Johan Cruyff

Johan Cruyff
Johan Cruyff (1974)
Personnel
Surname	Hendrik Johannes Cruyff
birthday	April 25, 1947
place of birth	Amsterdam ,  Netherlands
date of death	March 24, 2016
Place of death	Barcelona ,  Spain
size	178 cm
position	Midfield , storm
Juniors
Years	station
1959-1964	Ajax Amsterdam
Men's
Years	station	Games (goals) 1
1964-1973	Ajax Amsterdam	239 (190)
1973-1978	FC Barcelona	143 0(48)
1979	Los Angeles Aztecs	27 0(14)
1980-1981	Washington diplomats	32 0(12)
1981	Levante UD	10 00(2)
1981-1983	Ajax Amsterdam	36 0(14)
1983-1984	Feyenoord Rotterdam	33 0(11)
National team
Years	selection	Games (goals) 2
1966-1977	Netherlands	48 0(33)
Stations as a trainer
Years	station
1985-1988	Ajax Amsterdam
1988-1996	FC Barcelona
2009-2013	Catalonia
1 Only league games are given. Status: end of career 2 Status: end of career

Hendrik Johannes "Johan" Cruyff ( Johan Cruiff ^{? / I} ; anglicised by Cruijff ; born April 25, 1947 in Amsterdam , Netherlands ; † March 24, 2016 in Barcelona , Spain ) was a Dutch football player and coach, as well as an official and consultant in football .

He won the Dutch championship nine times (1965/66, 1966/67, 1967/68, 1969/70, 1971/72, 1972/73, 1981/82, 1982/83, 1983/84), six times the Dutch Cup ( 1966 / 67 , 1969/70 , 1970/71 , 1971/72 , 1982/83 , 1983/84 ) and once the Intertoto Cup ( 1968 ). In addition, he won the European Champion Clubs' Cup three times ( 1971 , 1972 , 1973 ) and twice the European Supercup ( 1972 , 1973 ) and once the World Cup ( 1972 ). With FC Barcelona he won the Spanish Championship ( 1973/74 ) and the Spanish Cup ( 1977/78 ).

As captain of the Dutch national team, he took second place with her in the World Cup ( 1974 ) and third place in the European Championship ( 1976 ).

He was twice the top scorer in the Netherlands (1966/67 and 1971/72). Cruyff was also named three times European Footballer of the Year (1971, 1973, 1974), twice as best foreign player in Spain (1977, 1978) and once each for NASL Player of the Year (1979) and Footballer of the Year in the Netherlands ( 1984) elected. He was named Europe's 20th Century Footballer in 1999 . He was also included in Pelé's FIFA 100 list . He was considered a gifted playmaker and was the figurehead of Dutch football . Cruyff was the star of " total football " (totaalvoetbal) .

As a coach, he won the Dutch Cup twice (1986, 1987) and the European Cup Winners' Cup ( 1987 ) with Ajax Amsterdam . In Barcelona he shaped the La Masia youth academy initiated by Rinus Michels and formed the “Dream Team”, which won the 1992 European Cup for the first time . He also won the Spanish championship four times with FC Barcelona ( 1990/91 , 1991/92 , 1992/93 , 1993/94 ) and once each of the Spanish Cup ( 1990 ), the UEFA Super Cup ( 1992 ) and the European Cup Winners' Cup ( 1989 ).

Club career

Beginnings in football

In his youth, Hendrik Johannes Cruijff lived only a few minutes from the De Meer stadium , where the football club Ajax Amsterdam played its home games. The boy from a humble background quickly made the decision to become a footballer and joined the Ajax youth department at the age of twelve. There the young players were treated and trained according to the English model and the sport soon determined his entire daily routine. His father died in 1959 and Cruijff went into hiding at his mother's workplace after school at Ajax Amsterdam. He listened to the players talking and learned that there was money to be made in football, which only fueled his desire to become a professional. Ajax coach Vic Buckingham recognized Cruyff's talent, but also the deficits of the thin boy, the lack of strength and forced him to build muscle. Only when he was 15 was he able to get a corner kick in front of the goal.

Ajax Amsterdam (1964 to 1973)

Johan Cruyff (1965)

Cruyff as an Ajax player

On November 15, 1964, the 17-year-old Cruyff made his debut in the first division ( Eredivisie ) for Ajax Amsterdam. In the 1: 3 defeat against GVAV Groningen (since 1971 FC Groningen ) he scored the only goal of his team.

In the following season 1965/66 Cruyff was a professional player (his monthly salary was 120 guilders ), but in the boardroom the enthusiasm for the talent was limited. With a weight of only 60 kilograms, he was still considered too thin, but above all the functionaries of Cruyff's public cigarette consumption disliked.

When Rinus Michels became the new head coach in January 1965 , a new era began for Ajax Amsterdam and Johan Cruyff. The new coach believed in the skills of the offensive all-rounder, made him a regular player and trimmed Cruyff through daily strength exercises and forest runs. Michels completely turned the club structure upside down when he introduced training camps and the full-time professional, practiced team building with an iron hand and revolutionized tactics. He developed the concept of Voetbal Totaal : aggressive pressing and constant formation changes. The entire team should get involved in the attacking game and thus put the opponent under pressure. Tactically, the coach was an advocate of the offensive 4-3-3 system. The control center of this model was Johan Cruyff, who was nominally set up as a center forward , but appeared on the whole field and at the same time acted as playmaker, goalscorer and flanker. The elegant and light-footed exceptional player was the link between coach and team, who perfectly implemented Michel's tactical guidelines on the field. Even today, the timing of his passports is considered difficult to achieve, which is why an English journalist wrote of him that he played like the "Pythagoras of football."

He won the championship title with Ajax in 1966. The Voetbal Totaal was something completely new and sometimes presented the opponents with unsolvable tasks. Cruyff won the championship six times and the national cup four times with Amsterdam from 1966 to 1973 . The names of the players such as Johan Neeskens , Arie Haan , Ruud Krol , Johnny Rep or Piet Keizer stood for this new type of football game. The unrivaled superstar, however, was Johan Cruyff.

After a hip operation in the spring of 1970, Cruyff could not play again until October 30, 1970 against PSV Eindhoven . In this game he wore his legendary shirt number 14 for the first time because his team-mate Gerrie Mühren Cruyff's usual number 9 occupied. From that time on, he only wore the 14th

Voetbal Totaal also prevailed internationally: In 1969 Ajax lost 4-1 to AC Milan in the final of the European Cup , but two years later Panathinaikos Athens was defeated and the Ajacids took on Europe's football crown. The previously second-rate Dutch football had awakened from its slumber.

Even when coach Michels moved to FC Barcelona after this triumph , the successes continued. Under successor Ştefan Kovács , the team won two consecutive European Cups: 1972 was Inter Milan 2: 0 defeat (both goals by Cruyff) and 1973 Juventus 1: 0th Ajax was the world's best club team, winning the European Supercup (1972 and 1973) and the 1972 World Cup against Independiente Avellaneda . Since the “Royal” of Real Madrid , no other team in Europe has dominated European football as much as Amsterdam under “King Johan” , who was European Footballer of the Year in 1971, 1973 and 1974 .

Transfer to FC Barcelona (1973)

In the summer of 1973 the Spanish league opened its borders to foreign professionals. Barça coach Michels wanted to sign his model student in order to import his football philosophy. With this concern, he did not fall on deaf ears at Ajax. The relationship between Cruyff and Ajax was disrupted. The new coach Georg Knobel had the captain selected by the team, and the insignificant players in the squad rubbed against the arrogant dominance of the superstar. They voted him out and appointed Piet Keizer as the new captain, which made it clear to the offended Cruyff that he wanted to change clubs. The board of directors did not stand in the way of this project, waving a considerable transfer fee, and it was believed that they would be strong enough even without Cruyff.

Cruyff's manager, father-in-law Cor Coster , represented the star in the transfer negotiations and arranged the largest transfer in football history to date. For the transfer fee of 3.7 million DM , Cruyff switched to FC Barcelona, ​​who paid him 2.35 million DM (plus bonuses) for three years and provided a service villa. The player himself said he had chosen the Catalans and Real Madrid because he couldn't play for a club associated with Spanish dictator Franco .

After the Dutch association KNVB had finally given its approval (Cruyff had meanwhile threatened to end his career if he was not allowed to move to Spain), Cruyff arrived in Barcelona in October 1973.

FC Barcelona (1973 to 1978)

Cruyff in the jersey of FC Barcelona (1975)

Due to the transfer problem, Cruyff could only accumulate on the 7th match day of the 1973/74 season for Barça, which at that time occupied the penultimate place in the table. On October 28, 1973, he played his first league game against Granada CF and scored twice in the 4-0 victory. Cruyff's game was tailored to the mentality of the Catalans and the team. The turning point was initiated and his debut was to be the start of a streak of 24 unbeaten games (18 wins, six draws). With his change of pace, his variety and his creativity, the Dutch livened up the game Barças, and soon the team was at the top of the table. The coronation finally came in February 1974, when Real Madrid were humiliated 5-0 by Barcelona at the Estadio Santiago Bernabéu . The Catalans also celebrated this triumph as a victory over centralist Franco Spain. A true "Cruyffmania" was the result, and he became the national hero of Catalonia. Fans nicknamed him El Salvador (The Redeemer) . At the end of the season, Barça won the championship for the first time in 14 years, and Cruyff was named “ European Footballer of the Year ” for the third time . "

During his time at Barcelona he scored the so-called phantom goal. During the game against Atlético Madrid , Cruyff jumped in the air and scored the goal with his right heel (although the ball was already at the height of his neck) without seeing the ball.

But this high-altitude flight did not last. Although Cruyff was put by his congenial partner from the Ajax days with Johan Neeskens , but the two could not win another championship. The revitalized Real Madrid regained supremacy in Spanish club football, and Cruyff had to make do with three runners-up. When Hennes Weisweiler became the new coach for the 1975/76 season , he kept clashing with Cruyff. The German did not tolerate any other star next to him and held Cruyff against doing too little for the defensive in away games, which is why he banished him to the bench. After the championship season, the star had taken it easy, trained less and smoked more, but the fans took his side, and in the end Weisweiler had to leave. Under Cruyff's pressure, Rinus Michels returned to the dugout. In 1978 the idiosyncratic Dutchman won the Cup ( Copa del Rey ) with FC Barcelona and then surprisingly announced his retirement from active sport.

On May 28, 1978 Cruyffs farewell game was played at Camp Nou . He played one half each for Ajax Amsterdam and FC Barcelona. Another farewell game between Ajax Amsterdam and FC Bayern Munich on November 7, 1978 became an anecdote for football history and a debacle for the Dutch. Bayern, who felt they were being treated badly by the hosts, were highly motivated and won the game, which was actually intended as a friendly, 8-0.

Los Angeles Aztecs and Washington Diplomats (1979 to 1981)

Out of nowhere, Cruyff reappeared on the football stage in early 1979 when he signed a well-paid contract with the Los Angeles Aztecs . Cruyff followed old stars like Franz Beckenbauer , Gerd Müller , Giorgio Chinaglia or George Best in the North American professional league NASL , which was decried as the "operetta league " . Here he was voted NASL Player of the Year, and after a year in Los Angeles, he played another season for the Washington Diplomats .

Levante UD (1981)

Soon the diplomats ran into financial difficulties, which is why the enterprising Cruyff preferred to return to Europe . After an engagement with the English first division club Leicester City had smashed, he switched instead to UD Levante ( Segunda División ) in January 1981 . But injuries and disagreements with the club's management meant that the now 34-year-old only played ten games. When the club missed promotion, he was no longer able to raise the high salary for his star and let him go again in the summer of 1981.

Ajax Amsterdam (1981 to 1983)

Johan Cruyff with fans (1982)

For the second time, it seemed that Johan Cruyff's career was over. Even more so when he was introduced to Ajax Amsterdam on November 30, 1981 as a “technical advisor” by trainer Leo Beenhakker . However, the football world expected that he would soon be wearing the Ajacids' red and white jersey as a player. He returned on December 6, 1981. In the 4-1 win over FC Haarlem , he scored one goal. As an experienced playmaker, he led the team back to the top of the league , won the championship title in 1982 , and in 1983 even the " double ". When the club's management decided not to offer the now 36-year-old a new contract, Cruyff was disappointed and moved on to arch-rival Feyenoord Rotterdam .

Feyenoord Rotterdam (1983/84)

At Feyenoord, Cruyff reached an amazing top form at the end of his career and played an outstanding season that was crowned with championship and trophy. As an expression of his achievements, he was honored with the title of Dutch Footballer of the Year . As a midfield director, he had led the team excellently and supported young talents like Ruud Gullit .

On May 13, 1984 he finally ended his career in the game against PEC Zwolle .

Career in the national team

Johan Cruyff as captain of the Elftal (1974)

Cruyff (right) in the final of the 1974 World Cup against Berti Vogts

Cruyff's international career began on September 7, 1966. In the European Championship qualifier against Hungary in Rotterdam , the game ended 2-2. Equal in his second international match, he was his impulsive style of play undoing, as it the GDR - Referee Rudi Glöckner in the game against Czechoslovakia introduced 76 minutes from the square; thus he was the first Dutch player who was sent off in an international match. After a year ban by the association, he was only allowed to participate again on September 13, 1967. Cruyff was a harsh critic of the KNVB association, which he accused of not having participated in any world championships since 1938 due to a lack of professionalism . The second division of the national team bothered him . But the qualification for the 1970 World Cup was not made either.

Four years later, a qualified Oranje to the FIFA World Cup 1974 in Germany . Cruyff led the team into the finals as captain, and when Rinus Michels took over “Oranje” shortly before the start of the tournament , the hopes of the compatriots were high. Now the Voetbal Totaal found its way into the national team and the players who did not come from Ajax Amsterdam had to familiarize themselves with the system. The preliminary round ended without any problems as group winners, and the strong Dutch were then among the favorites for the World Cup. In the second final round, Oranje and Johan Cruyff probably reached the zenith of their skills. Argentina were defeated 4-0 (two Cruyff goals), the GDR with 2-0 and even defending champions Brazil with 2-0 (one Cruyff goal) put in their place. The football world was enthusiastic about the playful ease of these victories and raved about the Voetbal Totaal. The Netherlands were in the final, where they were the clear favorites against the DFB team . After the 1-0 lead, however, the German team won 2-1 and became world champions. Cruyff himself had taken out the penalty for the lead, but in the second half, he was of man-marker Berti Vogts almost off.

Between 1974 and 1976 the Netherlands played successfully in qualifying for the 1976 European Championship , in which four teams took part. They lost the semi-finals against Czechoslovakia, but won the game for third place against hosts Yugoslavia.

He played his last international game on October 26, 1977 in Amsterdam in the World Cup qualifier against Belgium (1-0). After he had already finished his international career , Ernst Happel, who was hired by the Dutch Football Association shortly before the 1978 World Cup in Argentina , wanted to persuade him to make a comeback at the World Cup, but without success. The exact reasons for this are still unknown today. In the spring of 2008, Cruyff stated in an interview that he had renounced the World Cup because of an attempted kidnapping in which he and his family were threatened with weapons.

In total, Johan Cruyff played 48 international matches in which he scored 33 goals and took his team onto the field 33 times as captain.

He also appeared twice for the Catalan football team; but he did not get any hits.

Title, achievements and awards as a player

society

• Dutch championship (9): 1965/66, 1966/67, 1967/68, 1969/70, 1971/72, 1972/73, 1981/82, 1982/83, 1983/84
• Dutch Cup (6): 1966/67 , 1969/70 , 1970/71 , 1971/72 , 1982/83 , 1983/84
• Intertoto Cup (1): 1968
• European Champion Clubs' Cup (3): 1971 , 1972 , 1973
• European Supercup (2): 1972 , 1973
• World Cup (1): 1972
• Spanish Championship (1): 1973/74
• Spanish Cup (1): 1977/78

National team

• World Championship : 2nd place 1974
• European Championship : 3rd place in 1976

Individual awards

• European footballers of the 20th century (1999)
• FIFA 100
• Top scorer of the Netherlands (2): 1966/67 (33 goals), 1971/72 (25 goals)
• Europe's Footballer of the Year (3): 1971, 1973, 1974
• Netherlands Footballer of the Year (1): 1984
• Best foreign player in Spain (2): 1977, 1978
• NASL Player of the Year (1): 1979

Season statistics

society	league	season	league		Cup		European Cup		Other		total
			Games	Gates	Games	Gates	Games	Gates	Games	Gates	Games	Gates
Ajax Amsterdam	Eredivisie	1964/65	10	4th	-	-	-	-	-	-	10	4th
		1965/66	19th	16	4th	9	-	-	-	-	23	25th
		1966/67	30th	33	5	5	6th	3	-	-	41	41
		1967/68	33	25th	5	6th	2	1	-	-	40	32
		1968/69	29	24	3	3	10	6th	-	-	42	33
		1969/70	33	23	5	6th	8th	4th	-	-	46	33
		1970/71	25th	21st	6th	5	6th	1	-	-	37	27
		1971/72	32	25th	4th	3	9	5	-	-	45	33
		1972/73	26th	16	-	-	6th	3	-	-	32	19th
		1973/74	2	3	-	-	-	-	-	-	2	3
total			239	190	32	37	47	23	-	-	318	250
FC Barcelona	Primera División	1973/74	26th	16	12	8th	-	-	-	-	38	24
		1974/75	30th	7th	12	7th	8th	0	-	-	50	14th
		1975/76	20th	6th	10	3	9	2	-	-	39	11
		1976/77	30th	14th	9	6th	7th	5	-	-	46	25th
		1977/78	28	5	7th	1	10	5	-	-	46	11
total			143	48	50	25th	34	12	-	-	227	85
Los Angeles Aztecs	NASL	1979	27	14th	-	-	-	-	-	-	27	14th
total			27	14th	-	-	-	-	-	-	27	14th
Washington diplomats	NASL	1980	27	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	27	10
total			27	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	27	10
Levante UD	Segunda División	1980/81	10	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	10	2
total			10	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	10	2
Washington diplomats	NASL	1981	5	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	5	2
total			32	12	-	-	-	-	-	-	32	12
Ajax Amsterdam	Eredivisie	1981/82	15th	7th	1	0	-	-	-	-	16	7th
		1982/83	21st	7th	7th	2	2	0	-	-	30th	9
total			275	204	40	39	49	23	-	-	364	266
Feyenoord Rotterdam	Eredivisie	1983/84	33	11	7th	1	4th	1	-	-	44	13
total			33	11	7th	1	4th	1	-	-	44	13
Career total			520	291	97	65	87	36	-	-	704	395

National team
year	Games	Gates
1966	2	1
1967	3	1
1968	1	-
1969	3	1
1970	2	2
1971	4th	6th
1972	5	5
1973	6th	6th
1974	12	8th
1975	2	-
1976	4th	2
1977	4th	1
total	48	33

Career as a coach

Ajax Amsterdam (1985 to 1988)

In the summer of 1985 Cruyff inherited his mentor Rinus Michels and took over the coaching position at Ajax Amsterdam as "Technical Director" . In doing so, he developed the tactical orientation that is still propagated today as the "Ajax system" and is considered a further development of the Voetbal Totaal. So he played in the 4-3-3 system, demanded high possession and excellent technical conditions. Attacking football was consistently played. In addition, Cruyff knew how to incorporate young players from the youth into the professional squad. Under his aegis, talents like Marco van Basten , Frank Rijkaard , Rob Witschge and Dennis Bergkamp became national players. In 1986 and 1987 he won the KNVB Cup with the team , in the championship he narrowly failed. In 1987 he celebrated the club's first international triumph in 14 years by winning the European Cup Winners' Cup (1-0 against 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig ).

FC Barcelona (1988 to 1996)

After a ten-year absence, El Salvador returned to Barcelona in 1988 and took over the coaching post. Cruyff devoted the first two years of his activity to reorganizing the relationship between club management and sporting leadership, implementing his tactical visions and building a personal architecture that could implement his football philosophy. In addition, he modernized Barça's youth system La Masia and made sure that the youth academy became a never-ending source of talented young players - a circumstance from which the club has benefited to this day.

First, Cruyff redesigned the squad according to his ideas, sorting out the stars Bernd Schuster and Gary Lineker . Instead, he relied on a mixture of talents from La Masia (e.g. Pep Guardiola , Albert Ferrer , Jordi Cruyff ) and the young stars Ronald Koeman , Michael Laudrup and Hristo Stoitchkov . In 1990 the renovation was complete, the hoped-for successes came about, and Johan Cruyff became the most successful Barça coach to date. In 1989 the European Cup Winners' Cup was brought to Catalonia (2-0 against Sampdoria Genoa ). From 1991 to 1994 the team won four consecutive championships, and in 1992 the club won the European Cup for the first time in its history (1-0 against Sampdoria Genoa). All of Europe raved about this “dream team” , which was considered to be the strongest team in the world in terms of play. Cruyff had refuted the prejudice that great players could not become great coaches.

The end of the "dream team" began in 1994 when the team was outclassed 0: 4 by AC Milan in the final of the Champions League . Cruyff realized that the team had passed its zenith, parted ways with some players ( Hristo Stoitchkov , Andoni Zubizarreta , Michael Laudrup ) and wanted to build a new team. But the relationship with the idiosyncratic President Josep Lluís Núñez was disturbed, as he increasingly interfered in Cruyff's transfer activities. On May 18, 1996 there was a meeting between Cruyff and Vice President Joan Gaspart , which ended with the coach's immediate suspension.

Catalonia (2009 to 2013)

In early November 2009, the Catalan football federation FCF (Federació Catalana de Futbol) announced the commitment Cruyffs for the national team of Catalonia, which was not recognized by FIFA , so he could only play friendly matches.

Titles, successes and awards as a trainer

Ajax Amsterdam

• Dutch Cup Winner (2): 1986, 1987
• European Cup Winners' Cup (1): 1987

FC Barcelona

• Spanish Champion (4): 1990/91 , 1991/92 , 1992/93 , 1993/94
• Spanish cup winner (1): 1990
• European Champion Clubs' Cup (1): 1992
• UEFA Super Cup winner (1): 1992
• European Cup Winners' Cup (1): 1989

Career as a functionary and consultant

Johan Cruyff (2009)

Ajax Amsterdam

In 2008, Ajax announced the return of Johan Cruyff to the club, where he should help rebuild the troubled record champions as a new strong man. As one of his first acts, he helped bring his former student Marco van Basten to the Amstel as the new head coach. But Cruyff turned down an official post as manager or sports director. After van Basten the speed with which he wanted to redesign the youth department was too fast, Cruyff ended the consultancy work again. In June 2011 he returned to Ajax as a member of the board of directors responsible for sporting matters. He brought many formerly successful footballers back into various positions, especially in the coaching staff of the football school. Cruyff enjoyed the support of the fans and the coaching staff, but there were always tensions with other Ajax officials. When his supervisory board colleagues passed Cruyff over and wanted to appoint Louis van Gaal as managing director, it escalated towards the end of 2011 and ended in February 2012 with the resignation of the entire supervisory board, interim managing director Martin Sturkenboom and sports director Danny Blind .

Johan Cruyff (2009)

FC Barcelona

In March 2010, the club management of FC Barcelona under the outgoing President Joan Laporta announced the appointment of Johan Cruyff as Honorary President of the Catalan club. After the election of Sandro Rosell as Laporta's successor, however, he revoked the appointment in July 2010 and raised difficulties with the association's statutes, which did not provide for such an office. Instead, the socios of the association would first have to vote on the creation of the office and then on the appointment of Cruyff. Cruyff called the procedure "a circus" and gave thanks. In 2011, he criticized FC Barcelona for no longer respecting the principles that previously applied. Shirt sponsorship has been introduced and local roots in Catalonia are being neglected. Contract loyalty and honest communication have also been lost, which endangers the emotional bond with the club. As an example, Cruyff cited a foundation he set up in Catalonia, which, despite a contract that was valid according to Cruyff, no longer received any support from FC Barcelona. Cruyff, however, continued a long friendship with Pep Guardiola.

biography

Hendrik Johannes Cruijff was born on April 25, 1947 in Amsterdam , the son of the greengrocer Cornelis Cruijff and his wife Petronella Bernarda Draaijer . "Johan" grew up in the Betondorp settlement in the east of the city. When his father died of a heart attack in 1959 , his mother had to close the greengrocer and finally found a new job as a cleaning and canteen lady at Ajax Amsterdam. Cruijff dropped out of school at the age of thirteen despite harsh criticism from his mother. He married Danny Coster on December 2, 1968; the marriage lasted until his death and was considered happy. The couple had three children, including the footballer Jordi Cruyff . Cruyff's son Jordi was named after the patron saint of Catalonia. This Catalan naming was forbidden in Franco Spain at the time, but Cruyff ignored the official orders and had the name registered in the Netherlands. This open rebellion contributed to its cult status in Catalonia and its veneration as El Salvador . Jordi later played for FC Barcelona under his father. In 1969 Johan Cruyff reached number 21 on the Dutch charts with Oei oei oei (Dat was me weer een loei) by producer Peter Koelewijn . In 1996, the Dutch Supercup (match between champions and cup winners before the start of the season) was named after Johan Cruyff and bears the name Johan Cruyff bowl (Johan Cruijff Schaal) . In 1999 he was named "Knight of the Legion of Honor". In honor of Johan Cruyff, the Johan Cruijff Prijs has been awarded annually since 2003 for the best Dutch young footballer. In honor of his 60th birthday on April 25, 2007, his former club Ajax Amsterdam announced that they would no longer wear the number 14 shirt. In 2010 the asteroid (14282) Cruijff was named after him. Even as a teenager, Johan Cruyff was a chain smoker (at times 80 cigarettes a day) - a vice that he never gave up as a professional. He is said to have smoked during half-time breaks. In February 1991 he suffered a heart attack and had bypass surgery . After that, he stopped smoking and took part in anti-smoking campaigns. In October 2015, Cruyff's disease of lung cancer became known. He died of the consequences on March 24, 2016 at the age of 68. In the days and weeks that followed, his achievements were recognized worldwide. At the international matches at the end of March, a minute of silence was set in all stadiums - sometimes in the 14th minute of the game as a reference to his shirt number as a player. The trade journal France Football dedicated a 42-page "Spécial" to him. Franz Beckenbauer once said of Johan Cruyff: “Johan was the better player, but I'm world champion.” The Johan Cruyff Arena (formerly Amsterdam Arena ), home of Ajax Amsterdam, has been named after him since the 2018/19 season . FC Barcelona named the Estadi Johan Cruyff , in which the youth teams and the women's team will play their home games from November 2018, after Johan Cruyff.

music

The 2020 work Un Momento Dado by the Dutch composer Johan de Meij is an ode to the life and work of Cruyff.

literature

• Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling : The king and his game. Johan Cruyff and world football. The workshop, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-89533-845-8 .
• Dietrich Schulze-Marmeling: BARÇA or: The art of beautiful play. The workshop, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-89533-720-8 .
• Hardy Greens : Football World Cup encyclopedia 1930 to 2010. Agon, Kassel 2006, ISBN 3-89784-290-4 .
• Tom Bender and Ulrich Kühne-Hellmessen: Crazy European Cup. Weltbild, Augsburg 2003, ISBN 3-8289-2003-9 .
• David Winner: Oranje brilliant, the neurotic genius of Dutch football. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2008, ISBN 978-3-462-03994-8 .

Web links

Commons : Johan Cruyff  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Johan Cruyff in the catalog of the German National Library
• Johan Cruyff website ( memento of March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (Dutch)
• We know a Cruyff - but who is Cruijff, please? in welt.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Johan Cruyff . In: Goal . Retrieved February 6, 2019.
2. ↑ Football legend Johan Cruyff is dead. In: FOCUS Online. Retrieved March 24, 2016 . 
3. ↑ World Cup star 1974: Cruyff leads "Oranje" into the final . DFB - German Football Association. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
4. ^ The Barcelona Academy , Fifa World, April 6, 2011.
5. ↑ ^{a b} Huba, Karl-Heinz (Ed.): Football World History From 1846 to Today, Copress Verlag, Munich, 1996, p. 369
6. ↑ Inside Sport. Johan Cruyff , accessed on March 8, 2014. The original of the quote from David Miller, sports reporter for The Times , which was so in German , was “Pythagoras in boots” . Also in: Rob Steen u. a. (Ed.): The Cambridge Companion to Football , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2013.
7. ↑ Cf. 11 Friends: The sacrilege
8. ↑ See Spiegel Online, Die irrsten Kicker-Momente
9. ↑ Cruyff: 1978 World Cup waiver due to attempted kidnapping , t-online Sport from April 16, 2008, viewed on October 29, 2010.
10. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20140809165543/http://www.cruyff.com/asp/ned/info.asp?page=speler
11. ^ Johan Cruyff answers distress call from the club where legend was created . timesonline.co.uk. February 21, 2008. Archived from the original on May 11, 2008. Retrieved on April 2, 2016.
12. ↑ Van Basten becomes Ajax coach . kicker online. February 22, 2008. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
13. ^ Johan Cruyff: Ajax set Marco up for failure! ( English ) netherlands.worldcupblog.org. July 1, 2009. Archived from the original on December 30, 2013. Retrieved on April 2, 2016.
14. ^ Cruyff pulls out of Ajax youth revamp ( Memento of August 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), March 7, 2008.
15. ↑ Cruijff en Davids benoemd in bestuur Ajax , Volkskrant, 6 June 2011.
16. ^ The soap opera about Johan Cruyff and Louis van Gaal , Zeit Online, December 12, 2012.
17. ↑ Sports director and supervisory board resign , Spiegel, February 9, 2012.
18. ^ Johan Cruyff named Honorary President . fcbarcelona.cat. March 26, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
19. ^ Johan Cruyff stripped of Barcelona honorary president title . In: The Guardian , July 2, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2016. 
20. ↑ Cruyff unimpressed by Barca "circus" . ESPNFC.com. July 10, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2016.
21. ^ Johan Cruyff: "Veo cosas raras en Rosell que hacen sospechar. ¿Qué club quiere?" , El Periodico, September 5, 2011.
22. ↑ Details about the single on the Peter Koelewijns website, viewed on September 17, 2010.
23. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 72199
24. ↑ spiegel.de October 22, 2015: Johan Cruyff suffers from lung cancer
25. ↑ http://cruyff.com
26. ^ "Plus qu'un joueur - L'incroyable story d'un génie" in France Football of March 29, 2016
27. ↑ kicker.de: Two years after his death, the Dutch football legend Johan Cruyff is given a special honor. Article dated April 5, 2018
28. ↑ https://calefax.nl/en/projects/the-marine-band-of-the-royal-navy-johan-de-meij/