Branná

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Branná
Branná coat of arms
Branná (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Olomoucký kraj
District : Šumperk
Area : 1456 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 9 '  N , 17 ° 1'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 9 '11 "  N , 17 ° 0' 41"  E
Height: 633  m nm
Residents : 267 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 788 25
License plate : M.
traffic
Street: Hanušovice - Jeseník
Railway connection: Hanušovice – Głuchołazy
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Marcela Kozáková (as of 2018)
Address: Branná 23
788 25 Branná
Municipality number: 526169
Website : www.obecbranna.cz

Branná , until 1948 Kolštejn ( German Goldenstein ) is a municipality in the Okres Šumperk in the Czech Republic .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located in the Sudetes , about five kilometers east of Staré Město ( Moravian Old Town ). It is located between the Bielen and Altvater Mountains in the Goldensteiner Bergland on the right-hand side above the Branná river ( Mittelbordbach ). To the east rise the Trojak ( Schlegel , 1044 m), Polom (1126 m), Černá stráň ( Schwarzleithe , 1236 m) and Štolný hřbet ( Stollekamm , 882 m). To the north of the place there are bunker lines of the Czechoslovak Wall .

Community structure

No districts are shown for the municipality of Branná. Branná includes the settlements Dolce ( Grund ), Nová Branná ( Hellstone ), Splav ( Rafts ), Přední Alojzov ( Front Aloisdorf ) and Zadní Alojzov ( Behind Aloisdorf ) as well as the desert area Mosazov (Brass hammer ).

Neighboring communities

Neighboring towns are Kronfelzov and Adamov in the north, Ostružná and Splav in the northeast, Zadní Alojzov, Přední Alojzov and Nová Branná in the east, Františkov and Nové Losiny in the south, Vikantice in the southeast, Šléglov in the east and Hajmrlov and Malé Vrbno in the northeast.

town hall

geology

The Goldensteiner marble was extracted from Branna , which was already valued as a valuable decorative stone at the time of the Danube Monarchy because of its remarkably gray-banded structure and fine-grained structure.

In stratigraphic terms, this marble is in the Devonian Vrbenská - group (Brannáer aliasing) from Moravo-Silesikum classified.

history

Goldenstein was founded around 1282. The place, located on an old trade route to Silesia , was first mentioned in writing in 1301 together with the castle as the property of the knight Hanß von Wustehube on Friedeberg . In 1325 Margrave Karl von Moravia made Goldenstein a free mountain town . At that time iron hammers existed in the Branná valley and gold and silver were dug on the gold dome located east of the valley. During the Hussite invasion of 1423, the last operating silver mine was devastated. In 1437 the gentlemen Zvolský von Zvole acquired the town and named themselves after him as von Zwole and Goldenstein . In 1570 Goldenstein received market rights. From 1575 Goldenstein belonged to the Lords of Zierotin and in 1581 Hynko the Elder from Würben and Freudenthal bought the town. The heirs of Hynko the Younger von Würben sold Goldenstein in 1615 to Johann von Peterswald. After the Battle of the White Mountain, he lost his property and in 1622 Karl von Liechtenstein received Goldenstein as a crown fief. In 1771 there were 706 people living in the city. The village of Aloisdorf was founded under Alois von Liechtenstein in 1783 and named after the prince.

In the town fire of 1850, both the town archive and the church were destroyed. After the abolition of patrimonial formed Goldstein / Koldštýn 1850 with the districts Aloisdorf / Aloisov , brass hammer / Mosazné Hamry and Grund / Grunt a town in the district of Šumperk . In the second half of the 19th century, the Graphitwerke Buhl-Alberti AG in Mährisch old town resumed the extinct mining industry. A graphite tunnel was built between Kronfelsthal and Schlögelsdorf . In 1888 the railway from Hannsdorf to Ziegenhals started operating. In 1921 the Czech name Kolštejn was born and the population was 911, including 16 Czechs. In 1925 the castle burned down again. In 1930 Goldenstein had 1,331 inhabitants, of which 1,239 belonged to the German ethnic group, the remaining 72 were Czechs.

Through the Munich Agreement , the city was assigned to the German Reich in 1938 and until 1945 belonged to the district of Mährisch Schönberg , administrative district of Troppau , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland . In 1939 the city had 1180 inhabitants. After the end of World War II the majority of German residents from Goldstein were sold .

In 1946 the municipality Kolštejn was renamed Branná and the number of inhabitants fell to 421. In 1948 the town charter was not renewed.

Population development

Population development
year Residents Remarks
1900 1,375 German residents
1930 1,331
1939 1,180

Culture and sights

Bailiwick
  • Burgruine Kolštejn ( Goldstein ), the remains of a Gothic castle dating from 1350
  • Branná Castle ruins, the renaissance castle was built between 1575 and 1613 for the Counts of Würben in place of the outer bailey of Goldenstein Castle. It burned down in 1770. In 1925 the castle was destroyed again by fire and until 1926 it belonged to the Liechtenstein family .
  • Church of the Archangel Michael, built between 1612 and 1614 as the Church of the Bohemian Brethren and extended by a tower between 1690 and 1694.
  • Cemetery chapel
  • Bailiwick, Renaissance building from 1608
  • Market fountain
  • Rectory
  • Watermill
  • Marterl on the road to Vikantice
  • Museum in the “U Trati” bunker, north of the village near Splav

Sons and daughters of the church

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. ^ Mojmír Opletal (ed.): Geologická mapa ČR, List 14-24 Bělá pod Pradědem. Měřítko 1:50 000. Český Geologický Ústav, Praha 1997.
  3. ↑ Goldenstein . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 8, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, p.  97 .
  4. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sud_mschoenberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).

Web links