Marktschellenberg

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Marktschellenberg market
Marktschellenberg
Map of Germany, position of Marktschellenberg market highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 42 '  N , 13 ° 3'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Upper Bavaria
County : Berchtesgadener Land
Height : 503 m above sea level NHN
Area : 17.66 km 2
Residents: 1757 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 99 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 83487, 83471
Area code : 08650
License plate : BGL, BGD, LF , REI
Community key : 09 1 72 124
LOCODE : DE MQG

Market administration address : 		Salzburger Strasse 2
83487 Marktschellenberg
Website : www.marktschellenberg.de
Mayor : Michael Ernst (list of citizens)
Location of the Marktschellenberg market in the Berchtesgadener Land district
Berchtesgaden Eck (gemeindefreies Gebiet) Schneizlreuth Schellenberger Forst Ainring Anger (Berchtesgadener Land) Bad Reichenhall Bayerisch Gmain Berchtesgaden Bischofswiesen Freilassing Laufen (Salzach) Marktschellenberg Piding Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden Saaldorf-Surheim Schneizlreuth Schönau am Königssee Teisendorf Landkreis Traunstein Österreichmap
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Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / market

Marktschellenberg is a market in the district of Berchtesgadener Land in the extreme southeast of the Bavarian administrative district of Upper Bavaria . The district town and the next larger city is Bad Reichenhall , the next major city within Germany is Munich .

geography

Geographical location

Marktschellenberg is part of the high alpine region of Berchtesgadener Land in the south of the Berchtesgadener Land district . Together with the neighboring communities of Berchtesgaden , Bischofswiesen , Ramsau bei Berchtesgaden and Schönau am Königssee , Marktschellenberg lies within the geomorphological unit of the Berchtesgaden valley basin and is almost completely surrounded by the Berchtesgaden Alps , whose mountain ranges in turn extend to the east, south and south-west into the Austrian state of Salzburg . In the west of the Untersberg as well as in the east of the Hohe Götschen and the Barmsteine , the last section of the river of the previously called Berchtesgadener Ache runs through Marktschellenberg to the German-Austrian border .

Neighboring communities

On the German side, the neighboring community of Berchtesgaden to the south and the community-free area Schellenberger Forst such as Marktschellenberg itself to the north belong to the district of Berchtesgadener Land . East of Marktschellenberg there are three German-Austrian border crossings in the direction of Salzburg and the Austrian villages of Bad Dürrnberg (Hallein municipality), Grödig (via Hangendensteinpass ) and Hallein (via Zillwirt ) , located directly behind the state and municipal border in Tennengau in Salzburg .

Districts

In 1911 two renaming took place: Schellenberg Markt became Marktschellenberg ; from Schellenberg Country was Country Schellenberg . On March 1, 1911, Ettenberg was incorporated into the Landschellenberg community. On October 1, 1969, Marktschellenberg, Landschellenberg and Scheffau were merged to form the new community "Marktschellenberg". The former communities form districts , the districts of which are in turn also referred to as Gnotschaften . The only exception here is Scheffau as the former capital of the former municipality of the same name.

Districts and communities of the community of Marktschellenberg
Markings Districts Art Remarks
Marktschellenberg Marktschellenberg main place the new community with "town houses"
formerly the seat of the " Hallinger " of the
prince provost of Berchtesgaden
Landschellenberg Ettenberg
( Hinter - and Vorderettenberg )		 Gnotschaft Independent municipality until 1969
Götschen Gnotschaft
damage Gnotschaft
Snow fields Gnotschaft
Understone Gnotschaft
Scheffau Flour way to reboiling Independent municipality until 1969
Reboiling Gnotschaft
Oberstein Gnotschaft
Scheffau former main town

history

Second capital of the monastery and prince-provincial office

Marktschellenberg, early 20th century

Marktschellenberg was after Berchtesgaden (the place of foundation and seat of the monastery) the second capital of the Berchtesgadener Land . From 1155 onwards, the area of ​​the Berchtesgadener Land corresponded to the heartland of the Berchtesgaden monastery, which in 1380 had been elevated to the status of the Imperial Prelature of Berchtesgaden and in 1559 to the imperial provost of Berchtesgaden . Mentioned for the first time in 1191, the place "schellenberch" is documented in writing for the first time in 1211.

In addition to Berchtesgaden, Schellenberg also became the site of a saltworks that was in operation until 1805. After a salt office was established in Schellenberg in 1292, which was initially run by laypeople or a “ Hallinger ” ( salinarius ), the place soon received market rights , albeit probably only to a very limited extent. A first princely named market judge, who was only entitled to " lower jurisdiction ", can only be proven for 1334 and then mostly also co-administered the office of Hallinger. The first “Hallingers” were still lay people, but by the end of the Middle Ages this salt office had established itself as the most important administrative post of the monastery or collegiate monastery and was filled from among their Augustinian canons . → See also the section on this paragraph: History in Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden

In the 16th century, local salt and wood traders spread Reformation thoughts and writings that they obtained on their travels to the Protestant cities of Augsburg , Nuremberg and Regensburg . An important nucleus of Protestantism was formed by Dürrnberg, which is neighboring in Salzburg . Here miners from the Berchtesgadener Land from the gnotships Au and Scheffau (today a district of Marktschellenberg) met immigrated miners from Lutheran Saxony and were very open to their religious instruction and offers for edification. While persecutions had already started in the diocese of Salzburg at the beginning of the Reformation under Archbishop Matthäus Lang (1468–1540), the prince provosty had apparently escaped these developments on their territory for a long time. But even the first expulsion of Protestants from the Dürrnberg, initiated by Provost Jakob Pütrich in 1572, as well as the “visitations”, which were often followed by fines for possession of Lutheran writings, could no longer stop the spread of the new teaching. Schellenberg was one of the first places in the Berchtesgadener Land in which she found her followers , along with the gnotes Au, Gern and Scheffau. But on April 22nd, 1733 the Protestants were expelled from the prince provostie of Berchtesgaden. 800 Auer, Scheffauer and “Gerer” had to set out by ship via Hallein to Regensburg and from there to walk to the cities and communities of Kurhannover .
→ See also sections on this paragraph: Reformation and Counter-Reformation, expulsions and emigration in the prince provost of Berchtesgaden

Secularization, connection to Bavaria

After the secularization of 1803, the Berchtesgadener Land lost its political independence as a prince provost , which was followed by three changes of rule in quick succession. In 1810 the Berchtesgadener Land was finally annexed to the Kingdom of Bavaria and the municipalities of Schellenberg Markt , Schellenberg Land , Ettenberg and Scheffau emerged from the main town of Schellenberg and the Gnotships Ettenberg and Scheffau . Even after being merged into the community of Marktschellenberg, the Gnotschaft districts of the aforementioned former Gnotships are still called “Gnotships” to this day. → See also the section on this paragraph: After the secularization in the Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden

With the integration into the Kingdom of Bavaria under the direct jurisdiction of the Berchtesgaden District Court , these municipalities of the Berchtesgadener Land were now also assigned to the Salzach district and from 1817 part of the newly created Isar district , which has been called Upper Bavaria since 1838 . In 1868 the administrative district of Upper Bavaria was subdivided and the still separate Schellenberg communities were incorporated into the Berchtesgaden district office .

The end of salt production and the shutdown of the saltworks in 1805 meant an economic turning point for the Schellenberg communities, which could only be overcome with the advent of tourism. In 1898 a gymnastics club was founded in Schellenberg.

  • Saline Schellenberg around 1900 or earlier, demolished in 1906

In 1911 two municipalities were renamed: Schellenberg Markt became Marktschellenberg ; from Schellenberg Country was Country Schellenberg . On March 1st of the same year Ettenberg was incorporated into the municipality of Landschellenberg .

time of the nationalsocialism

The district office responsible for the place Berchtesgaden was renamed in 1939 in the district of Berchtesgaden with the same area of ​​responsibility.

post war period

On October 1, 1969, Marktschellenberg, Landschellenberg and Scheffau were merged to form the new municipality of Marktschellenberg.

Since September 1, 2012, the Roman Catholic parishes of St. Andreas Berchtesgaden , Holy Family Au and St. Nikolaus Marktschellenberg have been merged into a parish association.

Population development

Between 1988 and 2018 the market grew from 1,726 to 1,776 by 50 inhabitants or 2.9%.

Geographical and socio-cultural assignments

Marktschellenberg lies within the Berchtesgadener Land region surrounded by the Berchtesgaden Alps . From 1155 almost congruent with the heartland of the monastery monastery Berchtesgaden, which became more and more independent over the centuries and was finally elevated to the imperial provost of Berchtesgaden from 1559 to 1803 , this region is still today culturally and socio-culturally bordered by neighboring Chiemgau and within the same district Berchtesgaden from the former Duke of Bavaria Bad Reichenhall and the once the Archbishopric of Salzburg belonging Rupertiwinkel from. Thus, for Marktschellenberg responsible community associations and regional authorities such as the former district of Berchtesgaden and the current district of Berchtesgadener Land as well as the associated communities go far beyond the socio-cultural conceptual unit "Berchtesgadener Land".

In relation to the region Berchtesgaden include. a. the Schellenberg Christmas shooting clubs are also members of the United Christmas shooting clubs of the Berchtesgadener Land, founded in 1925 .

religion

According to the last census from 2011, 1,314 of the 1,730 inhabitants in Marktschellenberg at that time were Roman Catholic (a decrease of 13.2% from 1987) and 144 were Protestant (a decrease of 2.0% from 1987), the religious affiliation of the remaining 272 inhabitants was not broken down. So far, in addition to “Roman Catholic” and “Evangelical Lutheran”, only the number of “foreigners” is given in the statistics of the censuses - here with 161 (an increase of 101.3% compared to 1987) of the 272 inhabitants, which are not specifically broken down . (→ see also the sections that restrict or criticize the information provided in this regard in the 2011 census : Household survey , questions on religion and scientific control .)

The Roman Catholic parish includes the parish church of St. Nicholas and the pilgrimage church of the Visitation (Ettenberg) as a subsidiary church, as well as the parish church of the Holy Family and the Franziskuskirche as part of the parish Holy Family in the Berchtesgaden district of Au to the parish association Marktschellenberg in Marktschellenberg. Since September 2012, a merger of the Roman Catholic parishes of St. Andreas Berchtesgaden , Holy Family Berchtesgadener district Au and St. Nikolaus Marktschellenberg is planned to form a parish association.

In Marktschellenberg there is neither a Protestant parish nor a church building used by Protestant Christians. The closest Protestant church is the Christ Church as the main church of the Evangelical Lutheran parish in Berchtesgaden .

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council is composed as follows for the 2020-2026 session:

Factions Seats
Citizens' list Marktschellenberg, Scheffau, Landschellenberg, Ettenberg (BL) 4th
Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) 3
Free Association of Voters (FWG) 2
Rural voter community (LWG) 2
Alliance 90 / The Greens (GREENS) 1

mayor

Franz Halmich (FWG) was voted out of office after two terms (2010-2020), his successor in the office of mayor became the administrative specialist Michael Ernst (BL) without a runoff after the first ballot.

Constituencies

Marktschellenberg is part of the Traunstein constituency and the Berchtesgadener Land constituency for state and district elections.

coat of arms

Marktschellenberg has had a coat of arms since the 19th century. The municipality has had the current coat of arms since 1964 on the basis of a resolution by the municipal council and with the consent of the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior. Evidence of this is a ministerial resolution of March 12, 1964.

Coat of arms of Marktschellenberg
 Blazon : “In blue a silver salt vat with a six-pointed blue star in front of a crossed connecting and loosening key . The golden key points to the right. "
Justification for the coat of arms: The crossed keys as an attribute of Simon Petrus refer to the patron saint of the monastery monastery and later prince provostship of Berchtesgaden as sovereign until 1803. The salt purchase refers to the economically important salt production for the community up to 1805 for centuries. The blue star comes from the coat of arms of the Lords of Gutrat , who exercised high jurisdiction in the 13th century as Salzburg ministers. The dominant colors silver and blue symbolize the Bavarian national colors.

Culture and sights

Sacred building

The pilgrimage church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary on a high plateau in Ettenberg was built between 1723 and 1727.

The parish church of St. Nicholas with the patron saint of salt boaters was built in 1521 and rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style in 1870/71 after it was dilapidated. The tower from 1521 was preserved.

Profane building

natural beauties

Cultural traditions

  • Schellenberger Kirchtag, annual fair on the weekend after July 4th ( Ulrichstag )
  • Schellenberger Christmas shooters
  • Farmers market

Economy and Infrastructure

tourism

The municipality is represented with a seat and a vote in the Tourist Region Berchtesgaden-Königssee Association.

Established businesses

  • psm protech GmbH & Co. KG (precision mechanics)

traffic

In terms of traffic, Marktschellenberg can only be reached by car or RVO bus. Although the place was connected to the railway network from 1907 by the Berchtesgaden – Hangender Stein local railway, this was shut down in 1938 due to a so-called “ Führer's order ”.

The federal highway 305 , which connects Berchtesgaden with Salzburg , runs through Marktschellenberg . North of the village was located on the B 305 until the abolition of border controls the border crossing Hangendenstein .

Personalities

Sons and daughters

Honorary citizen

  • Ludwig Bogner, former mayor
  • Anton Gadringer, former mayor
  • Stefan Imhof (1870–1963), Chief Medical Officer and Mayor of Marktschellenberg (1899–1914) and later of Berchtesgaden (1946–1960), received several awards as the oldest incumbent mayor in the Federal Republic of Germany
  • Alfons Kandler, former mayor, awarded the Federal Cross of Merit 1st class in 2009
  • Benno Utzmeier, pastor

Prominent citizens

  • Hans Conrad Fischer (* 1926), director and film producer, the power station in Marktschellenberg is still part of the family's property
  • Andreas Graitl (* 1984), former luge rider, lives in Marktschellenberg.
  • Herbert Gruhl , environmental politician ( CDU , Greens , ÖDP ) and author, spent the last years of his life in Marktschellenberg
  • Steffen Rothacker (* 1987), former German skeleton athlete, lives in Marktschellenberg.
  • Monika Springl (* 1987) is a ski racer and grew up in Marktschellenberg.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Markt Berchtesgaden - land use plan with landscape planning , Chapter: 2.6 Landscape as a protected asset ; Environmental reports from March 6, 2014 to March 6, 2016, PDF file p. 16 of 48 pages, online at gemeinde.berchtesgaden.de
  3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 4734 .
  4. ↑ Marktschellenberg: Community → History. Accessed on July 9, 2011.
  5. ↑ geschichte.digitale-sammlungen.de Historical Atlas of Bavaria - Out of print volumes; Volume: Altbayern Series I, Issue 7: Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden . Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1954. p. 31
  6. ^ Books.google.com Walter Brugger, Heinz Dopsch, Peter F. Kramml: History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594) . Plenk, 1991. p. 919
  7. ^ Books.google.com Walter Brugger, Heinz Dopsch, Peter F. Kramml: History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594) . Plenk, 1991. p. 711
  8. ↑ a b berchtesgaden-evangelisch.de Alfred Spiegel-Schmidt: Reformation and emigration in the Berchtesgadener Land. Text on the emigration of Protestants from the prince-provost of Berchtesgaden.
  9. ↑ a b Manfred Feulner: Berchtesgaden - history of the country and its inhabitants. See chap. The eviction of the Protestants from Berchtesgaden. Pp. 168-169
  10. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 2, from p. 131 f.
  11. ↑ The residents of Gern , since 1953 Maria Gern , were and are called "Gerer" in the local dialect .
  12. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 3, from p. 68 f.
  13. ↑ Joseph Ernst von Koch-Sternfeld: History of the Principality of Berchtesgaden and its salt works . Volume 3, from p. 121 f.
  14. ↑ Hellmut Schöner (ed.), A. Helm : Berchtesgaden in the course of time. Reprint from 1929. Association for local history d. Berchtesgadener Landes. Berchtesgadener Anzeiger and Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1973, p. 362
  15. ↑ NN: Church in the Berchtesgadener Land in transition Report from August 9, 2012 in the Berchtesgadener Anzeiger
  16. ↑ Berchtesgadener Land Tourismus GmbH: The history of the district of Berchtesgadener Land ( memento of July 13, 2016 in the Internet Archive ): “The 'district of Berchtesgadener Land' forms a unity both historically, culturally and economically; all three parts - the actual 'Berchtesgadener Land' (in the narrower sense of the former sovereignty of the prince-provost of Berchtesgaden), the city of Bad Reichenhall and the land around Laufen - stood in the early Middle Ages over the centuries until the beginning of the 19th century Tension between the Archdiocese of Salzburg and the Duchy of Bavaria, who both claimed the richness of salt in the area. ” - online at berchtesgadener-land.com
  17. ↑ Ditto: Use of the term Berchtesgadener Land - “The Berchtesgadener Land (let's not let the irritating district name in the course of the territorial reform unsettle us!) Is the designation of the territory of the former bishopric of Berchtesgaden. The extent of the territory must therefore be determined exactly. ”- Günter Kampfhammer: Territory names in Bavaria p. 621; Dieter in Harmening, Erich Wimmer, Wolfgang Brückner (ed.): folk culture, history, Region: Festschrift for Wolfgang Brückner 60th . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1992.
  18. ↑ www. prangerschuetzen.de : The Rupertiwinkel
  19. ↑ Hellmut Beautiful (Ed.): Berchtesgaden through the ages - Supplement IS 18
    The Berchtesgaden according Beautiful in includes "its historical borders Schellenberg to Hallthurm , Schwarzenbach forest and Hirschbichl " or analogous to the Berchtesgaden valley only the southern part of the district with the communities Berchtesgaden , Bischofswiesen , Berchtesgaden , Marktschellenberg Ramsau near Berchtesgaden , which together, at that time split into smaller units Gnotschaften , the heartland of the first of Stiftspröpsten and last of Fürstpröpsten ruled Berchtesgaden country or Berchtesgaden country formed.
  20. ↑ Christmas Schuetzenverein-ramsau.de To the story
  21. ↑ Marktschellenberg: Official statistics of the LfStat p. 6 of 29 PDF pages
  22. ↑ Walter Brugger (ed.) Among others: History of Berchtesgaden. Volume III / 1, 1999, p. 246.
  23. ↑ erzbistum-muenchen.de ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. To the parish association Marktschellenberg . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.erzbistum-muenchen.de
  24. ^ The Catholic Church in the Berchtesgaden valley basin ; online at stiftskirche-berchtesgaden.de
  25. ↑ NN: Church in the Berchtesgadener Land in transition Report from August 9, 2012 in the Berchtesgadener Anzeiger
  26. ↑ Announcement of the final result of the election of the municipal council on March 15 , 2020 ; PDF file, online at marktschellenberg.de
  27. ↑ Announcement of the final result of the election of the first mayor on March 15 , 2020 , PDF file, online at marktschellenberg.de
  28. ↑ a b c hbgd.de On the meaning and origin of the Berchtesgaden coat of arms House of Bavarian History
  29. ↑ Free time - what is it? , Report from August 7, 2009 on the award of Alfons Kandler with the Federal Cross of Merit 1st Class, online at bgland24.de
  30. ↑ volker-kempf.de ( Memento of the original from February 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Quotation of a press article in the Berchtesgadener Anzeiger from January 24th, 2000 on the foundation of the Herbert Gruhl Society with reference to Herbert Gruhl's stay in Marktschellenberg. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.volker-kempf.de

Web links

Commons : Marktschellenberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files