Presidential election in Turkey 2018

Presidential election in Turkey 2018
Candidates			percent
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan			52.6%
Muharrem Ince			30.6%
Selahattin Demirtaş			8.4%
Meral Akşener			7.3%
Other			1.1%
Distribution of votes in percent

Majorities by provinces: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Muharrem İnce Selahattin Demirtaş

The 2018 presidential election in Turkey took place on June 24 of that year, at the same time as the parliamentary election on the same day . With it, the constitutional amendments, which were legally approved in the 2017 referendum , came into force. Thus, the winner of the election became both head of state and head of government with great powers, which also eliminated the office of prime minister in Turkey .

Electoral process

A two-round system was used. If none of the candidates could achieve at least 50% + 1 vote in the first round, the president would be elected in a runoff two weeks later.

Any Turkish citizen who has the right to stand as a candidate for election, has reached the age of 40 and has completed a university education (Art. 101, Paragraph 1 of the Constitution, Art. 6 of the Presidential Election Act) could be elected. A candidate was nominated in accordance with Article 101, Paragraph 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution, Article 7, Paragraph 1 of the Presidential Election Act through a written proposal from at least 20 members of parliament. In addition, parties that achieved at least 10 percent of the vote in the last parliamentary election could determine a joint candidate (Art. 101, Paragraph 3, Clause 2 of the Constitution, Art. 7, Paragraph 2 of the Presidential Election Act). Independent candidates or candidates whose party did not meet these requirements required 100,000 notarized signatures from persons entitled to vote. Akşener , Karamollaoğlu and Perinçek received their candidacy in this way (in the designated period from May 4 to May 7, 2018). The Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the right-wing extremist Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) founded the People's Alliance . The Republican People's Party (CHP), İYİ Parti , the Happiness Party ( SP) and the Democratic Party (DP) founded the electoral alliance Alliance of the Nation .

Candidates


Candidates (in the same (drawn) order as on the ballot papers)


Muharrem Ince	Meral Akşener	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	Selahattin Demirtaş	Karamollaoğlu Temple	Dogu Perinçek
Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi	İyi Parti Democrat Parti Dogru Yol Partisi	Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi Buyuk Birlik Partisi Hür Dava Partisi Anavatan Partisi	Halkların Democracy Partisi Democracy Bölgeler Partisi Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi Emek Partisi Ezilenlerin Sosyalist Partisi	Saadet Partisi	Vatan Partisi Hak ve Eşitlik Partisi

Results

ballot papers prepared for the election

Result of the 2018 presidential election in Turkey
Political party		be right		Highest percentage	province
Political party		number	%	Highest percentage	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	26,330,823	52.59	Bayburt	82.10
	Muharrem Ince	15,340,321	30.64	Kırklareli , Tunceli (province)	58.44-58.8
	Selahattin Demirtaş	4,205,794	8.40	Şırnak	72.06
	Meral Akşener	3,649,030	7.29	Burdur	15.76
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	443.704	0.89	Bayburt	2.53
	Dogu Perinçek	98,955	0.20	Sinop	0.40
total		51.183.729	100.00
Valid votes		50.130.419
Invalid votes		1,129,275	2.07
voter turnout		51.188.524	86.25
Registered voters		59,354,840
Source: Haberturk.com

Results by provinces
province	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%	number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan		Muharrem Ince		Meral Akşener		Selahattin Demirtaş		Karamollaoğlu Temple		Dogu Perinçek
Adana (01)	567,512	44.13	460,757	35.83	125,982	9.80	119,519	9.29	9,800	0.76	2,324	0.18
Adiyaman (02)	226,951	67.41	68,856	20.45	11,493	3.41	24,949	7.41	3,906	1.16	529	0.16
Afyonkarahisar (03)	303.088	68.04	84.026	18.86	51,951	11.66	1,589	0.36	3,878	0.87	929	0.21
Agri (04)	71,421	31.75	11,296	5.02	2,571	1.14	137,829	61.28	1,561	0.69	253	0.11
Amasya (05)	126.075	57.46	67,894	30.94	22,279	10.15	842	0.38	1.936	0.88	382	0.17
Ankara (06)	1,767,016	51.52	1,242,566	36.23	310.123	9.04	70,750	2.06	32,291	0.94	7.108	0.21
Antalya (07)	616.020	42.82	558.046	38.79	193.972	13.48	58,956	4.10	8,581	0.60	3,018	0.21
Artvin (08)	53,766	48.16	46.105	41.30	9,539	8.54	840	0.75	1,090	0.98	304	0.27
Aydın (09)	268,628	37.97	312,871	44.23	79,685	11.26	40,882	5.78	3.138	0.44	2,194	0.31
Balikesir (10)	397,404	47.39	331,631	39.55	86,912	10.36	14,139	1.69	6,304	0.75	2,206	0.26
Bilecik (11)	70,311	51.39	43,909	32.09	18,075	13.21	2,877	2.10	1,315	0.96	328	0.24
Bing Oil (12)	93,965	66.69	9,726	6.90	2,462	1.75	33,066	23.47	1,473	1.05	211	0.15
Bitlis (13)	80,462	50.24	10,056	6.28	3,676	2.30	64.097	40.02	1,645	1.03	224	0.14
Bolu (14)	128.314	65.89	45.393	23.31	16,616	8.53	1,585	0.81	2,367	1.22	459	0.24
Burdur (15)	92,177	54.01	47,812	28.01	26,899	15.76	1,176	0.69	2,071	1.21	547	0.32
Bursa (16)	1,050,302	55.55	595.074	31.47	155,568	8.23	66.025	3.49	19,978	1.06	3,919	0.21
Canakkale (17)	152.222	41.93	158,944	43.79	43.208	11.90	6,045	1.67	1,573	0.43	1.011	0.28
Çankırı (18)	87,457	76.34	14,153	12.35	11,342	9.90	274	0.24	1,132	0.99	209	0.18
Çorum (19)	223.185	64.56	91,732	26.54	25,521	7.38	1,629	0.47	2,989	0.86	639	0.18
Denizli (20)	317,608	47.82	235.101	35.40	91,808	13.82	14,243	2.14	3,645	0.55	1,731	0.26
Diyarbakır (21)	227,456	27.39	51,274	6.17	8,424	1.01	534.282	64.34	8,028	0.97	1.003	0.12
Edirne (22)	84.216	31.40	149.229	55.64	27,817	10.37	4,493	1.68	1,716	0.64	720	0.27
Elazığ (23)	237.733	70.04	52,834	15.57	21,279	6.27	21,861	6.44	5,331	1.57	391	0.12
Erzincan (24)	86,673	60.60	45.006	31.47	7,913	5.53	1,803	1.26	1,415	0.99	204	0.14
Erzurum (25)	303.903	72.31	41,516	9.88	27,853	6.63	40,567	9.65	5,971	1.42	494	0.12
Eskisehir (26)	262.192	46.48	231,691	41.07	54,571	9.67	9,914	1.76	4,427	0.78	1,290	0.23
Gaziantep (27)	649.876	63.93	221.240	21.76	54,228	5.33	80,348	7.90	8,969	0.88	1,951	0.19
Giresun (28)	181.383	64.42	72.183	25.64	23,729	8.43	760	0.27	2,840	1.01	654	0.23
Gumushane (29)	60,421	77.07	10,049	12.82	6,291	8.02	259	0.33	1,266	1.61	109	0.14
Hakkari (30)	31,010	22.79	6,589	4.84	1,414	1.04	96,357	70.82	566	0.42	124	0.09
Hatay (31)	441.079	48.54	388,608	42.76	51,252	5.64	21,000	2.31	5,452	0.60	1,349	0.15
Isparta (32)	158.994	58.75	65,928	24.36	40.013	14.78	2,048	0.76	2,961	1.09	693	0.26
Mersin (33)	417.494	37.93	412.055	37.44	133,268	12.11	130,648	11.87	5,120	0.47	2,106	0.19
İstanbul (34)	4,578,454	50.00	3,378,021	36.89	435,558	4.76	661.761	7.23	86,147	0.94	16,861	0.18
İzmir (35)	930.925	32.92	1,527,269	54.01	178.186	6.30	170,574	6.03	12,987	0.46	8,055	0.28
Kars (36)	63.139	44.14	32,027	22.39	7,979	5.58	38,910	27.20	748	0.52	252	0.18
Kastamonu (37)	165.469	68.95	47,562	19.82	23,614	9.84	783	0.33	1,815	0.76	734	0.31
Kayseri (38)	594,346	70.31	157.336	18.61	75,921	8.98	6,875	0.81	9,587	1.13	1,257	0.15
Kırklareli (39)	72,088	29.84	141.190	58.44	23,507	9.73	3,382	1.40	823	0.34	612	0.25
Kırşehir (40)	77,548	55.67	39,413	28.29	17.102	12.28	3.831	2.75	1,151	0.83	257	0.18
Kocaeli (41)	690.874	58.83	329.497	28.06	84.110	7.16	50,919	4.34	17,152	1.46	1,896	0.16
Konya (42)	971.856	74.22	179.032	13.67	107.905	8.24	29,726	2.27	18,931	1.45	2,018	0.15
Kutahya (43)	268,432	71.49	62.124	16.55	38.019	10.13	1,210	0.32	4,950	1.32	742	0.20
Malatya (44)	330.249	69.19	109,528	22.95	20,958	4.39	10,504	2.20	5,481	1.15	553	0.12
Manisa (45)	451.120	48.61	321.479	34.64	102,450	11.04	45.137	4.86	5,678	0.61	2,232	0.24
Kahramanmaras (46)	479.723	74.18	96,601	14.94	54,805	8.47	7,640	1.18	6,984	1.08	929	0.14
Mardin (47)	133,375	34.41	20,825	5.37	3,106	0.80	227,572	58.71	2,499	0.64	244	0.06
Mugla (48)	202.037	32.14	330.712	52.60	74,226	11.81	17,589	2.80	2,088	0.33	2,041	0.32
Mus (49)	70,612	38.44	10,939	5.95	2,705	1.47	97,855	53.27	1,384	0.75	210	0.11
Nevşehir (50)	125,450	68.07	40.002	21.71	15,649	8.49	954	0.52	1,856	1.01	376	0.20
Niğde (51)	126,270	61.61	51,373	25.06	23,419	11.43	1,254	0.61	2,073	1.01	574	0.28
Ordu (52)	304,536	65.13	121,361	25.96	35,402	7.57	1,419	0.30	3,670	0.78	1,183	0.25
Rize (53)	167.216	76.92	36,171	16.64	10.199	4.69	649	0.30	2,784	1.28	373	0.17
Sakarya (54)	439,587	70.55	120.124	19.28	44,480	7.14	9,229	1.48	8,705	1.40	995	0.16
Samsun (55)	549,589	66.57	190,400	23.06	73.231	8.87	2,412	0.29	8,236	1.00	1,652	0.20
Siirt (56)	62,878	42.80	8,242	5.61	2,083	1.42	72,324	49.23	1,239	0.84	150	0.10
Sinop (57)	82,374	61.18	38,423	28.54	11,539	8.57	639	0.47	1,125	0.84	533	0.40
Sivas (58)	284,793	72.26	77,939	19.77	24,127	6.12	1.310	0.33	5,420	1.38	542	0.14
Tekirdag (59)	260.045	40.31	304,474	47.20	48,602	7.53	27,588	4.28	3,021	0.47	1,348	0.21
Tokat (60)	240,436	64.57	94,319	25.33	31,891	8.56	1,274	0.34	3,836	1.03	628	0.17
Trabzon (61)	344.414	69.36	103,622	20.87	37,790	7.61	1,465	0.30	8,322	1.68	975	0.20
Tunceli (62)	10.117	18.67	31,478	58.08	970	1.79	11,455	21.14	95	0.18	80	0.15
Sanliurfa (63)	547,695	64.77	68,984	8.16	11,577	1.37	209.133	24.73	7,217	0.85	1,013	0.12
Usak (64)	121.110	51.52	82,223	34.98	26,025	11.07	3,029	1.29	2.147	0.91	552	0.23
Van (65)	181,858	35.43	23,260	4.53	4,767	0.93	299,653	58.38	3,177	0.62	541	0.11
Yozgat (66)	188.028	75.49	36,701	14.74	20,743	8.33	798	0.32	2,430	0.98	365	0.15
Zonguldak (67)	208,643	55.18	135.275	35.77	26,595	7.03	1.915	0.51	4,507	1.19	1,209	0.32
Aksaray (68)	171,782	76.19	31,992	14.19	18.302	8.12	1,358	0.60	1,701	0.75	319	0.14
Bayburt (69)	38,826	82.10	4.166	8.81	2,892	6.12	150	0.32	1,198	2.53	61	0.13
Karaman (70)	100,977	66.26	30.114	19.76	18,147	11.91	902	0.59	1,891	1.24	368	0.24
Kırıkkale (71)	110.063	64.96	36,789	21.71	19,705	11.63	728	0.43	1,821	1.07	326	0.19
Batman (72)	89,315	31.44	11,747	4.13	2,041	0.72	177.821	62.59	2,894	1.02	284	0.10
Şırnak (73)	48.199	21.21	11,149	4.91	3,101	1.36	163,797	72.06	872	0.38	175	0.08
Bartın (74)	74.091	60.51	36,979	30.20	8,340	6.81	693	0.57	1,903	1.55	448	0.37
Ardahan (75)	23,917	42.33	20,790	36.79	2,446	4.33	8,830	15.63	374	0.66	147	0.26
Iğdır (76)	27,237	30.02	16,182	17.84	5,839	6.44	40,928	45.11	407	0.45	132	0.15
Yalova (77)	76,570	50.37	59,070	38.86	7,269	4.78	7,442	4.90	1,416	0.93	257	0.17
Karabuk (78)	97,688	65.44	34,662	23.22	13,836	9.27	688	0.46	1,967	1.32	432	0.29
Kilis (79)	51,365	70.09	13,920	18.99	6.319	8.62	890	1.21	626	0.85	169	0.23
Osmaniye (80)	188,896	62.98	67.034	22.35	34,495	11.50	6,550	2.18	2,333	0.78	616	0.21
Düzce (81)	173.916	73.07	43,990	18.48	14,678	6.17	2,245	0.94	2,603	1.09	594	0.25

Results by region

Mediterranean region
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	2,961,895	48.4
	Muharrem Ince	2,096,841	34.3
	Meral Akşener	660.686	10.8
	Selahattin Demirtaş	347,537	5.7
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	43,302	0.7
	Dogu Perinçek	11,582	0.2

Marmara region
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	7,872,073	50.8
	Muharrem Ince	5,611,163	36.2
	Meral Akşener	975.106	6.3
	Selahattin Demirtaş	853,900	5.5
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	148,150	1.0
	Dogu Perinçek	30,153	0.2

Aegean region
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Muharrem Ince	2,955,805	43.4
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	2,862,948	42.0
	Meral Akşener	642,350	9.4
	Selahattin Demirtaş	294.253	4.3
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	38,511	0.6
	Dogu Perinçek	18,476	0.3

Central Anatolia
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	4,867,778	61.0
	Muharrem Ince	2.169.101	27.2
	Meral Akşener	717.056	9.0
	Selahattin Demirtaş	128,674	1.6
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	84,711	1.1
	Dogu Perinçek	15.009	0.2

Black Sea Region
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	3,220,342	65.4
	Muharrem Ince	1,220,286	24.8
	Meral Akşener	393,982	8.0
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	54,454	1.1
	Selahattin Demirtaş	20,247	0.4
	Dogu Perinçek	11,369	0.2

Eastern Anatolia
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	1,612,296	52.3
	Selahattin Demirtaş	903.715	29.3
	Muharrem Ince	421.227	13.7
	Meral Akşener	112,832	3.7
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	29,628	1.0
	Dogu Perinçek	3.816	0.1

Southeast Anatolia
Political party		be right
Political party		number	%
	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	2,037,110	49.1
	Selahattin Demirtaş	1,491,116	35.9
	Muharrem Ince	476.237	11.5
	Meral Akşener	102,372	2.5
	Karamollaoğlu Temple	36,250	0.9
	Dogu Perinçek	5,518	0.1

Survey

First round

Surveys since 2018 (in%)
Period / Date	Institute	Respondents	Erdoğan	İnce	Akşener	Demirtaş	Karamollaoğlu	Perinçek	Others
Period / Date	Institute	Respondents
June 14, 2018	Legal ban on further polls (ten days before the election) comes into force
June 6th to 13th, 2018	REMRES	5,674	43.6	29.5	12.3	11.4	3.0	0.2	-
June 13, 2018	AKAM	2,460	44.5	29.0	14.5	9.3	2.5	0.2	-
June 1 to June 6, 2018	MAK	5,400	51.5	24.4	12.5	8.5	2.2	0.6	-
May 28 to June 3, 2018	REMRES	4,482	41.7	26.1	16.7	11.4	3.9	0.2	-
May 29th to June 3rd, 2018	sonar	3,000	48.3	31.4	9.5	8.2	2.1	0.5	-
May 22nd to 31st, 2018	argetus	3,360	50.1	25.2	12.2	11.1	1.2	0.2	-
May 1st to 28th, 2018	Consensus	2,000	47.9	26.8	14.8	9.7	0.7	0.1	-
May 25-26, 2018	Gezici	6,811	48.7	25.8	14.4	10.1	0.6	0.4	-
May 22-23, 2018	Mediar	4,268	43.5	22.2	19.3	12.8	1.6	0.6	-
May 17-23, 2018	REMRES	4,276	42.2	24.6	16.9	12.3	3.8	0.2	-
May 7th to 17th, 2018	sonar	3,000	42.0	21.9	21.0	11.0	2.1	2.0	-
May 6th to 9th, 2018	REMRES	3,653	42.1	24.1	17.1	12.6	3.9	0.1	-
May 6, 2018	Temel Karamollaoğlu wins 100,000 signatures
4th May 2018	Muharrem Ince is nominated by the CHP
2nd May 2018	REMRES	2,586	41.2	21.7	20.6	12.5	3.9	-	0.1
1st May 2018	PİAR	2,460	41.1	20.2	24.6	11.4	2.5	-	0.2
April 26-29, 2018	Mediar Analiz	2,660	42.1	20.1	19.7	13.4	3.1	-	1.6
April 25, 2018	Selahattin Demirtaş is nominated by the HDP
February 4th to 14th, 2018	PİAR	2,440	43.2	24.0	18.2	13.1	-	-	1.5
January 14, 2018	SONAR	3,000	46.4	22.5	18.2	9.5	-	-	3.4

Surveys among Turkish citizens abroad


Period / Date	Institute	Respondents	country	Erdoğan	İnce	Akşener	Demirtaş	Karamollaoğlu	Perinçek
Period / Date	Institute	Respondents	country
June 1st to 5th, 2018	TAVAK	1,184	Germany Germany	48.2	28.7	9.2	10.2	2.8	0.9

Web links

Commons : Presidential Election and Parliamentary Election in Turkey 2018 - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ 4'lü ittifak'ta 4 isim tartışılıyor - Nergis Demirkaya . ( com.tr [accessed on May 4, 2018]).
↑ YSK'da kura çekimleri yapıldı! Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarının sıralaması belli oldu . In: Halk TV haberler ve canlı yayın . May 14, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed May 29, 2018]).
^ Official list of candidates (High Electoral Committee). Retrieved May 29, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ Seçim 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sonuçları. Retrieved August 17, 2018 .
↑ Seçim 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sonuçları. Retrieved August 26, 2019 .
↑ Akdeniz Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ Marmara Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ Ege Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ İç Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ Karadeniz Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
^ Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .
↑ propaganda serbestliği ve seçim yasakları yarın başlıyor . ( com.tr [accessed June 20, 2018]).
↑ REMRES survey June 2018 (2). Retrieved May 14, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ AKAM anketi: 'HDP etkisiyle' çoğunluk muhalefette, Erdoğan'la İnce ikinci turda - Diken . In: Diken . June 13, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed June 14, 2018]).
↑ MAK anketi: Erdoğan birinci turda yüzde 51.5, vekil dağılımı HDP'ye endeksli - Diken . In: Diken . June 9, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed June 11, 2018]).
↑ REMRES survey June 2018. Accessed June 6, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ Mynet: 24 Haziran seçim sonuçlarına ilişkin SONAR'dan en yeni anket! Hangi parti ne kadar oy alacak? In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed June 5, 2018]).
↑ İLK TURDA CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI SEÇİMİ BIÇAK SIRTINDA. Retrieved June 5, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ Referandumu hatasız tahmin eden şirketin son anketi ilk kez Odatv'de . In: odatv.com . ( odatv.com [accessed June 6, 2018]).
↑ Mynet: Gezici araştırma şirketinden 24 Haziran seçimleri için son anket! Hangi partinin ne kadar oyu var? In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed June 8, 2018]).
↑ Anket sonuçları açıklandı! Akşener, İnce ve Erdoğan'da son durum. Retrieved May 24, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ REMRES survey May 2018. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 25, 2018 ; accessed on May 27, 2018 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
↑ Son anketler: Anket sonuçlarına göre muhalefet blokunun oyu yüzde 58! ( com.tr [accessed on May 19, 2018]).
↑ REMRES survey (May 2018; after nomination by İnce). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 11, 2018 ; Retrieved May 11, 2018 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
↑ Sputnik: Karamollaoğlu 100 am imzayı geçti: 'Hedef sadece İstanbul'dan 200 am'. Retrieved May 6, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ Turkey: Opposition party sends Muharrem Ince into the race against President Erdogan . In: The press . ( diepresse.com [accessed on May 4, 2018]).
↑ Son seçim anketi REMRES'ten: Millet İttifakı ve Cumhur İttifakı başabaş, Cumhurbaşkanlığı 2. tura kalıyor . In: Democrat Haber . ( demokrathaber.org [accessed May 7, 2018]).
↑ Piar'a göre ikinci turda Erdoğan'a karşı iki isim öne çıkıyor: Şener ve Akşener - Diken . In: Diken . May 1, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed May 2, 2018]).
↑ Son anket sonuçları açıklandı: Cumhur ittifakı tepetaklak! Retrieved April 30, 2018 (Turkish).
↑ Turkey: HDP nominates Demirtaş as a presidential candidate . In: ZEIT ONLINE . ( zeit.de [accessed on May 4, 2018]).
↑ Mynet: Ünlü anket şirketinin sahibi Twitter'dan paylaştı! İşte son anket . In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed February 22, 2018]).
↑ SONAR'ın son anketi: Erdoğan'ın ikinci turda da seçilmesi çok zor . ( com.tr [accessed February 22, 2018]).
↑ Cem Dalaman: Almanya'daki Türk Seçmenin Nabzını Tutan Chains İlginç Sonuçlar . In: Amerika'nin Sesi | Voice of America - Turkish . ( amerinsesi.com [accessed June 12, 2018]).

[1] 4'lü ittifak'ta 4 isim tartışılıyor - Nergis Demirkaya . ( com.tr [accessed on May 4, 2018]).

[2] YSK'da kura çekimleri yapıldı! Cumhurbaşkanı adaylarının sıralaması belli oldu . In: Halk TV haberler ve canlı yayın . May 14, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed May 29, 2018]).

[3] Official list of candidates (High Electoral Committee). Retrieved May 29, 2018 (Turkish).

[4] Seçim 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sonuçları. Retrieved August 17, 2018 .

[5] Seçim 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sonuçları. Retrieved August 26, 2019 .

[6] Akdeniz Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[7] Marmara Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[8] Ege Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[9] İç Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[10] Karadeniz Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[11] Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[12] Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi Cumhurbaşkanlığı Seçim Sonuçları - 24 Haziran 2018. Accessed November 7, 2019 .

[13] ropaganda serbestliği ve seçim yasakları yarın başlıyor . ( com.tr [accessed June 20, 2018]).

[14] REMRES survey June 2018 (2). Retrieved May 14, 2018 (Turkish).

[15] AKAM anketi: 'HDP etkisiyle' çoğunluk muhalefette, Erdoğan'la İnce ikinci turda - Diken . In: Diken . June 13, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed June 14, 2018]).

[16] MAK anketi: Erdoğan birinci turda yüzde 51.5, vekil dağılımı HDP'ye endeksli - Diken . In: Diken . June 9, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed June 11, 2018]).

[17] REMRES survey June 2018. Accessed June 6, 2018 (Turkish).

[:3-18] Mynet: 24 Haziran seçim sonuçlarına ilişkin SONAR'dan en yeni anket! Hangi parti ne kadar oy alacak? In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed June 5, 2018]).

[:4-19] İLK TURDA CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI SEÇİMİ BIÇAK SIRTINDA. Retrieved June 5, 2018 (Turkish).

[20] Referandumu hatasız tahmin eden şirketin son anketi ilk kez Odatv'de . In: odatv.com . ( odatv.com [accessed June 6, 2018]).

[21] Mynet: Gezici araştırma şirketinden 24 Haziran seçimleri için son anket! Hangi partinin ne kadar oyu var? In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed June 8, 2018]).

[22] Anket sonuçları açıklandı! Akşener, İnce ve Erdoğan'da son durum. Retrieved May 24, 2018 (Turkish).

[23] REMRES survey May 2018. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 25, 2018 ; accessed on May 27, 2018 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[24] Son anketler: Anket sonuçlarına göre muhalefet blokunun oyu yüzde 58! ( com.tr [accessed on May 19, 2018]).

[:1-25] REMRES survey (May 2018; after nomination by İnce). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 11, 2018 ; Retrieved May 11, 2018 (Turkish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[26] Sputnik: Karamollaoğlu 100 am imzayı geçti: 'Hedef sadece İstanbul'dan 200 am'. Retrieved May 6, 2018 (Turkish).

[27] Turkey: Opposition party sends Muharrem Ince into the race against President Erdogan . In: The press . ( diepresse.com [accessed on May 4, 2018]).

[28] Son seçim anketi REMRES'ten: Millet İttifakı ve Cumhur İttifakı başabaş, Cumhurbaşkanlığı 2. tura kalıyor . In: Democrat Haber . ( demokrathaber.org [accessed May 7, 2018]).

[:0-29] Piar'a göre ikinci turda Erdoğan'a karşı iki isim öne çıkıyor: Şener ve Akşener - Diken . In: Diken . May 1, 2018 ( com.tr [accessed May 2, 2018]).

[30] Son anket sonuçları açıklandı: Cumhur ittifakı tepetaklak! Retrieved April 30, 2018 (Turkish).

[31] Turkey: HDP nominates Demirtaş as a presidential candidate . In: ZEIT ONLINE . ( zeit.de [accessed on May 4, 2018]).

[32] Mynet: Ünlü anket şirketinin sahibi Twitter'dan paylaştı! İşte son anket . In: Mynet Haber . ( mynet.com [accessed February 22, 2018]).

[33] SONAR'ın son anketi: Erdoğan'ın ikinci turda da seçilmesi çok zor . ( com.tr [accessed February 22, 2018]).

[34] Cem Dalaman: Almanya'daki Türk Seçmenin Nabzını Tutan Chains İlginç Sonuçlar . In: Amerika'nin Sesi | Voice of America - Turkish . ( amerinsesi.com [accessed June 12, 2018]).