Rudolf Ramek

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tom von Dreger : Federal Chancellor Rudolf Ramek
Rudolf Ramek (1926)

Rudolf Ramek (born April 12, 1881 in Teschen , Austrian Silesia , † July 24, 1941 in Vienna ) was an Austrian lawyer and politician of the Christian Social Party and held office in the First Republic from November 20, 1924 to October 20, 1926 of the Federal Chancellor .

Life

After attending grammar school in Teschen, Rudolf Ramek studied law at the University of Vienna (Dr. iur 1907). He was elected by the Constituent National Assembly on October 17, 1919, until his resignation on June 24, 1920, State Secretary (= Minister) for Justice of the Renner III state government , a coalition government of Social Democrats and Christian Socials. From November 10, 1920 to April 30, 1934 he was a member of the National Council , with interruptions as Federal Minister of the Interior and Education in 1921 and as Federal Chancellor from 1924 to 1926 (Cabinet Ramek I and since January 15, 1926 Ramek II). His predecessor and successor as Federal Chancellor was Ignaz Seipel .

During his tenure as Chancellor, in 1925 the currency was changed from the crown to the shilling , in 1926 the end of the financial control of the League of Nations based on the Geneva Protocols of 1922 ; In addition, he was able to enforce financial equalization with the federal states . However, due to difficulties in adapting to the economic relations with the former crown lands , which had changed greatly since 1918, the economy did not gain momentum; unemployment continued to rise.

During Ramek's tenure as Federal Chancellor, several private credit institutions, which had taken over during the high inflation until 1922 and then with speculative business, slid into bankruptcy or the compulsory merger. The state postal savings bank office also suffered enormous damage from questionable transactions ( postal savings bank scandal ). Finance Minister Jakob Ahrer (Cabinet Ramek I) was severely criticized for dealing with these affairs after he left the government, although he had acted in agreement with Ramek.

In 1930 Ramek became second president of the National Council . As such, he resigned on March 4, 1933, because of disputes about rules of procedure such as President Karl Renner and the third President Sepp Straffner ; Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss referred to the process as “ Parliament's self-elimination ”, as the National Council's rules of procedure at that time did not provide for a rule as to who had to chair the session if all three presidents resign.

After the February fights in 1934, during which Dollfuss eliminated the Social Democrats and declared their parliamentary mandates to have expired, the federal government decided on this missing rule of procedure. Ramek now chaired the last session of the National Council in the 1st Republic on April 30, 1934 (formal: end of the session of March 4, 1933; Social Democrats and Communists were only excluded as a rump parliament, most of the Greater German MPs boycotted the session because it was unconstitutional ; see corporate state ). The sole purpose of the meeting was to give the previously promulgated dictatorial corporate state constitution a democratic look; in fact, according to the Federal Constitutional Act of 1929, a referendum would have had to be held on this overall amendment to the constitution, as the Greater Germans determined.

Ramek was a member of KaV Norica Wien , then in the CV , today in the ÖCV , as well as the K.ö.St.V. Almgau Salzburg in the middle school cartel association .

He was buried in the Salzburg municipal cemetery.

Honor

In March 2019, a memorial to Ramek was unveiled in the Salzburg municipal cemetery.

literature

  • Walter Goldinger :  Ramek Rudolf. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 8, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 407.
  • Franz Schausberger : Rudolf Ramek - Notes on a political biography . In: Reinhard Krammer, Christoph Kühberger, Franz Schausberger (eds.): The researching look. Contributions to the history of Austria in the 20th century. Festschrift for Ernst Hanisch on his 70th birthday . Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-205-78470-8 , pp. 179-227.
  • Franz Schausberger : Rudolf Ramek 1881–1941. Consensus Chancellor in the Austria of Contrasts (= series of publications by the Research Institute for Political-Historical Studies of the Dr.-Wilfried-Haslauer-Bibliothek. Volume 62). Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2017, ISBN 978-3-205-20644-6 .

Web links

Commons : Rudolf Ramek  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The honorary members, old men and students of the CV Vienna 1925, p. 643.
  2. ↑ Gerald Lehner : New memorial for the forgotten Federal Chancellor. In: salzburg.orf.at . March 5, 2019, accessed March 5, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Ramek, Rudolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian lawyer and politician (CS)
DATE OF BIRTH April 12, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Teschen , Austrian Silesia
DATE OF DEATH July 24, 1941
Place of death Vienna