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||5.0||[[Markoye]] <ref name="FR_1959"/>||[[January]] [[1975]] <ref>2.9°C reported from Banankeledara (Banankélédaga) near Bobo_Dioulasso, and 5.0°C reported from the same place in 1971 are probably unreliable.</ref>
||5.0||[[Markoye]] <ref name="FR_1959"/>||[[January]] [[1975]] <ref>2.9°C reported from Banankeledara (Banankélédaga) near Bobo_Dioulasso, and 5.0°C reported from the same place in 1971 are probably unreliable.</ref>
||47.2||[[Dori]] <ref name="KNMI">[http://climexp.knmi.nl/selectdailyseries.cgi?someone@somewhere Climate Explorer], The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 22 April 2007. Higher temperatures for Fada Ngourma and the capital Ouagadougou of 48C were recorded in the first half of the XIX century with not proper instruments.</ref>|| [[1984]]
||47.2||[[Dori]] <ref name="KNMI">[http://climexp.knmi.nl/selectdailyseries.cgi?someone@somewhere Climate Explorer], The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 22 April 2007. Higher temperatures for Fada Ngourma and the capital Ouagadougou of 48C were recorded in the first half of the XIX century with not proper instruments.</ref>|| [[13 May]] [[1984]]
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Revision as of 10:28, 10 March 2008

The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of Africa.


Territory Lowest Temperature Highest Temperature
T°C Place Date T°C Place Date
Africa -23.9 Īfrān (Ifrane)  Morocco 11 February 1935 50.7 Semara  Western Sahara 13 July 1961
 Algeria -20.0 Batna Batna province [1] 4 January 1945 50.6 In Salah Tamanrasset province [2] 12 July 2002
 Angola -8.3 Chitembo Bié province [3] 31 July 1947 43.5 Dondo Cuanza Norte province [4] 16 November 1942
 Benin 8.5 Kandi [5] 9 January 1957 46.0 Kandi [5] April 1940
 Botswana -10.6 Tsabong [6] 30 July 1953 42.4 Gomo [7] January 1932
 British Indian Ocean Territory (UK) 18.3 Diego Garcia 37.2 Diego Garcia [8] 9 February 1998
 Burkina Faso 5.0 Markoye [5] January 1975 [9] 47.2 Dori [10] 13 May 1984
 Burundi -0.9 Gisozi (Kisozi) [11] 36.1 Bujumbura [12]
 Cameroon 3.0 Adamawa (Adamaoua) plateau [13][14] January 1892 47.7 Kousseri [15] 18 April 1908
Canary Islands (Sp.) -16.8 Pico de la Teide [16] 18 January 1994 49.0 Sabinar-Lomo Negro El Hierro [17] 6 September 1986
 Cape Verde 5.0 Monte Velha Fogo [18] March 1943 37.2 Praia [19]
 Central African Republic 3.1 Birao [20] 19 January 1956 45.0 Birao [21] 22 March 1985
 Chad 2.6 Faya (Faya-Largeau) [22] 31 December 1951 49.7 Faya (Faya-Largeau) [23] 26 May 1952 and 26 June 1952
 Comoros 13.6 Moroni 35.6 Moroni
 Republic of the Congo 8.9 Sibiti [24] 28 July 1954 41.0 Ouesso [24] March 1950 and April 1950
 Democratic Republic of the Congo -1.5 Sakania Katanga province [25] 11 January 1949 41.0 Yahila Orientale province
 Ivory Coast 6.0 Man [26] 41.7 Odienné April 1943 [27]
 Djibouti 12.5 Ali-Sabieh [28] 26 December 1964 49.5 Djibouti-Serpent [5][29] July 1934
Tadjourah [23][29] July 1951
 Egypt -8.8 Qal’at an-Nakhl (Nakhl) Shamal Sina' (Northern Sinai) governorate [30] 16 January 2008 50.3 Kharga [31]
 Equatorial Guinea 8.0 Valle de Moka Bioko [32] 35.3 Malabo Bioko [17] 18 February 1957
 Eritrea -1.1 Asmara [12] [33] 48.0 Massawa [34]
 Ethiopia -15.0 Sanetti Plateau Oromia region 48.9 Dallol Afar region [35] May 1962 and July 1966
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Fr.) [36] -9.4 Base de Port-aux-Français Kerguelen [37] 27 June 1953 26.4 Martin de Viviès Île Amsterdam [10] 30 January 2005
 Gabon 10.0 Mékambo [38] 30 July1964 37.2 Mouila [22] [39] 28 February 1951
 Gambia 7.2 Banjul [40] 45.1 Fatoto [41] 29 April1995
 Ghana 8.9 Dormaa-Ahenkro 9 January 1957 [42] 43.9 Navrongo [43]
 Guinea 2.5 Bareing Mamou region [44] 2 January 1982 43.3 Boké Boké region [22][45] March 1947
 Guinea-Bissau 7.0 Farim [46] 31 January 1961 43.6 Bafatá [47] 18 March 1969
 Kenya -2.2 Chagaik Estate [48] 42.6 Wajir [49] 24 February 2007
 Lesotho -20.4 Letseng-la-Draai (Letseng-la-Terae) [50] 12 June 1967 38.5 Maseru
 Liberia 12.8 Robertsfield [51] 40.6 Sikombe [52] February 1905
 Libya -9.0 Hūn [53] 10 January 1938 49.0 Murzuq [54]
 Madagascar -8.5 Nanokely Antananarivo province [55][56][57] 23 July 1963 and August 1964 44.4 Behara Toliara province [58][59] 20 November 1940
Madeira (Port.) -3.9 Pico_do_Arieiro 38.5 Funchal [60]
 Malawi -0.5 Lilongwe [61] [62] 44.5 Makhanga [61]
 Mali 0.5 Kidal Kidal region 1 February 1928 48.8 Nioro du Sahel Kayes region [22] [63] May 1936
 Mauritius 6.5 Belle Rive Quartier Militaire town [64] 20 July 1986 37.5 Port Louis [64] 7 February 1975
 Mauritania 1.0 Bir Moghrein Tiris Zemmour region [5] December 1946 50.0 Akjoujt Inchiri region [22][65] July 1939
 Mayotte (Fr) 15.6 Dzaoudzi [12] 35.0 Dzaoudzi [12] 25 January 1952
 Morocco -23.9 Īfrān (Ifrane) Meknès-Tafilalt region [53] 11 February 1935 48.9 Agadir Airport 10 July 1994 [66]
 Mozambique -2.8 Mauè Tete province [67] 17 July 1947 47.1 Umbelúzi Maputo province [67][68] 24 September 1931
 Namibia -10.5 Stampriet Hardap region 47.8 Noordoewer Karas region
 Niger -3.0 Bilma Agadez department [22] January 1937 48.5 Tillabéri Tillabéri department [69] May 1939
 Nigeria 2.8 Potiskum [70] 8 and 9 January 1957 47.2 Hadejia Jigawa state and Sokoto [71]
Template:RU (Fr) -4.0 La-Plaine-des-Cafres 21 August 1956 36.9 Le Port [72] 25 February 2003
 Rwanda 7.0 Ruasa, Lake Ruhondo [73] August 1909 35.4 Kigali [74][75] 22 February2005
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK) -2.7 Gough Island [10] 29 August 1967 34.0 Georgetown Ascension[76]
 São Tomé and Príncipe 8.7 Roça, Monte Café São Tomé [77][78] 36.0 São Tomé São Tomé various dates
 Senegal 4.2 Diourbel [22] January 1947 48.8 Matam [79] 26 May 1993
 Seychelles 17.5 Aldabra Atoll [80] 36.3 Aldabra Atoll [81]
 Sierra Leone 9.0 Makene [82][83] 39.5 Makene [84]
 Somalia 6.0 Laasa Jaddad 45.0 Bosaso [85]
Somaliland  Somalia 2.8 Hargeysa [86] 47.7 Berbera [87] 5 July 2006
 South Africa -18.6 Buffelsfontein [88] 28 June 1996 48.8 Vioolsdrif January 1993 [89]
 Sudan -1.2 Zalingei [90] December 1961 and January 1962 49.7 Dongola [91]
 Eswatini -6.1 Mbabane 22 July 1957 46.0 Sidvokodvo (Dearn) [92] September 1931
 Tanzania -2.1 Shume (Neu-Hornow) Tanga region September 1907 [93][94] 39.4 Kisauni Airport,Zanzibar 27 February 2007[95]
 Togo 9.8 Palimé (Kpalimé) [96] 28 January 1911 44.4 Sansanné-Mango [5] March 1947
Sansanné-Mango [97] 1 April 1992
 Tunisia -9.0 Burj al-Haṭṭabah (Fort-Saint) [53] 22 December 1940 50.1 Al-Burmah (El Borma) [98][99] 26 July 2005
 Uganda 2.8 Kabale [100] 15 August 1936 40.1 Soroti [101][102] 5 and 6 February 1949
 Western Sahara (Mor.) 2.8 S’mārah (Semara) and Al Aaiun 20 December 1967 50.7 S’mārah (Semara) [17] 13 July 1961
 Zambia -8.0 Nalisa Western province [13] 10 July 1898 42.3 Mfuwe [103] 17 November 2005
 Zimbabwe -9.4 Matobo Matabeleland South province 29 June 1953 45.6 Kariba Mashonaland West province 13 November 1955 [104]

Footnotes

  1. ^ Bulletin Mensuel 1945, Algérie du Nord, Institut de Météorologie et de Physique du Globe de l’Algérie, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 24 January 2007. This reading has been questioned for possible overexposure.
  2. ^ Temperatures between 53°C and 57°C have been reported from various places in Algeria including Tindouf, Timimoun, Ouargla (Warqlā) and Touggourt but none was recorded under standard conditions.
  3. ^ Elementos Meteorológicos e Climatológicos Angola 1947, Colonia de Angola, Serviço Meteorológico, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  4. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias Relativos a 1942, Direcção Geral de Fomento Colonial, Serviço Meteorológico, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Annales des Services Météorologique de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1959, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 February 2006.
  6. ^ Botswana’s Climate, Meteorological Services, Botswana. Retrieved 28 January 2007. An absolute old record of -15.0C claimed at Tshabong may be considered suspicious and likely taken under not proper conditions
  7. ^ This record is slightly suspicious, as may have been affected by overexposure. 42.2C was recorded at Ghanzi on February 25th,1983 and at Dikgatlong on December 20th,1949. A 43.9C at Ghanzi on February 25th 1922 and a 43.3C at Maun in November 1930 were likely affected by overexposure.A 43.9C at Gabarone in December 1948 was a type error (111F insted the correct 101F).A 44.4C claimed at Palapye in 1945 is wrong.42.6C also recorded at Tsabong was likely to be affected by overexpsoure.
  8. ^ Historical Weather: Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory, El Tiempo. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  9. ^ 2.9°C reported from Banankeledara (Banankélédaga) near Bobo_Dioulasso, and 5.0°C reported from the same place in 1971 are probably unreliable.
  10. ^ a b c Climate Explorer, The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 22 April 2007. Higher temperatures for Fada Ngourma and the capital Ouagadougou of 48C were recorded in the first half of the XIX century with not proper instruments.
  11. ^ This reading was recorded in an Agro Station and the instrument used could be slightly overexposed.
  12. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference MeteoFrance was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ a b Knox, Alexander (1911). The Climate of the Continent of Africa. The University Press.
  14. ^ -2.7°C has been recorded on the summit of Fako Peak, Mount Cameroon.
  15. ^ http://www.ub.bildarchiv-dkg.uni-frankfurt.de/Bildprojekt/Lexikon/php/suche_db.php?suchname=Kamerun. There are some doubts about the correct exposure of the instrument used. Lately, 45.9c were recorded at Maroua in May 1937.
  16. ^ A low temperature of -21C was recorded near the Teide Peak in a sinkhole called Canada de la Grieta in 1912.
  17. ^ a b c Instituto Nacional de Meteorología (España)
  18. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias, Relativos a 1943, Ministérios das Colónias, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
  19. ^ Higher records taken at higher elevation as high as 40C are not believed to be reliable. Many other readings are errors. A record of 38.0 at Santa Maria,Sal Island,credited by some fonts,in September 1981 is believed to be incorrect.
  20. ^ Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1956, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 5 February 2006. This temperature is highly questioned and not supported by nearby stations. Next lowest reading is 4.2C , always at Birao
  21. ^ Historical Weather: Birao, Central African Republic, El Tiempo. Retrieved 4 February 2007
  22. ^ a b c d e f g Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1951, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 5 February 2006. Unofficial temperatures as low as -10C have been recroded on the top of the Tibesti mountains.
  23. ^ a b Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1952, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 29 October 2006.
  24. ^ a b Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1954, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 29 October 2006.
  25. ^ Temperatures as low as -4C have been reported in the Katanga Highlands
  26. ^ This temperature is questioned and could be slightly understimated
  27. ^ Higher temperatures recorded at Odienne and other stations are likely errors.
  28. ^ Résumé Mensuel de Temps 1964, Côte Française des Somalis, Service Météorologique, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
  29. ^ a b The Djibouti Serpent data might be affected by overirradiation.Temperatures as high as 52.3C were extrapolated for the Lac Assal (Lake Asal).
  30. ^ Temperatures of -15°C have been reported at high altitude on Jabal Katrīnah (Mount Catherine) Janub Sina' (Southern Sinai) governorate.
  31. ^ Readings of 51C and 50.6C at Aswan in the fist half of the century were taken under not proper exposure conditions.
  32. ^ Isla de Bioko, La Web Cultural de Guinea Ecuatorial. Retrieved 24 February 2007. Temperatures as low as 4C have been reported on the top of Basile Peak, although it is believed they can drop to the freezing point in the coldest nights.
  33. ^ Numerous readings below zero reported in Eritrea specially between 1989 and 1990 are mostly errors with the sign minus (-) added wrongly in positive temperatures.
  34. ^ A record of 49.1C reported at Nokra was likely taken with not proper instruments.
  35. ^ [wcuvax1.wcu.edu/~strauss/personal/weather/dallolweather.xls Dallol Weather], Bob Strauss, WCU. Retrieved 8 July 2007. Temperatures are believed to reach 51C in some desertic areas.
  36. ^ Data excludes [[Adelie_Land|Adélie Land on the Antarctic mainland.
  37. ^ Annales des Services Météorologiques de la France d’Outre-Mer, Année 1953, Ministère la France d’Outre-Mer, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 5 February 2006.
  38. ^ Géographie et Cartographie du Gabon: Climatologie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD). Retrieved 7 March 2007.
  39. ^ Higher readings recorded at Libreville and Lambarene in the begin of the XIX century were taken under not standard exposure conditions and others have been metars errors.
  40. ^ Tables of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Precipitation for the World. Great Britain Meteorological Office (1958-1967).
  41. ^ Historical Weather: Fatoto, Gambia, El Tiempo. Retrieved 19 March 2007.
  42. ^ This reading is considered reliable altough not official. Lowest official temperature in Ghana is 11.0C
  43. ^ Climatology, Ghana Meteorological Services Department. Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  44. ^ Quelques Records en Guinée, Météorologie Nationale, République de Guinée. Retrieved 23 February 2007
  45. ^ Boké reported a temperature of 46.5°C on 8 March 1938 but this appears unreliable.
  46. ^ Resultados das observações meteorológicas, 1961, Serviço Meteorológico da Guiné, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  47. ^ Resultados das observações meteorológicas, Março de 1969, Serviço Meteorológico da Guiné, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  48. ^ This temperature was taken with a simple thermometer, therefore it needs to be regarded as not official. +1.1C was recorded in Eldoret town. Temperatures of -19°C have been reported near the top of Kirinyaga (Mount Kenya), and -11°C has been reported at 4200m in the Teleki Valley on the slopes of the mountain.
  49. ^ Historical Weather: Wajir, Kenya, El Tiempo. Retrieved 13 March 2007. Temperatures can exceed 43C in the northern desertic plains.
  50. ^ http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/lesnc1.pdf
  51. ^ Temperatures of 10°C are reached in the Wologizi Mountains.
  52. ^ Climatology of Liberia, Monthly Weather Review Vol.34, No.11, p.521., NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 24 April 2007.
  53. ^ a b c McWhirter, Norris (1976). The Guinness Book of Answers. Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 0900424702. Very low readings recorded at Tacchedirt were taken under terrible exposure condtions with very faulty instruments.
  54. ^ The recording of 58.0°C at Al Azizia was due to terrible exposure conditions and it is believed to be overestimated by at least 10°C.
  55. ^ Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1963, Météorologie Nationale, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 24 February 2007.
  56. ^ Résumé Mensuel du Temps à Madagascar, 1964, Météorologie Nationale, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 24 February 2007.
  57. ^ -16°C has been reported from high altitude in the Andringitra Mountains Fianarantsoa province in 1995.
  58. ^ http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mdgnc1.pdf Communication Nationale Initiale de Madagascar], United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved 13 July 2007.
  59. ^ 46.5°C reported from Tranoroa Toliara provincein November 1936 is to be considered suspicious.
  60. ^ An old record of 39.4C was likely taken under not proper exposure conditions.
  61. ^ a b Department of Meteorological Services, Malawi
  62. ^ Unofficial temperature of -2C was also recorded at Mzuzu.
  63. ^ This reading is highly suspicious for over exposure. Next highest temperature in Mali is 48.5C at Timbuctu. Many other higher readings such as 52C at Menaka, 48.5C at Tessalit not to say the "jokes" of the temperatures up tp 54C at Araouane were taken under terrible exposure conditions.
  64. ^ a b Mauritius Meteorological Services.
  65. ^ A reading of 50.0C was also claimed at Moudjeria in May 1912 but the instrument used is believed to have been overexposed.
  66. ^ Many other readings exceeding 49C at Marrakech, Ouarzarzate, Zagora, etc,... were recorded under terrible exposure conditions
  67. ^ a b Boletim Mensual das Observações Meteorológicas 1956, Organizado Pelo Serviço Meteorológico, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 29 October 2006.
  68. ^ Temperatures between 48°C and 49°C reported from various places in Mozambique between 1940 and 1955 are believed to be unreliable.
  69. ^ 48.5C was also recorded at Agadez in May 1940 but the exposure conditions of the instrument is in question.
  70. ^ Unofficial temperatures just above freezing have been recorded in an experimental station near the town of Vom,in the Plateau State.
  71. ^ A reading f 48.9C at Dumjeri in April 1906 is almost surely overestimated.
  72. ^ 2003, année record pour les températures à La Réunion, Témoignages. Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  73. ^ http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd013_pdf/003EF8F6.pdf Mitteilungen aus den Deutschen Schutzgebieten, Wissenschaftliche Beihefte zum Deutschen Kolonialblatte], NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  74. ^ Rwanda Meteorological Services
  75. ^ Temperatures are believed to approach 38°C in the Nyagatare and Bugesera districts.
  76. ^ A reading of 35.0C also claimed at Georgetown should be considered suspicious.
  77. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias Relativos a 1942, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  78. ^ Temperatures of 5°C have been reported at high altitude on São Tomé.
  79. ^ Historical Weather: Matam, Senegal, El Tiempo. Retrieved 29 April 2007. Other readings without decimals given by some hourly metars of 49C are considered unreliable.
  80. ^ Biogeography and Ecology of the Seychelles Islands. Lower temperatures have been recorded at Le Misere at few hundreds meters a.s.l., nevertheless temperatures have been kept for only few months.
  81. ^ Farrow, G.E. (1971). The Climate of Aldabra Atoll. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B Vol 260, No 836, pp67-91.
  82. ^ Klimadatenbank - Klimatabelle für Makene, wetter.com. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
  83. ^ 4.4°C reported from Musaia appears unreliable.
  84. ^ A temperature of 43.9°C reported from Kabala is suspicious,as for the 40C reported at Musaia.
  85. ^ Old data taken during italian colonization were taken with not proper instruments. Modern record for Somalia, always recorded at Bosaso, is 44.7C on May 31st 2006.
  86. ^ -3.3°C reported from Ceerigaabo (Erigavo) is probably unreliable, although temperatures are believed to fall below 0°C in the northern highland areas.
  87. ^ Historical Weather: Berbera, Somalia, El Tiempo. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
  88. ^ [httphttp://www.dispatch.co.za/2005/07/02/editoria/chiel.html The Chiel], The Daily Dispatch. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
  89. ^ Temperatures as high as 51.7°C have been reported in South Africa but none are believed to be reliable.
  90. ^ http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Counprof/sudan/sudan.htm. Southern Sudan lowest temperature is 0.6C recorded at El Fasher.
  91. ^ Lowest and highest temperatures recorded at Wadi Halfa at the begin of the XX century were taken under terrible exposure conditions.Southern Sudan highest temperature is 46.2C recorded at Kosti on April 25th ,2002.
  92. ^ Report for the Years 1931-1932, Union of South Africa Meteorological Office, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 27 March 2007.
  93. ^ Mitteilungen aus den Deutschen Schutzgebieten, Wissenschaftliche Beihefte zum Deutschen Kolonialblatte, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 21 April 2007.
  94. ^ -22°C has been recorded from high altitude near the summit of Kilimanjaro.
  95. ^ The official highest temperature in Tanzania is 39.8C recorded on February 10th, 1999 in the northern Dodoma region area. The 39.4C record can be considered the highest temperature recorded in Tanzania in the international circuit.
  96. ^ Mitteilungen aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten, Fünfundzwanzigster Band, 1912, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
  97. ^ Historical Weather: Mango, Togo, El Tiempo. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
  98. ^ Historical Weather: El Borma, Tunisia, El Tiempo. Retrieved 25 April 2007.
  99. ^ Temperatures up to 55°C have been reported from the desert areas of Tunisia but these they were all taken under terrible exposure conditions.
  100. ^ -7.7°C has been reported from high altitude on Ruwenzori.
  101. ^ Summary of Meteorological Observations for 1953. Part III: Uganda, East African Meteorological Department. Retrieved 25 April 2007.
  102. ^ This reading of 40.1°C ,although official in Uganda,is suspicious and could have been taken under not proper exposure conditions.Next highest reading in Uganda is 39.4C recorded at Kitgum on March 15th,1953.
  103. ^ Zambia Institute of Meteorology
  104. ^ A temperature of 47C at Beitbridge is a wrong data.
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