List of salt pans in Germany

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The list of salt pans in Germany includes still active and already closed salt pans in Germany.

Baden-Württemberg

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Bretten salt works Karlsruhe Boards around the middle of the 13th century around the beginning of the 15th century Vacuum salt no more detailed traditions. Traces.
Bruchsal saltworks Karlsruhe Bruchsal 1721 1824 Vacuum salt Boiling house with 3 pans; 2.5% brine was initially soaked in an ungraded form. It was not until 1752 that the salinist Joachim Friedrich von Beust built a thorn graduation tower with a length of 2,450 m. The decreasing salt content of the brine spring led to the cessation of operations in 1824. Today in Bruchsal only the “Salinenstraße” reminds of the former salt production. The saltworks had to be closed after the state-owned Baden saltworks Dürrheim and Rappenau, which processed saturated brine.
Saline Dürrheim Schwarzwald-Baar district Bad Durrheim 1822 1971 Vacuum salt In 1822, an underground salt store was found when drilling. The brine with a salt content of 27% has been extracted since 1823 and boiled into table salt in large boiling pans in the salt works. The brine has been used for spa treatments since 1883 (hence the brine bath). In 1921, Dürrheim was given the bathroom rating. The Dürrheim saltworks were merged with the Bad Rappenau saltworks in the 1920s, part of the Südwestdeutsche Salz AG in the 1960s, which merged with the Heilbronner Salzwerk to form the Südwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG in 1971, and then closed for economic reasons. Remember today a. the brine rigs from the 19th century to the salt mine era.
Bad Friedrichshall salt works Heilbronn Bad friedrichshall 1817 until now Vacuum salt The saltworks were established in 1817 as a state-owned Württemberg foundation at the point where saturated brine was drilled for the first time in Germany on September 1, 1815, during a deep drilling carried out by the mining authorities. Boiling building with 14 boiling pans, 4 boreholes with brine pump system. Annual production of cs. 20,000 t of vacuum salt. In 1853–1858 the first mine for rock salt extraction was built near Jagstfeld, which came to a standstill in 1895 due to water ingress.
Saline Gerabronn Schwäbisch Hall Gerabronn 1753 1792 Vacuum salt 17 m well shaft, 1 graduation house, several boiling huts. The only about 1% brine yielded z. B. 1781 only an annual production of about 14 t. Traces.
Heilbronn salt works Heilbronn Heilbronn 1887 1945 Vacuum salt Raw salt extraction underground in the Heilbronn mine. Production in the Heilbronn salt works in 1888: 69,500 t rock salt and 25,000 t vacuum salt. At the beginning of the 20th century there were 16 boiling pans in operation. Traces.
Jagstfeld saltworks Heilbronn OT from Bad Friedrichshall 1817 1869 Vacuum salt In 1816 a large rock salt deposit was drilled at a depth of 148 m. 1817 Construction of the saltworks building. 1 brine reservoir, in the boiling house there was a preheating and a boiling pan. Further brine wells were added later. Production. 1820 = 850 t, 1821 = 5,000 t, 1822 = 8,500 t. The capacity was 15,000 t. Traces.
Mosbach salt works Neckar-Odenwald district Mosbach 1764 1824 Vacuum salt Brine only 1.5%. Thorn graduation tower of 280 m length. Annual production does not exceed 200 t. Traces ("Gutleutbrunnen").
Offenau salt works Heilbronn Offenau 1754 1929 Evaporated salt, cattle salt Brine less than 2%. Production from 1756 to 1797 around 12,000 tons of vacuum salt and 3,000 tons of cattle salt. 1810: A brine borehole found higher percentage brine at a depth of 135 m, another later even saturated brine. Traces.
Rappenau salt works Heilbronn Bad Rappenau 1823 1969 Evaporated salt (table, cattle, bath and industrial salt) 6 boreholes, brine reservoir, 5 boiling houses with 17 boiling pans. Production in 1936: around 20,000 t of evaporated salt. Workforce. 79 men. The brine baths used for healing purposes established today's Rappenau spa and the town's spa title. The former saltworks area is now part of the spa park, brine is still extracted for healing purposes.
Saline Wilhelmshall near Rottenmünster Rottweil Rottweil 1824 1969 Vacuum salt 6 boiling houses with 6 boiling and 12 drying pans, brine reservoir, 3 boreholes with brine pumping system. 1936: about 7,000 tons of vacuum salt, 50 men. A total of around 800,000 t of evaporated salt were extracted. The brine bath association, founded in 1975, also took on the task of using this area as a museum. Its members collected equipment and tools, documents and images from the time of the salt flats and restored the mechanical equipment of the “Lower Drilling House”.

In 1983 one of the round containers was moved here from the height between the Prim and Neckar valleys, which is now used as an exhibition room. After the brine bath association was dissolved, the city of Rottweil took over this museum. Since 1986 it has been run by the Saline-Museum Rottweil eV association on a voluntary basis.

Schwäbisch Hall saltworks Schwäbisch Hall Schwäbisch Hall before 1200 1924 Vacuum salt 8% brine. The saltworks originally belonged to the king, but as early as 1306 the property rights were predominantly with Haller bourgeois families. Later the imperial city magistrate acquired a decisive influence on salt production. In 1924, the state of Württemberg closed the saltworks for economic reasons, which at last only employed 30 to 35 people. Most of the buildings were subsequently demolished. Apart from the Haalbrunnen on the Haalplatz, which is used as a parking lot, there are hardly any visible traces of salt extraction.
Saline Wilhelmshall near Schwenningen Schwarzwald-Baar district Villingen-Schwenningen 1824 1865 Vacuum salt After a successful deep drilling in 1823, the brine was pumped up by means of two so-called horse arts. In five boiling houses, each with five boiling and steam pans, this salt works produced a total of around 160,000 t of evaporated salt during its operating time. Traces.
Saline Stetten Zollernalb district Stetten near Haigerloch 1854 1924 Vacuum salt In 1853 the Stetten salt mine found a rock salt store at a depth of 123 m. Dissolved pit salt was boiled in a single, 70 m² boiling pan. Annual production rose from an initial 600 t to almost 2000 t in 1896. The saltworks was shut down in 1924 and the building was later demolished. The Stetten salt mine is still in operation today.
Saline Sulz am Neckar Rottweil Sulz am Neckar before 1252 1924 Vacuum salt 2-3% brine. Initially 14 boiling huts, later a new, large boiling house with 4 boiling pans of 10 m² each. The straw graduation works that had existed since 1571 were demolished around 1750 and thorn graduation works were built in their place. The annual production, which for centuries was only 300 t, increased to 1000 t. Traces; In remembrance of the earlier importance of salt production from brine, the swimming pool has been filled with brine since the new outdoor pool was built, making it the only brine outdoor pool in the area.
Weissbach salt works Hohenlohe district Weissbach (Hohenlohe) before 1237 1827 Vacuum salt Salt production begins at the end of the Middle Ages. In the neighboring municipality of Niedernhall, 4% brine was extracted, which then flowed through wooden pipes to two salt pans in Weißbach, where the salt was obtained by heating. Annual production <100 t. In the 18th century, however, salt production became unprofitable because the salt content of the brine had decreased. One of the salt pans then became a mill. No traces.
Saline Wimpfen Heilbronn Bad Wimpfen 1763 1967 Vacuum salt Almost 2% brine, which is sometimes diluted up to 0.75%. Very unprofitable salt works. It was not until 1818 that a 142 m deep borehole produced saturated brine. 1821: Annual production 7,500 t, 15 years later already 13,000 t. Today the Solvay Fluor GmbH plant is located on the site of the old Outer Saline. Behind the viaduct, a small amount of brine is still extracted from a borehole for the plant's own use. However, salt production stopped in 1967.

Bavaria

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline Berchtesgaden Berchtesgadener Land Berchtesgaden 12th Century 1927 Vacuum salt Augustinian monks drove tunnels into the mountain near Schellenberg and came across rock salt. A salt works founded on this was closed in 1805 due to a lack of firewood. A second salt works (Saline Frauenreuth) had previously been built (1555) in Frauenreuth, east of today's Berchtesgaden train station on the Ramsauer Ache. A boiling pan (“Frauenreuther pan”) of around 250 m² installed there was a model for other alpine salt pans for centuries. The brine is produced in the Berchtesgaden salt mine through mining activities. Water is fed underground into the salt dome. The resulting saturated brine (about 312 grams of NaCl) is fed to a vacuum evaporator system in the Bad Reichenhall saltworks and the salt is thus recrystallized. The evaporated salt products are then dried and classified into different grain sizes and different additives, such as iodate or fluoride, in the case of table salt, are packaged with special process know-how.
Kissingen saltworks Bad Kissingen Bad Kissingen before 800 1968 Vacuum salt About 2.9% brine. The boiling plant was one of the smallest, but one of the oldest salt pans in Central Europe. Destruction in the Thirty Years War . Reconstruction in 1655. Annual production of up to 700 t evaporated salt. The summer ends in Bad Kissingen with the Salinenfest. The citizens and many guests from the near and far surrounding area look forward to celebrating in the idyllic inner courtyard of the Upper Saline, the most beautiful beer garden in the city.
Kronach salt works Kronach Kronach before 1600 around 1600 Vacuum salt There are only a few records about the former salt works. The 10 m deep salt water shaft discovered in 1904 could have been the former brine well. No traces.
Saline Reichenhall Berchtesgadener Land Bad Reichenhall at least since 696 until now Vacuum salt Central delivery shaft (main shaft) to avoid fresh water inflows. 1440: Construction of a paternoster pumping station (burned down in 1834). Later, two large water wheels were built, which conveyed the brine from the main shaft by means of 10 suction and pressure pumps. From there the brine was pumped into basins, from where the 4 new brewhouses were supplied. The old salt works still exists today as an industrial monument, the surrounding farm buildings are used as business and event rooms. The old brine springs in Reichenhall today do not supply enough salt for processing in the New Saline . The table salt processed there and sold internationally comes from three modern deep wells and from the Berchtesgaden salt mine .
Rosenheim saltworks Rosenheim (Upper Bavaria) Rosenheim 1810 1958 Vacuum salt Here, the brine conveyed by Reichenhall was soaked in a single boiler house with 4 pans of 80 m² each. In 1855 the boiling house was expanded by 2 pans. Annual production of up to 23,000 t of evaporated salt. Completely outdated brewing systems and the production of evaporated salt compared to the cheaper and more versatile rock salt that can be produced from mines made the Rosenheim saltworks a subsidy operation. Since the currency reform in 1948 it had caused a deficit of almost two million marks. The Rosenheim saltworks was dissolved on July 1, 1958. The buildings were demolished in 1967. With the closure of the salt works, the site was available for the structural development of the city. Urgent housing problems caused the demolition of the first saltworks to begin as early as March 1960. The first building to fall victim to the new tasks was a residential building (formerly Kurferbauernhaus) next to Pan V. Before the large brewhouse was demolished, there was a dispute with the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments, as this building wanted to be listed as a testimony to the history of the Rosenheim saltworks and as an important classicist industrial building.
Saline Soden am Main Miltenberg OT from Sulzbach am Main before 1248 1756 Vacuum salt Slightly salty brine. Few archival records. The salt works were closed in 1756, probably due to unprofitability. Today the source is used to produce mineral water.
Saline Traunstein Traunstein Traunstein 1619 1912 Vacuum salt Sooting of brine from Reichenhall, which came here via brine pipeline . The first brew took place on Aug. 5, 1619. A first boiling house had pans with a total area of ​​216 m². By 1622 3 more boiling houses and drying houses, storage vats for the brine, storage rooms for the evaporated salt and workers' apartments were built. At the end of the 19th century the annual salt production was approx. 8000 t. Many traces, former residential and brewhouses of the salt works.

Brandenburg

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Tremsdorf saltworks Potsdam-Mittelmark Tremsdorf around 1476 ? Vacuum salt (?) In 1476 the source was discovered in the Nuthe valley and Margrave Albrecht Achilles made preparations to build a salt works. In order to avoid industrial espionage through the nearby Halle salt works, experts were asked for support in the distant Schwäbisch Hall. However, since Albrecht left the mark again in the same year, efforts immediately came to a standstill. It was only his son Johann Cicero who looked for new ways of realizing this and in 1480 he gave shares to a pawnshop, which ensured the continuation of the company with their payments. There were 64 shareholders from the nobility, cities and civil servants. Traces.
Saline "Salzborn" (?) Potsdam-Mittelmark Salzbrunn south of Beelitz 1542 ? Vacuum salt (?) Most of the written information is available about the “Salzborn”, approx. 6 km south of Beelitz and near the Nieplitz . Preparations for the construction of the saltworks began in 1542. Three years later, the well builder Leonhard Raiman from Neuburg vorm Walde tried to start the work, built two Rosswerke and a pumping station, which, however, did not have sufficient capacity. Then in 1549 an offer came from the brothers Niklas and Hermann Hirsch to set up a "machine" that could bring up water from even the greatest depths. Therefore they were awarded building materials, workers, full maintenance and the exemption from any insight into their work, further shares in the salt works and 8,000 thalers reward. In the same year, however, an electoral commission found that the two master builders had not fulfilled their task and had left “only a weak machine made of iron”. Nevertheless, the Hirschs claimed their reward in a 19 year long process. Traces.
Selbelang salt works Havelland near Nauen middle Ages ? Vacuum salt (?) The information about the Selbelang saltworks near Nauen in Havelland is far more sparse . In 1712, Johann Christoph Bekmann described the remains of a more recent, contemporary attempt to resume salt production. So he found “scaffolding and other institutions there” in a pond. In addition, the entire area was populated by salt-loving plants and the soil was covered with incrustations of salt. The farmers collected these and used them "in their own right". They also boasted "that no one knew of any sheep deaths because the pasture was also mixed with salt". These descriptions lead to the assumption of a salt works in the 16th century, the exact location of which is not known. No traces.

Hesse

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Büdingen saltworks Wetteraukreis Büdingen 1730 1834 Vacuum salt One of the smallest salt pans that has ever existed. Only about 1.1% brine with low bulk. At the end of the 18th century the annual salt production was only 40-45 tons. Around 1820: new, deeper borehole tapped brine with a higher salt content. Construction of a 330 m long thorn graduation tower. Traces, street names.
Grossenlüder salt works Fulda Grossenlüder before 850 1797 Vacuum salt About 1.5% brine was allowed to trickle over 12 straw graduation works of 30 m length before it was soaked in a single boiling house in an 8 m² boiling pan. Traces, spa operations, numerous healing springs.
Saline Homburg vd Höhe Hochtaunuskreis Bad Homburg vor der Höhe before 773 1740 Vacuum salt About 1% brine in the fountain reached 9 straw graduation works by means of water power and from there into 3 boiling pans. Annual yield was max. 35 t vacuum salt. Traces.
Saline Karlshafen kassel Bad Karlshafen 1763 1945 Vacuum salt 50 m deep brine wells supplied about 3% brine, which trickled by means of hydropower over thorn graduation works of a total length of 500 m. Annual production: around 400 tons of salt. Health resort. A particularly visible sign of the healing properties of the brine spring is the graduation tower built in 1986 on the spa promenade. It is used for medical purposes only. Concentrated brine trickles over the graduation frame, which is equipped with blackthorn, and solid salt always crystallizes out.
Bad Nauheim salt works Wetteraukreis Bad Nauheim 3rd century BC Chr. 1959 Vacuum salt A Celtic salt works from the 3rd century BC was built in the center of the city. Excavated. Medieval salt production was first mentioned in 1266. In the 16th century, the Elector and Archbishop of Mainz ordered the construction of a graduation tower. It was stocked with straw and reeds. The enriched brine was then evaporated in boiling pans until salt crystals formed. In 1767 the thorn graduation was set up, thereby increasing the effectiveness. For this purpose, three new graduation towers and two boiling houses were built. The salt production could be increased to up to 8500 quintals per year. The brine is still used for healing purposes today. The graduation buildings, some of which are still preserved, are used for outdoor inhalation.
Saltworks Orb Main-Kinzig district Bad Orb before 1064 1899 Vacuum salt The production of salt from several brine springs shaped the medieval and early modern cityscape up to the 19th century. Salt was initially extracted within the city walls at today's “Solplatz” by evaporating the brine in large brewing kettles; To thicken and purify the brine, the method of box grading was first used. In large evaporation boxes, layers of clay, lime and gypsum with impressions from the wooden planks and beams were deposited and formed so-called “graduation stones”, which were later used as the foundations for the houses. Box grading was abandoned in the 18th century. Outside the city walls on what is now the Kurpark grounds, a new salt works was built with brewhouses, salt magazines, workshops and 10 graduation towers with thorn walls, in which the brine trickled several times over blackthorn branches over a total length of 2050 meters in order to ensure the concentration and purity of the salty water before it boiled to increase. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the production of "white gold" reached its peak with annual production of up to 2000 tons of salt. Already at the beginning of the 19th century, in view of the competition from industrial extraction processes, salt production from a weak well brine was unprofitable. The first considerations arose to use the natural product brine as an alternative medicinally. In 1837 the pharmacist Franz Leopold Koch (1782–1850), who was born in Erfurt and came to Bad Orb in 1807, founded the first brine bath with eight bath rooms. The buildings no longer exist. From around 1900 the professional health resort established itself. In 1912 the Kaiser Friedrich-Bad was built, which also no longer exists.
Saltworks in Salzhausen Wetteraukreis Bad Salzhausen before 1187 1860 Vacuum salt The place was first mentioned in 1187 as Salzhusen, i.e. houses by the salt springs. The first graduation tower was built around 1600. An important step forward compared to the previous boiling in pans. The 18th century was the heyday of salt production. Up to 4,600 quintals of salt were extracted each year. The prerequisites for a spa business were created from 1824. The Kurhaus was built and the Kurpark was laid out. In 1860 the production of salt was stopped. Only the spa was maintained. A second spa park was set up in the 1950s. The brine bath offers exercise baths and many other forms of therapy.
Saline Salzschlirf Fulda Bad Salzschlirf before 1278 1816 Vacuum salt The almost 1% brine was enriched in a 750 m long graduation tower. Three water wheels with a diameter of 9 m were used to operate the brine pumps. Traces, health resort.
Saline Soden ad Kinzing Main-Kinzig district Bad Soden-Salmünster before 900 1540 Vacuum salt One of the oldest salt pans in the Wetterau. Salty springs were found in the area around 900 and came into the possession of the Fulda monastery. Around 1190, Sodin was mentioned in a document from Abbot Konrad II of Fulda (1177–1192). In 1296 the settlement below Stolzenberg Castle was raised to the status of town by Adolf von Nassau under the name "Stolzental"; the village of salt boilers was incorporated into it and ultimately prevailed in terms of its name. Whether Stolzenberg Castle performed a protective function for the brine springs is not historically certain Traces, health resort. With the Spessart-Therme, Bad Soden built a thermal bath and sauna landscape based on the contemporary concept of wellness .
Saline Soden am Taunus Main-Taunus-Kreis Bad Soden am Taunus before 1433 1817 Vacuum salt In 1437 the Soden salt springs were mentioned in an imperial document. The weak, only about 1% fountain brine was passed over straw graduation works with a total length of almost 900 m and 10 m width in order to enrich it. A representation from 1802 shows a "more modern" thorn graduation tower of more than 200 m in length. There has been a spa in Soden since 1701, the first spa and bathing house was built in 1722, the old spa park from 1822. The core of the new "Quellenpark" is the brine fountain. It is a fluoride and carbonated sodium chloride thermal bath. In 1567 the source was checked by the Frankfurt City Council and approved for salt extraction. As a result, the salt water from the spring was fed into the local salt pans, where salt was extracted. From 1854 the spring was used as a spa and drinking fountain. In 1856 there was a new version with a hole 6 meters deep. In 1886 the "Sodenia Pavilion" was built over the spring. It is a symbol of the city.
Saline Sooden-Allendorf Werra-Meißner district Bad Sooden-Allendorf before 776 1906 Vacuum salt For more than 1000 years, until the end of the 19th century, salt was extracted from brine in boiling houses. The brine was extracted from a deposit under the city. The abolition of the salt monopoly as a result of the annexation to Prussia in 1866 led to a drop in prices, which led to the abandonment of salt production. The last salt was extracted in 1906. The last of the 22 graduation towers still supplies the Kurmittelhaus with 12% brine. Once over straw, today over blackthorn, the brine trickles down so that it is "graded" (concentrated) by evaporation of water as it drips down. This saved a lot of wood when boiling and later lignite in order to obtain the salt. The last still standing graduation tower was originally longer and was given a covered walkway in 1887 in order to serve as an inhalatorium to this day. Even today, the fountain festival, which takes place every year at Whitsun, is a reminder of the time when salt was extracted. A true-to-original pan demonstrates how salt was extracted in the past. The salt is then sold in a salt museum; the history of salt production is also presented there.
Saline Trais-Horloff to water Trais-Horloff , district of Hungen 1763 1808 Vacuum salt Little information has been handed down. The weakly soldered brine was graded and soaked in a single boiling house. The smallest saltworks in Germany, perhaps in the whole world, is in Hungen-Trais-Horloff. It stands on the outskirts, near the Horloff, and is fed by the water from the old Sauerbrunnen.
Wisselsheim saltworks Wetteraukreis Wisselsheim before 1255 1830 Vacuum salt The weak brine of the fountain was first directed over straw and later (after 1767) over newly built thorn graduation works. Traces, in 1936 the Wisselsheim salt marshes were declared a nature reserve because rare salt plants grow there.

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline Conow Ludwigslust-Parchim Malliss , OT Conow before 1307 1746 Vacuum salt In a report from 1657 it says: "The brine is pumped into the lowest boxes of the lickwork by human hands, the straw mats hung in the lickwork are watered by human hands and the brine gets - certainly little graded - into the very small pans of the boiling house, each boiling plant has about 2 to 3 tons of salt pr. Spend 6 bushels, keeping the soole in constant boiling for 24 hours using 2 strands of 8, 8 u. 4 feet to be burned. The product is very well praised and, according to the unanimous opinion of all princely kitchen servants, is declared to be better than the Lüneburg salt. " Only the typical salt flora on a pasture paddock in the Conow district is reminiscent of the Conow salt spring. This was dug up in 1975 and sampled. The salt content of NaCl was 22,990 g / ml.
Greifswald salt works Vorpommern-Greifswald Greifswald before 1248 1872 Vacuum salt In the vicinity of the city, brine springs appeared on the Baltic coast as early as the Middle Ages, which were probably used even before the city was founded. Around 1845 a graduation tower 330 m long was built. 8 "wind skills" to drive the brine pumps. 3 boiling pans of 30 m² each. Annual salt production around 450 t. Traces, street name "Salinenstraße".
Saline to radon Guestrow Bad Doberan 3 years ago until now Vacuum salt Sea salt near Güstrow, towards Wossidlo School Traces, spa operations.
Saline to Sülten Ludwigslust-Parchim Bruel 1222 around 1750 Vacuum salt Probably the oldest salt works in Mecklenburg. In a document dated June 7, 1222, Prince Borwin gave the Antonius Monastery of Tempzin near Brüel a salt pan at the place where salt is boiled . Salt works with boiling huts, "Roßkünsten" and graduation tower. Traces.

Lower Saxony

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Barnstorf Saline Diepholz Barnstorf before 1348 around 1745 Vacuum salt Brine with a very low salt content. Around 1675 the yield from three boiling huts was only 30 t / a. Boiling stopped at the beginning of the 18th century. Around 1743, Duke Carl I ordered it to be rebuilt. A new well house and a boiling hut were built. But profitability could not be achieved. Traces.
Saline Benthe Hanover region OT from Ronnenberg 1902 20s Vacuum salt In 1895 Kaliwerke Benthe AG began exploring salt deposits. When an abyssal shaft drowned in October 1901 at a depth of 238 as a result of an ingress of lye, it was decided from then on to soot this brine. In 1904 the salt works with a total pan area of ​​1600 m³ produced around 15,500 t of evaporated salt. Traces, street names.
Bodenfelde salt works Northeim Bodenfelde before 833 1687 Vacuum salt The brine had a low salt content (approx. 4%) and was later enriched with so-called boysalz (imported, relatively impure salt from sea salines) before the Sotten. Traces, street names.
Eldagsen salt works Hanover region Eldagsen 1832 1851 Vacuum salt The brine only had a low salt content of around 2%. Max. Salt production per year <100 t. No traces.
Saline Luisenhall Goettingen Goettingen 1854 til today Vacuum salt The Saline Luisenhall in Grone, a district of Göttingen, is by its own admission the last commercial pan boiler in Europe to be in operation. The salt works built by Philipp Rohns in the Leinetal began to produce salt in 1854. After the early death of the company founder in 1860, after several changes of ownership in 1881, the company was transferred to the Levin family from Göttingen, who ran the company until the beginning of the 1990s. To this day, the natural brine extracted from an underground salt store is brought to crystallization in open pans according to a principle that has been used since the Middle Ages. While Luisenhall has no architectural or operational features compared to comparable saltworks from the 19th century, its preservation as the last salt works in Germany to work according to the pan-boiling process (after the "Oberilm" saltworks, which was founded in 1903 in Stadtilm in Thuringia) is important as an industrial monument too, which is not sufficiently taken into account in the current form of use.
Saline Groß Rhüden Goslar Rhüden , OT von Seesen 1685 1865 Vacuum salt 8% brine from a 30 foot (about 10 m) deep well. Graduation tower 1046 feet long. 2 pans of 20 × 14 × 8 feet. Up to 300 t of the best evaporated salt annually. Traces.
Harzburg Saltworks Goslar Bad Harzburg 1569 1849 Vacuum salt In 1569 Duke Julius found a brine spring and opened it up for the Juliushall salt works. The brine containing weak salts was soaked in 4 boiling huts. All villages were destroyed in the Thirty Years War. From 1831 Neustadt was known as a spa and bathing resort. In 1851 the saltworks was closed and the actual bathing business started. Spa and bathing resort.
Saline Heyersum Hildesheim OT from Nordstemmen 1604 1876 Vacuum salt Brine about 2-3%. Two fountains and two graduation towers. After grading, the salinity was around 8-12%. In total, the boiling took a week, with around 1 t of salt being produced in each of the 3 boiling pans with an area of ​​20 m². Remnants of the saltworks have been preserved.
Saline Egestorffhall Hanover region District of Hanover 1831 1962 Vacuum salt Also known under the name "Die Alte Saline". Initially slightly salty brine, later (from 1837) saturated brine from a deep borehole. In 1872 a second saltworks was added. With an annual production of over 56,000 t of evaporated salt, the salt works was one of the largest salt works in Central Europe. The brine, extracted from 5 boreholes from 150 to 225 m deep, was soaked in 30 boiling pans with a total area of ​​over 3000 m². From 1882, another saltworks, the Georgenhall saltworks, was founded. No traces.
Saline Lüneburg Luneburg Luneburg 10th century 1980 Vacuum salt The center was formed by the sod (= salt well) surrounded by 54 boiling huts. The four boiling pans of the boiling huts, named after their first owners, were supplied with brine via channels and channels. The brine was transported from the boiling chamber to the surface in buckets and distributed from there to the 216 boiling pans. On the Siedegelände there was also a salt booth used for retail sales, as well as a customs booth responsible for judicial salt matters. Today only small amounts of brine are pumped for the spa in the Lüneburg salt thermal baths . The saltworks now houses a supermarket and the German Salt Museum .
Saline Münder Hameln-Pyrmont Bad Münder before 1033 1925 Vacuum salt About 13% brine, 10 boiling huts with 4 pans each. Thorn graduation from the first half of the 19th century. Annual salt production up to 700 t. Health resort. Graduation tower at the Kurmittelhaus.
Saline Neindorf Wolfenbüttel OT from Thought 1900 1923 Vacuum salt A pan saline produced around 20,000 t of evaporated salt annually from dissolved rock salt from the local salt mine. In October 1921 the mine drowned as a result of an ingress of lye / water. Thus the crude salt for the boiling operation was also omitted. At Easter 1936 the water-filled collapse crater, still visible today, was created over the shaft area with an earthquake-like roar, in which all the buildings of the potash plant also sank, including the five-storey, 40 × 20 × 20 m former loosing house and a large chimney.
Saline Ölsburg Torment Ölsburg 1874 before 1900 Vacuum salt A pan saline processed dissolved rock salt from a mine. The annual production was 1500 t. No traces.
Saline Oesdorf Hameln-Pyrmont District of Bad Pyrmont 1732 1867 Vacuum salt 3% brine, 3 thorn gradients, boiling house with two 54 m² pans. Enormous wood consumption in the salt works: 3000 to 4000 cubic meters of wood were burned for 200 to 300 tons of salt per year. Kurbad uses the brine springs for a variety of therapeutic applications. The carbon dioxide that escapes from the springs is also used therapeutically. Six healing springs are used today, from which the Hufelandtherme - a public wellness pool with a sauna area - is supplied.
Rodenberg salt works Schaumburg Rodenberg before 1470 1876 Vacuum salt Brine springs 2 km southwest of Rodenberg were used there as early as the Middle Ages. Since there was no hydropower available in Soldorf , the salt works 2 km east of the village was rebuilt. An artificial wheel powered by the “Rodenberger Aue” carried the 1.5% brine over a graduation tower 220 m long and 16 m high. There was also a boiling house with 4 boiling pans. The new saline was named after the corridor "Saline Masch". No traces.
Rothenfelde salt works Osnabrück Bad Rothenfelde 1724 1969 Vacuum salt At first, a weakly salty brine source was used. Coincidentally, on September 22, 1724, another spring was found some distance away with a higher bed and a higher salt content (approx. 7%). The graduation tower built in 1773/74 is still standing today. Today's health resort has an approximately 18-hectare park with two graduation towers. In addition to the old graduation tower, a second one with a length of 412 meters was built in 1824. This graduation tower has no lateral struts and is therefore the largest column-free graduation tower in Western Europe. In 2008, the reconstruction of a wind art was built on the "New Graduation Tower", a coker windmill that used to be used to pump the brine onto the Graduation Tower.
Saline salt dahlum Wolfenbüttel Salt dahlum around 1300 1853 Vacuum salt 6% brine. Instead of a so-called pancake, 6 of the 17 boiling huts belonged to the sovereign, 2 to the city council of Braunschweig , 6 to some monasteries and 3 different noble families. Around 1800 there were three brine wells, four boiling huts, a water wheel, a boiling house with drying chamber and a graduation tower. The annual production of evaporated salt was around 500 t. To the south of the “Salzbergstraße” from Salzdahlum to Sickte, there is a small hill on the honeycomb, where salt water still emerges today and defines the vegetation.
Saline Salzderhelden Northeim Salzderhelden, OT von Einbeck around 1173 (?) 1960 Vacuum salt 3% brine. Brine extraction from an approximately 7 m deep well using a water art . A thorn graduation tower was built later. After 1850, 2 deep boreholes developed saturated brine. As a result, salt production increased five-fold to approx. 4000 t / a. Around 1900 there were 9 boiling pans with an area of ​​over 475 m². In the course of the 1990s, however, the bathing business also ended and the residential buildings and bathing houses were sold. The derrick and the reservoir are still owned by the city of Einbeck. The function of the old pumping system can still be clearly seen in the derrick, but some maintenance measures are necessary in order to preserve the last remainder of the 800 to 900 year old Salzderhelden saltworks history [17] .
Saltworks in Salzdetfurth Hildesheim Bad Salzdetfurth 12th Century 1948 Vacuum salt 7% brine, boiling huts with individual pans, thorn graduation. Largest production around 1920 with approx. 2000 t evaporated salt / a. Brine spa, thermal brine indoor pool, "Brine-Saline-Potash Museum".
Saline Salzgitter , also called "Liebenhalle" or "Salzliebenhalle" City of Salzgitter Salzgitter bath 10th century 1926 Vacuum salt 7% brine. The saltworks flourished under Duke Julius. In 1579 there were 15 boiling huts, each with four boiling pans, each with an area of ​​4 m², and around 1588 even 20 boiling huts. In 1609 a straw graduation house was built, which enriched the brine to a salt content of 16%. Today's district of Salzgitter-Bad (town charter around 1450, brine bath since 1830) was created in the 14th century around brine springs in the area of ​​the later abandoned village of Vepstedt (or Vöppstedt). The springs were named "solt to gyter" after the neighboring village of lattice, from which the current name of the city is derived. The brine is still extracted today and used in the nearby thermal brine bath of Salzgitter-Bad.
Saltworks in Salzhemmendorf Hameln-Pyrmont Salzhemmendorf 12th Century 1872 Vacuum salt 7% brine. Already in the Middle Ages 12 boiling huts, production around 500 t of salt / year Saltwater spring Salzhemmendorf, Ith-Sole-Therme Salzhemmendorf.
Saline Schöningen Helmstedt Schöningen 8th century 1970 Vacuum salt 6% brine. The salt production in the 13 thatched boiling huts was 200-300 t evaporated salt / year. In 1749 the old boiling huts were demolished, larger ones and a graduation tower were built. 1918: Annual production at 22,000 t. 1950–1953 vacuum systems were built, which delivered 80,000 t and the conventional boiling pans still 25,000 t of evaporated salt. Traces.
Saline Stade Stade Stade 1873 2003 Vacuum salt The first wells took place in 1870 and found saturated brine. In 1872 there were 6 boiling houses. The location was today's festival area Harburger Straße. In 1873 the first sack of salt was filled. In the same year, 210 ships with Stader salt left for West Africa. In 1919 Stade becomes the seat of the Export Association of German Saltworks. In February 1945, the saltworks was shut down and operations continued in 1946. The "new saltworks" in Bassenfleth started operations in 1964, from 1984 it was drawing hot steam from the Stade nuclear power plant , and in 2003 it was shut down. Traces.
Saline Sülbeck Northeim Sulbeck 11th century 1950 Vacuum salt About 3% sol source that has been graded. In 1718 the brine had a salinity of 9.4% (3 Lot) to 11% (3½ Lot). The graded brine at least 10 solder. Around 1850, a deep borehole produced saturated brine. At the beginning of the 20th century, about 6000 tons of evaporated salt were boiled annually in 7 pans; around 1930 to 9000 t / a. Since 1955: The company "Natursole Sülbeck" sells brine from a borehole to therapeutic baths and for technical purposes. 1984: The two drilling rigs from 1865 and 1882 and the brine reservoir from 1882 are declared "technical monuments of national importance" by the state of Lower Saxony.
Saline brawn Celle OT of mountains before 1379 1862 Vacuum salt Brine springs, 3%. Around 1600 there were 7 boiling huts, each with an iron boiling pan a. 6 m² (peat-fired). At the beginning of the 18th century, a graduation tower 200 m long and 7 m high was built. Traces, street names, relics in the city museum.
Saline Thiede City of Salzgitter Thiede 1896 1924 Vacuum salt Ancillary operation of the Thiederhall potash plant , mining rock salt, was closed and then soaked in boiling pans. Traces.

North Rhine-Westphalia

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline divine gift Steinfurt Rheine 1022 til today Vacuum salt 1022 First documented mention, donation of the salt works to the Bishop of Münster; 1743 Conversion into a saltworks partnership, which in turn becomes an AG in 1900. 1923: Saline becomes property of the city of Rheine. 1952: cessation of boiling operation, 1975: cessation of bathing operation. The buildings of the Gottesgabe saltworks, which are preserved and renovated today, are among the oldest technical cultural monuments in Westphalia from pre-industrial times. The heart of the facility is the salt boiler house with its historic salt stores, furnaces and large iron boiling pans.
Saline Halle iW Gutersloh Halle (Westphalia) middle Ages around 1680 Vacuum salt Only very weak brine. Due to inefficiency, the boiling operation has been stopped / resumed several times over the decades. Traces.
Saltworks new salt works Minden-Lübbecke Bad Oeynhausen 1750 1928 Vacuum salt In 1745 Colon Sultemeyer was amazed at the salty crust on his pigs after they rolled in the mud. After the discovery of this find, King Friedrich II ordered the construction of a salt works, which was named “Königliche Saline Neusalzwerk”. Today the Sülemeyer fountain ("pig fountain") in the center of Bad Oeynhausen commemorates this beginning of urban development. In the years from 1830 onwards, the mining captain Karl von Oeynhausen (1795–1865) drilled for further salt deposits on the grounds of today's spa gardens, but instead came across a thermal brine spring in 1845. The healing power of this spring was quickly recognized and the first thermal baths were built in the place that was now called "Neusalzwerk bei Rehme". Approval of the bathing operation by the Ministry of Finance in December 1844. In 1848 King Friedrich Wilhelm IV gave the place the name “Königliches Bad Oeynhausen”. Traces, spa and bathing operations.
Saline Rheine i. W. Steinfurt Rheine before 1022 1953 Vacuum salt  For centuries, salt was boiled here only for the surrounding monasteries. After 1601 Alexander von Velen took over the salt works. Within a few years a straw graduation tower 18 m long and 6 m wide and a boiling house with 4 pans were built. The salt works is a technical monument and is located in the immediate vicinity of the Bentlage monastery. It can be visited with a guide on the salt route of the Bentlager Dreiklang.
Salzkotten saltworks Paderborn Salzkotten before 1160 1908 Vacuum salt Almost 7% brine. Around 1850: modernization of the plant, boiler house with 7 pans with 150 m² floor space each, annual production was 1500 t. From the sintered brine minerals from the artesian Unitas spring, the oldest spring in Salzkotten, the Kütfelsen, about four meters high and about 200 meters in diameter, was built, which is now partially built over. The oldest layers are estimated to be 15,000 years old. The brine used to flow from the spring in wooden and later in lead pipes to the graduation tower. Rare salt plants such as swaths of salt, beach asters, salt rushes, salt flakes and salt tricorns grow on the rock.
Saline Salzuflen lip Bad Salzuflen before 1048 1945 Cooking, cattle, industrial and bath salt Approx. 9% brine. 12 boiling huts, each with a small lead pan. Salzuflen was one of the last salt pans that did not switch to iron pans until 1591. Daily facilities: brine pumps, salt works and bathing facilities. Workforce in 1936: 170 men. A remnant of the salt production are the graduation towers with a length of 424 m in the past, today approx. 300 m. Of the four original graduation towers, only two have been completely preserved. A third, whose origins go back to the 17th century, had to be demolished because it was in disrepair. After a council decision it was rebuilt as an adventure graduation and was inaugurated on July 28, 2007.
Saline Sassendorf Soest Bad Sassendorf before 1175 1952 Vacuum salt The land registers of Werden / Ruhr Abbey recorded the first records of salt production in Hellweg as early as the 10th century. Ibrahim Ibn Ahmad, the envoy of the Caliph of Cordoba, described the Westphalian salt production in Soest in his travel report on the way to Emperor Otto the Great from 973. In the 13th century, a constant number of 5 brine wells and 49 boiling huts, each with a small lead pan, had established themselves into the following centuries. 17 written requests from around 1817 prove that Sassendorf brine was used for bathing and healing purposes. Around 1836 2500–4000 tons of salt were extracted. In 1852 some wooden bathtubs were set up on the saltworks site. These form the basis for the first spa house and today's medicinal baths. As a result of the mining of salt, salt extraction by boiling lost its importance. In 1934 salt production was largely stopped; a single pan worked after the end of the Second World War until 1952. In 1975 Bad Sassendorf was officially recognized as a moor and brine spa.
Saline Soest Soest Soest 6th century 13th Century(?) Vacuum salt Only very sparse archival documents on the boiling operation have come down to us. The Soest salt works already existed around 591, as the laboratory examination of the wood shows. This makes it an exception, because archaeologists have so far only been able to prove salt production sites in a few locations throughout Europe. Since the excavators also found pieces of lead while no clay vessels remained, the archaeologist and book author Dr. Susanne Jülich that the Soest boiling masters used lead pans. The archaeologists examined the Soest saltworks from 1980 to 1982. They found the remains of the ovens on which the salt water was boiled where there is now a department store. They also discovered remains of wood from firewood storage areas and stove enclosures, the wooden cover of a canal and the remains of wattle fences.
Saline Unna, Saline Königsborn Unna Königsborn (Unna) before 1389 1940 Vacuum salt Up to 6% brine. The boiling stoves of the 5 pans have been heated with coal since around 1600! It is handed down from 1782 that the graduation system was 900 m long. A brine tank held 1200 m³ of brine. 2.8 t of evaporated salt were produced each working day in 28 pans. Traces.
Werdohl salt works Märkischer Kreis Werdohl before 1629 around 1800 Vacuum salt 3% brine. Sparse records about the salt works. No traces.
Werl saltworks Soest Werl 9th century 1919 Vacuum salt Brine 6%. In the 18th century there were 14 small graduation towers and 16 boiling huts with one pan each. Today only the spa gardens and numerous street names remind of the former salt production. The park is the green lung of the city of Werl. The park is equipped with a replica of a graduation house, i.e. a construction made of wood and blackthorn branches used for salt extraction, as well as a replica boiling hut in which salt boiling is shown as it was operated in Werl for centuries.
Westernkotten saltworks Soest District of Erwitte before 1027 1943 (?) Vacuum salt In the early days the typical boiling operation prevailed. It was not until the middle of the 19th century that a new, approximately 8% thermal brine was drilled. Up to 1500 tons of salt were produced annually. Bad Westernkotten is now a state-approved spa, whose healing indications are based on the local remedies brine and moor. In 1842, Rentmeister Erdmann, a manager of the von Papen family, who were well-to-do in Westernkotten, used brine for healing purposes for the first time, thus laying the foundation for today's health resort.

Rhineland-Palatinate

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline Diedelkopf Kusel District of Kusel 1597 around 1750 Vacuum salt Only 1% brine. After all, 77 Malter (= 8 t) salt were already sold in 1598. The income generated from this already exceeded the expenditure. The expenses also include items for beef blood, eggs and butter. These were the usual additives for cleaning brine at the time. The annual production soon rose to around 50 t of evaporated salt. Traces. Subsequent attempts to promote brine and also to use it for a spa up until the last decades of the 20th century were ultimately unsuccessful.
Saline Dürkheim Bad Dürkheim Bad Dürkheim before 1387 1913 Vacuum salt 2% brine. Initially very unprofitable salt works. Only after 1736 were 5 new graduation towers (total length 2300 m), boiling houses, brine tanks and salt stores built. The annual production soon reached 600 t. Graduation tower (Bad Dürkheim) On April 7, 2007, a fire destroyed the 330 m long structure. Around 200 firefighters were involved in fighting the fire. The listed landmark of the spa town from 1847 was partially burned down in 1992.

The saltworks was rebuilt and has been operating again since 2010. The saltworks is used as an open-air entertainment site.

Salines Theodorshalle and Karlshalle Bad Kreuznach Bad Kreuznach since around the 17th century up to now still in brine baths Vacuum salt Usual contemporary salt works with graduation tower, boiling house and boiling pans. Today the salty water comes from a 500 m deep spring in the Salinental. It feeds the graduation towers, the open-air inhalatorium in the spa park with the brine atomizer and the thermal baths as well as some rehabilitation clinics.
Saline Munster am Stein Bad Kreuznach Bad Münster am Stein-Ebernburg , OT of Bad Kreuznach before 1487 1945 Vacuum salt Approx. 1% brine. Little has been handed down from the early days. On October 7, 1843, the Prussian tax authorities bought the facilities for 70,000 thalers. Annual salt production around 450 t. In 1871 the municipality of Münster acquired the salt works. Dorngradierwerk, open-air inhalatorium.

Saarland

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Rilchingen salt works Regional association Saarbrücken OT from Kleinblittersdorf 1790 1836 Vacuum salt In the saline, the spring water was pumped several times over a frame made of branches (graduation tower). Due to the evaporation of water, the salt content increased from approx. 2% to approx. 12%. This “thickened” brine was then evaporated in large pans over fires. Despite its initial success, the saltworks were doomed to failure - probable causes: the relatively low salt content of the Rilching brine, the turmoil of the French Revolution, competition from the French salt producers in nearby Lorraine, and the new sovereign Prussia (after the fall of Napoleon) owned the salt monopoly and dictated a sales price which was not cost-covering for Rilchingen. traces
Sulzbach-Saar salt works Regional association Saarbrücken Sulzbach / Saar 1560 1736 Vacuum salt Despite the first documentary mention of “solzpach” in 1346, the Sulzbacher salt history, which gave the city its name, did not begin until 1549. Because at that time Sulzbach, which had previously been under several gentlemen, went completely in through an exchange deal with the Count Palatine of Zweibrücken the possession of the County of Nassau-Saarbrücken over. From the year 1549 we have the news that the salt well was "opened and used, that is, the salt alda boiled and made" in that year Salzherrenhaus and Salzbrunnenhaus.
Merzig saltworks Merzig-Wadern Merzig 2007 in operation Vacuum salt (?) The saline was put into operation in 2007 and is fed with the healing water of the Bietz healing spring. The saltworks is open to the public. It is located in the city park of Merzig. Next to her there is also a drinking fountain with the Biezer healing water. It is open seasonally from May to October. It is the only active salt works in Saarland. completely preserved

Saxony

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline Altensalz Vogtland district Aging salt before 1493 1739 Vacuum salt For centuries, brine springs have emerged here, which did not originate from direct rock salt deposits, but instead flowed underground from the Thuringian basin. Extensive saline buildings including a graduation tower were not built until around 1721. With the construction of the Pöhl dam, the salt spring came into its storage area, was closed in 1964 and is now below the water level of the dam.
Erlbach saltworks Vogtland district Erlbach 15th century 1701 Vacuum salt The oldest documented mention dates back to 1464, when Engelhard Thoss was enfeoffed with a salt well. The pending brine only had a salt content of 1%, which actually precluded a profitable boiling operation from the outset. Later other owners of the saltworks also failed, until operations were finally shut down in 1701. No traces.

Saxony-Anhalt

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Saline Angersdorf Saalekreis Angersdorf 1928 1969 Vacuum salt Actually not a saltworks in the true sense of the word. Dissolved rock salt brine from the Angersdorf mine was boiled in boiling pans. Traces.
Aschersleben salt works Salzlandkreis Aschersleben 12th Century 1746 Vacuum salt In the east of the city, according to uncertain information, a brine spring is said to have been used for salt production as early as the 12th century. In the first half of the 15th century, there were 2 boiling huts in the Badenstedter Flur. Traces.
Saline Auleben Mansfeld-Südharz Outdoor life at Kelbra 1540 1620 Vacuum salt The starting point was a source of salt, which is still pouring today, near Numburg, between Auleben and Kelbra, in the immediate vicinity of the Kyffhäuser Mountains. Mining shafts and tunnels were used to hold the brine. The brine extracted was temporarily transported to Kelbra via a pipeline. After several unsuccessful attempts to revive the saltworks that had been abandoned for economic reasons, efforts were stopped in the 17th century. Traces.
Saline Beesenlaublingen Salzlandkreis OT by experts 1874 1956 Vacuum salt Saturated brine was produced from a 265 m deep borehole. The boiling was done in two pans of 140 m² each and dried in a pan with a floor area of ​​80 m². The fuel was lignite. Annual production around 1900: around 4,000 tons of table salt. Traces.
Bernburg salt works Salzlandkreis Bernburg 1856 1873 Vacuum salt Mining rock salt, dissolved in water to saturation, was boiled in boiling pans. Discontinued in 1873 due to unprofitability. No traces.
Bad Dürrenberg salt works Saalekreis Bad Durrenberg May 3, 1744 1963/64 Table salt, cattle and industrial salt, brine for the brine bath Old lawful 120 ha, 41 ares, 93 m². 9 boiling houses with 9 boiling pans of 960 m² pan surface, graduation towers of 1,731 m total length, brine tanks with 24,000 m³ volume. The old mine shaft was 223 m deep. New brine well inaugurated on June 24, 2000. Of the former five graduation towers, the graduation towers I to III with their connecting structures in the area of ​​the spa park are still partially or completely preserved. At over 636 m in length, Bad Dürrenberg has the longest preserved graduation facility in Europe.
Erdeborn salt works Mansfeld-Südharz Erdeborn 15th century 16th Century Vacuum salt Sparse historical records. In 1675 Bergvoigt Tobias Senff found a shaft well and traces of three boiling huts between Erdeborn and Röblingen. No traces.
Saline Halle , Hallesche Pfänkeit Halle (Saale) Halle (Saale) early middle ages 1964 Vacuum salt 4 Solbrunnen on today's Hallmarkt: Meteritz- and Gutjahrbrunnen, Hackescher- and Deutscher Born. Salt production fluctuates strongly (e.g. 1931: 1950 t; 1934: 9386 t). The brine had approx. 21% NaCl. The partnership salt works were closed in 1869. As early as 1721, the Royal Prussian Saline was built on a Saale island, to which the brine was initially fed via a pipeline from Hallmarkt. From 1926 a new brine well was sunk on the wood yard to the south. In 1868 this saltworks was taken over by the Halleschen Pfänerschaft; Decommissioned in 1964. Today Halloren and Saline Museum. The monthly show boiling in the boiling house, where the technology and working methods of salt production from the extraction of the brine to the packaging of the evaporated salt from the 19th century are presented, is the main attraction of the museum. The Schausaline sells its annual production of around 70 tons to visitors and bakers of the city.
Saline Kösen Burgenland district OT from Naumburg (Saale) 1731 1859 Vacuum salt 1730: At a depth of 147 m, a shaft opened up a 4% brine. In 1731 a graduation tower and a boiling house with three pans were built. Annual production: around 2500 t evaporated salt. 325 m long graduation tower, brine shaft, health resort.
Saline Kötzschau Saalekreis OT from Leuna before 1333 1859 Vacuum salt In the villages of Kötzschau and Teuditz, which are only 3 km away, the brine that came to light was used for salt production as early as the Middle Ages. Unprofitable led to the closure of the business in Teuditz in 1614. In 1616, a brine shaft and boiling houses were built in the Kötzschau salt works. Traces.
Poserna saltworks Burgenland district OT from Lützen 1577 1588 Vacuum salt Difficult geological conditions when sinking the brine well, without success. More than 160,000 guilders lost effort. Traces, salt marshes.
Salt pans to Schönebeck Salzlandkreis Schönebeck (Elbe) Early 12th century 1967 Evaporated salt, brine extraction for bathing The oldest saltworks in the Schönebeck area was in the village of Elmen, first documented in 1197. The brine had a salt content of around 14%. In the 13th century, another boiling plant was built near Schadeleben. For them the name "dat grote Solt", Saline Groß Salze, became common around 1230. The Elmen salt works were called "dat olle Solt", old salts. This was shut down in 1369 and the well filled up. Sales problems and royal orders also led to the closure of the Groß Salze salt works in 1797. In 1704 a new state saltworks was founded in Schönebeck. First of all, brine fed in from Elmen was soaked here via pipes. Around 1720 a new well, 57 m deep, found suitable brine with a high fill. In 1774 an even more abundant spring (1.6 m³ / min) was opened up in "Shaft No. 3" at a depth of 81 m. In 1780 a 1200 m long graduation tower and 15 large boiling houses with a total of 86 pans were built. From 1857 the brine was enriched with rock salt from the Staßfurt mine, and from 1890 with rock salt brine dissolved underground from the specially dug “Graf-Moltke-Schacht”. Explanation: The old Elmen continued to exist as the village of Alt-Salze. It was united with the city of Groß-Salze in 1894. In 1926 the city of Groß-Salze was renamed Salzelmen. On April 13, 2005, the Bad Salzelmen district finally received the status of a spa. 350 m of the graduation tower, which was originally used for brine refinement, have been preserved and are used for spa purposes.
Saline Staßfurt Salzlandkreis Staßfurt before 1170 1859 Vacuum salt The Staßfurt salt works were located on the right bank of the Bode in 1170. Owners were several Pfänner. The brine was lifted from a well over 60 m deep with large buckets by the power of two horses each ("Roßkunst"). 17% brine; at the beginning of the 16th century 30 boiling huts. In addition to the boiling masters and boiling servants, the pan workers continued to employ counters, pan smiths, blacksmiths, rope makers, carpenters and pan scrapers. All workers were obliged by oath to remain silent about the processes in the salt works until the end of their lives and to always boil the same salt according to an ancient method. Brittle contract were to forever be banished from the city. traces
Suderode Saltworks resin Bad Suderode before 1480 1636 Vacuum salt Brine shaft with 1.1% brine. Admixtures u. a. of calcium chloride. The health resort, which is classified as a calcium brine medicinal bath, has a very special medicinal water. The Behringer Brunnen is one of the strongest calcium sources in Europe. In the spa center there is a 32 ° C calcium brine bath with a sauna area, bath house and conference center. The healing effects mainly affect bones, back, circulation and respiratory tract.
Sülldorf saltworks and soles Magdeburg Beyendorf-Sohlen = district of Magdeburg before 1299 1726 Vacuum salt 3% brine source in Sülldorf. It has not been established whether the Siedehütten in Sülldorf and in Sohlen belonged to the same pancake or were independent. Traces.
Saline Teutschenthal Saalekreis Teutschenthal 1912 1947 Vacuum salt Rock salt extracted underground was dissolved and then boiled in a boiling pan with an annual capacity of several thousand tons. A vacuum boiling plant also existed here from the 1930s. No traces.
Saline Thale resin Thale 1595 before 1620 Vacuum salt The quality of the brine (high magnesium and calcium content), the later Hubertus spring , made the boiling operation unattractive. To increase the salt concentration of the brine, 11 straw graduation towers (length 30 to 60 m) were built. Traces, brine spring.

Schleswig-Holstein

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Oldesloe salt works Stormarn Bad Oldesloe 12th Century 1865 Vacuum salt Around 1150, the Oldesloer Saline was the most important commercial enterprise in the domain of Adolf II. Disputes between him and Heinrich the Lion led in 1153 to the destruction of the saltworks by Heinrich the Lion, who justified this step in the tradition of Helmold with the competition to the Lüneburg salt mines. From this the “false” hope was derived that the salt works would be just as productive as the Lüneburg salt mines. The salt content of the brine was only 2%. A Count von Dernath had been a leaseholder of the salt works since 1773. Under his direction, the 1150 m thorn graduation as well as new pans, water and wind arts and a new brine well were created. Salt production, which for centuries had barely exceeded 100 t, rose to around 500 t annually. The count died in poverty after the salt works devoured his fortune. The saltworks experienced a brief heyday after 1806, when no sea salt could be imported during Napoleon's continental barrier. The annual production reached 2000 t. The city used the lands of the salt works as grounds for the spa gardens, the salt works road and the high school.

Thuringia

Name of the salt works circle place Beginning The End Types of salt Notes on older history Current condition
Arnstadt salt works Ilm district Arnstadt 1851 1912 Vacuum salt In 1849 a borehole hit saturated brine at a depth of 260 m. When the salt content decreased after years, another borehole was sunk from 1865 to 1869 to a depth of 365 m. At the beginning of the 20th century, five salinists in two boiling pans and two drying pans were producing around 1000 t of vacuum salt per year. Traces.
Artern saltworks Kyffhäuserkreis Artern / Unstrut 1477 1964 Vacuum salt Solschacht with a diameter of 3.5 m opened up on July 28, 1848 strained salt solution. A boiling house with 4 boiling pans. Approximately 4500 m³ were pumped out from a depth of 82 m every month. The brine spring, which was used economically until 1964, now feeds the brine ditch and the brine swimming pool and is located in the park cemetery. The brine comes from a 300 m deep salt store and has a temperature of 11.5 ° C all year round. One liter of water contains 22-25 g of salt, as well as potassium and magnesium salts. The annual salt output is 22,400 m³.
Saline Bufleben Gotha Bufleben OT from Nessetal 1828 1933 Vacuum salt The first well, which was sunk in the years 1826 to 1828 with numerous technical difficulties, opened up saline water and was set at a depth of 700 feet (between 197 m and 220 m). A subsequent evaluation of the strata index by Schlegelmilch in 1985 came to the conclusion that these waters rise on Herzyn-striking fault paths and can be stratigraphically assigned to the Middle Muschelkalk. By 1901, three more holes were drilled to a depth of about 230 m. There are references to wooden pipes for expanding the drill holes. Funding was initially carried out using pedal bikes in connection with wooden towers or wooden pyramids. The former, approx. 4 ha large saltworks area is located on the southern outskirts of Bufleben. At the start of production it consisted of two residential buildings, four boiling houses with a total of five boiling pans and two drilling houses with storage rooms and workshops. Some of the buildings and facilities, including the former administration building and the chimney of one of the boiling houses, still exist today
Saline Creuzburg Wartburg district Creuzburg before 1426 1843 Vacuum salt Since time immemorial, a salt spring has emerged here that flows into the Werra. It was bordered and a Creuzburg pancake ran the brewery. The fighting of the Peasant War ended the salt production in 1525. Resumption of boiling in 1542. After 1725 5 thorn gradients and 3 new boiling houses were built. Traces.
Frankenhausen saltworks Kyffhäuserkreis Bad Frankenhausen at 775 1945 Vacuum salt In the Middle Ages, one of the most efficient and scientifically most important salt pans in Germany was located here. As elsewhere, the first decline of the salt works occurred in the late Middle Ages due to the lack of firewood caused by massive clearing. In the 19th century, the importance of the Bad Frankenhausen saltworks declined sharply and the brine was mainly used for healing purposes. Rock salt brine from a borehole is still used here for balneological purposes.
Ilversgehofen salt works District of Erfurt Erfurt - Ilversgehofen 1869 1912 Vacuum salt Here the Prussian state operated a rock salt mine for a few decades, to which a small salt works was connected. The brine required was generated by underground brine. Two boiling pans and downstream drying pans delivered around 2000 t of evaporated salt annually. On May 1, 1916, the rock salt mine was closed by the mountain police due to significant defects. As a result, the salt works also came to a standstill. Traces, street names.
Saline Köstritz Greiz Bad Köstritz 1831 1909 Vacuum salt In 1822 a borehole found a rock salt deposit at a depth of 140 m. Saline operation officially opened on August 3, 1831. Production in 3 pans yielded around 1600 t of evaporated salt per year. Traces.
Saline Lindenau-Friedrichshall Hildburghausen district Lindenau before 1152 1847 Evaporated, Glauber and cattle salt, Epsom salt and bitter water Mentioned for the first time in 1152 in Bamberg and Würzburg documents, in operation until 1425 and destroyed during the Hussite invasion. After 1704, Duke Ernst von Sachsen-Hildburghausen had a well house and a boiling house and graduation tower built over the borehole. In the 20th century, bitter water production and brief spa operation 2 brine spring houses over springs still pouring; the intact filling building is z. Currently not used.
Saline Oberilm Ilm district Stadtilm - Oberilm 1905 1999 Vacuum salt In December 1901, the Princely Schwarzburg Ministry of the Interior approved the construction of a salt works in Stadtilm. As a result, the “Schwarzburger Salinen” union was founded in 1902. In 1903 the construction of the salt works and the outdoor facilities began. For traffic reasons, a location near the Stadtilm train station was chosen. The required large quantities of coal could be transported via a separate siding and the evaporated salt produced could be shipped. In April 1905, the first brine flowed through the approximately 7 km long pipeline from Dörnfeld to Stadtilm. The production capacity at that time was below 3,000 t / a. With the conversion into a stock corporation and with technical improvements, such as the commissioning of a third production well, it was possible to increase production to around 10,000 t / a in the following years. After the political change, the Bernburg rock salt works and the Oberilm salt works merged in 1990 to form Mitteldeutsche Salzwerke GmbH. In 1993 the salt works was privatized as Saline Oberilm GmbH & Co. KG when all employees were taken over. From 1994, for environmental reasons, the first boiler was converted from raw lignite to natural gas. At the same time, the packaging of evaporated salt was modernized step by step. With the Saline Oberilm, the last saltworks in Thuringia for the production of evaporated salt was shut down on January 15, 1999.
Salt works Wartburg district bad Salzungen before 775 1952 Evaporated, cattle and fertilizer salt The edges of the low mountain range in particular were predestined for the occurrence of salt springs due to leaching processes on the Zechstein sediments raised near the surface. The saltworks in Salzungen on the Werra was one of the oldest pan saltworks in Europe and is already mentioned in a certificate from Charlemagne in 775, when he gave “his empire and saltworks place” to the Hersfeld monastery with a tenth of the same so that the monks enfeoffed that Want to pray for the salvation of his soul. The salt battle described by Tacitus in the "Annals" between the Germanic Chatti and Hermundur tribes, which probably took place on the Werra in 58, points to a much earlier use of rock salt brine from salt springs in the Salzungen area . At the beginning of the 20th century, the salt works employed around 70 workers who produced 250,000 to 300,000 quintals of salt annually. Bad Salzungen has only had two graduation houses since the beginning of the 20th century, which are mainly used for inhalation purposes, but still have the task of removing the dissolved iron in the brine with regard to salt production.
Schmalkalden saltworks Schmalkalden-Meiningen Schmalkalden before 1455 1834 Vacuum salt Initial attempts at boiling failed because of the economic use of the low-salt brine. In 1732, Landgrave Wilhelm VIII took over the salt works on his own and built a new brine fountain, two boiling houses and a 16 m high graduation tower through which the brine was passed several times in order to achieve a higher salt content. traces
Saline Stotternheim OT from Erfurt Erfurt - Stotternheim 1828 1951 Vacuum salt After the salt deposits in the Thuringian Basin had been drilled and salt pans had been built in various places at the beginning of the 19th century, at the end of 1827 the salinist Karl Christian Friedrich Glenck, who came from southern Germany, near the small village of Stotternheim, 8 km north of Erfurt, was able to take a brine with him bore considerable salinity. Some former saltworks buildings are now used as storage or residential buildings
Saline Sulza Weimar Country Bad Sulza before 1064 1967 Vacuum salt A salt works is not mentioned until the 16th century. Initially, shafts up to 10 m deep were sunk to convey the brine. Around 1752, the saltworks in Bad Sulza experienced a remarkable upswing through Johann Friedrich von Beust as a result of a generous renovation of all facilities, the sinking of a new shaft and the construction of new graduation towers. In the 18th century, shaft depths of 60 m were reached. From the bottom of the shaft, the brine was opened up by means of boreholes, which again reached a depth of up to 80 m. Traces.

literature

  • Hans-Heinz Emons, Hans-Henning Walter: Old salt pans in Central Europe: the history of evaporated salt production from the Middle Ages to the present. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1988, ISBN 3-342-00352-9 , 279 pp.
  • Günther Beck: The formation of mountain areas in the salt industry (presented using examples from Central Europe) . In: Wolfgang Ingenhaeff / Johann Bair (ed.): Bergbau und Berggeschrey. To the origins of European mines . Berenkamp publishing house. Hall in Tirol / Vienna 2010 ( ISBN 978-3-85093-262-2 ), pp. 39–58.
  • Günter Pinzke: On the history of the mining and saltworks in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and their initiators. In: Scientific journal of the Wilhelm Pieck University Rostock. Social series. No. 2 (1986).
  • Günter Pinzke: "Personalities of the mining and salt works in Mecklenburg". In: Schweriner Blätter. Contributions to the local history of the Schwerin district. Issue 6, Schwerin, Kulturbund (1986).
  • Susanne Jülich: The early medieval saltworks of Soest in a European context. ISBN 978-3-8053-3821-9 (Volume 44 of the series Bodenaltertümer Westfalens (K)).
  • Handbook of Potash Mines, Salt Pans and Deep Drilling Companies. Finanz-Verlag, Berlin 1936.
  • Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. From the work of the association, ed. by GCF Lisch, 11th year

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1] .
  2. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.michls.de
  3. ↑ a b c Gerson H. Jeute: White gold from wild water. Research on saltwork in Brandenburg . In: Communications of the German Society for Archeology of the Middle Ages and Modern Times . tape 21 , 2009, p. 189-198 ( online ).
  4. ↑ [2] .
  5. ^ Office clerk Herrman Hertel (report, 1657), quoted from Johann Virck: Modern history of the Saline zu Conow . In: GCF Lisch (Hrsg.): Yearbooks of the association for Mecklenburg history and antiquity . tape 11 . Stillersche Hofbuchhandlung, Schwerin 1846, p. 144 ( [3] [accessed March 30, 2020]).
  6. ↑ [4]
  7. ↑ Heinz Kolbe, Wolfram Forche and Max Humburg: The history of the saltworks salt love hall and the old salt town . In: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter (Ed.): Contributions to the city history . tape 1 . Salzgitter 1988.
  8. ^ Gernot Schmidt, The praiseworthy Saltzwerck zu Sülbeck, Bochum 1995, p. 24
  9. ↑ [5]
  10. ^ Saline God's gift
  11. ↑ [6] .
  12. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from August 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / sbh.stadt-sulzbach.de
  13. ↑ http://www.saarschleifenland.de/Reisefuehrer/Region-Orte/Merzig/Ausflugsziel-Sehenswuerdheiten/Stadtpark-mit-Saline  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.saarschleifenland.de  
  14. ↑ http://www.saarschleifenland.de/Reisefuehrer/Region-Orte/Merzig/Ausflugsziel-Sehenswuerdheiten/Stadtpark-mit-Saline  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.saarschleifenland.de  
  15. ↑ [7]
  16. ↑ [8]
  17. ↑ [9]
  18. ↑ [10] .
  19. ↑ [11] .
  20. ↑ [12]
  21. ↑ [13]
  22. ^ Norbert Klaus Fuchs: Das Heldburger Land - a historical travel guide; Rockstuhl Publishing House, Bad Langensalza 2013, ISBN 978-3-86777-349-2
  23. ↑ [14]
  24. ↑ [15]
  25. ↑ PDF at www.meiningen.de ( Memento of the original from April 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.meiningen.de
  26. ↑ [16] .