Bald on the Main
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Coordinates: 50 ° 4 ′ N , 9 ° 0 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Bavaria | |
| Administrative region : | Lower Franconia | |
| County : | Aschaffenburg | |
| Height : | 110 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 10.64 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8033 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 755 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 63796 | |
| Area code : | 06188 | |
| License plate : | AB , ALZ | |
| Community key : | 09 6 71 134 | |
| Community structure: | 2 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Aschaffenburger Strasse 1 63796 Kahl a.Main |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Jürgen Seitz ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Kahl a.Main in the district of Aschaffenburg | ||
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Kahl am Main (officially: Kahl a.Main ) is a Bavarian municipality in the Lower Franconian district of Aschaffenburg . The place of the same name is both the capital and the seat of the municipal administration.
geography
Geographical location
The place Kahl am Main is 107 meters above sea level . It lies on the state border with Hesse and is easily accessible between Aschaffenburg and Hanau ( Main-Kinzig district ). The topographically highest point of the municipality mark is located north of Kahl on Birkenhainer Straße at 130 m above sea level. NN (location) , the lowest is in the Main at the mouth of the Kahl at 101.7 m above sea level. NN (location) , which is also the lowest point in Bavaria . Frankfurt am Main is around 30 kilometers to the west .
Community structure
There are two parts of the community:
- Bald on the Main
- Emmerichshofen Castle
There is only the district Kahl am Main.
The lost town of Prischoss was partly on the current territory of the municipality of Kahl am Main. Today the residential area on the northeastern outskirts of Kahl Prischoss is called. The back houses of this settlement are already on the boundary of Wasserlos .
Neighboring communities
| City of Hanau |
community Rodenbach |
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| Community Grosskrotzenburg |
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City of Alzenau |
| Community Hainburg |
Karlstein am Main municipality |
Surname
etymology
The municipality name comes from the Kahl river of the same name , which flows into the Main in the district . The addition on the Main basically differentiated the village from the nearby towns of Kahl and Kahl , which are now known as Groß- and Kleinkahl .
Earlier spellings
Earlier spellings of the place from various historical maps and documents:
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history
Prehistory and early history
The first settlements in the area of today's Kahl are archaeologically proven for the Neolithic . Excavations in the Lange Hecke corridor yielded findings from the urnfields and the migration of peoples towards the end of the 1980s .
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the place comes from a document from the year 1282. At that time the village was called "Calde". In the Middle Ages , Kahl belonged to the Hörstein court , which in turn was part of the Alzenau free court . The free court was directly imperial , but the empire pledged or lent the area again and again. So the rulers changed, including the lords and later counts of Hanau , the lords of Randenburg and the lords of Eppstein .
Modern times
In 1500 , the Roman-German King Maximilian I enfeoffed the Archbishop of Mainz and the Count of Hanau-Munzenberg together with the Freigericht, which they administered as a condominium . Since ecclesiastical jurisdiction remained with the Archbishops of Mainz at the time of the condominium , the Reformation - in contrast to the County of Hanau-Münzenberg - could not prevail here. Kahl remained Roman Catholic . In 1609 Kahl fell to Kurmainz.
The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 struck Kahl to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which however only kept it for 13 years. In 1816 the now Grand Duchy of Hesse ceded the office to the Kingdom of Bavaria . Since then, Kahl has been Bavarian.
The community belonged to the Alzenau district office , which was formed on July 1, 1862. On January 1, 1939, this became part of the Alzenau district in Lower Franconia . With its dissolution, Kahl came to the newly formed district of Aschaffenburg on July 1, 1972 .
politics
Municipal council
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The municipal council of Kahl am Main has 20 members. Another member is the full-time mayor. The 2008 and 2014 local elections had the following results:
| CSU | SPD | GREEN | FWG | total | |
| 2008 | 9 | 6th | 3 | 2 | 20 seats |
| 2014 | 9 | 6th | 5 | - | 20 seats |
mayor
Jürgen Seitz (SPD) has been the first mayor since 1999. This was confirmed in the election on July 3, 2011 with 63.5% and on July 2, 2017 with 63.9% of the valid votes in office.
coat of arms
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Blazon : “Angled left divided by a silver wave bar; above in blue a running silver rabbit, below in red half a silver wheel. "
Coat of arms history : The municipality of Kahl is located on a bend in the Main, as indicated by the silver wave bar in the coat of arms. The river name is also part of the place name. The colors silver and red and half the wheel are reminiscent of the former rule of the Mainz spa state in the community. The silver hare is reminiscent of the nickname of the Kahler citizens, who were also called "sand hares" or "sand farmers", because the agricultural yields were always lower than in other municipalities on the Main because of the sandy soil in the municipality. The place has belonged to Bavaria since 1816, as the colors silver and blue indicate. The coat of arms has been in use since July 19, 1960. |
Partnerships
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Villefontaine , France since 1981 -
Budakalász , Hungary since 1998 -
St. Ingbert - Rohrbach , Germany (1968 to 1970)
- Community friendship
Culture and sights
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Buildings
- Baroque Emmerichshofen Palaceon Staatsstrasse 2305 towards Schöllkrippen , built in 1768 by Anselm Franz von Bentzel-Sternau .
- Catholic parish church Sankt Margareta in neo-baroque style made of red sandstone. First mention of a church on this site in 1330.
- Evangelical Kreuzkirche in Bauhaus style.
- Town hall in the center of the town on the B 8: Former customs house, built in 1830 in the classicist style, after 1834 match and cigar factory, then tavern, weather station and school, since 1939 seat of the municipal administration.
- Water tower , built in 1931, town center on the B 8.
- Backes in the old town center: public oven in which bread was baked for almost 300 years until 1937.
- Half-timbered house (former manor), proven before the Thirty Years War ; later residential and guest house. Significantly damaged by improper sewer rehabilitation and currently in gutted condition due to rehabilitation work.
- Sand hare monument on the B 8: Bald symbol of the former sand mining in the region, built in 1952 by Hermann Kröckel. The sand hare is part of the Kahler coat of arms.
- Mills on the Kahl : 11 mills were once in operation on the last 3 km of the Kahlgrund to the mouth of the Main ; the first was mentioned in 1358. Grain, mustard and oil were ground. Sand mills played a role from around 1900. In one of the fulling mills with 15 employees, Nikolaus Wahl put the world's first automatic felting machine into operation in 1904 . At the beginning of the 21st century, only a few buildings, some of which were converted into residential buildings, bear witness to the compressed grinding operation on the Kahl: Obere Fallersmühle, Untere Fallersmühle (roller mill), shepherd's mill, Lohmühle, wet mill . Since the millers often dammed the water too high, there were frequent floods. In the second half of the 16th century there was a dispute about the wet mill in particular ; On June 2, 1573, Kahler farmers, whose crops had been destroyed by the floods, attacked and destroyed this mill. A hiking trail with documentation boards (sand hare symbol) follows the historic mill route.
Architectural monuments
Soil monuments
Parks
- The Kahl Bird Park was founded in 1971. It was a three hectare non-profit aviary and outdoor area for domestic and foreign birds. The bird park was closed on June 30, 2006 with reference to the regulations (compulsory stable etc.) due to the H5N1 bird flu .
Club life
An extensive range of leisure activities by local clubs gives young and old the opportunity to be active in various ways, in church groups, music and singing clubs, sports clubs and aid organizations such as the Kahl Volunteer Fire Brigade and Kahl Red Cross. The Kahl association acts as the umbrella community to which many of the local associations are affiliated.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The Kahl (Main) station is on the Frankfurt Süd – Aschaffenburg railway line . The Kahlgrundbahn (to Schöllkrippen ) also branches off here .
Kahl is approached by bus routes 32 and 50 of the VAB . In addition, the RMV line 566 to Hanau has its end point in Kahl.
Kahl is also conveniently located between Aschaffenburg and Hanau with good transport links to the federal motorway 45 ( Dortmund - Gießen - Aschaffenburg) and the federal motorway 3 ( Frankfurt am Main - Würzburg - Nuremberg - Munich ).
The nearest airport is Frankfurt am Main Airport .
The Kahltal-Spessart cycle path and the Degen path begin in Kahl .
Public institutions / nature
The landscape is characterized by forest and water, which make up about 75 percent of the total area. The quarry ponds of the Kahler Seenplatte with the outdoor swimming pools Waldseebad (former opencast mine Emma-Nord ) and Campingsee ( Freigericht-Ost ) with one of the largest campsites in Bavaria as well as the fishing ponds of the former pits Emma-Süd and the Vorspessartseen with the Nachtweidesee offer opportunities for fishing, boat driving, swimming and surfing. Five hiking trails and a Vitaparcours lead through the Kahler nature with its typical vegetation and sandy flora. Numerous wild medicinal herbs , hogweed , wild carrots and mallows grow on the meadows along the banks of the Main with a small campsite.
The natural monument Hexeneiche , on the state road 3309 west of Kahl in the Großkrotzenburg area, was destroyed by a lightning strike on August 7, 1970. The oak, which was proven in the Thirty Years' War, had to be felled on June 8, 1971. A newly planted oak tree and a memorial stone remind us of the witch hunts in the first half of the 17th century, which killed 69 women and 21 men on the spot.
On public holidays, especially on two consecutive days, the Kahl am Main - Schöllkrippen route is often used for historic steam locomotive trips.
Nuclear power plant and company
Nuclear power plant
Contrary to many assumptions, the Kahl nuclear power plant was not located in the Kahler district, but in the district of the neighboring municipality of Großwelzheim , today a district of Karlstein am Main . Because of the VAK post office, Kahl am Main was registered as the power plant name. The track connection came from the Dettingen station via the Dettingen coal-fired power station, via an unrestricted level crossing (B8) near Langer See, behind today's roundabout, just after the curve. The tracks were dismantled by RWE before they were dismantled.
The experimental nuclear power plant was started with the order for the boiling water reactor in 1958. The 16-megawatt system produced 12.1 billion kilowatt hours of electricity in 25 years of operation. The construction of the plant cost 34 million German marks. The up to 120 employees at peak times were trained on the reactor, among other things. In addition, 361 different fuel assemblies were used for test purposes.
The dismantling of the facility began in 1985. 1400 tons of radioactive waste have been in the Bavarian interim storage facility in Mitterteich since 1998 . The fuel elements were brought to France for processing. In 2010 all the buildings disappeared. You can only see the old fence where z. Z. horses are housed in the pasture.
Companies
About 350 companies have their headquarters in the municipality of Kahl, including Heinrich Kopp (280 employees), Linde Material Handling GmbH (550 employees) and Singulus Technologies (350 employees), three large mechanical engineering and electronics companies Business tax income for all companies is between € 3.3 million and € 9.1 million per year. As a regional trade association, the Gewerbe-Gemeinschaft e. V. Kahl und Umgebung, which organized the “Kahler Spring Market” every year between 1976 and 2011 as a “regional fair on the Untermain”.
The Frankfurt furniture factory Lindheim & Co., founded by Hugo Lindheim , has been located on an area of around 15,000 m² in today's Heide-West industrial park since 1927. In the course of an aryanization process , the Jewish owner had to sell his factory, which was very modern for the time, to the entrepreneur Karl Kübel . which met with resistance within the workforce, who demanded the expropriation of Kübel after the end of the Second World War. The workforce was unable to assert itself with their request, but Kübel paid, as part of a settlement, to Hugo Lindheim's siblings, who were able to escape the Holocaust by emigrating, a compensation of 40,000 DM. Hugo Lindheim himself was able to with his family after the Selling his factory , they emigrate to Mechelen , but they were interned there after the occupation of Belgium by the German Wehrmacht and deported to Auschwitz on January 15, 1943 from the SS assembly camp in Mechelen . In 1962, Karl Kübel sold the Kahler plant, "with a light heart - because of the still unsatisfactory work ethic of this workforce and because of an attractive offer".
education
In Kahl there is a primary school with the Kaldaha elementary school. The next secondary school is in the neighboring Großwelzheim , secondary school and grammar school can be found in Alzenau .
The private, evangelical Paul Gerhardt school is also located in Kahl .
Kahl's sons and daughters
- Matthias Will (* 1947), sculptor
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Greetings from the 1st Mayor Jürgen Seitz. Kahl am Main community, accessed on August 26, 2020 .
- ↑ http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/orte/ortssuche_action.html ? Anzeige=voll&modus=automat&tempus=+20111121/235204&attr=OBJ&val= 1542
- ↑ a b Wolf-Armin von Reitzenstein : Lexicon of Franconian place names. Origin and meaning . Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia, Lower Franconia. CH Beck, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-59131-0 , p. 114 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics
- ^ Entry on the coat of arms of Kahl am Main in the database of the House of Bavarian History
- ↑ http://www.zoo-infos.de/set.html?/zoos/196.html
- ^ FAZ from October 25, 2010, page 37: Nothing to see anymore
- ↑ See: The Aryanization of the Frankfurt furniture factory Lindheim & Co.
- ^ Commemorative book victims of the persecution of Jews under the Nazi tyranny in Germany 1933-1945: Hugo, Mathilde and Lore Lindheim . A digitized version of the transport list of the 18th transport can be viewed on the website of the Kazerne Dossin image database . This database can also be used to call up photos of the members of the Lindheim family, but for Mathilde Lindheim only using the search term 'Bachenheimer'.
- ↑ Karl Kübel Foundation for Children and Family : What can I serve? The entrepreneur and founder Karl Kübel , publishing house of the Karl Kübel Foundation for Child and Family, Bensheim, 2009, ISBN 978-3-9808125-3-5 , p. 106
Alzenau | Bessenbach | Blankenbach | Dammbach | Geiselbach | Glattbach | Goldbach | Großostheim | Haibach | Heigenbrücken | Heimbuchenthal | Heinrichsthal | Hösbach | Johannesberg | Kahl am Main | Karlstein am Main | Small bald | Kleinostheim | Krombach | Laufach | Mainaschaff | Mespelbrunn | Mömbris | Rothenbuch | Sailauf | Schöllkrippen | Summer bald | Stockstadt am Main | Waldaschaff | Weibersbrunn | Western reason | grasslands
Unregulated areas: Forst Hain i.Spessart |
Heinrichsthaler Forst |
Rohrbrunner Forest |
Rothenbuch Forest |
Sailauf Forest |
Schöllkrippen Forest |
Waldaschaffer Forest |
Wiesen forest