Transport Museum Nuremberg

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Transport Museum Nuremberg
Nuremberg - Transport Museum.jpg
Main entrance of the Nuremberg Transport Museum, Lessingstr.
Data
place Nuremberg
Art
  • Transport Museum
  • Communication museum, technology museum
architect Hans White
opening October 1, 1899
Number of visitors (annually) 165.798 (DB Museum, 2017)
122.201 (Museum for Communication, 2017)
operator
management
  • Oliver Götze (DB Museum)
  • Annabelle Hornung (Museum for Communication)
Website
ISIL DE-MUS-106618 (DB Museum), DE-MUS-953919 (Museum for Communication)
Coal wagon from 1829 at the English coal mine in South Hetton, oldest surviving railway vehicle outside of Great Britain
Car No. 8 of the Bavarian Ludwig Railway from 1835, 2nd class, oldest surviving German railway vehicle

The Nuremberg Transport Museum houses the DB Museum of Deutsche Bahn AG and the Museum for Communication in its central building . It operates two branch offices of the DB Museum in Koblenz- Lützel ( DB Museum Koblenz ) and Halle (Saale) ( DB Museum Halle ). The Transport Museum is one of the oldest technical history museums in Europe. Since the beginning of February 2007, the name of the DB Museum has been the company museum of Deutsche Bahn AG . It is an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Culture and the North Bavarian Industrial Road .

DB Museum

history

The beginnings of the museum were modest: In Munich, the Bavarian State Railway set up a small museum for Bavarian railway history in 1882. At first it was only accessible to railway workers, from 1885 it was opened to the general public - every Wednesday afternoon from May to October. Initially, only 1:10 scale models were exhibited. These models corresponded to the original in appearance and function. This path was continued after moving to Nuremberg.

The history-conscious mayor of Nuremberg, Georg von Schuh, was able to bring the railway history collection of the Royal Bavarian State Railways from Munich to Nuremberg. As a first location, he left an empty exhibition pavilion free of charge to the railway administration (on the site of today's Norishalle on Marientorgraben). On October 1, 1899, the Royal Bavarian Railway Museum was opened in Nuremberg. As its successor, the DB Museum is the oldest railway museum in Germany and, as a museum of the Deutsche Bahn AG, a company museum, the focus is, among other things, on the history of the railway .

In 1901 it was renamed the Royal Bavarian Transport Museum, as a new department for post and telegraphy was opened. The connection between the Railway and Postal Museum reflects the state administrative structures of the time. In Bavaria, after the establishment of the empire in 1871, the railway as well as the post and telegraph system remained under the control of the Bavarian state as a separate route and were jointly administered by a ministry.

The constantly growing museum soon needed more space. The city of Nuremberg helped again by giving the railway a construction site on Lessingstrasse free of charge and assuming part of the construction costs of the new museum building. In 1911, an architectural competition was carried out for the new building . The first groundbreaking took place in the summer of 1914; shortly thereafter, the First World War interrupted construction work. The new building on Lessingstrasse was not completed until 1925 and now had an architecture that was completely untypical for the 1920s. The Transport Museum had a total of 9,700 square meters of exhibition space in the new building: 8,500 square meters for the railway and 1,200 square meters for the post office.

After World War II there was a reorganization, since 1920, the two museum departments were separated and assigned to different authorities: the for the German Reichsbahn competent Ministry of Transport or the reichspostministerium . Both museums expanded their collection area to include developments in Germany as a whole. During the Weimar period, the museum director was Oskar Böttinger. On April 22, 1925, the museum was reopened as the Bavarian Transport Museum in Nuremberg . In addition, a new museum guide and a fixed issue of the magazine Das Bayerland appeared .

In 1935 the museum got its special showpiece with the " eagle ". The Adler train was a replica of the locomotive with tender and wagons of the first, second and third class.

When the war began in September 1939, the museum was closed. The building in Lessingstrasse was severely hit several times in air raids between 1943 and 1945. Looting took place in the last days of the war. Only in the 1960s were all rooms accessible again, in that year the “Eagle Hall” was set up in the former “Schmuckhof”. Locomotives with tenders were placed on a section of track, with one first and third class wagon opposite each other. It is noteworthy that the exhibits were on mushroom rails with so-called cairs with paving according to the first superstructure design from 1835.

The museum was partially reopened in 1953. Organizationally, the railway department of the museum was assigned to the Nuremberg Federal Railway Directorate. In the first year almost 18,000 visitors were counted. In 1969 the number of visitors was more than 90,000.

In 1973, a monumental mural created by Alois Wünsche-Mitterecker in 1954 for the counter hall of the (then) new reception building of the Würzburg main station was installed in the foyer of the lecture hall. It shows a dominant steam locomotive , the interior of which is partially shown as in a technical drawing. The locomotive is surrounded by several figures of workers who can be seen working in the railway and heavy industry . The criticism of the work of art was vehement in Würzburg : The local press spoke of "grimacing" and "mockery" and was bothered by modern art . The German Federal Railroad therefore had the picture removed again in 1958 - allegedly because plates had come off due to vibrations in the rail traffic. The mural was mounted differently in the Transport Museum. There is less space here than in Würzburg. The locomotive is shown in full, but only part of the figures that used to surround it. Color changes have been made and the picture fills all the walls of the room instead of taking up a large area - as was previously the case in Würzburg.

On July 1, 1996, Deutsche Bahn AG took over the museum from the federal railway assets for a symbolic purchase price of one DM . At the same time, Jürgen Franzke, previously director of the Museum for Industrial Culture in Nuremberg, was appointed museum director. At that time, DB AG was planning to invest six million DM in the museum by the 100th anniversary of the museum.

In 2009, 130,000 people visited the museum. In August 2010, a new relative visitor record was set with around 40,000 visitors. Since 1985, the anniversary year, not so many people had visited the DB Museum in one month.

On May 2, 2011, Russalka Nikolov took over the management from Jürgen Franzke. She was succeeded as museum director on July 6, 2017 by Oliver Götze, who had previously been deputy director at the Museum für Kommunikation Berlin . Since April 1, 2013, the museum has been sponsored by the DB Museum Deutsche Bahn Stiftung gGmbH .

exhibition

View of part of the permanent exhibition from the Länderbahnzeit section with some of the
1:10 scale models in the museum
View of part of the permanent exhibition from the section on reconstruction after the Second World War

The exhibitions have been fundamentally revised in recent years. The permanent exhibition was arranged in chronological order in such a way that the visitor is guided from the beginnings with the eagle to German reunification. The start is based on England, as the first railway ran there. After that, work will essentially only be based on German exhibits. The exhibition on the ground floor covers the time from the Adler to the Länderbahn era and the founding of the Deutsche Reichsbahn up to the end of the Nazi era . On the first floor, the reconstruction of the railway after the Second World War and the history of the DB and DR are presented in two parallel exhibitions. In between there is the exhibition on the history of the station, which could not be moved to another location because of the associated Imperial waiting room.

Since January 2013 the KIBALA (KinderBahnLand) has been located on the second floor on over 1000 m² . Here children should have fun exploring, discovering and trying out how trains work. A 5-inch track can be used to drive a circuit through the KIBALA under the direction of a museum employee. Since then there have been two rooms for special exhibitions on the second floor.

The exhibition rooms on the first floor will be partially rebuilt in the west wing by autumn 2013. The exhibition rooms in the north and east wings are not affected by the renovation. The large model railway system located there, which is operated manually by a real track plan interlocking, is still in operation.

Original vehicles are spread over two vehicle halls. The old vehicles are located in Hall 1 and can be seen as part of the permanent exhibition. The newer vehicles from the era of the Reichsbahn and later are exhibited in vehicle hall 2. In order to reach this hall, which is in the area of ​​the administration of the former Federal Railway Directorate Nuremberg, you have to leave the museum. This hall can be used to enter the outdoor area, where, in addition to vehicles, there are original signal boxes with the associated signal systems from different eras. The steam boiler of the 01 150, an old platform system and information about the history of the rails, sleepers and their fixings are exhibited there. A children's train runs there at certain times. Other exhibits such as buffers, motors and signal box parts can be found in the accessible show depot.

Vehicles in the museum

Replica of the Geislautern steam car from 1815 in the Schaudepot

Only a small part of the museum vehicles in the inventory of Deutsche Bahn are exhibited in the museum. The majority is in the lending facility or in the external locations.

The exhibition with historical rail vehicles includes a number of important exhibits:

Some of the original vehicles are not located in the main building, but in the vehicle hall, which is located next to the open-air museum on the opposite side of the street. There is also a publicly accessible part of the museum depot, where other exhibits such as a replica of the Geislautern steam car , buffers from different eras, signal box parts , engines and a vehicle of a railway fire brigade can be viewed.

In addition, the museum has a number of historic vehicles that can be used for special trips.

Vehicle show "Adler, Rocket & Co" 2010

On the occasion of the 175th anniversary of the railway in Germany, the museum presented the Adler, Rocket & Co. vehicle show from August 6th to October 31st, 2010 , in which pioneer locomotives from all over Europe could be seen:

designation Year of manufacture original Year of construction replica origin Railway company Specialty image
Rocket 1829 1935 England Liverpool and Manchester Railway Rainhill race winner from George and Robert Stephenson Rocket Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Novelty 1829 1980 England / Sweden St Helens and Runcorn Gap Railway John Braithwaite and John Ericsson locomotive for the Rainhill race Novelty Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Sans Pareil 1829 1980 England Liverpool and Manchester Railway Timothy Hackworth's locomotive for the Rainhill race Sans Pareil Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 diagonal view.JPG
Marc Seguin 1829 1987 France - Marc Seguin locomotive with large fans in the tender Marc Seguin Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Eagle 1835 1950 England Ludwig Railway First locomotive in Germany, built in Newcastle by George and Robert Stephenson Adler Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Saxonia 1838 1989 Germany Leipzig-Dresden Railway Company First locomotive built in Germany Saxonia Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view 01.JPG
Beuth 1844 1912 Germany Berlin-Anhalt Railway Company First locomotive designed by August Borsig in Germany Beuth Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Licaon 1851 - Austria Emperor Ferdinand's Northern Railway In use until around 1937 after conversion, one of the oldest operational locomotives in the world Licaon Verkehrsmuseum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
Gamle Ole 1869 1929 Scotland Jysk-Fyenske Jernbaner Shunting locomotive built by Chaplin & Co. in Glasgow , purchased for shunting operations in the port of Aarhus , reconstructed from original parts in 1929 Gamle Ole Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010 side view.JPG
05 001 1935 - Germany German Reichsbahn Fastest German steam locomotive series 05001 Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010.JPG
10 001 1956 - Germany German Federal Railroad Last express train steam locomotive constructed by Krupp in Germany 10001 Transport Museum Nuernberg 12092010.JPG

Model collection

Another treasure of the DB Museum is the collection of 160 1:10 scale models, which have been created since the end of the 19th century and which impress with their high level of detail. The first were made in 1882 by apprentices from the Royal Bavarian State Railways .

More than 2000 detailed models from the scale 1: 5 to 1: 700 can be seen in the Modellarium.

Model railway

Model railway in the Nuremberg Museum

An 80 square meter model railway layout demonstrates the railway operation in the prototype. During the opening times, every half hour, there is a ten-minute demonstration with an explanation of the basic concepts of rail operations. The system, built between 1960 and 1970, is controlled by relay interlockings with a total of around 5000 relays.

Library and archive

2. Library hall, furnishings from 1925

The DB Museum building houses a library with around 40,000 titles related to the railway. The reference library can be used free of charge on working days after registration. An interlibrary loan is not possible.

In the magazines of the museum four kilometers of shelving store documents, around 1.2 million negatives, about 100,000 images and more than 10,000 objects.

In the mid-1960s the library contained 23,000 volumes. Attached to it was a traffic archive in which the files of the Bavarian traffic administration from 1806 to 1920 (around 90,000 transactions) were stored. The archive also comprised several self-contained collections.

The fire of October 17, 2005 and the damage

Remains of the burned-out locomotives in the
Gostenhof engine shed

On the night of October 17-18, 2005, the roundhouse of the museum in the DB Regio depot at Nuremberg Central Station burned down to the ground. The locomotive shed was not - like the vehicle hall - in the open-air area accessible to visitors in the immediate vicinity of the museum, but in the Nuremberg West depot in the Gostenhof district about four kilometers away . There the DB Museum u. a. Operational locomotives were parked, but there was no room in the museum. At 7.45 p.m. the fire was noticed by the train driver of 232 403 . At 8:00 p.m., fire engines from all five guards of the Nuremberg professional fire brigade , the works fire brigade of the former Quelle mail order company and several volunteer fire brigades were on site. The diesel locomotives parked in front of the roundhouse could still be driven up to the edge of the turntable and therefore suffered only minor damage from the fire. However, the turntable could no longer be put into operation because the power failed. No other vehicles could be brought to safety. The entire roundhouse was on fire within a few minutes. After 30 minutes, the shed roof collapsed. Gas cylinders filled with ethine kept causing explosions. The fire was fueled by the diesel fuel in the tanks of the historic diesel locomotives. The V 80 002 and the V 200 002 burned long after midnight. The coal in the coal boxes of 23 105 and 86 457 kept flaring up. Flames had to be extinguished again and again until the next morning.

In the fire a total of 19 historic locomotives and were railcars destroyed the museum or damaged. In particular, the following vehicles were involved:

designation Manufacturer Construction year
Adler replica with three of its four cars Repair shop in Kaiserslautern 1935
01 150 Henschel 1935
23 105 Young 1959
45 010 Henschel 1941
50 622 Henschel 1941
86 457 DWM 1942
89 801 Krauss 1921
(98 319) Krauss 1908
E 75 09 Maffei 1928
360 115 MaK 1956
360 150 MaK 1957
360 151 MaK 1957
V 80 002 Krauss Maffei 1952
V 100 1023 MaK 1961
V 100 2023 MaK 1963
V 100 2330 MaK 1966
V 200 002 Krauss Maffei 1953
627 001 MaK 1974

From mid-April 2006, the remains of the roundhouse and the adjacent lounge and workshop building were demolished. The parked vehicles had previously been pulled out. At the end of June and beginning of July, the vehicles V 60 115, V 100 1023, V 100 2023, 212 330, V 80 002, V 200 002 and 627 001, two construction train wagons B3y, a measuring draisine and a flat wagon were scrapped.

The operational replica of the eagle, the locomotive of the first German railway between Nuremberg and Fürth , from 1935 was badly damaged in the fire. The superstructures of the three of four passenger cars parked in the engine shed , which were made of wood, were almost completely burned. The locomotive and the tender were recovered. Apprentices and experienced specialists restored the locomotive at the Meiningen steam locomotive works. After two years of reconstruction, the eagle was ready for use again in October 2007 and arrived at the Nuremberg Transport Museum on November 23, 2007. Members of the Bundestag, a board member of DB AG and the then Bavarian Prime Minister Günther Beckstein took part in the first voyage of the restored eagle on April 26, 2008 . Another, but not functional, replica from 1953 is available as a display object in the museum.

The 45 010 freight train steam locomotive and the E 75 09 electric locomotive were also badly damaged in the fire. The 45 010 is now ready for display again and is in the Lichtenfels depot of the DB Museum. The E 75 09 is in the Meiningen steam locomotive works for reconditioning. Next, the heavy freight steam locomotive 50 622 will return to Nuremberg from refurbishment.

The 01 150 was repaired operationally from 2010 to 2012 at the Meiningen steam locomotive works, financed by donations from many railway enthusiasts. It will be located in the South German Railway Museum in Heilbronn . The steam locomotives are to be repaired in the long term. Some locomotives were loaned to railway museums for refurbishment. For example, 23 105 , which was procured by the Federal Railroad as the last steam locomotive in 1959, and 86 457 , were also loaned to the South German Railway Museum in Heilbronn for visual refurbishment.

Bunker control center for rail traffic

In 1938 the Deutsche Reichsbahn set up a bunker control center for rail traffic in the basement of the Transport Museum ( BASA bunker Nuremberg ). After the Second World War, several modifications and extensions followed in order to make the bunker “suitable” for a possible nuclear war. The facility became an ABC bunker and should have served as a control center for rail traffic for 14 days after the outbreak of World War III. From here the regions of Upper , Lower and Middle Franconia as well as the Upper Palatinate , parts of Lower Bavaria and the military training areas Hohenfels , Hammelburg , Grafenwoehr and Wildflecken were to be commanded.

Branch offices of the DB Museum

In addition to the locations described below, the museum owns vehicles that are stored in other DB AG facilities due to the lack of installation options and are maintained there by local groups of the railway social work and are occasionally used for special trips.

Branch of the DB Museum in Koblenz-Lützel

182 001-8 on the outdoor area
Bavarian R 3/3 and a cut open “ glass box ”, both vehicles damaged in the fire on October 17th, 2005, were refurbished in Koblenz

In Koblenz Lützel district is one of the two branches of the DB museum in which, inter alia, a plurality of electric locomotives of the series 103 , 110/113 , E 50 , E 44 , E 18 and E 16 and a plurality of saloon car of the special train of Goebbels , an observation car of the counter train of the Henschel-Wegmann train and a compartment car of the GDR government train are on display. The museum is run by volunteers as part of the Bahn-Sozialwerk Foundation (BSW) and has its origins in the BSW leisure group for the preservation of historic railway vehicles .

Overall, the focus of the exhibition is on electric traction and saloon cars. There are also several steam and diesel locomotives on display in the museum. Below you can see a steam locomotive of the Prussian T 3 class , which has been restored under strict monument protection regulations and which has been used as a play equipment in the children's playground at Cologne Zoo for decades .

Two steam locomotive exhibits damaged in the major fire in Nuremberg have been refurbished. It is a Bavarian R 3/3 and a cut copy of the “ glass box ”.

Branch of the DB Museum in Halle (Saale)

The former depot in Halle (Saale) is the second branch of the DB Museum. In particular, vehicles from the Deutsche Reichsbahn are on display , including the steam locomotive 03 1010 and the electric locomotives E 11 001 and E 18 31 . There is also a permanent exhibition in the museum about the VES-M hall and its director Max Baumberg .

Other remote locations

A large number of other vehicles have been preserved in the Deutsche Bahn property portfolio, all of which require constant care and maintenance. These are usually housed near their maintenance staff. Many such associations can be found under the umbrella of the Bahn-Sozialwerk Foundation , especially because many of their members are employees of the Bahn.

Other exhibits have been found at other museums with which the DB Museum works closely.

Charter and tourist trains

The Nuremberg Transport Museum has several sets of cars that are used in tourism and charter traffic:

Museum of Communication

Bergmann parcel delivery vehicle with electric motor, built between 1922 and 1927, output 20 hp, speed 20 km / h, payload 2.5 t, in the Museum of Communication
MAN - Postbus of the museum in Nuremberg on a special trip in Frankfurt - Schwanheim

The Museum for Communication Nuremberg in the Transport Museum emerged from the Royal Bavarian Postal Museum and was integrated into the Transport Museum in 1902.

See also

literature

  • Olaf Hartung: Museums of Industrialism: Forms of bourgeois historical culture using the example of the Bavarian Transport Museum and the German Mining Museum. Böhlau, Cologne [a. a.] 2007.
  • Horst Weigelt : Epochs in Railway History . Hestra-Verlag, Darmstadt 1985, ISBN 3-7771-0187-7
  • Susanne Kill: The Memory of Deutsche Bahn AG - The Company History Archive in Berlin and the DB Museum in Nuremberg. In: Archive and Economy. 1/2009, pp. 15-21.
  • Werner Willhaus: 100 years of the Nuremberg Transport Museum. A legend celebrates a birthday. In: Railway courier . No. 322, vol. 33, 1999. EK-Verlag GmbH, Freiburg im Breisgau, ISSN  0170-5288 , pp. 54-58.
  • DB Museum (Ed.): The whole world of the railroad. A tour of the DB Museum Nuremberg . Museum guide. 1st edition. Nuremberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-9814790-0-3 (112 pages).
  • Rainer Mertens: A house for the history of the railways in Germany . In: Revue générale des chemins der fer . No. 229 (July / August). HC Éditions, Paris 2013, p. 102–116 (bilingual French and German throughout).

Movie

Web links

Commons : Verkehrsmuseum Nürnberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Nuremberg in figures 2018. (PDF) In: nuernberg.de. Statistical Office of the City of Nuremberg, accessed on July 6, 2018 .
  2. Nuremberg in figures 2018. (PDF) In: nuernberg.de. Statistical Office of the City of Nuremberg, accessed on July 2, 2020 .
  3. DB Museum - Imprint. In: dbmuseum.de. Retrieved May 27, 2019 .
  4. a b Chronicle of the DB Museum. In: dbmuseum.de, accessed on May 27, 2019.
  5. Deutsche Bahn: Moving People - Connecting Worlds. Berlin 2008, p. 85 f. ( PDF; 9.2 MB ( Memento from May 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive )).
  6. ^ Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Reichsbahndirektion in Mainz of May 2, 1925, No. 26. Announcement No. 470, p. 293f.
  7. Report of record visit to the Nuremberg Transport Museum. In: The Federal Railroad . 45. J., 1971, issue 1/2, ISSN  0007-5876 , p. 37.
  8. Quoted from the label in the Nuremberg Transport Museum.
  9. ^ Labeling in the Nuremberg Transport Museum.
  10. ^ Deutsche Bahn AG takes over the Nuremberg Transport Museum. In: Railway technical review . Volume 45, 1996, No. 1/2, p. 1.
  11. ^ Symbolic handover of keys in Nuremberg. In: Railway technical review . 45th volume, 1996, No. 9, p. 513.
  12. a b Step by step into the future . In: mobile . Issue 7/2010, pp. 50–52.
  13. a b Visitor record in the DB Museum Nuremberg. Press release. (No longer available online.) In: deutschebahn.com. Deutsche Bahn AG, September 3, 2010, archived from the original on November 15, 2010 ; accessed on October 2, 2017 .
  14. Deutsche Bahn AG (publisher): Lokschau "Adler, Rocket & Co." brings DB Museum Nuremberg visitor record. Press release. November 3, 2010.
  15. Change of staff at the DB Museum Nuremberg: Russalka Nikolov succeeds Dr. Jürgen Franzke. Press release. (No longer available online.) In: deutschebahn.com. Deutsche Bahn AG, May 2, 2011, archived from the original on October 27 ; accessed on May 27, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Change of leadership in the DB Museum Nuremberg: Dr. Oliver Götze new museum director. (No longer available online.) In: Internet presence of the DB Museum Nuremberg. DB Museum Nuremberg, July 7, 2017, archived from the original on December 28, 2017 ; accessed on December 28, 2017 .
  17. KIBALA. In: dbmuseum.de, accessed on May 27, 2019.
  18. New exhibition area: The Modellarium. In: dbmuseum.de, accessed on May 27, 2019.
  19. ^ DB Museum, Deutsche Bahn Foundation (ed.): Modelarium - The world of models in the DB Museum . Catalog for the permanent exhibition in the DB Museum. Nuremberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-9814790-3-4 (128 pages).
  20. ^ Jürgen Bergholter: The libraries of the German Federal Railroad . In: The Federal Railroad . tape 39 , no. 21 , 1965, p. 762-763 .
  21. ↑ The vehicle hall of the DB Museum burned out. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . Issue 12/2005, pp. 602-604.
  22. Markus Hehl: The "Adler" - Germany's first steam locomotive. Weltbild, Augsburg 2008, pp. 70–81.
  23. ^ PtL 2/2 4515, Reichsbahn number was only planned, but was not assigned
  24. Message after a major fire: Diesel locomotives are being scrapped. In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . Issue 8–9 / 2006, p. 386 f.
  25. ^ DB bunker under the transport museum. In: felsengaenge-nuernberg.de, accessed on May 27, 2019.
  26. Christian Hagans locomotives preserved in a museum, Erfurt. In: werkbahn.de. Jens Merte, December 30, 2013, accessed May 27, 2019.
  27. The restoration of 89 7462 in the DB Museum Koblenz ( Memento from November 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: dbmuseum-koblenz.de, accessed on May 27, 2019.

Coordinates: 49 ° 26 ′ 44 ″  N , 11 ° 4 ′ 28 ″  E