Nițchidorf
Nițchidorf Nitzkydorf Niczkyfalva |
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Basic data | ||||
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State : | Romania | |||
Historical region : | Banat | |||
Circle : | Timiș | |||
Coordinates : | 45 ° 35 ' N , 21 ° 32' E | |||
Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | |||
Height : | 132 m | |||
Area : | 64.13 km² | |||
Residents : | 1,556 (October 20, 2011) | |||
Population density : | 24 inhabitants per km² | |||
Postal code : | 307295 | |||
Telephone code : | (+40) 02 56 | |||
License plate : | TM | |||
Structure and administration (as of 2016) | ||||
Community type : | local community | |||
Structure : | Nițchidorf, Blajova , Duboz | |||
Mayor : | Drăghici Dănuț-Ionel ( PSD ) | |||
Postal address : | Str. Principală, no. 212 loc. Nițchidorf, jud. Timiș, RO-307295 |
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Website : |
Nițchidorf [ 'nitskidorf ] ( German Nitzkydorf , Hungarian Niczkyfalva ) is a municipality in the Timiș district , in the Banat region , in western Romania . The place was first mentioned in writing in 1784.
location
Nițchidorf is located in the southeast of the Timiş district, close to the border with the Caraş-Severin district , southwest of Lugoj , 11 kilometers south of Buziaş ( Bad Busiasch ).
Neighboring places
Chevereșu Mare | Bacova | Buziaș |
favorite | Sacoșu Mare | |
Tormac | Șoșdea | Vermeș |
etymology
In the area of today's Nițchidorf there was already a village called Kutus in the Middle Ages . In 1785 the name of the place was Neu-Wukowar , as can be seen from a document dated June 20, 1785 by the Csanád bishop Emmerich Christovich . In the autumn of the same year the place was named Nitzkydorf after Count Christophorus von Nitzky , who carried out the settlement of the place. During the Hungarian period the town was called Niczkyfalva , and in 1918 after the annexation to Romania, the station was renamed Nichișoara . The Romanian spelling of the place name is Nițchidorf .
history
Nitzkydorf was created between 1784 and 1786, as a result of the so-called Third Swabian Train (1782–1786), the settlement of the Banat with Germans. The settlement of Nitzkydorf took place after the decree of September 21, 1782 by Joseph II , from 1765 to 1790 Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and co-regent of the Habsburg hereditary lands .
The first settlers came in 1785 from Alsace , Lorraine , the Palatinate , Trier , Luxembourg , Swabia , the Black Forest and Silesia . They were already listed in Vienna in 1784 , started their journey in October, overwintered in Werschetz and reached the place of settlement in the summer of 1785. In the years 1822–1823 some families from Hungary and Bohemia were added, and in 1828 some German Bohemians from Wolfsberg and Weidenthal .
On June 4, 1920, the Banat was divided into three parts as a result of the Treaty of Trianon . The largest, eastern part, to which Nitzkydorf belonged, fell to Romania.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany , all men of German origin who were conscripted into the German army. Before the end of the war, in January 1945, all ethnic German women between the ages of 18 and 30 and men between the ages of 16 and 45 were deported to the Soviet Union for reconstruction work . The Land Reform Act of March 23, 1945 , which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, deprived the rural population of their livelihoods.
Nițchidorf has 1,570 inhabitants ( as of 2007 ) and a total area of 64.13 km². The mayor is Ioan Mașcovescu ( USL , Social Liberal Union ).
population
Development of the ethnic groups | |||||||
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year | total | Romanians | Hungary | German | Roma | Rest | |
1880 | 2861 | 1015 | 19th | 1803 | ? | 24 | |
1910 | 3455 | 1226 | 71 | 2123 | ? | 35 | |
1941 | 3157 | 1035 | 29 | 2078 | ? | 15th | |
1977 | 2106 | 956 | 14th | 1131 | - | 5 | |
1992 | 1555 | 1411 | 21st | 59 | - | 64 | |
2002 | 1584 | 1465 | 32 | 19th | 7th | 61 | |
2011 | 1523 | 1352 | 26th | 21st | 5 | 119 (49 Ukrainians ) |
Personalities
- Sebastian Kräuter (1922–2008), bishop of the Timişoara diocese
- Balthasar Waitz (* 1950), writer and journalist
- Herta Müller (* 1953), German writer, winner of the 2009 Nobel Prize for Literature
See also
literature
- Helmut Wettel, The Buziasch District. Landscapes with historical sidelights , Temesvár, South Hungarian printing house, 1919.
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber and Walter Wolf : The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Volume 5. Cities and Villages , Media Group Universal Grafische Betriebe Munich, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-922979-63-7 .
Web links
- Web presentation of the hometown community Nitzkydorf
- Nițchidorf in the web presentation of the Timiș County Council
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ Mayoral elections 2016 in Romania ( MS Excel ; 256 kB)