First stone
First stone | ||
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region | Grand Est | |
Department | Bas-Rhin | |
Arrondissement | Sélestat-Erstein | |
Canton | First stone | |
Community association | Canton d'Erstein | |
Coordinates | 48 ° 25 ′ N , 7 ° 40 ′ E | |
height | 147-157 m | |
surface | 36.22 km 2 | |
Residents | 10,630 (January 1, 2017) | |
Population density | 293 inhabitants / km 2 | |
Post Code | 67150 | |
INSEE code | 67130 | |
Website | www.ville-erstein.fr | |
Erstein in the Upper Rhine Plain |
Erstein is a French commune with 10,630 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). The municipality is located in the arrondissement of Sélestat-Erstein .
geography
Erstein is about 20 kilometers south of Strasbourg and 5 km west of the German border in the Upper Rhine Plain on the Ill , near the Rhine-Rhône Canal in the center of the fertile Erstein plain, at 150 m above sea level. NHN.
traffic
The Strasbourg – Colmar railway station is located on the western edge of the city . The former national road N83 (D1083) Lyon – Strasbourg , which has been expanded to four lanes in this section, runs parallel to the railway line . The D 426 leads to Obernai , 12 km to the west , to the east there is a connection to Schwanau in Germany and Lahr via the Rhine .
history
- Erstein was first mentioned as Villa Herinstein in 817.
- Irmingard (Ermengard), daughter of Count Hugo von Tours and wife of Emperor Lothar I , founded the Erstein Abbey in 849 , where she was buried. Bertha, probably daughter of King Konrad III. , was abbess of Erstein in 1153 . The monastery was closed in 1422 and its goods went to the diocese of Strasbourg. In 1818 the last buildings of the monastery had disappeared.
- In 1191 the settlement was granted town charter , which was also linked to town fortifications and its own municipal administration.
- In 1472 the city came to Strasbourg and remained under this rule until 1790. The fortifications were razed, the place became an insignificant country town.
- The place suffered particularly from the Thirty Years' War, the population halved. Erstein came to France in the Peace of Westphalia .
- In the course of the French Revolution , Erstein became the capital of the canton in 1790. For the first time it came to the election of a mayor ( Maire ).
- In the second half of the 18th century, economic consolidation began: the population doubled between 1751 and 1846 from 1640 to more than 3500 inhabitants. Local agriculture took off, as did other branches of the economy such as the tanner's trade.
- The 19th century was marked by the construction of a railway line and the regulation of the Rhine under Tulla . Industries settled there, such as a weaving mill (until 2001) and a sugar factory. In 1846 Erstein had 3,676 inhabitants.
- During the Franco-Prussian War , Prussian troops marched in, and Germany returned to Germany through the Peace of Frankfurt in 1871.
- Around 1900 Erstein had a Protestant and a Catholic church, a synagogue and a district court .
- After the end of the First World War , the city came back to France through the provisions of the Versailles Treaty .
- After the French declaration of war on Germany, the Germans advance in World War II in 1939, and the French again on November 28, 1944.
Demographics
year | population | Remarks |
---|---|---|
1872 | 3890 | |
1890 | 4807 | |
1900 | 5593 | mostly Catholic residents |
1905 | 5837 | |
1910 | 6061 |
year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2013 |
Residents | 6.165 | 6,288 | 7,434 | 8,095 | 8,600 | 9,664 | 9,971 | 10,916 |
The population growth of Ersteins has been slightly above average since the early 1960s compared to the overall European development. At the beginning of the 21st century the population of the place decreased slightly.
coat of arms
In the split coat of arms, a slanting bar in silver can be seen in front in red, an indication of the affiliation to Strasbourg, in the back a church in gold in blue as an indication of the former Benedictine monastery.
economy
As a business location, Erstein is known for its sugar factory .
Attractions
- The former tanner's house with its rich half-timbered structure was built in the 18th century. It is classified as a monument historique .
- On January 27, 2008, the Musée Würth France Erstein was opened in the industrial area next to the Würth France headquarters . The museum covers around 3000 m² and alternately shows a selection of artistic and sculptural works from the Würth collection on two floors . The museum opened with works by Emil Nolde , Max Ernst , René Magritte , Georg Baselitz and Jörg Immendorff from the collection.
- Erstein has been one of the experimental venues since 2014 .
Town twinning
- Since 1970 Erstein has maintained a partnership with the German city of Endingen am Kaiserstuhl , which is only about 30 km south on the other side of the Rhine . Since 2004 the community has also been related to São João de Loure in Portugal .
- Erstein is the sponsor community of the German Jäger Battalion 291 stationed in Illkirch-Graffenstaden in the "Quartier Leclerc" .
Personalities
- François-Joseph d'Offenstein (1760–1837), French general
- Jérôme Nicklès (1820-1869), French chemist
- Alphonse Gilliot (1849–1927), member of the state parliament
- Julius von Lautz (1903–1980), former Saarland Interior Minister and President of the Saarland State Parliament
- Otto Wilhelm von Vacano (1910–1997), German archaeologist
- Laure Diebold (1915–1965), French resistance fighter of the Resistance
- Jean-Marie Zemb (1928–2007), French philosopher and Germanist
- Mauritius Choriol (* 1959), Benedictine monk and abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of St. Mauritius (Tholey) , founded in 634 , Saarland
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 353-361.
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Erstein
- Communauté de Communes du Pays d'Erstein
- Musee Würth Erstein ( German , French , English )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 6, Leipzig / Vienna 1906, pp. 77-78 ( online )
- ^ Complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Alsace-Lorraine. Contains: the cities, towns, villages, castles, communities, hamlets, mines and steel works, farms, mills, ruins, mineral springs, etc. with details of the geographical location, factory, industrial and other commercial activity, the post, railway u. Telegraph stations and the like historical notes etc. Adapted from official sources by H. Rudolph. Louis Zander, Leipzig 1872, Sp. 15 ( online )