Massoulès

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Massoulès
Massoulès (France)
Massoulès
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Lot-et-Garonne
Arrondissement Villeneuve-sur-Lot
Canton Le Pays de Serres
Community association Fumel Vallée du Lot
Coordinates 44 ° 20 ′  N , 0 ° 52 ′  E Coordinates: 44 ° 20 ′  N , 0 ° 52 ′  E
height 117-234 m
surface 7.86 km 2
Residents 215 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 27 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 47140
INSEE code 47162

Massoulès is a French municipality with 215 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Lot-et-Garonne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Villeneuve-sur-Lot and the canton of Le Pays de Serres (until 2015: canton of Penne-d'Agenais ).

The name of the community could be derived from the Latin mansio sola ( German  lonely or isolated house ). But it could also come from the Occitan mas sol ( German  house of the sun ).

The inhabitants are called Massoulessois and Massoulessois .

geography

Massoulès is located about 16 kilometers southeast of Villeneuve-sur-Lot in its catchment area ( Aire urbaine ) in the historic province of Agenais on the eastern border with the neighboring department of Tarn-et-Garonne .

Massoulès is surrounded by the seven neighboring municipalities:

Auradou Penne-d'Agenais Valeilles
(Tarn-et-Garonne)
Frespech Neighboring communities Saint-Beauzeil
(Tarn-et-Garonne)
Massels Saint-Amans-du-Pech
(Tarn-et-Garonne)

Massoulès is located in the catchment area of ​​the Garonne River . The Merlet, a tributary of the Boudouyssou , has its source in the municipality's territory. The Tancanne, another tributary of the Boudouyssou, forms the natural border with the south-eastern neighboring municipality of Saint-Amans-du-Pech.

history

The area has been inhabited since prehistory , as is shown by finds of tool parts from this era in the hamlet of Calvignac, where a record describes a quarry at an unspecified location.

The parish of Calvignac is mentioned in the scriptures in the 13th century. Their parish church was built in the 11th century and partially destroyed by Protestant troops during the Huguenot Wars in the 16th century . It had wall paintings with the peculiarity that it consisted of only two colors, yellow and red. The black color was only used on strokes. The parish church was subsequently restored and the parish of Calvignac retained its autonomy until the French Revolution . Another document from 1252 shows that a certain X. Arnaud de Lascombes gave the parish income to the Bishop of Agen . Lacombes subsequently came into the possession of the families of Jean Bonal in the middle of the 15th century, Delard de Rigoulières and finally Bernard de Lustrac at the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th century.

Population development

After the beginning of the records, the number of inhabitants reached a high of around 460 at the beginning of the 19th century. In the following period the size of the community decreased with short recovery phases up to the 1960s to around 155 inhabitants. In the period that followed, the number of residents stabilized at around 200.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2011 2017
Residents 153 172 157 204 186 177 202 202 215
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Pierre-ès-liens

Of the simple Romanesque building, which perhaps dates from the first half of the 12th century, only the apse and the triumphal arch of the choir have survived the centuries. At the end of the Gothic period , a chapel was added on the south side . This probably took place at the beginning of the 16th century as the ornaments and keystone of the vault suggest. The nave was undoubtedly repaired at the same time, as can be seen on the western, pressed belt arch . A sacrament house was built into the wall of the choir in the 16th century. The bell tower was built in 1720, as evidenced by the year on the keystone of the western entrance. In 1739 the bricklayer Jean Bongrat carried out repairs to the nave for 1,161 livres . The sacristy with its barrel vault made of rubble stones could have been added to the north side at the same time. The last extensions date from the 19th century. The southern sacristy was built by the mason Antoine Campagnol in 1855, the northern chapel shortly before 1874 as a copy of the southern one. At the same time, the earlier wall openings, arched in the chancel and segmented in the southern chapel, were bricked up and new openings in the neo-Gothic style were built into the walls.

The cemetery surrounds the church in the south and east. The rectangular bell tower has a flat tent roof . To the south is the vestibule with a pent roof. The nave is provided with a barrel vault, the side chapels with four-part ribbed vaults , and the choir with a boiler vault. The triumphal arch and the girdle arches and arcades of the nave are made of ashlar . The roofs of all parts of the building are covered with hollow tiles.

The first documentation about the church furniture was made in 1668. There the church furnishing is described as complete. The main altar had a large tabernacle and three large paintings depicting Christ crucified with Saints Peter and Anthony , the resurrection of Jesus Christ and an Ecce homo . The altar in the south chapel, which was consecrated to St. Anthony, was embellished with a stone retable and two paintings. The church furnishings from this period did not survive the French Revolution . A new tabernacle was acquired in the 1820s, and a new bell and confessional in 1821 . Further furnishings were added after the north side chapel was built at the end of the 19th century, two side altars in neo-Gothic style and a new main altar in neo-Romanesque style, a choir screen , a way of the cross , two glass windows from Goussard's workshop in Condom and numerous statues . The only older objects are a capital from the 12th century, which is now used as a holy water font, and a gilded wooden statue depicting Mary with baby Jesus from the 18th century. Since March 21, 1967 and May 7, 1968, these have been classified as a monument historique of movable goods.

Church ruins Saint-Martin in Calvignac

The first simple Romanesque building probably dates from the 12th century. It had an apse decorated with consoles depicting heads and a choir with a triumphal arch supported by a bell gable . The north side chapel with a ribbed vault, which was dedicated to St. Eutropius, was built at the end of the 15th century. A wall painting depicting scenes of the Passion covered the walls. Shortly before 1572 the church was devastated by Protestant troops and partially repaired at the end of the 16th century. However, the state of construction of the church deteriorated as a result. It was sold with its outbuilding on August 25, 1872 to Antoine Clauzière from Massoulès. In 1883 the nave was in ruins and the vault of the chapel collapsed. During the 20th century the ruins were further demolished and today only a fragment of the apse of the church remains.

Fixed house in the hamlet of Latourre

It was built as a watchtower in the 12th or 13th century over the valley end of a tributary of the Tancanne. In the 19th century the building was lowered and given a pent roof. Today it has four floors, of which the basement and the two upper floors are provided with loopholes . The entrance, which gives access to the basement, has a very wide archivolt .

Fixed house in the hamlet of Lascombes

The masonry visible in the upper parts of the building means that it was erected on the edge of a hill with some probability dating back to the 13th century. At the beginning of the 17th century, its depth was doubled. At the same time an entrance and a staircase, chimneys and window openings were installed. The tower and the residential wing now have cross- storey windows , twin windows and windows with a sloping reveal on the three floors. The barrel vaulted staircase has been carved out of the rock and leads to the cellar. The kitchen is on the basement, the large hall above.

Economy and Infrastructure

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
Total = 23

traffic

Massoulès can be reached via routes départementales 229 and 246.

Web links

Commons : Massoulès  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Massoules et son histoire ( fr ) Association of Fumel Vallée du Lot municipalities. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  2. ↑ Lot-et-Garonne ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  3. ↑ Aire urbaine de Villeneuve-sur-Lot (140) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  4. ↑ Ma commune: Massoulès ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  5. ↑ Notice Communale Massoulès ( fr ) School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  6. ↑ Populations légales 2016 Commune de Massoulès (47162) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  7. ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Pierre-ès-liens ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . March 22, 2007. Accessed March 23, 2019.
  8. ↑ Le mobilier de l'église paroissiale Saint-Pierre-ès-liens ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . May 3, 2004. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  9. ↑ chapiteau, bénitier ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . October 7, 1993. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  10. ↑ statue: Vierge à l'Enfant ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . October 7, 1993. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  11. ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . March 22, 2007. Accessed March 23, 2019.
  12. ^ Maison forte ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . March 22, 2007. Accessed March 23, 2019.
  13. ^ Maison forte ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . March 22, 2007. Accessed March 23, 2019.
  14. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Massoulès (47162) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 23, 2019.