Bert Trautmann

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bert Trautmann
Sculpture of Bert Trautmann.jpg
Sculpture by Bert Trautmann
in the Manchester City Museum
Personnel
Surname Bernhard Carl Trautmann
birthday October 22, 1923
place of birth Bremen - Walle ,  Germany
date of death 19th July 2013
Place of death La Llosa, Castellón Province ,  Spain
position goalkeeper
Men's
Years station Games (goals) 1
1948-1949 St Helens Town AFC 43 (0)
1949-1964 Manchester City 508 (0)
1964 Wellington Town 2 (0)
Stations as a trainer
Years station
1965-1966 Stockport County
1967-1968 Prussia Munster
1968-1969 SC Opel Rüsselsheim
1972-1974 Burma
1978-1980 Liberia
1980-1983 Pakistan
1 Only league games are given.

Bernhard Carl "Bert" Trautmann , OBE (born October 22, 1923 in Bremen - Walle ; † July 19, 2013 in La Llosa, Province of Castellón , Valencian Community , Spain ) was a German football player who was considered one of the best in his playing days Goalkeeper of the world was considered.

Trautmann served as a paratrooper in the Air Force during World War II . He fought on the Eastern Front for three years. He was later assigned to the Western Front , where he was captured by British troops towards the end of the war. After his release in 1948, Trautmann turned down an offer to return and settled in Lancashire . In October 1949 he signed a contract with Manchester City , which was then playing in the English Premier League . About 20,000 people demonstrated against the club's decision to deploy a former German paratrooper.

In 1956 he was named England's Footballer of the Year . In the same year he won the final of the FA Cup with his team , which he played to an end despite a serious injury to save the leadership of his team. After the game, Trautmann was diagnosed with a broken neck. Trautmann guarded the goal for Manchester City in 545 games until 1964. After his playing career he moved into coaching positions , where he later as part of a development plan of the German Football Association , the National coaching positions in several countries, including Burma , Tanzania and Pakistan , took over. In 2004, Queen Elizabeth II awarded him the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his services to English-German understanding through football. Bert Trautmann died of a heart attack on July 19, 2013 at the age of 89 in his home in La Llosa, Spain, near Valencia .

Life

Childhood and youth in Bremen

Trautmann's birthplace Bremen in the 1920s

Trautmann was born on October 22, 1923 in Walle , a district in the west of Bremen . His father worked first as an electrician, then as a loader in a fertilizer factory near the port, his mother Frieda was a housewife. Due to the difficult economic circumstances in the 1920s, the Trautmanns sold their home and moved into a rented apartment in Gröpelingen , where Trautmann lived until 1941 (Wischhusenstrasse 32) and attended school.

As a boy he was interested in sports and played handball and dodgeball . He joined the soccer club TuRa Bremen at the age of eight and initially played in the left midfield .

In 1933, at the age of ten, he joined the Jungvolk , the youth organization of the Hitler Youth . In the following year he won various Reich youth competitions such as the long jump and 60-meter run and acquired the Reich Sports Badge . At the age of 14 he left school and became a member of the Hitler Youth. As one of 60 young people from the Bremen region, the Hitler Youth chose him to spend a country year on the border with Czechoslovakia . In addition to working on the farm, the year was mainly used for sport. Due to his athletic achievements, Trautmann took part in the Reich Youth Games in the Olympiastadion Berlin , where he took second place in the long jump, grenade throwing and the 60-meter run. In January 1939 he began training as a car mechanic at Hanomag .

Second World War

Trautmann volunteered for the Air Force at the age of 17 . Due to his lack of school qualifications, the career he was aiming for as a pilot was eliminated and he began training as a radio operator . The Luftwaffe transferred him to Schwerin at the end of January 1941 . During his training he showed little interest in sparks and did not pass the required aptitude test. On the advice of his commander, he reported to the newly established 35th Intelligence Regiment as part of the 5th Air Corps .

He served in April 1941 after three months of training in the German occupation of Poland and was initially stationed in Zamość . On June 21, 1941, Trautmann's regiment received marching orders to participate in Operation Barbarossa . His unit was subordinate to the 1st Panzer Army of Army Group South and stationed near Zhitomir in northern Ukraine. A non-commissioned officer was injured when Trautmann tampered with an Opel P4 . A military court sentenced Trautmann to three months in prison. He was taken to a military hospital because of appendicitis . The attending doctor put him on as an assistant after his recovery, but continued to send weekly reports on Trautmann's state of health to the commandant of the military prison. As a result, he spent the time leading up to the end of his prison term as a medical assistant.

In October 1941, his unit was relocated to Dnepropetrovsk , where the early winter put an end to the further advance of the German armed forces. Attacks on the supply routes of the Soviet army was the main task of the association. Trautmann's unit gained ground in early 1942, but was hit hard by the Soviet counteroffensive and was relocated to Smolensk in the spring of 1942 .

Trautmann volunteered for the paratroopers there and came to Berlin for training. After his training, Trautmann was assigned to the 1st Paratrooper Regiment of the 7th Air Division . In the spring, Trautmann was promoted to NCO . Trautmann has received five awards, including the Iron Cross First Class.

After his promotion to sergeant , Trautmann was assigned to a new unit that was transferred to France in anticipation of an Allied invasion. On February 11, 1945, he was one of the few members of his unit to survive the Allied bombing of Kleve . Trautmann then deserted and wanted to move to his hometown of Bremen. Allied soldiers captured him in a barn on March 27, 1945. The British soldier who captured him greeted him warmly with the words Hello Fritz, fancy a cup of tea? (Hello Fritz, how about a cup of tea?) As the war was coming to an end, Trautmann made no attempt to escape. The British took him to the British POW Camp 50 (now Byrchall High School) in Ashton-in-Makerfield , between St. Helens and Wigan . He was later moved to a similar camp in Huyton near Liverpool . At soccer games in the camp he played successfully in the right midfield until one day there was no goalkeeper and Trautmann tried his hand at goal and proved to be a natural talent. From that time on, the British called him Bert , as it was difficult for them to pronounce Bernd, the short form of his first name, correctly.

Early football career

When the prison camp was about to be closed, Trautmann turned down an offer to repatriate and stayed in England. He worked first on a farm in Milnthorpe , later in the ordnance disposal in Huyton . Trautmann played in the POW Camp 50 prisoner of war camp (now Byrchall High School) in Ashton-in-Makerfield, which is between St. Helens and Wigan, with footballers such as the later Schalke Karl Krause and the Bremerhaven-based Günther Lühr and later as a goalkeeper for the provincial club St Helens Town AFC in Lancashire . The St. Helens Newspaper and Advertiser wrote about his first appearances on August 17, 1948:

"The way he snatched the ball out of the air was amazing, and his diving was quite spectacular… Certainly, if the talent he showed on Saturday is maintained, Trautmann will be the talk of the league for long."

“The way he snapped the ball out of the air was amazing and his dive was pretty spectacular…. Sure, if the talent he showed on Saturday is retained, Trautmann will be the topic of the league for a long time. "

Trautmann moved to Liverpool- Huyton in 1949 . His fans raised £ 50 for his first home vacation. When Trautmann returned and extended it for the next season, the local press celebrated this with several articles and photos. In St Helens he met his first fiancée, Marion Greenhill, with whom he had a daughter. He later met his future wife, the director's daughter, Margaret Friar, whom he married in 1950. With her he had three sons, John, Mark and Stephen. However, his eldest son died in a car accident a few months after the 1956 FA Cup final when he was five. The marriage later broke up.

Due to his personal circumstances, he initially turned down offers from professional clubs. His performance made him an attraction for a growing audience. This attracted the attention of the top division clubs. There have been inquiries from Arsenal FC , Tottenham Hotspur , Everton FC , Manchester United and Manchester City . In order to observe Trautmann, City's board of directors arranged a friendly game against St Helens Town. The financially best offer came from Burnley FC . Nevertheless, Trautmann signed with City:

“The city officials lured St Helens' director Jack Friar to alleged negotiations in Manchester, but suddenly stood at my door. I was in bed with the flu that day. They raved about me and had a contract with them. I just wanted to get rid of it - because I had to go to the bathroom. But they kept talking. At some point I had enough and signed. From that day on I was a citizen. "

Manchester City

Manchester City Logo 70s.svg

At City he signed a contract in October 1949, replacing the hugely popular England goalkeeper Frank Swift . Swift's first successor, Ron Powell , only played twelve games for City and moved to Chesterfield FC after Trautmann's commitment . As a former member of the Air Force , Manchester fans received him with open hostility. Twenty thousand fans took to the streets to protest the transfer of Traut the Kraut , and some carried placards that read Off with the German! ( Out with the German! ). Some Manchester City fans returned their season tickets in protest, and various fan groups wrote protest letters.

The rabbi of Manchester, Alexander Altmann , who had been expelled from Germany by the Nazis himself, asked the citizens of the city in an open letter to deal with Trautmann with an open mind. Under the title Manchester City - A controversial transfer he wrote;

“If this footballer is a decent fellow, I would say, there is no harm in it. Each must be judged on his merits. "

“If this footballer is a decent guy, then I can't see any disadvantage. Everyone must be judged according to their personal worth. "

Although he had private doubts about Trautmann's obligation, team captain Eric Westwood , a Normandy veteran , greeted Trautmann with the words: There is no war in this cabin . Manchester City officials then tried to make the new goalkeeper known to the public. Trautmann offered to discuss the problems. The association organized an appearance for representatives of the press in which the team carried Trautmann on their shoulders.

In addition, Trautmann convinced his critics with his performance, and the feared boycott of the fans did not materialize. The Times even reported about his very first game with the reserve team against Barnsley FC , calling him one of the discoveries of recent years. The local press wrote that City had finally found a replacement for Swift. His appearance in the first away game in London against Fulham also aroused great media interest. The fans insulted Trautmann as a former paratrooper in view of the destruction of the city by the air force as a herb and a Nazi . Manchester City were under pressure in the league at the time and the general public expected a devastating loss to Fulham. City only lost 0: 1 through Trautmann's parades. After the final whistle, he was applauded not only by his own but also by the opposing players and the Fulham fans. Trautmann described the day with the words:

“I wanted to show the people I was a good goalkeeper and a good German and things went my way that day. But for both sets of players to applaud me off at full-time and for the Fulham fans to give me a standing ovation, it's something I will never forget. "

“I wanted to show people that I was a good goalkeeper and a good German and things went well for me that day. But the fact that the players from both teams applauded me at the end of the game and the Fulham fans celebrated me with a standing ovation is something I will never forget. "

Manchester City rose to the second division at the end of the season despite Trautmann's performances . However, the club managed to get promoted back to the top division straight away . In the following years, Trautmann established himself as one of the best goalkeepers in the league. He played up to five games in all of the following 250 league games of his club.

Later, however, he almost went back to Germany. At the end of 1952, Trautmann promised FC Schalke 04 a move to Gelsenkirchen . Trautmann knew that as a legionnaire he would not be set up for the German national team by national coach Sepp Herberger and hoped that this change would be taken into account. The transfer ultimately failed due to the requested transfer fee of 20,000  pounds sterling - at that time about 200,000  German marks , although Schalke had only offered 1,000 pounds sterling.

In the mid-1950s, Manchester City coach Les McDowall introduced a new tactical system with a center-forward who was retreated to midfield and who worked out his own chances, known as the Revie Plan , after center-forward Don Revie . The tactical innovations were based on the appearance of the Hungarian national team on November 25, 1953 at Wembley Stadium , when they beat the English team, considered invincible on the home turf, 6-3. The system depended on maintaining possession of the ball, which required Trautmann to use his throwing power. For the goalkeepers of the Trautmann era, it was customary to kick the ball as far forward as possible after a save. In contrast, Trautmann, influenced by the Hungarian goalkeeper Gyula Grosics , tried to initiate the attacks by throwing the ball to one of the wingers, such as Ken Barnes or John McTavish . The winger then played to Revie, and Revie developed the attack.

Within a few years, Trautmann became the best goalkeeper in the English league and was among the world's best. The courageous storming out of the goal area and throwing himself into the shot was his specialty. He mastered it perfectly and also had the talent to hold onto balls fired from the shortest distance with his "magnetic hands".

FA Cup Final 1956

The old Wembley Stadium , home of the FA Cup Finals

The 1956 FA Cup final at London's Wembley Stadium, where Manchester City faced Birmingham City and won 3-1, will not be forgotten in England . In the 75th minute of play, Trautmann threw himself into a low cross in front of the six-yard box and was hit with the knee in the neck by Birmingham striker Peter Murphy . Since no substitutions were allowed at that time, Trautmann played for the remaining quarter of an hour and became the player of the day because he doggedly kept his goal clean against the attacking Birmingham despite being injured. An x-ray examination three days after the game showed that Trautmann had broken his neck and dislocated five other cervical vertebrae in the collision with Murphy . This injury could have been fatal in unfortunate circumstances. He was forced to spend five months wrapped in a cast from head to waist and then played with a protective cap.

Bert Trautmann's neck brace that he wore after his injury

In his “Cultural History of Goalkeepers” Christoph Bausenwein records a critic's description of Trautmann's goalkeeping performance in the 1956 Cup final against Birmingham with the following words: “He's always good and often he's fabulous. And then there are still days when he does supernatural things. And he has one of his best days in this final. "

Between 1949 and 1964, Trautmann played 545 times for Manchester City. Even before his appearance in the FA Cup final, Trautmann was voted Footballer of the Year in England as the second foreign player in England after Johnny Carey from Ireland in 1956 . He had previously been in the 1955 cup final, but this won Newcastle United, led by Jackie Milburn . In 1960 the English Football Association decided to allow foreigners to join the league selection teams. Trautmann was skipper of All Star teams, which took against the Irish League and against a selection of Italian Serie A played.

Retired at Manchester City

He ended his career as a player in 1964 after 15 years at the age of 41 in his 590th game. Probably 13,000 more than the officially admitted 47,000 spectators attended his farewell game in the completely overcrowded stadium on Maine Road - a remarkable change of attitude among the initially disapproving fans. Trautmann was in this game captain of a Manchester selection, for which Bobby Charlton and Denis Law played, among others, against an England selection with, among others, Tom Finney , Stanley Matthews and Jimmy Armfield . After the game, Bobby Charlton recognized him as “one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time.” Russian goalkeeper Lev Yashin said: “There were only two world-class goalkeepers. One was Lev Yashin, the other was the German boy who played in Manchester - Trautmann. "

Trautmann said:

“I couldn't have felt prouder and I felt very emotional that the people of Manchester had come out in such numbers to pay their respects to me. It was the final chapter of a wonderful playing career for me. "

“I couldn't have felt more proud and emotionally overwhelmed that the people of Manchester had come in such large numbers to pay me their respects. It was the last chapter of a wonderful playing career for me. "

In the stadium on Maine Road, the fans tore out the goal posts, as no one other than Trautmann should stand between these posts. Trautmann is a prominent example of a German who fought against the British in the Second World War and played himself in their hearts after the Second World War. In England, Bert Trautmann is still considered one of the best goalkeepers of all time.

When asked about his unusual career from prisoner of war to fan favorite, Trautmann said:

“My education only began the day I arrived in England. People were so kind and decent, they didn't see an enemy prisoner, they saw a human being. The British made me what I am […] I come back four or five times a year and always think: Great, I'm home. "

“My upbringing only started the day I arrived in England. The people were so nice and decent, they didn't see me as a prisoner of war, they saw me as a human being. The British made me who I am [...] I come back four or five times a year and I always think: "Great, I'm at home". "

Further career

After leaving Manchester City, he played for Wellington Town for a short time . The divorce of his marriage also took place in these years. From 1964 to 1966, Bert Trautmann was coach at Stockport County and then from July 1967 to September 1968 at Preußen Münster in the Regionalliga , the second highest division in Germany at the time. In the 1969/70 season he was in charge of the SC Opel Rüsselsheim team in the Regionalliga Süd .

International football

Sepp Herberger (1956)

Bert Trautmann was never in the German national team , as national coach Sepp Herberger did not use any legionnaires in his team . His role at the first game of the national team in England in December 1954 was limited to that of a translator and local helper. At the football world championship in 1966 , the organizers put Trautmann as the official attaché. At the 1996 European Football Championship in England, he was a member of the DFB delegation.

Later, Trautmann traveled around the world as an “ambassador” for German football. He was the coach of the Burma national team (1972–1975), with whom he qualified for the 1972 Olympic football tournament in Munich. In Burma, he married the German Ursula van der Heyde in 1970 ; this marriage lasted until 1982.

This was followed by a station in Tanzania (1975–1978) before he completed his training as a football teacher under the then DFB chief trainer Gero Bisanz at the Cologne Sports University in the 1978 course. He then continued his international development work in Liberia (1978–1981), Pakistan (1981–1983), Yemen (1983–1985) and Malta (1987). In June 2004, he founded a non-profit association that collects the foundation capital for the Trautmann Foundation . The aim of this foundation is to promote German-British understanding through football. From 1991 he lived with his third wife Marlis north of the Spanish city of Valencia . Until his death, he regularly attended games from his former club Manchester City.

death

Bert Trautmann, who had already survived two heart attacks in 2013 , died on July 19, 2013 in his home near Valencia of another heart attack at the age of 89. His death caused great consternation and sympathy and met with a great response in the national and international press, which highlighted his unusual career from being an opponent of the war to a legendary goalkeeper.

Manchester City dedicated the opening game of the 2013/14 Premier League season to Trautmann. In honor of Trautmann, the players warmed up in goalkeeper jerseys labeled Trautmann 1 . The shirts were auctioned for the benefit of the Trautmann Foundation . In addition, from this season onwards, the club will be awarding the Bert Trautmann Award for Special Contribution for outstanding performance on or off the field.

FIFA President Sepp Blatter said of Trautmann in an obituary:

“In his contribution to Anglo-German relations following the Second World War, Bert Trautmann was a prime example of how football can be used to bring people together and forget their differences, one that FIFA is proud to follow in its social development work across the globe. "

"With his contribution to German-English relations after the Second World War, Bert Trautmann was a prime example of how football brings people together and how they forget their differences, one that FIFA proudly follows in its social development work around the world."

The DFB President Wolfgang Niersbach called Trautmann a great athlete and true gentleman:

“He came to England as a soldier and thus as an opponent of the war and became a celebrated hero on the island. He was a legend even in his lifetime. His extraordinary career will forever remain in the history books. "

Awards

Street sign at Bert-Trautmann-Platz in Bremen

Bert Trautmann received numerous honors and awards in his life. In 1956, he was named Manchester's Player of the Year and, as the first German, England's Footballer of the Year . In the same year he won the FA Cup with Manchester City . In 1997 he received the Federal Cross of Merit .

In 2002 he was voted the Football Legend of the Football League . Queen Elisabeth II appointed Bert Trautmann in October 2004 in recognition of his services to German-British relations as Honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire . The following year he was accepted into the English Football Hall of Fame of the English Football Association.

Manchester City fans did him a special honor when they voted him the second best Manchester City player of all time after Colin Bell in 2007 . The German Academy for Football Culture awarded him the Walther Bensemann Special Prize in 2008 and in the same year he also received the DFB needle with diamond. In 2011 he was finally accepted into the Hall of Fame of German Sports .

In the Bremen district of Gröpelingen , Bert-Trautmann-Platz in front of the TuRa sports facility has been a reminder of its origins and athletic beginnings since March 2014.

Career statistics

society season league FA Cup League Cup total
league Games Gates Games Gates Games Gates Games Gates
St Helens Town AFC 1948/49 Liverpool Combination 34 0 1 0 - 35 0
1949/50 Lancashire Combination 9 0 1 0 - 10 0
total 43 0 2 0 - 45 0
Manchester City 1949/50 First Division 26th 0 0 0 - 26th 0
1950/51 Second Division 42 0 1 0 - 43 0
1951/52 First Division 41 0 2 0 - 43 0
1952/53 First Division 42 0 3 0 - 45 0
1953/54 First Division 42 0 2 0 - 44 0
1954/55 First Division 40 0 6th 0 - 46 0
1955/56 First Division 40 0 7th 0 - 47 0
1956/57 First Division 21st 0 2 0 - 23 0
1957/58 First Division 34 0 1 0 - 35 0
1958/59 First Division 41 0 2 0 - 43 0
1959/60 First Division 41 0 1 0 - 42 0
1960/61 First Division 40 0 4th 0 2 0 46 0
1961/62 First Division 40 0 2 0 1 0 43 0
1962/63 First Division 15th 0 0 0 1 0 16 0
1963/64 Second Division 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
total 508 0 33 0 4th 0 545 0
Wellington Town 1964/65 Southern League 2 0 0 0 - 2 0
total 2 0 0 0 - 2 0
Career total 553 0 35 0 4th 0 592 0

Publications

Movies

documentation

  • Boris Poscharsky: Bert Trautmann - From prisoner of war to goalkeeper legend , NDR television , sports club story, approx. 30 min., First broadcast: March 31, 2019

literature

Bert Trautmann's last wife Marlis at the presentation of the German translation of her husband's biography “Trautmanns Weg. From Hitler Youth to English Football Legend ”by Catrine Clay at the Frankfurt Book Fair 2013.
  • Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey. From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend. Yellow Jersey Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-224-08289-1 .
  • Catrine Clay: Trautmann's way. From Hitler Youth to English football legend. , with an epilogue by Michael Dittrich; From the English by Olaf Bentkämper, Göttingen: Verlag Die Werkstatt, 2nd edition. 2018, ISBN 978-3-7307-0445-5
  • Nick Harris: The Foreign Revolution. How Overseas Footballers Changed the English Game. Aurum Press, London 2006, ISBN 1-84513-159-2 .
  • John Ramsden: Don't Mention the War. The British and the Germans since 1890. Little, Brown Book, London 2006, ISBN 0-349-11539-7 .
  • Alan Rowlands: Trautmann: The Biography. Breedon, Derby 2005, ISBN 1-85983-491-4 .
  • Robin Streppelhoff: Two Germans in England: The football careers of Bernd Trautmann and Alois Eisträger. In: SportZeiten. Sport in history, culture and society. 2009, ISSN  1617-7606 , pp. 33-51.
  • Stephen Wagg: "That German Boy Who Played for Manchester". Bert Trautmann - Biography, History and Politics . In: Anthony Edward Waine (ed.): On and Off the Field. Football culture in England and Germany . Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2014, ISBN 978-3-658-00133-9 , pp. 25-46.

Web links

Commons : Bert Trautmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Goalkeeper legend Bert Trautmann died at 89 . Spiegel Online , accessed on May 13, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 8.
  3. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 6.
  4. ↑ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 17.
  5. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 37.
  6. ↑ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 35.
  7. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 52.
  8. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend. Yellow Jersey Publisher (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 59.
  9. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend. Yellow Jersey Publisher (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 66.
  10. ↑ a b c James: The Official Manchester City Hall of Fame. P. 134.
  11. ↑ a b Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 83.
  12. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 86.
  13. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 88.
  14. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 91.
  15. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Yellow Jersey Verlag (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , pp. 101-104.
  16. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 109.
  17. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 109.
  18. ^ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 122.
  19. ↑ Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 127.
  20. ^ Rowlands, Trautmann: The Biography , p. 49.
  21. ↑ Bert Trautmann died at the age of 89, at Stern.de. Retrieved July 30, 2013 .
  22. ↑ http://www.goalkeepersaredifferent.com/keepers/goalkeeping-greats.html Football's greatest goalkeepers
  23. ^ Club games Karl Krause. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  24. ^ Club matches Günther Lühr. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  25. ↑ a b Goalkeeper legend Trautmann: "I felt like a monkey in the zoo," at SPIEGEL.de. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  26. ↑ a b c d e f Robin Streppelhoff: Two Germans in England: The football careers of Bernd Trautmann and Alois Eisträger . In: SportZeiten. Sport in history, culture and society , 2009, pp. 33–51.
  27. ^ A b Bert Trautmann, at Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  28. ↑ Simon Turnbull: Keeper of legends. The Independent on Sunday, London, 7 May 2006.
  29. ^ Alan Rowlands: Trautmann - The Biography . Breedon, Derby 2005, p. 226.
  30. ↑ a b Bert Trautmann 1923–2013, at mcfc.co.uk. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  31. ↑ How the English fell in love with German football, at newstatesman.com. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  32. ↑ Bert Trautmann's 85th birthday - "No war in this cabin", at 11Freunde.de. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  33. ↑ a b Catrine Clay: Trautmann's Journey: From Hitler Youth to FA Cup Legend , Verlag Yellow Jersey (2011), ISBN 0-224-08289-2 , p. 276.
  34. ↑ a b My debt to City, by Bert Trautmann, OBE, at mcfc.co.uk. Retrieved July 30, 2013 .
  35. ↑ Thomas Spiegel / Gerd Voss: Almost everything about Schalke 04 , KiWi paperback, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-462-04101-9 , p. 88.
  36. ↑ Christoph Bausenwein: The last men. On the genre history and soul science of the gatekeeper . Publishing house Die Werkstatt. Göttingen 2003, ISBN 3-89533-425-1 , p. 91.
  37. ↑ Christoph Bausenwein: The last men. On the genre history and soul science of the gatekeeper. Publishing house Die Werkstatt. Göttingen 2003, ISBN 3-89533-425-1 , p. 93.
  38. ↑ Goalkeeper legend Trautmann: "The greatest keeper of all time". Retrieved August 19, 2013 .
  39. ^ Bert Trautmann, at Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved September 13, 2013 .
  40. ↑ Bert Trautmann at sporthelden.de. Retrieved August 21, 2013 .
  41. ↑ The ex-trainer Bert Trautmann died at the age of 89. Retrieved August 10, 2013 .
  42. ^ A b c Bernhard “Bert” Trautmann: A German “Hero” on the island, at Kicker.de. Retrieved September 8, 2013 .
  43. ^ Jürgen Bitter : Germany's football. The lexicon . Sports publishing house Berlin. 2000, ISBN 3-328-00857-8 , p. 652.
  44. ↑ German goalkeeper legend Trautmann died, at Welt.de. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  45. ↑ Manchester Evening News: Former City goalkeeper Bert Trautmann to be remembered with minute's applause at club's first game of season, at manchestereveningnews.co.uk. Retrieved September 4, 2013 .
  46. ↑ a b SPIEGEL: First prisoner of war, then cult keeper: goalkeeper legend Bert Trautmann died, at SPIEGEL.de. Retrieved September 4, 2013 .
  47. ↑ ManCity honors club legend Trautmann, at Kicker.de. Retrieved August 19, 2013 .
  48. ↑ Manchester City - The football world pays tribute to Trautmann, at mcfc.co.uk. Retrieved August 2, 2013 .
  49. ↑ a b From Unloved Germans to Legends, at Westen.de. Retrieved August 16, 2013 .
  50. ↑ 50 Greatest Players, at bluemoon-mcfc.co.uk. Retrieved March 12, 2019 .
  51. ↑ Walther Bensemann Prize - special prize for commitment and social responsibility. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 9, 2012 ; accessed on August 16, 2013 .
  52. ↑ Controversial Hall of Fame: Stecher there, Schur outside, at SPIEGEL.de. Retrieved August 16, 2013 .
  53. ↑ Bert-Trautmann-Platz inaugurated in Gröpelingen. Weser-Kurier, March 12, 2014, accessed on March 12, 2014 .
  54. ^ Rowlands: Trautmann: The Biography , p. 252; James: Manchester City - The Complete Record , pp. 367-395.
  55. ^ Sports club story: Bert Trautmann - From prisoner of war to goalkeeper legend. In: ndr.de . Norddeutscher Rundfunk , accessed on May 2, 2019 .
This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on September 14, 2013 in this version .
personal data
SURNAME Trautmann, Bert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Trautmann, Bernhard Carl (full name); Trautmann, Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German soccer player and coach
DATE OF BIRTH October 22, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen - Walle , Free Hanseatic City of Bremen , Weimar Republic
DATE OF DEATH 19th July 2013
Place of death La Llosa , Valencian Community , Spain