Frankfurt-Rödelheim

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Coat of arms of Rödelheim
Coat of arms of Frankfurt am Main
Rödelheim
20th district of Frankfurt am Main
Altstadt Bahnhofsviertel Bergen-Enkheim Berkersheim Bockenheim Bockenheim Bonames Bornheim Dornbusch Eckenheim Eschersheim Fechenheim Flughafen Frankfurter Berg Gallus Ginnheim Griesheim Gutleutviertel Harheim Hausen Heddernheim Höchst Innenstadt Kalbach-Riedberg Nied Nieder-Erlenbach Nieder-Eschbach Niederrad Niederursel Nordend-Ost Nordend-West Oberrad Ostend Praunheim Praunheim Preungesheim Riederwald Rödelheim Sachsenhausen-Nord Sachsenhausen-Süd Schwanheim Schwanheim Seckbach Sindlingen Sossenheim Unterliederbach Westend-Nord Westend-Süd Zeilsheimmap
About this picture
Coordinates 50 ° 7 '31 "  N , 8 ° 36' 40"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '31 "  N , 8 ° 36' 40"  E
surface 4.660 km²
Residents 19,360 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 4155 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 60488, 60489
prefix 069
Website www.frankfurt.de
structure
District 7 - middle-west
Townships
  • 40 1 - Rödelheim-Ost
  • 40 2 - Rödelheim-West
Transport links
Regional and S-Bahn 15 S3 S4 S5
Subway U7
bus 34 55 60 67 72 n1 n2
Source: Statistics currently 03/2020. Residents with main residence in Frankfurt am Main. Retrieved April 8, 2020 .

Rödelheim has been a district in the west of Frankfurt am Main since April 1, 1910 and has 000000000019360.000000000019,360 inhabitants. It has a motorway connection and S-Bahn station and is located on the cycle path along the Nidda on the Frankfurt green belt with two parks. Historical personalities were guests in the Brentano country house. Rödelheim is the birthplace of the physicist and chemist Heinrich Buff , whose aunt Charlotte Buff was the model for the character Lotte in Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther . Died here August Friedrich Wilhelm Crome , a friend of Father buffs and 1868 Laurenz Hannibal Fischer ( "Fischer fleet") of 1852, the German Empire fleet broke up and auctioned off. Also known are Rödelheim rap musicians such as the Rödelheim Hartreim Projekt , Moses Pelham and Sabrina Setlur .

history

Replicated foundation stone in Solmspark

middle Ages

On September 21, 788, Rödelheim was first mentioned in a document as Radilenheim in the Lorsch Codex . There is the story of the farmer Radilo about the founding history of Rödelheim, who is said to be the first to clear forest areas and make them arable. One of the main streets in Rödelheim was named after him, Radilostraße.

In the 12th century the Rödelheimer Wasserburg was built, from which the later castle emerged. The Cyriakus Church was built in the 14th century .

In 1461 the castle and town of Rödelheim fell into the possession of the Counts of Solms as heirs of Frank von Cronberg, who had previously expanded the Rödelheim Castle. In July 1552 the Passau Treaty was signed in Rödelheim after the Schmalkaldic War .

Modern times

Between 1792 and 1800 there were bloody battles in Rödelheim during the coalition wars . The county of Solms-Rödelheim ended in 1806, the office of Rödelheim came to the Grand Duchy of Hesse -Darmstadt. In 1800 the first Rödelheim castle was demolished and the construction of a second castle began, which was not completed until 1860. In 1805 the first school house was built.

Between 1808 and 1823 Georg Brentano acquired a country house with a garden and expanded it to a park, the Brentanopark, to which the Petrihaus , which has been preserved to this day, also belongs. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Clemens Brentano and Bettina von Arnim were regular visitors there during this time. The kitchen house belonging to the country house and the garden house are still preserved, but the country house is not.

Rödelheim's geographical location in terms of traffic favored the development of the place. Here the Cölnische Hohe Heer- und Geleitstrasse , an old trade route from Frankfurt to Cologne , crossed the river Nidda before overcoming the Taunus ridge at Königstein fortress .

The Niddabrücke in Rödelheim, which is still important today for the entire region between Frankfurt and the Taunus , was destroyed and rebuilt several times in numerous wars, especially in the coalition wars from 1792 to 1815. In 1833 the first regular mail connection to Frankfurt was introduced and the first post office was built in 1845. The Rödelheim volunteer fire department was founded in 1859.

Petri house

In 1866 Rödelheim was placed under the Prussian monarchy by the peace treaty of September 3, 1866 .

In 1861 the Homburger Bahn was opened, a connection from Frankfurt to Oberursel and Bad Homburg ; the Rödelheim train station became a small traffic junction in 1874. The Kronberger Bahn, which opened this year, branched off from the Homburg Bahn and drove via Eschborn to Kronberg . In addition, in the period between 1889 and 1895, the Frankfurt horse-drawn tram ran to the Rödelheimer Niddabrücke, but was replaced by an electric tram from 1904.

The Possmann cider press was founded in 1881, and in 1896 the citizens of Rödelheim, Peter and Heinrich Weil, founded the Peter Weil & Co bicycle factory in Alexanderstraße , which later became Torpedo-Werke AG (Weil-Werke), which subsequently also manufactured office machines and mopeds.

In 1885 Rödelheim was promoted to town for 25 years until it was incorporated into Frankfurt on April 1, 1910. The Radiloschule was built between 1904 and 1910, followed by the Arndtschule in 1914. In 1928 the Brentanobad was built and is Europe's largest outdoor pool. In 1933, the second Rödelheim castle in Solmspark was acquired and restored by the city of Frankfurt. It was destroyed in the Second World War by Allied aerial bombs during the air raids on Frankfurt am Main .

Jewish history in Rödelheim

Synagogue monument

From the 17th century Rödelheim developed into a source of Yiddish - kabbalistic folklore. An edition of the Ma'assebuch was published here in 1753 by Jona ben Josche Gamburg and printed by Karl Reich.

In 1799, the publisher and scholar Benjamin Wolf Heidenheim founded a printing company that published Jewish prayer books and theological works. Heidenheim then lived in Rödelheim until his death in 1832.

The first synagogue of its own was set up in 1730 at Schulstrasse 9 (today's Inselgäßchen) after the Jewish community was initially allowed to gather in a stately barn between 1680 and 1700. At that time the Jewish community consisted of about 80 people. The Jewish community of Rödelheim was subordinate to the rabbinate of Giessen .

Due to the growth of the community, a new synagogue was built and consecrated on June 29, 1838. The pastor of the evangelical Cyriac parish Ludwig Thudichum also gave an inauguration speech . Architecturally, the synagogue was characterized by an idiosyncratic oriental style. It was destroyed from 9/10. November 1938 (" Reichspogromnacht "). Initially, only the interior was destroyed by a fire. The last residents had to leave the building on November 3, 1939. The building was then used as a storage room for a car repair shop until it was completely destroyed by Allied bombs on March 22, 1944 . The Torah shield of the Rödelheim Synagogue is now in the Jewish Museum in New York City .

Today, a monument erected on the site of the synagogue with a stele by the Bad Homburg sculptor Christof Krause from 1979 commemorates the Rödelheim synagogue . This was expanded in 2015 when the outlines of the synagogue were made visible again with paving stones and the rows of seats were indicated by 8 stone blocks. A Torah stone with a relief of a menorah is on the site of the earlier Torah shrine. This new memorial was inaugurated on November 6, 2015. In addition, there are also a number of stumbling blocks in Rödelheim that remind of the lives of Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution.

Antonius Church

Population development

year Residents year Residents
1834 1,871 1905 8,234
1840 2,106 1910 10,067
1846 2.411 1933 12,410
1852 2,611 1939 11,406
1858 2,615 1945 8,697
1864 2,762 1950 12,850
1871 3,109 1956 15,721
1875 3,903 1958 16,250
1885 4,264 1968 19,040
1895 4,888 1977 17,989

Sights and cultural monuments

Main article: List of cultural monuments in Frankfurt-Rödelheim

  • Old Rödelheim water tower
    The Catholic Antoniuskirche was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1892. The listed church contains murals in the Nazarene style.
  • The Protestant St. Cyriakus Church is located directly at the Solmspark.
  • The historic Petrihaus , built in 1720 and rebuilt around 1820 in today's style, is located directly across from the Brentanopark on the other side of the Nidda. A literary circle used to meet there regularly, to which, in addition to Clemens Brentano, the Brothers Grimm , Adele Schopenhauer and Marianne von Willemer belonged. Even Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Neapolitan were here for a visit. Next to the Petrihaus there is the ginkgo in Rödelheim , the oldest ginkgo tree in Germany, probably even all of Europe (planted in 1750). In 2003 the house was reconstructed and restored. The former kitchen house belonging to the Brentano's country house and the garden house in Brentano Park have also been preserved.
  • One of Rödelheim's landmarks is the Rödelheim water tower , which was built from 1898 to 1899. It is 51 meters high and has a diameter of 9.5 meters. With a capacity of 380 cubic meters and a constant water pressure of 3 bar, it served for a long time as a drinking water reservoir for the nearby residential areas. With the incorporation of Rödelheim in 1910, the district was also connected to the water network of the city of Frankfurt and the tower became superfluous, today it is a listed building and is partially used as an office building.
  • The Sternbrücke Rödelheim is a listed road bridge built in 1807. The baroque arched bridge leads Rödelheimer Landstrasse over a former flood basin of the Nidda.
  • A memorial by the Bad Homburg sculptor Christof Krause commemorates the synagogue that was destroyed in 1938 . The outlines of the former synagogue were made visible again with paving stones. The rows of seats in the synagogue were indicated by 8 stone blocks. A Torah stone is on the site of the earlier Torah shrine. In addition, there are also a number of stumbling blocks in Rödelheim , which remind of the life of the Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution.
  • Several old millstones on the "Mühlinsel" (street on the island) are reminiscent of the last Frankfurt mill that was demolished in 1966.
  • At Au 14-16 there is a former factory owner's villa on a 1.6 hectare site belonging to the Peter Rada metal goods factory, which is now owned by the City of Frankfurt. Since around 1983 there has been a well-known, often besieged and contested, self-administered youth center of the punk scene here. It is considered to be the oldest, continuously occupied project for an alternative lifestyle in Germany and is known throughout Europe as DIE AU with a trailer park.
  • The Frankfurt Opera has rented a rehearsal stage in Rödelheimer Landstrasse with 1,200 m² of space.

Parks and green spaces

Rödelheim is crossed by the Frankfurt Green Belt cycle path along the Nidda. Both Rödelheim parks are connected in this way. You have an old tree population, about which you can find more information online in the tree register of the city of Frankfurt.

Brentano Park

The Brentano Park with an area of ​​approx. 4 hectares has been a listed building since 1986. Between 1808 and 1823 Georg Brentano acquired a country house with a garden, which also includes the Petrihaus with the old ginkgo tree, which has been preserved to this day, and expanded it to a 14-hectare park by purchasing land. The kitchen house belonging to the country house and the garden house are still preserved, but the country house itself is not. The city of Frankfurt acquired the park in 1926 and built one of the largest park swimming pools in Europe, the Brentanobad , in the eastern part .

Solmspark

The Solmspark on the Rödelheimer Nidda Island has an area of ​​approx. 5 hectares and arose from a classic landscape park that was laid out in 1879 around the former castle of the Count of Solms-Rödelheim . The castle was badly damaged in World War II and later completely demolished. In the middle of the park, framed by old trees, there is a special botanical rarity: a Caucasian wingnut with a diameter of over 60 m and a height of 20 m.

Biegwald

The Biegwald is a forest park and landscape protection area of ​​over 18 hectares. Although it is part of the Frankfurt district of Bockenheim , it borders directly on Rödelheim, is connected to the Solmspark via a short stretch of road and can be reached from both the Niddabrücke Blauer Steg and the Rebstöcker Weg street .

economy

With its excellent infrastructure and transport links, Rödelheim is an important business location for the region. Numerous retailers and large entrepreneurs are based here. Representing many well-known and important names, the long-established traditional company Kelterei Possmann should be mentioned here as the manufacturer of the universally popular Frankfurt cider.

Events

Rödelheim offers numerous cultural events and festivals, which are planned and organized by the Rödelheimer Vereinsring and the Rödelheim local history and history association. The Rödelheim home and history association regularly organizes lectures, exhibitions and social events in the Brentanopark pavilion or in the Petrihaus. Lectures and readings also take place in the Rödelheim district library (Radilostraße).

The Rödelheim street festival with music events takes place every two years (odd years) in the area of ​​the Alt-Rödelheim / Burgfriedenstraße, alternating with the Christmas market at Rödelheim train station (even years). The Rödelheimer Parkfest and the Rödelheimer Musiknacht in Solmspark also offer a variety of music events and are an attraction far beyond the borders of Rödelheim. The bridge festival takes place at the Niddabrücke Blauer Steg, the summer festival of the volunteer fire brigade Rödelheim on their premises in Assenheimer Straße.

Also known far beyond the borders of Rödelheim is the Rödelheimer Volksradfahren, which takes place annually on the last Sunday in September and has many hundreds of participants. It is initiated by the Possmann press together with the RV Sossenheim cycling club in 1895 and celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2014.

Sports

Soccer

The 1st Women's Football Club in Frankfurt has been competing in the women's Bundesliga since the license was acquired on January 1, 1999 . The home ground is the stadium at Brentanobad .

Brentanobad

On Brentanobad , which is located opposite the Hausener pool at the Ludwig-Landmann-Straße, there is an open-air cinema . The DLRG local group center is also located there . The Brentanobad itself belongs to Rödelheim and is the largest outdoor pool in Europe .

literature

  • Reinhold Budenz: From the history of Rödelheim (=  publication series Frankfurter Sparkasse from 1822 ). Waldemar Kramer Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1971, p. 1-50 .
  • Emil Hartmann, Paul Schubert: Alt-Rödelheim - in words and pictures . Wolfgang Weidlich Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1921, ISBN 3-8035-1208-5 , pp. 1-236 (reprinted 1983).
  • Horst Wolters - Rödelheim and Hausen , discovery tour through two Frankfurt districts, Howolt-Verlag, Frankfurt

Web links

Commons : Frankfurt-Rödelheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. § 1 No. 8 Act, regarding the unification of the previously Bavarian and Grand Ducal Hessian territories with the Prussian monarchy of December 24, 1866, collection of laws for the Royal Prussian States, ( pruss GS 1866) p. 876
  2. ^ "Brentanobad" in Frankfurt: This is Europe's largest outdoor swimming pool. July 31, 2014, accessed on March 28, 2019 (German).
  3. Full text of the Rödelheim edition of the Ma'assebuch in the Frankfurt University Library
  4. ^ Monument to the synagogue. November 6, 2015, accessed March 27, 2019 .
  5. ^ "Rödelheim, City of Frankfurt am Main". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of November 24, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ^ Hans Dieter Schneider: The Rödelheimer Mühle (791 - 1944), a chronicle based on documents, references and maps . In: Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Rödelheim (Hrsg.): Contributions to Rödelheim history . tape 5 . Frankfurt.
  7. FAZ 2017 - Left-autonomous self-managed housing project
  8. ^ GeoInfo Frankfurt. Retrieved March 29, 2019 .
  9. Frankfurt am Main: Brentanopark. Retrieved February 20, 2020 .
  10. ^ Frankfurt am Main: Solmspark. Retrieved February 20, 2020 .
  11. ^ Frankfurt am Main: Biegwald. Retrieved February 20, 2020 .
  12. Current - Rödelheimer Vereinsring 1969 eV Accessed on March 28, 2019 .
  13. ^ Rödelheim Music Night. Retrieved on March 28, 2019 (German).
  14. UMK: Rödelheimer Volksradfahren celebrates a milestone birthday. Rödelheimer Echo (autumn 2014), accessed on March 28, 2019 .