Wide-body aircraft and Frank Rijkaard: Difference between pages
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| playername= Frank Rijkaard |
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{{refimprove|date=August 2008}} |
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| image = [[Image:Frank Rijkaard (2007).jpg|250px]] |
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[[Image:Airbus A380.jpg|thumb|The European [[Airbus A380]] is the world's largest and broadest passenger aircraft]]A '''wide-body aircraft''' is a large [[airliner]] with twin aisles and typically a fuselage diameter of 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 ft.). [[Passenger|Passengers]] usually are [[airline seat|seated]] 7 to 10 abreast. For comparison, a traditional '''[[Narrow-body aircraft|narrow-body]]''' airliner has a diameter of 3 to 4 metres (10 to 13 ft.), with a single aisle and seats arranged 2 to 6 abreast. Typical wide-body aircraft can accommodate between 200 and 600 passengers, while the largest narrow-body airliners typically hold about 280 passengers. Commercial [[cargo airline|freight or cargo]] wide-body aircraft also are in operation. |
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| fullname = Franklin Edmundo Rijkaard |
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| height = {{height|m=1.90}} |
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| nickname = The Lama |
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| dateofbirth = {{birth date and age|1962|9|30}} |
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| cityofbirth = [[Amsterdam]] |
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| countryofbirth = [[Netherlands]] |
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| currentclub = |
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| position =(former [[Midfielder]])'' now manager |
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| youthyears = |
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| youthclubs = |
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| years = 1980–1987<br /> 1987–1988<br />1987–1988<br />1988–1993<br />1993–1995 |
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| clubs = [[AFC Ajax|Ajax]]<br />[[Sporting Portugal]]<br />→ [[Real Zaragoza]] (loan)<br />[[AC Milan]]<br />[[AFC Ajax|Ajax]]<br />'''Career''' |
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| caps(goals) = 206 (46)<br />{{0}}{{0}}0 {{0}}(0)<br />{{0}}11 {{0}}(0)<br />142 (16)<br />{{0}}55 (19)<br />'''414 (81)''' |
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| nationalyears = 1981–1994 |
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| nationalteam = [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]] |
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| nationalcaps(goals) = {{0}}73 (10) |
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| manageryears = 1998–2000<br/>2001–2002<br/>2003–2008<br/>2008– |
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| managerclubs = [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]] <br /> [[Sparta Rotterdam]] <br />[[FC Barcelona]]<br /> |
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| pcupdate = June 9, 2006 |
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| ntupdate = May 30, 2006 |
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}} |
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'''Franklin Edmundo "Frank" Rijkaard''' (born September 30, 1962 in [[Amsterdam]]) is a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[football (soccer)|football]] [[Coach (sport)|manager]] and former player. Rijkaard has played for [[AFC Ajax]], [[Real Zaragoza]] and [[AC Milan]], and represented his national side 73 times, scoring 10 goals. On May 8, 2008, it was announced he would leave his managerial post at [[F.C Barcelona]] at the end of the season and be replaced by [[Barcelona B]] coach [[Josep Guardiola]]. His mother is [[Dutch people|Dutch]] and his father is [[Suriname|Surinamese]]. |
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== |
==Playing career== |
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===Ajax (1980–1987)=== |
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Rijkaard was just 17, when Ajax coach [[Leo Beenhakker]] gave him his senior squad debut August 23, 1980. He made an immediate impact, scoring for his team 0–3 in the 2–4 away victory over [[Go Ahead Eagles]], the first league match in the 1980–81 season. He would play another 23 games for Ajax in his first season, netting a total of 4 goals. In 1981–82 he won his first Dutch [[Eredivisie]] championship with Ajax, and went on to successfully defend that title in the following 1982-83 season. Rijkaard stayed at Ajax for seven and a half seasons, as a central defender (1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85), a right midfielder and a central midfielder (1985–86). During this period he won the Dutch league championship three times (1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85) and the Dutch Cup (KNVB-Cup 3 times (1982–83, 1985–86, 1986–87). In the 1986–87 season he won the European Cup II (Cup Winners' Cup) with Ajax (Final: Ajax 1-0 Lokomotiv Leipzig). In September 1987, what would have been Rijkaard's third season (1987–88) under Dutch football legend [[Johan Cruyff]] as head coach, Rijkaard stormed off the training field and vowed never to play under him again. He was signed by the Portuguese club [[Sporting Clube de Portugal|Sporting CP]], but he signed too late to be eligible to play in any competition. He was immediately loaned out to Spanish team [[Real Zaragoza]], but upon completing his first season at Zaragoza, was signed by Italian side [[AC Milan]]. |
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===AC Milan (1988–1993)=== |
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[[Image:Pan Am 747 LAX.jpg|thumb|[[Boeing 747]], the first wide-body, operated by [[Pan American World Airways|Pan American]], with a fuselage diameter of {{convert|256|in|m}} in the constant section]][[Image:dhl.a300b4.oo-dlz.arp.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Airbus A300]] introduced in 1972 was the first twin-engined wide body]][[Image:Royal Jordanian Airlines L-1011 in Geneva.jpg|thumb|right|An example of a widebody [[Lockheed L-1011|Lockheed L-1011 TriStar]] in a [[trijet]] configuration of [[Royal Jordanian Airline]]s in this short-lived, early 1980s livery.]]Following the success of the [[Boeing 707]] (with {{convert|148|in|m|sing=on}} fuselage) and [[Douglas DC-8]] (with {{convert|147|in|m|sing=on}} fuselage) in the late 1950s, airlines began seeking larger aircraft to meet the rising global demand for air travel. Engineers were faced with many challenges as airlines demanded more passenger seats per aircraft, longer fuel ranges and lower operating costs. |
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His five seasons at Milan made him a legend. It was coach [[Arrigo Sacchi]] who saw Rijkaard as playing a pivotal role at Milan and transformed the central defender into a world class holding midfielder, where the Dutchman's aggressive and firm style would go on to influence the likes of [[Patrick Vieira]] to replicate in future years. Playing alongside fellow country-men [[Marco van Basten]] and [[Ruud Gullit]], Rijkaard won the [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup]] twice (in [[European Cup 1988-89#Final|1989]] against [[Steaua Bucureşti|Steaua Bucharest]] and [[European Cup 1989-90#Final|1990]], against [[SL Benfica|Benfica]]) and the domestic [[Serie A]] championship twice. He was also believed to have apologized to Cruijff while at Milan. |
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Rijkaard's temperament though, was still in question, as became evident when he spat multiple times on [[Rudi Völler]] during the [[1990 FIFA World Cup]], which the Dutch entered as favourites. The [[Netherlands]] went on to lose the match, in a tournament that was marred by a pre-tournament coach change and an underperforming squad. Rijkaard's spitting on Rudi Völler earned him the media nickname of ''"the [[llama]]"'', and for Völler accusations of racism.<ref>{{es icon}} [http://www.fifa.com/es/news/index/0,1464,20495,00.html ¿Más que una mera costumbre repugnante?], ''FIFA.com'', January 16, 2001</ref> |
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Early jet aircraft such as the 707 and DC-8 seated passengers along either side of a single aisle, with no more than six seats per row. Larger aircraft would have to be longer, higher (i.e. double deck) or wider in order to accommodate the greater number of passenger seats. Engineers also realized that lengthening the fuselage would have resulted in aircraft that would be too long to be handled by airports, while having two decks created difficulties in meeting emergency evacuation regulations, which were extremely challenging provided the technology available at the time. These parameters left a wider fuselage as the best option: by adding a second aisle, the wider aircraft could accommodate as many as 10 seats across.<ref name="Wide_Body">{{cite book | last = Irving | first = Clive | title = Wide Body: The Making of the Boeing 747| publisher = Coronet | date = 1994 | id = ISBN 0 340 59983 9 }}</ref> |
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===Ajax return (1993–1995)=== |
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The first true wide-body airliner was the four-engine [[Boeing]] [[Boeing 747|747]], which made its debut in 1969 and remained the largest aircraft in regular passenger service until [[October 25]], [[2007]], when the [[Airbus A380]] entered commercial service. The main deck of the 747 features twin aisles and seats 10 abreast, while the upper-deck "hump" of the aircraft seats six abreast along a single aisle. The 747 fuselage is {{convert|256|in|m}} in diameter. |
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After five seasons in Italy, Rijkaard returned to Ajax in 1993. With [[Louis van Gaal]] at the helm, Rijkaard and [[Danny Blind]] formed the experienced defensive core of the Ajax team that won the first two of three consecutive Dutch Championships. Ajax were the unbeaten champions of the Netherlands in 1994–95 season and carried that success into Europe. In his final game, Rijkaard won the European Cup (which had been renamed as the Champions League) again, with a 1–0 victory over AC Milan in the [[UEFA Champions League 1994-95#Final|1995 final]] at the [[Ernst Happel Stadion]] in [[Vienna]]. |
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===International career (1981–1994)=== |
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Other wide-body aircraft soon followed, including the [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]] and the [[Lockheed L-1011 Tristar]] with a {{convert|237|in|m|sing=on}} diameter fuselage. In 1974, [[Airbus]] introduced the [[Airbus A300]], the first twin-engine wide-body jet. Subsequent commercial wide-body jets include (by greatest outside diameter): |
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On the international stage, Rijkaard made his debut for the Netherlands in 1981. He was part of the Dutch side that won [[1988 UEFA European Football Championship|Euro 88]] with a 2–0 win in the final over the [[USSR national football team|Soviet Union]], playing at center-back alongside [[Ronald Koeman]]. He won a total of 73 caps and scored 10 goals. Rijkaard also played for the Netherlands during the 1990 and 1994 FIFA World Cups and at [[1992 UEFA European Football Championship|Euro 92]]. |
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* [[Ilyushin Il-86]] (1980), {{convert|239|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Airbus A310]] (a shortened A300) (1982), {{convert|208|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Boeing 767]] (1982), {{convert|198|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[McDonnell-Douglas MD-11]] (1986), {{convert|237|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Ilyushin Il-96]] (1992), {{convert|239|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Airbus A330]]/[[Airbus A340|A340]] family (1994/1993), {{convert|222|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Boeing 777]] (1995), {{convert|244|in|m|sing=on}} |
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* [[Airbus A380]] (2007), {{convert|282|in|m|sing=on}} |
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Rijkaard was involved in an unsavoury incident with [[Rudi Völler]] when West Germany played the Netherlands in the 1990 World Cup. Rijkaard was booked for a bad tackle on Voller, as Rijkaard took up position for the free kick he spat in Völler's hair. Völler complained to the referee and was booked as well. From the resulting free kick, Voller then dived, according to himself to avoid a collision with Dutch Keeper Hans Van Breukelen, while others, notably Rijkaard and Van Breukelen, saw it as a dive in hopes for a penalty. Van Breukelen was angry at this but Rijkaard again confronted Völler by twisting his ear and stamping on his foot. Both Völler and Rijkaard were sent off but Rijkaard again spat in Völler's hair as they left the pitch and was rumoured to have repeated this on the touchline. The German press nicknamed him "[[Llama]]" for his spitting. |
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In addition, two new wide-body designs are currently in development or test mode: |
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* [[Boeing 787]] (2008) - the first large commercial aircraft to utilize a monolithic [[Composite material|composite]] fuselage and the planned replacement for the [[Boeing 767]]. The outside diameter of its fuselage is {{convert|227|in|m}}. |
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* [[Airbus A350]] (2012-2013) - the planned replacement for the [[Airbus A330]]/[[Airbus A340|A340]]. |
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At Euro 92 Rijkaard scored a late equalizer for the Netherlands in a 2–2 draw with Denmark at the semi final stage but the Dutch went out on penalties. He made his final appearance for the Netherlands in the 3–2 defeat against eventual winners [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] in the quarter-finals of the [[1994 FIFA World Cup]]. |
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== Design considerations == |
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==Managerial career== |
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[[Image:Airbus A380 cross section.svg|200px|thumb|Cross section of the [[Airbus A380]] with twin aisles on both decks]]Although a wide-body aircraft has a larger frontal area (and thus greater [[form drag]]) than a narrow-body aircraft of similar capacity, it has several advantages over its narrow-body counterpart: |
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[[Image:FrankRijkaard2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Frank Rijkaard]] |
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===KNVB (1998–2000)=== |
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* Lower ratio of surface area to volume, and thus (for equal volume) lower frictional drag |
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Rijkaard's coaching career began when he was appointed manager of the [[Netherlands national football team]] in 1998. He had previously served as an assistant coach, along with [[Johan Neeskens]] and [[Ronald Koeman]] under the managerial tenure of [[Guus Hiddink]]. At the time, he was not taken seriously as a manager because of his inexperience, but he was able to guide his national side to the [[2000 UEFA European Football Championship|Euro 2000]] semi-finals. The Netherlands played some of the best football of the tournament but lost their semi-final match to [[Italy national football team|Italy]] on penalties, and Rijkaard resigned immediately afterwards.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/euro2000/teams/holland/812243.stm "Rijkaard quits after semi-final loss"] BBC Sport, June 29, 2000 accessed March 13, 2006</ref> |
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* Twin aisles that accelerate loading and unloading/evacuation relative to a single aisle |
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* Wider fuselage that reduces the overall length of the aircraft, improving ground maneuverability and reducing the risk of tail strikes |
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* Greater under-floor freight capacity |
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* Better structural efficiency for larger aircraft than would be possible with a narrow-body design |
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===Sparta Rotterdam (2001–2002)=== |
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British and the Russian designers have proposed aircraft similar in configuration to the [[Vickers VC-10]] and [[Boeing 717]], but with a wide-body fuselage. The British [[BAC_Two-Eleven_and_Three-Eleven|Three-Eleven]] project never left the drawing board, while the Russian [[Ilyushin Il-86|Il-86]] wide-body proposal eventually gave way to a more conventional wing-mounted engine design, most likely due to the inefficiencies of mounting such a large engine on the aft fuselage. |
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During the 2001–02 season, he became manager of [[Sparta Rotterdam]] in the Dutch [[Eredivisie]], the oldest professional team in the country. Rijkaard enjoyed the down-to-earth atmosphere, although the club was not financially strong.<ref name="guardian">[http://football.guardian.co.uk/News_Story/0,1563,1417913,00.html?gusrc=rss "Big Interview: 'King of cool sits well amid frenzy of Camp Nou'"], by Donald McRae, ''The Guardian'', February 19, 2005</ref> Under his leadership, the club was [[relegated]] to the first division for the first time in its history, and he was fired as a consequence. |
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===FC Barcelona (2003–2008)=== |
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== Operating considerations == |
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Rijkaard was not out of a coaching role for long, and less than a year after leaving Sparta Rotterdam, he was appointed manager of [[FC Barcelona]] for the 2003–04 season. The season would prove to be a watershed for the club, but not without initial instability. Rijkaard arrived at the club as it entered a new phase, having elected a new President in [[Joan Laporta]] and a new managerial board, but with fans unhappy that Laporta had let English midfielder [[David Beckham]] snub the chance to join the club. For Rijkaard, the team he inherited, with the exception of new superstar signing [[Ronaldinho]] (who was the club's second choice after Beckham), also consisted of many underachieving players from the old guard and era that failed to meet the club and its fans' demands to match arch rival [[Real Madrid]]'s success in the early 2000s, having not won a trophy since 1999. ulan saçmalamayın ne fenerbahçesi:D:D |
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Rijkaard had a disappointing start at Barcelona that saw some sections of the club's fans call for his resignation, and he drew flak from the media when the team lost to Real Madrid in December 2003.<ref name="guardian"/> Rijkaard's resilience won through and from 2004 onwards, he achieved a massive turnaround, as the team went from strength to strength. Barcelona finished runners-up in [[La Liga]] in 2003–04, having been close to the relegation zone at one point in the earlier stages of the season. Rijkaard then took Barcelona to the next level as he phased out the old guard and rebuilt a new look side around Ronaldinho, with new players like [[Deco]], [[Samuel Eto'o]], [[Rafael Marquez|Rafa Marquez]] and [[Ludovic Giuly]], along with the ultimate uprising of some young players from the previous era formed in the club's youth teams (i.e. [[Víctor Valdés]], [[Carles Puyol]], [[Xavi]] and [[Andrés Iniesta]]). He eventually succeeded in turning around the fortunes of the club, with the strong support of Laporta, and within the next couple of years finally managed to win La Liga both in 2004–05 and in 2005–06. |
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Aircraft are categorised by [[ICAO]] according to the [[wake turbulence]] they produce. Because wake turbulence is generally related to the weight of an aircraft, these categories are based on weight—aircraft with a [[Maximum Takeoff Weight|maximum certificated take-off weight]] of {{convert|300000|lb|abbr=on}} or more are classed as Heavy; those between {{convert|15500|lb|abbr=on}} and {{convert|300000|lb|abbr=on}} are classed as Medium; and those below 15,500 lb (7,000 kg) are classed as Light. Due to their weight, all current wide-body aircraft are categorised as Heavy. |
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The lightest widebody aircraft ever built was the Airbus A300B1 with a maximum take-off weight of {{convert|291000|lb|abbr=on}}. |
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He became the first Barcelona coach to have won twice at Real Madrid's stadium [[Estadio Santiago Bernabéu|Santiago Bernabéu]], an achievement which even successful managers like [[Johan Cruijff]], [[Louis van Gaal]] and [[Luis Aragonés]] were unable to accomplish. His no nonsense policy on and off the field, and the sparkling football played by his team, have won him many plaudits and Rijkaard was among the five nominated coaches for [[UEFA]]'s Team of the Year 2005. On March 8, 2006 he was also honoured by UEFA for his contributions to the European Cup Competition throughout his career as player and manager.<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/uefa/Keytopics/kind=64/newsId=402801.html "Rijkaard takes acclaim"], UEFA Official Website, March 9, 2006 accessed March 13, 2006</ref> |
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The wake-turbulence category also is used to guide the [[Separation (air traffic control)|separation]] of aircraft—Heavy-category aircraft require greater separation behind them than do those in the Medium category, which in turn require more separation than aircraft in the Light category. In some countries, such as the [[United States]], it is a requirement to suffix a heavy aircraft's [[call sign#Aviation|call sign]] with the word "heavy" when communicating with [[Air traffic control|ATC]] in the [[Terminal Radar Service Area|Terminal Radar Area]]. If the aircraft is operating on an [[Area Control Center|Air Route Traffic Control Center]] (ARTCC) frequency, it is not required to append "heavy" at the end of its call sign. For example, flight UAL342 operated by [[United Airlines]] using a wide-body aircraft would use the call sign "United 342 Heavy" while operating in the United States. |
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[[Image:FC Barcelona NASA Jsc2006e33425.jpg|thumb|300px|Rijkaard with [[Xavi]], [[Ronaldinho]], and [[Carles Puyol|Puyol]].]] |
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==Solely wide-bodied fleets== |
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Rijkaard also achieved success on the European stage winning the 2005–06 Champions League with a [[2006 UEFA Champions League Final|2–1]] win against [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] in the final. Barcelona had been losing 1–0 for most of the match before his late tactical substitutions proved the decisive factor, as the introduction of [[Henrik Larsson]] and [[Juliano Belletti]] contributed directly to Barcelona's two goals. The win made him the only fifth individual to have won the European Cup both as a player and as a manager, alongside [[Miguel Muñoz]], [[Giovanni Trapattoni]], [[Johan Cruyff]], and [[Carlo Ancelotti]]. |
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After losing to [[Manchester United]] in the Semi-Final of the 2007/2008 [[UEFA Champions League]], Rijkaard was asked whether he would quit at the end of the season seeing as though he had not won anything for two successive seasons. Rijkaard replied: |
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Very few airlines have been economically successful operating a fleet consisting only of dual-aisle, wide-body aircraft. Four notable airlines with this fleet type (Singapore Airlines, Emirates Airline, Cathay Pacific Airways, and Air Tahiti Nui) are based in small countries or territories. [[Passenger airline]]s that operate an all wide-body fleet, and which are operated and owned as a single company (that is, without regional or low-cost subsidiaries that also operate narrow-body aircraft), include: |
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*[[Singapore Airlines]] |
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''"I have no intention of leaving. It would be different if the players were saying it is time for me to go but that is not the case"'' |
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*[[Emirates Airlines]] |
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*[[Cathay Pacific Airways]] |
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On May 1, 2008 it is reported that Frank Rijkaard allegedly confided to a colleague that he would be stepping down as [[FC Barcelona]] manager at the end of the season. But 24 hours later Rijkaard stated in a press conference that he has no intention of leaving Barcelona. <ref>{{cite web| title= Frank Rijkaard to leave Barca, says colleague|url =http://fourfourtwo.com/news/spain/8335/default.aspx|publisher= FourFourTwo|accessdate=2008-05-30}} </ref> |
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*[[Virgin Atlantic]] |
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*[[Air Tahiti Nui]] |
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On May 8, 2008, the day after Barcelona's dismal 4-1 defeat to arch rivals [[Real Madrid]], Barcelona´s president Joan Laporta announced that at the end of the 2007-2008 season, Frank Rijkaard will not longer be head coach of the first team. Laporta made the announcement after a board meeting; Rijkaard will be succeeded by [[Josep Guardiola]].<ref>{{cite web| title= Laporta anuncia el adiós de Rijkaard y la llegada de Guardiola|url =http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/castellano/noticies/futbol/temporada07-08/05/n080508104104.html}}</ref> Joan Laporta made it clear that Frank Rijkaard's achievements "made history" and praised him for his time at the club. |
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==Coaching philosophy and style== |
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As a coach, Frank Rijkaard's essential philosophy is to guide his team towards playing attack-minded football as a cohesive unit. In doing this, he believes a team can achieve the dual objectives of winning games and ensuring the audience's enjoyment of the spectacle. This follows in the best coaching traditions of Rijkaard's countrymen and forebears [[Rinus Michels]] and Johan Cruyff. In this light, it is notable that Michels coached both Cruyff and Rijkaard during their respective participations with the Dutch national team, and that Cruyff himself went on to coach Rijkaard. Nonetheless, Rijkaard believes in working within a contemporary football context and is not out to imitate the styles and tactics of past masters. In his own words: {{cquote|...you gain many impressions from the past. You still have it in your mind when you become a coach, and if something happens you can recall how it was dealt with. But I strongly believe that you cannot copy anyone. The decisions that a great coach made years ago will not necessarily work today.<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/newsfiles/381642.pdf "Interview: Frank Rijkaard] by Andy Roxburgh, ''The Technician: UEFA Newsletter for Coaches'', No. 31, January 2006 accessed March 13, 2006</ref>}} |
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Rijkaard has evidently learned to curb the quick temper of his playing days and is often a portrait of calm and stability in training and along the touchline. He rarely courts controversy in the media and is more apt now to promote a positive environment and let his team's play speak for itself when faced with intense rivalry or criticism.<ref>[http://football.guardian.co.uk/championsleague200506/story/0,,1725086,00.html "Rijkaard calls on Barcelona fans to show returning Mourinho some respect"] by Jon Brodkin, ''The Guardian'', March 7, 2006 accessed March 20, 2006</ref> |
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The tactics used during his tenure as manager of FC Barcelona best exemplify Frank Rijkaard's commitment to playing stylish attacking football. During the team's 2004–05 and 2005–06 campaigns, the coach frequently fielded a 4-1-2-2-1 formation, a system which encouraged the creativity of the players in the front third of the field and created optimal interplay between the midfielders and forwards during attacks. Within this system the four defenders also tended to play in a relatively high position on the pitch to support the midfield which frequently advanced to participate in the attack. The team generally focuses on maintaining possession in the opponents' half of the field, applying pressure in order to force the opposition to make errors in defense and offensive counter-attacking. |
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With regards to man-management and motivation, Rijkaard rejects the notion of a "star system" and promotes the idea that every one of his players is a valuable member of the team.<ref>[http://www.worldsoccer.com/interviews/frank_rijkaard_interview_62352.html Excerpt of an interview with Rijkaard], ''World Soccer'', March 2005</ref> He rarely praises one individual over another in the squad, although he has been known to acknowledge the outstanding contributions of a player within the context of a team performance. |
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==Honours== |
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===As player=== |
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*Ajax: |
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:[[Eredivisie|Dutch League]] 1982, 1983, 1985, 1994, 1995 |
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:[[Dutch supercup|Dutch Super Cup]] 1993, 1994 |
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:[[KNVB Cup]] 1983, 1986, 1987 |
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:[[UEFA Cup Winners' Cup]] 1987 |
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:[[UEFA Champions League]] 1995 |
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:[[European Super Cup]] 1995, |
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*AC Milan: |
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:[[Serie A|Italian League]] 1992, 1993 |
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:[[Italian Super Cup]] 1988, 1992 |
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:[[European Cup and Champions League history|European Cup]] 1989, 1990 |
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:[[European Super Cup]] 1989, 1990 |
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:[[Intercontinental Cup (football)|Intercontinental Cup]] 1989, 1990 |
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*Netherlands national team: |
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:[[1988 UEFA European Football Championship|European Championship 1988]] |
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===As manager=== |
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*FC Barcelona: |
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:[[UEFA Champions League 2005/2006]] |
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:[[La Liga]] Championship 2004/2005, 2005/2006 |
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:[[Spanish Super Cup|Spanish Supercup]] 2005, 2006 |
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===Individual=== |
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:[[Dutch Footballer of the Year]] 1985, 1987 |
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:[[Best Player Serie A|Italian League]] 1992, |
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==Career statistics== |
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{{Football player statistics 1|YY}} |
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{{Football player statistics 2|NED|YY}} |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1980-81|1980-81]]||rowspan="8"|[[AFC Ajax|Ajax]]||rowspan="8"|[[Eredivisie]]||24||4|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1981-82|1981-82]]||27||4|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1982-83|1982-83]]||25||3|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1983-84|1983-84]]||23||9|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1984-85|1984-85]]||34||7|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1985-86|1985-86]]||31||9|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1986-87|1986-87]]||34||7|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1987-88|1987-88]]||8||3|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 2|POR|YY}} |
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|- |
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|[[Portuguese Liga 1987-88|1987-88]]||[[Sporting Clube de Portugal|Sporting CP]]||[[Portuguese Liga]]||0||0|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 2|ESP|YY}} |
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|- |
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|[[La Liga 1987-88|1987-88]]||[[Real Zaragoza]]||[[La Liga]]||11||0|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 2|ITA|YY}} |
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|- |
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|[[Serie A 1988-89|1988-89]]||rowspan="5"|[[A.C. Milan|Milan]]||rowspan="5"|[[Serie A]]||31||4|||||||||||||||| |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Serie A 1989-90|1989-90]]||29||2|||||||||||||||| |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Serie A 1990-91|1990-91]]||30||3|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
|||
|[[Serie A 1991-92|1991-92]]||30||5|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Serie A 1992-93|1992-93]]||22||2|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 2|NED|YY}} |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1993-94|1993-94]]||rowspan="2"|[[AFC Ajax|Ajax]]||rowspan="2"|[[Eredivisie]]||30||10|||||||||||||||| |
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|- |
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|[[Eredivisie 1994-95|1994-95]]||26||2|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 3|4|NED}}262||58|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 4|POR}}0||0|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 4|ESP}}11||0|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 4|ITA}}142||16|||||||||||||||| |
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{{Football player statistics 5}}415||74|||||||||||||||| |
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|} |
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==Managerial stats== |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |
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|- |
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!rowspan="2"|Team |
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!rowspan="2"|Nat |
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!rowspan="2"|From |
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!rowspan="2"|To |
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!colspan="5"|Record |
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|- |
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!G!!W!!L!!D!!Win % |
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|- |
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|align=left|[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] |
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|{{flagicon|Spain}} |
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|align=left|July 2003 |
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|align=left|May 2008 |
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||209||128||38||43||61.24 |
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|} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.frankrijkaard.net/ Official website] |
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*{{soccerbase (manager)|id=1876|name=Frank Rijkaard}} |
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*[http://www.fcbarcelona.cat/web/english/futbol/temporada_07-08/plantilla/cos_tecnic/bio_frank_rijkaard.html Official Manager's Profile from www.fcbarcelona.cat] |
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*{{nl icon}} [http://www.ajax.nl/web/show/id=63608 AFC Ajax - Hall of Fame] |
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*{{nl icon}} [http://www.beijen.net/frank/cvs/rijkaard-f.htm Cv Frank Rijkaard] (career statistics) |
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*[http://www.soccerphile.com/soccerphile/managers/frank-rijkaard.html Frank Rijkaard profiled by Soccerphile] |
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*{{wvo|1018}} |
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{{start box}} |
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{{s-sports}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[Netherlands national football team|Dutch National]] Coach|before={{flagicon|NED}} [[Guus Hiddink]] |after={{flagicon|NED}} [[Louis van Gaal]]|years=1998–2000}} |
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{{succession box| |
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before={{flagicon|NED}} [[Willem van Hanegem]] (a.i.)| |
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title=[[Sparta_Rotterdam#Former_managers|Sparta Rotterdam]] Manager| |
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years=2001–2002| |
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after={{flagicon|NED}} [[Dolf Roks]]|}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[FC Barcelona]] Manager|before={{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Radomir Antić]] |after={{flagicon|Spain}} [[Josep Guardiola]] |years=2003–2008}} |
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{{s-ach|achievements}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[La Liga]] Winning Coach|before={{flagicon|Spain}} [[Rafael Benítez]] |after={{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Frank Rijkaard]]|years=2004-05}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[La Liga]] Winning Coach|before={{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Frank Rijkaard]] |after={{flagicon|Italy}} [[Fabio Capello]]|years=2005-06}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[Supercopa de España|Spanish Supercup]] Winning Coach|before={{flagicon|Spain}} [[Víctor Muñoz]] |after={{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Frank Rijkaard]]|years=2005}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[Supercopa de España|Spanish Supercup]] Winning Coach|before={{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Frank Rijkaard]] |after={{flagicon|Spain}} [[Juande Ramos]]|years=2006}} |
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{{succession box|title=[[UEFA Champions League]] Winning Coach|before={{flagicon|Spain}} [[Rafael Benítez]] |after={{flagicon|Italy}} [[Carlo Ancelotti]]|years=2005-06}} |
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{{start box}} |
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{{s-ach}} |
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{{succession box| |
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before={{flagicon|NED}} [[Johan Cruijff]]| |
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title=[[Dutch Footballer of the Year|Dutch Golden Shoe Winner]]| |
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years=1985| |
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after={{flagicon|NED}} [[Ruud Gullit]]|| |
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}} |
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{{succession box| |
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before={{flagicon|NED}} [[Ruud Gullit]]| |
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title=[[Dutch Footballer of the Year|Dutch Golden Shoe Winner]]| |
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years=1987| |
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after={{flagicon|NED}} [[Gerald Vanenburg]]|| |
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}} |
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{{end box}} |
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{{Netherlands Squad Euro 1988}} |
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== External links == |
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{{Netherlands Squad 1990 World Cup}} |
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* [http://www.airbus.com Official Airbus website] |
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{{Netherlands Squad 1992 UEFA Euro}} |
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* [http://www.boeing.com Official Boeing website] |
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{{Netherlands Squad 1994 World Cup}} |
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{{Netherlands Squad 2000 UEFA Euro}} |
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{{Netherlands national football team managers}} |
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{{FC Barcelona managers}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rijkaard, Frank}} |
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Revision as of 08:21, 11 October 2008
.jpg) | |||
| Personal information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Full name | Franklin Edmundo Rijkaard | ||
| Height | 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in) | ||
| Position(s) | (former Midfielder) now manager | ||
| ‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of May 30, 2006 | |||
Franklin Edmundo "Frank" Rijkaard (born September 30, 1962 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch football manager and former player. Rijkaard has played for AFC Ajax, Real Zaragoza and AC Milan, and represented his national side 73 times, scoring 10 goals. On May 8, 2008, it was announced he would leave his managerial post at F.C Barcelona at the end of the season and be replaced by Barcelona B coach Josep Guardiola. His mother is Dutch and his father is Surinamese.
Playing career
Ajax (1980–1987)
Rijkaard was just 17, when Ajax coach Leo Beenhakker gave him his senior squad debut August 23, 1980. He made an immediate impact, scoring for his team 0–3 in the 2–4 away victory over Go Ahead Eagles, the first league match in the 1980–81 season. He would play another 23 games for Ajax in his first season, netting a total of 4 goals. In 1981–82 he won his first Dutch Eredivisie championship with Ajax, and went on to successfully defend that title in the following 1982-83 season. Rijkaard stayed at Ajax for seven and a half seasons, as a central defender (1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85), a right midfielder and a central midfielder (1985–86). During this period he won the Dutch league championship three times (1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85) and the Dutch Cup (KNVB-Cup 3 times (1982–83, 1985–86, 1986–87). In the 1986–87 season he won the European Cup II (Cup Winners' Cup) with Ajax (Final: Ajax 1-0 Lokomotiv Leipzig). In September 1987, what would have been Rijkaard's third season (1987–88) under Dutch football legend Johan Cruyff as head coach, Rijkaard stormed off the training field and vowed never to play under him again. He was signed by the Portuguese club Sporting CP, but he signed too late to be eligible to play in any competition. He was immediately loaned out to Spanish team Real Zaragoza, but upon completing his first season at Zaragoza, was signed by Italian side AC Milan.
AC Milan (1988–1993)
His five seasons at Milan made him a legend. It was coach Arrigo Sacchi who saw Rijkaard as playing a pivotal role at Milan and transformed the central defender into a world class holding midfielder, where the Dutchman's aggressive and firm style would go on to influence the likes of Patrick Vieira to replicate in future years. Playing alongside fellow country-men Marco van Basten and Ruud Gullit, Rijkaard won the European Cup twice (in 1989 against Steaua Bucharest and 1990, against Benfica) and the domestic Serie A championship twice. He was also believed to have apologized to Cruijff while at Milan.
Rijkaard's temperament though, was still in question, as became evident when he spat multiple times on Rudi Völler during the 1990 FIFA World Cup, which the Dutch entered as favourites. The Netherlands went on to lose the match, in a tournament that was marred by a pre-tournament coach change and an underperforming squad. Rijkaard's spitting on Rudi Völler earned him the media nickname of "the llama", and for Völler accusations of racism.[1]
Ajax return (1993–1995)
After five seasons in Italy, Rijkaard returned to Ajax in 1993. With Louis van Gaal at the helm, Rijkaard and Danny Blind formed the experienced defensive core of the Ajax team that won the first two of three consecutive Dutch Championships. Ajax were the unbeaten champions of the Netherlands in 1994–95 season and carried that success into Europe. In his final game, Rijkaard won the European Cup (which had been renamed as the Champions League) again, with a 1–0 victory over AC Milan in the 1995 final at the Ernst Happel Stadion in Vienna.
International career (1981–1994)
On the international stage, Rijkaard made his debut for the Netherlands in 1981. He was part of the Dutch side that won Euro 88 with a 2–0 win in the final over the Soviet Union, playing at center-back alongside Ronald Koeman. He won a total of 73 caps and scored 10 goals. Rijkaard also played for the Netherlands during the 1990 and 1994 FIFA World Cups and at Euro 92.
Rijkaard was involved in an unsavoury incident with Rudi Völler when West Germany played the Netherlands in the 1990 World Cup. Rijkaard was booked for a bad tackle on Voller, as Rijkaard took up position for the free kick he spat in Völler's hair. Völler complained to the referee and was booked as well. From the resulting free kick, Voller then dived, according to himself to avoid a collision with Dutch Keeper Hans Van Breukelen, while others, notably Rijkaard and Van Breukelen, saw it as a dive in hopes for a penalty. Van Breukelen was angry at this but Rijkaard again confronted Völler by twisting his ear and stamping on his foot. Both Völler and Rijkaard were sent off but Rijkaard again spat in Völler's hair as they left the pitch and was rumoured to have repeated this on the touchline. The German press nicknamed him "Llama" for his spitting.
At Euro 92 Rijkaard scored a late equalizer for the Netherlands in a 2–2 draw with Denmark at the semi final stage but the Dutch went out on penalties. He made his final appearance for the Netherlands in the 3–2 defeat against eventual winners Brazil in the quarter-finals of the 1994 FIFA World Cup.
Managerial career
KNVB (1998–2000)
Rijkaard's coaching career began when he was appointed manager of the Netherlands national football team in 1998. He had previously served as an assistant coach, along with Johan Neeskens and Ronald Koeman under the managerial tenure of Guus Hiddink. At the time, he was not taken seriously as a manager because of his inexperience, but he was able to guide his national side to the Euro 2000 semi-finals. The Netherlands played some of the best football of the tournament but lost their semi-final match to Italy on penalties, and Rijkaard resigned immediately afterwards.[2]
Sparta Rotterdam (2001–2002)
During the 2001–02 season, he became manager of Sparta Rotterdam in the Dutch Eredivisie, the oldest professional team in the country. Rijkaard enjoyed the down-to-earth atmosphere, although the club was not financially strong.[3] Under his leadership, the club was relegated to the first division for the first time in its history, and he was fired as a consequence.
FC Barcelona (2003–2008)
Rijkaard was not out of a coaching role for long, and less than a year after leaving Sparta Rotterdam, he was appointed manager of FC Barcelona for the 2003–04 season. The season would prove to be a watershed for the club, but not without initial instability. Rijkaard arrived at the club as it entered a new phase, having elected a new President in Joan Laporta and a new managerial board, but with fans unhappy that Laporta had let English midfielder David Beckham snub the chance to join the club. For Rijkaard, the team he inherited, with the exception of new superstar signing Ronaldinho (who was the club's second choice after Beckham), also consisted of many underachieving players from the old guard and era that failed to meet the club and its fans' demands to match arch rival Real Madrid's success in the early 2000s, having not won a trophy since 1999. ulan saçmalamayın ne fenerbahçesi:D:D
Rijkaard had a disappointing start at Barcelona that saw some sections of the club's fans call for his resignation, and he drew flak from the media when the team lost to Real Madrid in December 2003.[3] Rijkaard's resilience won through and from 2004 onwards, he achieved a massive turnaround, as the team went from strength to strength. Barcelona finished runners-up in La Liga in 2003–04, having been close to the relegation zone at one point in the earlier stages of the season. Rijkaard then took Barcelona to the next level as he phased out the old guard and rebuilt a new look side around Ronaldinho, with new players like Deco, Samuel Eto'o, Rafa Marquez and Ludovic Giuly, along with the ultimate uprising of some young players from the previous era formed in the club's youth teams (i.e. Víctor Valdés, Carles Puyol, Xavi and Andrés Iniesta). He eventually succeeded in turning around the fortunes of the club, with the strong support of Laporta, and within the next couple of years finally managed to win La Liga both in 2004–05 and in 2005–06.
He became the first Barcelona coach to have won twice at Real Madrid's stadium Santiago Bernabéu, an achievement which even successful managers like Johan Cruijff, Louis van Gaal and Luis Aragonés were unable to accomplish. His no nonsense policy on and off the field, and the sparkling football played by his team, have won him many plaudits and Rijkaard was among the five nominated coaches for UEFA's Team of the Year 2005. On March 8, 2006 he was also honoured by UEFA for his contributions to the European Cup Competition throughout his career as player and manager.[4]
Rijkaard also achieved success on the European stage winning the 2005–06 Champions League with a 2–1 win against Arsenal in the final. Barcelona had been losing 1–0 for most of the match before his late tactical substitutions proved the decisive factor, as the introduction of Henrik Larsson and Juliano Belletti contributed directly to Barcelona's two goals. The win made him the only fifth individual to have won the European Cup both as a player and as a manager, alongside Miguel Muñoz, Giovanni Trapattoni, Johan Cruyff, and Carlo Ancelotti.
After losing to Manchester United in the Semi-Final of the 2007/2008 UEFA Champions League, Rijkaard was asked whether he would quit at the end of the season seeing as though he had not won anything for two successive seasons. Rijkaard replied:
"I have no intention of leaving. It would be different if the players were saying it is time for me to go but that is not the case"
On May 1, 2008 it is reported that Frank Rijkaard allegedly confided to a colleague that he would be stepping down as FC Barcelona manager at the end of the season. But 24 hours later Rijkaard stated in a press conference that he has no intention of leaving Barcelona. [5]
On May 8, 2008, the day after Barcelona's dismal 4-1 defeat to arch rivals Real Madrid, Barcelona´s president Joan Laporta announced that at the end of the 2007-2008 season, Frank Rijkaard will not longer be head coach of the first team. Laporta made the announcement after a board meeting; Rijkaard will be succeeded by Josep Guardiola.[6] Joan Laporta made it clear that Frank Rijkaard's achievements "made history" and praised him for his time at the club.
Coaching philosophy and style
As a coach, Frank Rijkaard's essential philosophy is to guide his team towards playing attack-minded football as a cohesive unit. In doing this, he believes a team can achieve the dual objectives of winning games and ensuring the audience's enjoyment of the spectacle. This follows in the best coaching traditions of Rijkaard's countrymen and forebears Rinus Michels and Johan Cruyff. In this light, it is notable that Michels coached both Cruyff and Rijkaard during their respective participations with the Dutch national team, and that Cruyff himself went on to coach Rijkaard. Nonetheless, Rijkaard believes in working within a contemporary football context and is not out to imitate the styles and tactics of past masters. In his own words:
...you gain many impressions from the past. You still have it in your mind when you become a coach, and if something happens you can recall how it was dealt with. But I strongly believe that you cannot copy anyone. The decisions that a great coach made years ago will not necessarily work today.[7]
Rijkaard has evidently learned to curb the quick temper of his playing days and is often a portrait of calm and stability in training and along the touchline. He rarely courts controversy in the media and is more apt now to promote a positive environment and let his team's play speak for itself when faced with intense rivalry or criticism.[8]
The tactics used during his tenure as manager of FC Barcelona best exemplify Frank Rijkaard's commitment to playing stylish attacking football. During the team's 2004–05 and 2005–06 campaigns, the coach frequently fielded a 4-1-2-2-1 formation, a system which encouraged the creativity of the players in the front third of the field and created optimal interplay between the midfielders and forwards during attacks. Within this system the four defenders also tended to play in a relatively high position on the pitch to support the midfield which frequently advanced to participate in the attack. The team generally focuses on maintaining possession in the opponents' half of the field, applying pressure in order to force the opposition to make errors in defense and offensive counter-attacking.
With regards to man-management and motivation, Rijkaard rejects the notion of a "star system" and promotes the idea that every one of his players is a valuable member of the team.[9] He rarely praises one individual over another in the squad, although he has been known to acknowledge the outstanding contributions of a player within the context of a team performance.
Honours
As player
- Ajax:
- Dutch League 1982, 1983, 1985, 1994, 1995
- Dutch Super Cup 1993, 1994
- KNVB Cup 1983, 1986, 1987
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1987
- UEFA Champions League 1995
- European Super Cup 1995,
- AC Milan:
- Italian League 1992, 1993
- Italian Super Cup 1988, 1992
- European Cup 1989, 1990
- European Super Cup 1989, 1990
- Intercontinental Cup 1989, 1990
- Netherlands national team:
As manager
- FC Barcelona:
- UEFA Champions League 2005/2006
- La Liga Championship 2004/2005, 2005/2006
- Spanish Supercup 2005, 2006
Individual
- Dutch Footballer of the Year 1985, 1987
- Italian League 1992,
Career statistics
Template:Football player statistics 1 Template:Football player statistics 2 |- |1980-81||rowspan="8"|Ajax||rowspan="8"|Eredivisie||24||4|||||||||||||||| |- |1981-82||27||4|||||||||||||||| |- |1982-83||25||3|||||||||||||||| |- |1983-84||23||9|||||||||||||||| |- |1984-85||34||7|||||||||||||||| |- |1985-86||31||9|||||||||||||||| |- |1986-87||34||7|||||||||||||||| |- |1987-88||8||3|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 2 |- |1987-88||Sporting CP||Portuguese Liga||0||0|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 2 |- |1987-88||Real Zaragoza||La Liga||11||0|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 2 |- |1988-89||rowspan="5"|Milan||rowspan="5"|Serie A||31||4|||||||||||||||| |- |1989-90||29||2|||||||||||||||| |- |1990-91||30||3|||||||||||||||| |- |1991-92||30||5|||||||||||||||| |- |1992-93||22||2|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 2 |- |1993-94||rowspan="2"|Ajax||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||30||10|||||||||||||||| |- |1994-95||26||2|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 3262||58|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 40||0|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 411||0|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 4142||16|||||||||||||||| Template:Football player statistics 5415||74|||||||||||||||| |}
Managerial stats
| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G | W | L | D | Win % | ||||
| Barcelona | 
|
July 2003 | May 2008 | 209 | 128 | 38 | 43 | 61.24 |
References
- ^ Template:Es icon ¿Más que una mera costumbre repugnante?, FIFA.com, January 16, 2001
- ^ "Rijkaard quits after semi-final loss" BBC Sport, June 29, 2000 accessed March 13, 2006
- ^ a b "Big Interview: 'King of cool sits well amid frenzy of Camp Nou'", by Donald McRae, The Guardian, February 19, 2005
- ^ "Rijkaard takes acclaim", UEFA Official Website, March 9, 2006 accessed March 13, 2006
- ^ "Frank Rijkaard to leave Barca, says colleague". FourFourTwo. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- ^ "Laporta anuncia el adiós de Rijkaard y la llegada de Guardiola".
- ^ "Interview: Frank Rijkaard by Andy Roxburgh, The Technician: UEFA Newsletter for Coaches, No. 31, January 2006 accessed March 13, 2006
- ^ "Rijkaard calls on Barcelona fans to show returning Mourinho some respect" by Jon Brodkin, The Guardian, March 7, 2006 accessed March 20, 2006
- ^ Excerpt of an interview with Rijkaard, World Soccer, March 2005
External links
- Official website
- Frank Rijkaard management career statistics at Soccerbase
- Official Manager's Profile from www.fcbarcelona.cat
- Template:Nl icon AFC Ajax - Hall of Fame
- Template:Nl icon Cv Frank Rijkaard (career statistics)
- Frank Rijkaard profiled by Soccerphile
- Frank Rijkaard at Wereld van Oranje (archived) (in Dutch)
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- Surinamese people of Black African descent
- Dutch expatriate footballers
- Dutch footballers
- Netherlands international footballers
- AFC Ajax players
- Real Zaragoza footballers
- A.C. Milan players
- Serie A players
- La Liga footballers
- Eredivisie players
- Expatriate footballers in Italy
- UEFA Euro 1988 players
- 1990 FIFA World Cup players
- 1994 FIFA World Cup players
- UEFA Euro 1992 players
- UEFA European Football Championship-winning players
- Football (soccer) central defenders
- Dutch football managers
- Netherlands national football team managers
- UEFA Euro 2000 managers
- Sparta Rotterdam managers
- FC Barcelona managers
- Eredivisie managers
- La Liga managers
- FIFA 100
- Dutch people of Surinamese descent
- People from Amsterdam
- 1962 births
- Living people
- Dutch expatriates in Italy