Lacapelle-Biron
| Lacapelle-Biron | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Lot-et-Garonne | |
| Arrondissement | Villeneuve-sur-Lot | |
| Canton | Le Fumélois | |
| Community association | Fumel Vallée du Lot | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 36 ' N , 0 ° 54' E | |
| height | 145-243 m | |
| surface | 13.96 km 2 | |
| Residents | 423 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 30 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 47150 | |
| INSEE code | 47123 | |
| Website | www.lacapelle-biron.org | |
 Mayor's Office of Lacapelle-Biron |
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Lacapelle-Biron is a French municipality with 423 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Lot-et-Garonne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Villeneuve-sur-Lot and the canton of Le Fumélois (until 2015: canton of Monflanquin ).
The name of the parish is derived from a chapel mentioned in 1259 as "capella" in the scriptures. Lacapelle-Biron was dependent on the important Seigneurie of Biron , of which the parish accepted its addition.
The inhabitants are called Capelains and Capelaines .
geography
Lacapelle-Biron is located about 30 km northeast of Villeneuve-sur-Lot in the historic province of Agenais on the northern border with the neighboring Dordogne department .
Lacapelle-Biron is surrounded by the four neighboring communities:
| Biron (Dordogne) | Soulaures (Dordogne) | |
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Blanquefort-sur-Briolance | |
| Gavaudun |
Lacapelle-Biron lies in the catchment area of the Garonne River .
The Lède , a tributary of the Lot , crosses the area of the municipality together with its tributary, the Ruisseau de Clairfond. The drainless Ruisseau de Beldina also irrigates the municipality.
history
There is a Paleolithic site in Perruffe, a hamlet in the northern part of the municipality . Like all the villages in the area, Lacapelle-Biron developed primarily in the Middle Ages . Saint-Avit has a permanent house and the remains of a fortress. Due to its geographical location on the border between the Agenais and the Périgord , Lacapelle-Biron was heavily involved in the conflicts of the Hundred Years' War and then the Huguenot Wars .
Agriculture has always been the livelihood of the village in the rural area. Even today, dovecotes to see delivered the bird droppings as a valuable fertilizer. The cultivation of the forests with their numerous tree species and the occurrence of iron-containing minerals allowed a diversification of the income of the residents.
At the beginning of the 17th century, “La Chapelle” was itself a seigneurie under the leadership of the Carbonnières family. Charles de Gontaud-Biron, Marshal of France , betrayed his King Henry IV and was beheaded in 1602. But in 1605 some of his confidants, including Jean-Charles de Carbonnières, developed another conspiracy. The king got wind of this and ordered several castles, including that of Lacapelle-Biron, to be demolished. However, part of the castle was preserved until a fire in 1908. A market has been held in Lacapelle four times a year since the 17th century and gradually supplanted the importance of the village of Saint-Avit, finally taking on the role of parish in 1822.
On May 21, 1944, 47 men from the community between the ages of 18 and 60 were arrested by a unit of the 2nd SS Panzer Division “Das Reich” and deported to the Dachau and Mauthausen concentration camps.
Population development
After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 1,120 by the middle of the 19th century. In the period that followed, the size of the community fell to around 370 inhabitants by the 1970s, with brief recovery phases due to the rural exodus and deportations in the Second World War , before a phase of moderate growth set in, which has recently stagnated again.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2011 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 407 | 396 | 369 | 382 | 433 | 429 | 441 | 456 | 423 |
Attractions
Saint-Avit church
The Romanesque church was built in the 13th century. Your choir is equipped with a boiler vault. A pyramid roof crowns the elongated bell tower . The building has largely retained its original condition, although two light openings in the nave were modified in the 15th century. According to tradition, Bernard Palissy was baptized in this church, which has been classified as a Monument historique since June 17, 1954 .
Bernard Palissy Museum
In 1986 the parish bought a derelict house near the church in Saint-Avit. The idea was born to dedicate a museum to the artist and his works. The association “Les Amis du Musée Bernard Palissy” was set up to promote the museum.
Saint-Avit church
View of the choir
Bernard Palissy Museum
Economy and Infrastructure
The municipality's agriculture focuses on arable farming, animal husbandry, fish farming and the cultivation of chestnut trees.
Lacapelle-Biron is located in the AOC zones for Périgord walnuts and Périgord nut oil.
total = 60
education
The municipality has a public primary school with 37 pupils in the 2018/2019 school year.
sport and freetime
- The amusement park "Parc en Ciel" offers a ropes course as well as other activities, including a swimming pool.
- The GR 36, a long-distance hiking trail from Ouistreham in Normandy to Bourg-Madame in the eastern Pyrenees , runs through the center of the municipality.
- The long-distance hiking trail GR 636 from Monbazillac ( Dordogne ) starts and ends in Lacapelle-Biron.
traffic
Lacapelle-Biron can be reached via Routes départementales 150 (Dordogne 53), 255 and 426.
Personalities
- Bernard Palissy, born in Lacapelle-Biron in 1510, was a French scientist , famous enamel artist and co-founder of the Protestant community of Saintes . Because of his denomination he was captured and sentenced by the Catholic League . He died in prison in Paris in 1589 or 1590 .
- Joseph Kessel , born on February 10, 1898 in Entre Ríos , Argentina , died on July 23, 1979 in Avernes , Val-d'Oise department , was a French journalist , adventurer and novelist . His father, Doctor Samuel Kessel, spent some time with his family in Lacapelle-Biron in January 1902.
Web links
- Bernard Palissy Museum website (French)
- Website of the amusement park "Parc en Ciel" (French)
- Information on Périgord walnuts and Périgord nut oil (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Lacapelle-Biron ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ a b c Patrimoine et Histoire ( fr ) Lacapelle-Biron municipality. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Lot-et-Garonne ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Ma commune: Lacapelle-Biron ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Notice Communale Lacapelle-Biron ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Populations légales 2016 Commune de Lacapelle-Biron (47123) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ^ Eglise Saint-Avit ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . September 22, 2015. Accessed March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Lacapelle-Biron (47123) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ^ École élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ GR36 - Randonnée de Les Eyzies-de-Tayac-Sireuil (Dordogne) à Prayssac (Lot) ( fr ) gr-infos.com. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ GR636 - Randonnée de Monbazillac (Dordogne) à Lacapelle-Biron (Lot-et-Garonne) ( fr ) gr-infos.com. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
- ↑ Sur les traces de Kessel ( fr ) La Dépêche du Midi . December 25, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2019.