Libina
| Libina | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Olomoucký kraj | ||||
| District : | Šumperk | ||||
| Area : | 2726 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 53 ' N , 17 ° 5' E | ||||
| Height: | 269 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 3,289 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 788 05 | ||||
| License plate : | M. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Uničov - Šumperk | ||||
| Railway connection: | Šternberk - Šumperk | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Aleš Skála (as of 2019) | ||||
| Address: | Libina 523 788 05 Libina |
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| Municipality number: | 539961 | ||||
| Website : | www.ou-libina.cz | ||||
Libina (German Liebau ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers southeast of Šumperk and belongs to the Okres Šumperk . The municipality was created in 1961 through the merger of the municipalities Dolní Libina, Horní Libina and Obědné.
geography
Libina stretches for eight kilometers along the Libinský potok and Mladoňovský potok to the Oskava from the Úsovská vrchovina ( Ausseer hill country ) to the Hornomoravský úval ( Upper Moravian valley ). To the southwest rise the Bradlo ( Bradlstein , 600 m) and the Tří Kameny ( Dreistein , 558 m), in the east the Brdo (497 m).
Neighboring towns are Mladoňov and Václavov in the north, Oskava and Mostkov in the north-east, Břevenec in the east, Šumvald in the south-east, Nová Hradečná and Lipinka in the south, Kamenná in the south-west, Nedvězí and Obědné in the west as well as Benkov, Dlouhomilabiná , Dolní Olešnšín in the north-west.
Municipal coat of arms
Since 2001 Libina has had a new municipal coat of arms, which was developed from the old seal with the parish church of St. George on a flat ground between two deciduous trees. The emblem, with the banner of the red George Cross on a white background in the paws of the golden lion, commemorates the consecration of the saint. The lion raised to the left refers to the coat of arms of the Šumvald (Schönwald) dominion. The lower half of the Libina shield, quartered in red and gold, represents the traditional red and gold coat of arms of the Liechtenstein family . The blue color field of the background in the upper half is supposed to symbolize the local creek Libinský potok , which flows through the whole place. The coat of arms represents a heraldically simplified version of the proposal drawn up by a municipal working group.
history
The village was first mentioned in a document in 1348, when it was connected to the Schönberg estates along with other places . In 1535 the Lords of Boskowitz bought the village on Aussee and added it to their rule. The place later came to Friedrich von Zierotin auf Blauda , who sold Liebau to the royal city of Unczow in 1568 . At that time a distinction was made between Liebau Dorf, Lhota and Seite. Since the 17th century, the parts of the village located on the German-Czech language border have been distinguished by the attributes German and Bohemian (or Moravská in Czech). The upper village was called Deutsch Liebau / Německá Libina because of its German settlement, while the lower part on the Oskava was called Böhmisch Liebau / Moravská Libina. In 1821 Norbert Langer founded a textile manufacture in Deutsch Liebau.
After the abolition of patrimonial German Liebau formed a community in the Mährisch Schönberg district from 1850 . Bohemian Liebau also formed its own political municipality, it belonged to the Littau district and from 1907 to the Sternberg district . In 1875 the wire mesh and wire mesh factory Zimmermann was founded. The Langersche mechanical spinning mill was established between 1886 and 1890 and had 900 employees between the world wars. In addition, the Kauer textile factory had existed since 1866. In 1890 two more were added with the Pabel and Federmann factories and in 1906 the Blaschek spinning mill was established. In addition, three quarries, two brickworks and three mills were operated in the village. In addition, the urban forest district of Mährisch Neustadt was located in Deutsch Liebau . In 1930 there were 4,224 people in the market town of Deutsch Liebau, 443 in Liebesdorf and 808 in Böhmisch Liebau.
After the Munich Agreement , all three were annexed to the German Reich in 1938. Deutsch Liebau and Liebesdorf belonged to the Mährisch Schönberg district until 1945 ; Bohemian Liebau to the district of Sternberg . In 1939, Böhmisch Liebau had 751 inhabitants, German Liebau 3909 and Liebesdorf 420. After the Second World War, the German inhabitants were expelled and Czechs settled again.
In 1947 Německá Libina was renamed Horní Libina and Moravská Libina in Dolní Libina. The status of Horní Libina as Městys was not renewed in 1948 and the place sank to the village. On January 1, 1960 the community Libina was formed, when Dolní Libina came from the dissolved Okres Šternberk to Okres Šumperk.
Community structure
The municipality Libina consists of the districts Dolní Libina ( Bohemian Liebau ), Horní Libina ( German Liebau ) and Obědné ( love village ).
Attractions
The village is included in the list of cultural heritage sites.
Parish Church of St. George
The Kostel sv.Jiří Church, consecrated to St. George , is a Baroque building from the 18th century, the architecture of which is reminiscent of the Church of the Virgin Mary Assumption ( Kostel Narození Panny Marie ) in Nový Malín (Frankstadt). The Liebau Church was added to the list of cultural monuments in 1958. It owes its baroque appearance to a radical extension in 1721. The foundation of the tower and possibly the floor plan of the church are of medieval origin. On the right side of the western tower front is a baroque statue of St. John of Nepomuk from the years 1715–1720, in a clear juxtaposition with the statue of the Virgin Mary , a baroque sculpture. In memory of the plague victims in the community, the original inscription contained the request for freedom from plague, hunger and war and indicated the year 1715 through highlighted letters.
The single-nave building ends in an indented pentagonal choir . The chancel is a barrel vault with three-part lunettes as a conclusion. Pilasters with Ionic capitals and stucco garlands with flowers and fruits serve as pillars . The simple exterior is flanked by two extensions, the choir chapel and the sacristy . A smaller extension houses a grotto with Jesus on the Mount of Olives .
The history of the furnishings is determined by multiple alterations, sales of sacred objects and works of art as well as new acquisitions and renovations, especially of the altarpiece of the side altar of St. George. According to Bohumil Samek , behind the main altar there is a painting of Saint George by Josef Jansa (1863) and remains of the original reredos with the wooden figures of Saints Peter and Paul and the sculpture of the Holy Trinity. The pulpit, the marble baptismal font ( 1725) and the altarpiece of the side altar of St. Anthony of Padua by Johann Christoph Handke (1725), which most likely comes from the church of Mladoñov (Bladensdorf), have been preserved from the original furnishings. The organ from around 1775 is the work of an unknown organ builder.
Crucifixion groups
- The calvary column near the church is a classicistic stone work from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. The cross with the crucified Christ forms the central axis, on the side brackets of which the figures of the Virgin Mary and the disciple John stand. The sculptures with their moving gestures and the folds of the robes contrast with the statics of the cross and the massive volutes with the tools of torture. On the base there are reliefs of Saint Rosalia .
- The small Calvary with a balustrade on the way to Dolní Libina is known as a unique Rococo sculpture. The monument shows the crucified Christ raised, flanked by the figures of Mother Mary and the Evangelist John on separate prismatic plinths with volutes . Mary Magdalene kneels on a raised cartouche at the foot of the cross . The individual figure elements combine to form a moving compositional overall picture, which is framed by a stone prayer bench, on the pillars of which figurative reliefs from the life of Christ are incorporated. The reverse bore the inscription in German: "Erected by Friderich Ridel in 1767".
- The cemetery cross was donated by the Josef Sawodny family from Liebesdorf on the occasion of the consecration of the new cemetery in 1836. The crucified Christ and Mary Magdalene kneeling on the rocky ground rest on a square base with a writing plate and triangular pediment, St. Mary and St. John are mounted on lower prismatic pedestals on which the Virgin Mary with the baby Jesus and St. Joseph with the child stand in flat, rounded niches. The monumental sculpture shows the form features of historicism.
- The Trinity Column , a classicist work from 1796, rises above a base with the reliefs of the Annunciation by the Archangel Gabriel and St. George. The Latin inscription on the base puts the village under the protection of the "Most Holy Trinity ".
Chapels
- The mausoleum in the now redesigned Liebauer Park, designed in the neo-baroque style by the academic sculptor Josef Obeth for the company boss Adolf Langer, who died in 1934, is a free-standing rotunda. The front is structured by a decorative wrought iron gate and pairs of flanking columns with simple capitals . They carry a split volute gable with a seated angel figure above the entrance. The bell-shaped roof dome is crowned by a lantern on which a cross is placed. The half-relief of the risen Christ rises above the sarcophagus inside the crypt , next to it is the marble bust of Adolf Langer.
- Kaplička Loučení , the Chapel of Farewell, not far from the parish garden is a chapel with a rectangular floor plan and a flat apse . The vaulted dome rests on four classic columns. In the upper half of the two-storey niche , Jesus' farewell from the Mother of God is depicted. Below is the stone figure of the plague saint Rosalia . The architecture and furnishings are original. The chapel was built in 1716 after the plague years, which claimed 74 victims, by Pastor Martin Georg Neugebauer out of gratitude for protection and help in severe need. During the plague, the priest celebrated church service in the sealed-off suburb in the St. Rochus Chapel ( Kaple Sv. Rocha ). Both plague chapels have been restored.
- Chapel in Dolní Libina
Secular buildings
- The former villa of the Langer family is a neo-renaissance building . After its first owner Robert Rupprecht, the building designed by the renowned architect Karl Seidl in 1886 is also referred to as Villa Rupprecht in scientific literature . Seidl was considered a widely respected architect who worked in the areas of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy , but also in Russia and Germany. The representative free-standing brick building with a rectangular floor plan follows the strict architectural principles of historicism with its symmetrically arranged components . On the east side there is a terrace with stone pillars and arcades supporting a balcony on the first floor. Semicircular niches are set into the southern and northern facades, in which there are allegorical female figures representing architecture, sculpture, painting and music. The figural concept is considered extraordinary for Moravian historicism. Entry is via a staircase with a covered balustrade on the west side. The building in its strict, clearly structured, Italian villa style of the neo-renaissance is one of the few remaining buildings of this type in the Czech Republic. It was extensively renovated in 2004 and now houses the community library.
- House number 204 is a two-story Empire building from 1827. The free-standing brick house has a hipped roof . The facade is structured by plain, flat pillars and ribbons. The arch of the entrance rests on massive undecorated pilasters. As part of the conservation of cultural sites in the village, the building is being restored.
Natural monuments
- Bradlo ( Bradelstein , 601 m), Tři Kameny ( Dreistein , 558 m) and Kočičí skály ( Katzenstein , 558 m) are the highest rock formations of the Úsovská vrchovina (Ausseer hill country) made of quartzite and quartz conglomerates. The ridge is developed as a hiking area and because of its vertical and overhanging rock faces as a practice area for mountaineers. From the platform of the Bradlo there is a wide panoramic view of northern Moravia. The rock also serves as a trigonometric point for astronomical-geodetic measurements. The rock is of interest for geological and mineralogical research. In a tale of the devil, the bizarre stone blocks and scattered boulders and stone blocks are interpreted as the result of a lost devil's bet, which represent an unfinished castle. Another Czech tale links the legendary Bradlo with the legend of Blaník , according to which a large army of King Wenceslas is sleeping inside the mountain , waiting to come to the aid of the threatened people. Because of the similarities in content, it is also called Moravský Blaník (Moravian Blanik). Since the late 19th century, the mountain has also been associated with national manifestations and folk celebrations of the Czech and formerly German population.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Ernst Kober (born September 4, 1885 in Deutsch Liebau, † November 30, 1963 in Ansbach ), museum director and archivist in Jägerndorf and Ansbach, author
- František Suchý Brněnský (born April 9, 1902 in Libina, † July 12, 1977 in Brno), Czech oboist and composer
- Tilman Zülch (born September 2, 1939 in Deutsch Liebau), German human rights activist
- Grete Kunz, known as Margarete Friebelung (born March 28, 1909 in German Liebau, † June 5, 1991 in Wiesbaden), painter, graphic artist, textile designer, author
- Albert Rotter (born September 19, 1904 in Deutsch Liebau, † December 13, 1990 in Wabern), poet, prose writer and teacher
- Rudolf Schön (born April 5, 1908 in Deutsch Liebau, † January 22, 1979 in Vienna ), Austrian pedagogue and state school inspector in Vienna, author of numerous mathematics books, is considered the "father of set theory in Austria"
- Ferdinand Mauler (born January 14, 1914 in Böhmisch-Liebau, † February 21, 1982 in Rosenheim), member of the Bavarian state parliament
literature
- Bohumil Samek: Umělecké památky Moravy a Slezska 2, J – N (= art monuments of Moravia and Silesia). Praha, Academia 1999. ISBN 80-200-0695-8 , pp. 344-345.
- Karel Kuča: Města a městečka v Čechách, na Moravě a ve Slezsku , Díl 3: Kolín-Miro (= Towns and Small Towns in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, Volume 3), Praha, Libri 1998. ISBN 80-85983-12-5 , Pp. 469-471 (Libina).
- Hermann Head (editor): German Liebau. Homeland book . Marktgemeinde, German Liebau 1935.
- Working group for the supplementary home book Deutsch Liebau (ed.): What a village knows to tell . Moerfelden-Walldorf 1990.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Information on the municipality's website
- ↑ The heraldic lion of the Lords of Šumvald has a branch with four leaves and three acorns on its right paw.
- ↑ The condition, maintenance and renovation are documented on the municipality's website with text and pictures by Andrea Červinková: List of monuments
- ↑ Ernst Kober: History of the market town Deutsch Liebau, Mährisch-Schönberg district, North Moravia. In: Deutsch-Liebau. What a village can tell, p. 10.
- ↑ Ernst Federmann summarizes these processes up to 1935: Ernst Federmann: Die Pfarrkirche und Pfarre . In: Hermann Leiter: Heimatbuch , pp. 263–270
- ↑ Bohumil Samek: Umělecké památky Moravy a Slezska 2. J-N . P. 344
- ↑ Calvary column at the church of St. Georg
- ↑ a b Bohumil Samek: Umělecké památky Moravy a Slezska 2, J – N , p. 345
- ↑ Location on the property of house number 240, formerly Siegel farm
- ↑ Sousoší Kalvárie s balustrádou
- ↑ What a village knows to tell, pp. 98–99
- ^ Cemetery cross
- ↑ German Liebau. What a village can tell , p. 419
- ↑ Sloup se sousoším Nejsvětější Trojice
- ↑ Obeth's work
- ↑ on the biography of the entrepreneur Adolf Langer (1869-1934) cf. Erhard Marschner: Langer, Adolf Richard. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 589 f. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Zelená Libina: Redesign of the park
- ^ Mausoleum of the Langer entrepreneurial family
- ↑ Chapel of Farewell
- ^ Aurelia and Helene Rotter: The plague chapel in German Liebau. In this: sagas and reports from the Mährisch Schönberg district. Quellenverlag Veronika Diwisch, Steinheim am Main 1962, pp. 33–36
- ^ Famous houses in the Olomouc region
- ↑ Langerova vila
- ^ Empire building
- ^ Results and image documentation of the geographical institute of the Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
- ↑ http://www.turistik.cz/cz/kraje/olomoucky-kraj/okres-sumperk/usov/bradlo-jeseniky/
- ↑ http://www.treking.cz/vrcholy/bradlo.htm
- ↑ skladby dostupné v Hudebním informačním středisku
- ↑ http://encyklopedie.brna.cz/home-mmb/?acc=profil_Osobnosti&load=12003
- ↑ Handbook of General Education Higher Schools, Vol. 1970, pp. 42, 46f