-Körner-Straße 42 (University of Education) (2nd stone) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Richard Zach; political resistance
ANTON ZIERLER JG LIVED HERE . 1900 CONVINCED 17.3.1943 DEPORTED 28.5.1943 MAUTHAUSEN MURDERED 25.4.1945	Schönau belt 53 relocated on September 27, 2017	Anton Zierler

Leoben

In the district capital of Leoben , a stumbling block was laid for the first time in 2018, and 9 more followed in September 2019:

inscription	Location	Name, life
ROMAN CEBAUS JG WORKED HERE . 1892 IN RESISTANCE AUSTRIA. FREEDOM FRONT ARRESTED JULY 1944 DEPORTED MAUTHAUSEN-GUSEN MURDERED 11/12/1944	Lorberaustraße 11 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Roman Cebaus, born on February 4, 1892 in Leoben, was a school caretaker in Donawitz. Originally social democratic, he became illegally active within the KPÖ under Austro-Fascism . In 1943/1944 he repeatedly made rooms of the elementary school available for meetings of the Austrian Freedom Front. During a wave of arrests against supporters of the ÖFF in the summer of 1944, Cebaus was arrested and deported to Mauthausen concentration camp on September 20. From there he was transferred to Gusen concentration camp, where he was murdered on November 12th.
GIDEON (HANS) ROEHR JG LIVED HERE . 1921 ESCAPE 1938 GREECE PALESTINE	Timmersdorfergasse 8 coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Gideon Hans Roehr; Jewish
HERE LIVED CLARE CHECK GEB. POSAMENTIER JG. 1872 FLIGHT YUGOSLAVIA DEAD 1942	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Klara Scheck (actually Schöck ), b. as Passamentier on May 15, 1872 in Oberzeiring , died in Čapljina in 1942 , was the daughter of the Jewish Jewish businessman Abraham Posamentier and his wife Babette Kohn. In 1894 she married the Leoben merchant Moritz Schöck (1871–1936). When Austria was annexed to the German Reich, she had to leave Leoben and, after a stay in Vienna, fled to Yugoslavia. There she was arrested after the invasion of German troops and murdered in Čapljina in 1942.
DAVID SPIESS JG STUDED HERE . EXPORTED FROM UNIVERSITY IN 1909, DEPORTED NOV. 1938 DACHAU FATE UNKNOWN	Franz Josef-Straße 18 ( Montanuniversität ) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	David Spiess; Jewish
SIMON TREVISANI JG WORKED HERE . 1884 IN THE RESISTANCE UNION, KPÖ ARRIVED July 11, 1944 GESTAPO LEOBEN, GRAZ DEAD July 12, 1944 CAUSE OF DEATH NEVER EXPLAINED	Ignaz Buchmüller-Platz 2 relocated on November 27, 2018	Simon Trevisani, born on December 9, 1884, was a baker in Leoben-Leitendorf. In the First Republic he worked as a trade union official in Leoben. Later he was a resistance fighter within the Austrian Freedom Front . He was arrested on July 11, 1944 and murdered by the Gestapo the next day.
HERE LIVED ALICE SONJA WERDISHEIM JG. 1886 IMPROVEDLY WITHDRAWN 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Alice Sonja Werdisheim; Jewish
HERE LIVED BERTA WERDISHEIM GEB. CHECK JG. 1885 UNFOLILIENTLY MOVED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Berta Werdisheim, born as Schöck on December 8, 1895 in Leoben, died in 1942 in Yugoslavia, was the daughter of the Leoben merchants Max and Klara Schöck. She was married to the Leoben businessman Max Werdisheim. After the Anschluss they had to move to Vienna with their children Harry Peter and Walter Hans (last address Lilienbrunngasse 9). Berta Werdisheim fled with her children to Yugoslavia, where their mother was already. After the invasion of German troops , she died in a camp.
HERE LIVED HARRY PETER WERDISHEIM JG. 1938 IMPROVEDLY DELAYED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Harry Peter Werdisheim, born on May 5, 1938 in Leoben, died in 1943 on the island of Rab in Yugoslavia, was the son of Berta and Max Werdisheim and the twin brother of Walter Hans. He had to move to Vienna with his parents and brother. Berta Werdisheim fled to Yugoslavia with the twins. After the attack by the German armed forces in Yugoslavia, he was murdered with his brother on the island of Rab.
MAX WERDISHEIM JG LIVED HERE . 1886 IMPROVEDLY MOVED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA DEPORTED 6.2.1942 RIGA-KAISERWALD MURDERED 1943	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Max Werdisheim, born on January 19, 1886 in Triesch (Moravia), died in Riga in 1942, was a merchant at Waasenplatz 1 in Leobner. He was married to Berta, b. Schöck, and was the father of Harry Peter and Walter Hans. Max Werdisheim tried to leave Germany in April 1938, but the Gestapo refused to give him a passport. In March 1939 he and his family had to move to Vienna, the last address was Lilienbrunngasse 9. He was deported to Riga on February 6, 1942 , and murdered there.
HERE LIVED WALTER HANS WERDISHEIM JG. 1938 IMPROVEDLY DELAYED 1938 VIENNA ESCAPE YUGOSLAVIA FATE UNKNOWN	Waasenplatz 1 (store check) coordinates are missing! Help. relocated on September 19, 2019	Walter Hans Werdisheim, born on May 5, 1938 in Leoben, died in 1943 on the island of Rab in Yugoslavia, was the son of Berta and Max Werdisheim and the twin brother of Harry Peter. He had to move to Vienna with his parents and brother. Berta Werdisheim fled to Yugoslavia with the twins. After the attack by the German armed forces in Yugoslavia, he was murdered with his brother on the island of Rab.

Laying data

By the end of 2018, a total of 171 stones - 170 of them in the state capital Graz - had been laid. One of them (Josef Scharfstein, from 2016) had meanwhile been lost and was relocated on January 27, 2017. Stumbling blocks were laid on the following days:

01st installation: July 27, 2013. 18 stones.
02nd installation: July 4th, 2014. 33 stones.
03rd installation: July 17th, 2015. 8 stones. The relocation in 2015 took place - according to regional media - "with the active participation of the Graz population" and in the presence of prominent politicians, including City Councilor Lisa Rücker , Ex-City Councilor Karl-Heinz Herper and Member of Parliament Claudia Klimt-Weithaler . The chairwoman of the association and councilor Daniela Grabe emphasized in her address: "Stumbling blocks in Graz are an immensely important sign - in memory of the persecuted and murdered people, as a sign for survivors and relatives and as a reminder especially in the former city of the popular uprising ."

04th installation: June 16, 2016. 6 stones.

05. Installation: August 16, 2016. 28 stones. One of the two stumbling blocks laid for Irene Ransburg that day was the first in Europe in Braille . The raised points are driven out from the back of the plate.

06. Relocation: January 27, 2017 ( International Holocaust Remembrance Day ). 2 stones: 1 addendum to an accidentally not made on time (Robert Herzog) + 1 relocation of the stone by Josef Scharfstein that was lost due to construction work. Without demnig, by two employees of Holding Graz , the road maintenance staff , who otherwise regularly do the preparatory work, such as opening the pavement and making suitable openings in it.

07th installation: June 27, 2017. 27 stones for Jewish students at the Oeversee -Gymnasium in Graz , arranged in a checkerboard pattern + 1 stone as title. - Prominent participants: Landtag President Vollath, City Councilor Riegler, outgoing and incoming school director, a school class.

08. Laying on September 27, 2017, 12: 00–8: 00 pm, 26 stones at 14 locations in Graz by Holding Graz, unveiling in the presence of Demnig, President of the Landtag Vollath u. a.

09. Laying on November 22, 2017, 5 stones in Graz

10. Laying on June 29, 2018, 2 p.m. - 4 p.m., 17 stones in 3 places. In the presence of two women displaced from Israel and relatives in the USA.

11. Laying on November 27, 2018, one stone in Leoben.

12. Relocation on April 25, 2019 in Graz, Griesplatz 9: 8 stones for the Lichtenstein family.

13. Laying on September 19, 2019 in Graz and Leoben: 7 stones in Graz, including a second stone for Richard Zach. 9 stones for 9 people in Leoben; including 6 for the Werdisheim family with relatives and researching students from the 8C of the BG / BRG Leoben Alt and history teacher Anna Rath. Supported by the city of Leoben and the MuseumsCenter Leoben. With Demnig and bus transfer (s).

14. Relocation on September 20, 2019 in Graz: 13 stones for (at least) 13 people, with relatives who have traveled from England, for example.

Announced relocations

(Status of invitation from July 29, 2020)

(postponed from March 2020) September 18, 2020, Graz, Opera, for 3 artists, in connection with a performance premiere
October 22nd, 2020, Graz, Liebenau camp, first trip threshold in Graz
October / November 2020, Leoben
October / November 2020, (for the first time in :) Frohnleiten

Stumbling block discoloration

In February 2015 and between December 2015 and February 3, 2016, stumbling blocks were found discolored blue-green at three addresses. Brass contains copper as a major component. Copper ions color aqueous solutions blue-green, copper salts can form blue-green crystals. There was a presumption of deliberate damage. An analysis from 2015, initiated by the state police headquarters, revealed traces of sulfate and nitrate as well as chloride ions. Road salt - thawing agents mostly consist of inexpensive sodium chloride , but sometimes also of or with calcium chloride , which reacts slightly acidic and can therefore have a more corrosive effect. Sulphates are also known accompanying substances in salt.

further activities

The association organized a memorial service for the communist resistance fighter Franz Leitner. The stumbling block for him, however, is planned in his home community Wiener Neustadt .

Remarks

↑
There are various explanations for the custom of placing small stones when visiting Jewish (and other) grave sites:
- Mechanical protection of the grave, for example to prevent the large locking stone of a grave cave from rolling away by wedging
- Signs of the visit to the grave, knocking on the grave, greeting to the dead who are remembered to live on
- Building on the life's work of the deceased

Individual evidence

↑ Why are small stones placed on Jewish gravestones? Jüdisch Historischer Verein Augsburg, article from November 16, 2010, accessed on February 2, 2017.

↑ The Jewish Cemetery , Jewish Community Wiener Neustadt, Sulzgruber & Stankiewicz 2017, accessed on February 2, 2017.

↑ See Society and Politics BG / BRG Oeversee, accessed September 23, 2019.

^ ^A ^b Harald Schober: First stumbling block laying in Graz. (No longer available online.) In: mein district.at. July 18, 2013, archived from the original on January 27, 2016 ; accessed on January 27, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.

^ Stumbling blocks in Graz - Franz Baranyai. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

↑ Laying of stumbling blocks for the Blüh family. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved June 13, 2016 .

↑ Gertrude Scharfstein , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on May 26, 2018.

↑ Second laying of the stumbling block on July 4, 2014 , accessed on January 26, 2016.

^ Ansgar Brehm , Association for Memorial Culture in Graz

↑ Family Card Kalman FLAKS ( Memento of the original dated February 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 8, 2016 @1@ 2

^ ORF : Kladovo Transport: Failed Escape from the Nazis , accessed on February 8, 2015

↑ See situation of Jewish pupils> The traces of life of Edgar Düdner, a Jewish pupil of the high school for boys in Oeverseegasse Prof. Josef Saringer, on: oeversee.at, BG / BRG Oeversee, accessed September 23, 2019.

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: "In the certainty that you will continue the fight:" Letters from Styrian resistance fighters from death row and concentration camp. Clio, 2000, pp. 63f.

^ Adolf Gertler , Association for Memorial Culture in Graz, accessed on January 26, 2016.

↑ Emmerich Gutmann , Association for Memorial Culture in Graz, accessed on January 15, 2015.

^ Stolpersteine in Graz - Dipl. Ing Adolf Lachs. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

↑ Stolpersteine in Graz - Melanie Lachs. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

↑ Stolpersteine in Graz - Klementine Narodoslavsky. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

^ Stumbling blocks in Graz - Josef Neuhold. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved February 2, 2016 .

↑ The spelling of men and women is sometimes different: Israel Pruckner, but Ettel Prucker.

^ Stumbling blocks in Graz - Cäcilia Reiter. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved February 2, 2016 .

↑ Third Stolperstein laying on July 17, 2015 , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on January 26, 2016.

↑ Amalia Spielmann , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on January 26, 2016.

↑ Dr. Max Steigmann , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on January 26, 2016.

↑ Richard Zach , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on 26 January 2016th

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: Archive of Names. A paper memorial of the Nazi victims from the Leoben district . CLIO, Graz 2013, p. 16 . Supplement to Werner Anzenberger, Christian Ehetreiber, Heimo Halbrainer: Eisenstrasse 1938–1945 Nazi terror - resistance - new memory . CLIO, Graz 2013, ISBN 978-3-902542-33-5 .

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: Archive of Names. A paper memorial of the Nazi victims from the Leoben district . CLIO, Graz 2013, p. 76 . Supplement to Werner Anzenberger, Christian Ehetreiber, Heimo Halbrainer: Eisenstrasse 1938–1945 Nazi terror - resistance - new memory . CLIO, Graz 2013, ISBN 978-3-902542-33-5 .

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: Archive of Names. A paper memorial of the Nazi victims from the Leoben district . CLIO, Graz 2013, p. 47 . Supplement to Werner Anzenberger, Christian Ehetreiber, Heimo Halbrainer: Eisenstrasse 1938–1945 Nazi terror - resistance - new memory . CLIO, Graz 2013, ISBN 978-3-902542-33-5 .

↑ In memory of the victims of the Nazi regime, a stumbling block is laid. In: www.kleinezeitung.at. Retrieved January 11, 2019 .

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: Archive of Names. A paper memorial of the Nazi victims from the Leoben district . CLIO, Graz 2013, p. 80 . Supplement to Werner Anzenberger, Christian Ehetreiber, Heimo Halbrainer: Eisenstrasse 1938–1945 Nazi terror - resistance - new memory . CLIO, Graz 2013, ISBN 978-3-902542-33-5 .

↑ Heimo Halbrainer: Archive of Names. A paper memorial of the Nazi victims from the Leoben district . CLIO, Graz 2013, p. 80-81 . Supplement to Werner Anzenberger, Christian Ehetreiber, Heimo Halbrainer: Eisenstrasse 1938–1945 Nazi terror - resistance - new memory . CLIO, Graz 2013, ISBN 978-3-902542-33-5 .

^ Stolpersteine in Graz First stumbling stone laying in Graz. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

↑ Stolpersteine in Graz Second stumbling stone laying. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

^ Stolpersteine in Graz Third stumbling stone laying. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

↑ My district: Stolpersteine relocation on July 17th, 2015 ( Memento of the original from February 7th, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

↑ Mail sent out by the Association for Memorial Culture, Daniela Grabe, June 13, 2016, 1:17 p.m.

↑ Fourth laying of the stumbling block , accessed on June 13, 2016

↑ Laying Stolpersteine in Graz on August 16, 2016 , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on May 7, 2019.

↑ Stolpersteine laying for the Lichtenstein family , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on April 24, 2019

↑ Astrid Höbenreich-Mitteregger: Stumbling stone laying in Leoben: "If she were here today, she would be very happy" meinviertel.at, September 19, 2019, accessed September 23, 2019. - With a series of images.

↑ https://oper-graz.buehnen-graz.com/production-details/die-passagierin

↑ again "stumbling blocks" damaged in Graz. Salzburger Nachrichten / salzburg.com on February 4, 2016, accessed on February 9, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Stolpersteine in Graz - Collection of images

Commons : Stolpersteine in Leoben - Collection of images

stolpersteine-graz.at Association for memorial culture in Graz: Stolpersteine in Graz
stolpersteine.eu website by Gunter Demnig

Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

[3] There are various explanations for the custom of placing small stones when visiting Jewish (and other) grave sites:

Mechanical protection of the grave, for example to prevent the large locking stone of a grave cave from rolling away by wedging

Signs of the visit to the grave, knocking on the grave, greeting to the dead who are remembered to live on

Building on the life's work of the deceased

[2] Mechanical protection of the grave, for example to prevent the large locking stone of a grave cave from rolling away by wedging

[3] Signs of the visit to the grave, knocking on the grave, greeting to the dead who are remembered to live on

[4] Building on the life's work of the deceased

[1] Why are small stones placed on Jewish gravestones? Jüdisch Historischer Verein Augsburg, article from November 16, 2010, accessed on February 2, 2017.

[2] The Jewish Cemetery , Jewish Community Wiener Neustadt, Sulzgruber & Stankiewicz 2017, accessed on February 2, 2017.

[4] See Society and Politics BG / BRG Oeversee, accessed September 23, 2019.

[ersteVerlegung-5] A ^b Harald Schober: First stumbling block laying in Graz. (No longer available online.) In: mein district.at. July 18, 2013, archived from the original on January 27, 2016 ; accessed on January 27, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[6] Stumbling blocks in Graz - Franz Baranyai. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved January 28, 2016 .

[Blüh-7] Laying of stumbling blocks for the Blüh family. In: stolpersteine-graz.at. Retrieved June 13, 2016 .

[8] Gertrude Scharfstein , stolpersteine-graz.at, accessed on May 26, 2018.

[9] Second laying of the stumbling block on July 4, 2014 , accessed on January 26, 2016.

[10] Ansgar Brehm , Association for Memorial Culture in Graz


Germany	Baden-Württemberg • Bavaria • Berlin • Brandenburg • Bremen • Hamburg • Hesse • Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania • Lower Saxony • North Rhine-Westphalia • Rhineland-Palatinate • Saarland • Saxony • Saxony-Anhalt • Schleswig-Holstein • Thuringia
France	Auvergne-Rhône-Alpesé • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté • Grand Est • Ile-de-France • Nouvelle-Aquitaine • Pays de la Loire
Italy	Abruzzo • Apulia • Emilia-Romagna • Friuli-Venezia Giulia • Campania • Lazio • Liguria • Lombardy • Marche • Piedmont • Sicily • Tuscany • Trentino-Alto Adige • Veneto
Norway	Oslo • Innlandet • Møre and Romsdal • Nordland • Rogaland • Troms and Finnmark • Trøndelag • Vestfold and Telemark • Vestland • Viken
Austria	Carinthia • Lower Austria • Upper Austria • Salzburg • Styria • Tyrol • Vorarlberg
Slovakia	Banskobystrický kraj • Bratislavský kraj • Nitriansky kraj • Prešovský kraj • Trenčiansky kraj • Trnavský kraj
Czech Republic	Prague • Jihočeský kraj • South Moravian Region • Karlovarský kraj • Královéhradecký kraj • Moravskoslezský kraj • Olomouc Region • Pardubický kraj • Plzeňský kraj • Středočeský kraj • Ústecký kraj • Kraj Vysočina • Zlínský kraj
Hungary	Budapest • Bács-Kiskun • Baranya • Békés • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén • Csongrád-Csanád • Győr-Moson-Sopron • Hajdú-Bihar • Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok • Pest • Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg • Vas • Vesalazprém • Zalazprém
In other countries	Belgium • Denmark • Finland • Greece • Croatia • Latvia • Lithuania • Luxembourg • Netherlands • Moldova • Poland • Romania • Russia • Sweden • Switzerland • Slovenia • Spain • Ukraine