Wiesbaden-Medenbach

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Medenbach coat of arms
Wiesbaden coat of arms
Medenbach
district of Wiesbaden
Auringen Biebrich Bierstadt Breckenheim Delkenheim Dotzheim Erbenheim Frauenstein Heßloch Igstadt Klarenthal Kloppenheim Mainz-Amöneburg Mainz-Kastel Mainz-Kostheim Medenbach Mitte Naurod Nordenstadt Nordost Rambach Rheingauviertel Schierstein Sonnenberg Südost Westendmap
About this picture
Coordinates 50 ° 6 '34 "  N , 8 ° 20' 19"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 '34 "  N , 8 ° 20' 19"  E
height 172- 320  m above sea level. NN
surface 4.47 km²
Residents 2518 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 563 inhabitants / km²
Proportion of foreigners 13.4% (Dec. 31, 2019)
Incorporation Jan. 1, 1977
Post Code 65207
prefix 06122

Administration address		 Fritz-Erler-Strasse 41
65205 Wiesbaden
Website www.wiesbaden.de
politics
Mayor Michael David ( SPD )
Deputy Mayor Jens-Werner Wieltsch ( CDU )
Source: State Capital Wiesbaden: EWZ - HW on December 31, 2019 ( Memento from February 3, 2020 in the Internet Archive )

Medenbach is a district of the Hessian capital Wiesbaden .

It is located in the north-east of the city and is well-known for the service area of the same name on federal highway 3 . Medenbach was incorporated into Wiesbaden on January 1, 1977 as part of the Hessian regional reform .

history

prehistory

Source:

A shoe last wedge and other finds from the Stone Age prove that Medenbach was settled around 5000 years ago.

A so-called Napoleon hat indicates formerly far-reaching trade relations in prehistoric times . This is a Celtic millstone made from basalt lava that comes from the Eifel .

Shards of decorated tableware, so-called terra sigillata , testify to the subsequent occupation of the site by the Romans .

middle Ages

Obviously no evidence has survived from the Migration Period or the early Middle Ages . It was not until the High Middle Ages finds the village Medenbach 1107 with the inauguration of its Romanesque village church first documentary mention. At that time it was endowed with around 30 acres of land by the Mainz abbots of the St. Alban Abbey and the St. Jakob Monastery .

Around 1180 Medenbach came under the rule of the Lords of Eppstein with Eppstein Castle and the Mechtildshausen court near Erbenheim .

1303 the homestead "Mellinger Hof" (Meylingen / Meillingen) was mentioned in a document. It was abandoned around 1500 and degenerated into a desert . The memory of him has been preserved in the field name "Darmstädter Wellinger". This is the northernmost arable land of Medenbach, approx. 500 meters from the present-day location.

In the late Middle Ages, between 1347 and 1350 , the village lost most of its inhabitants due to the Black Death , the plague , which raged here as well as everywhere in Europe.

In 1492 the Lords of Eppstein sold the community of Medenbach and the judicial district of Mechtildshausen with other villages in the so-called Ländchen to the Hessian Landgrave Wilhelm III. of Hessen .

In 1576/77 the dilapidated choir of the church was replaced by a new building.

17th century

At the end of the Middle Ages - at the time of transition to modern times  - Philip I introduced the Reformation in 1526 in the Landgraviate of Hesse. Medenbach became Protestant the following year.

In 1607 Medenbach first appeared - seen from a bird's eye view - recorded on a map . This comes from the topographer Wilhelm Dilich , who was in the service of the Hessian Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel from 1597 to 1622 . This map shows the street village "Medebach" at the confluence of the "Bieberbach" (today Medenbach) and the "Hasenbach" (today Pfingstwiesenbach). Only a few buildings cluster around the characteristic Romanesque church structure, the turret of which has a pointed Gothic conical roof .

Approx. 500 meters south of Medenbach, the hamlet of Costloff can be seen on the Dilich map , which is documented as early as 1252. At the beginning of the 16th century Costloff had more inhabitants than Medenbach and seemed to have been quite prosperous because of its fertile farmland.

In 1621, three years after the beginning of the Thirty Years' War , Medenbach was given a school for the first time under Landgrave Moritz, who was called "the scholar". In the war year 1630 the village still had 130 inhabitants, from 1635 the plague decimated the population considerably. In 1637 only 47 people were counted. Only after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 did the place gradually recover. The destroyed church was built in 1650. The number of residents rose only slowly to around 70 people until 1655.

Before 1630 the settlement of Costloff was burned down and degenerated into a desert like the "Mellinger Hof" in 1500. From the ruins of Costloff the Medenbacher got building materials - z. B. oak beams of the former half-timbered houses that were still usable - and used them to build stables and barns , some of which can still be identified in situ today.

18th century

In 1712, various official documents mention the existence of a " gypsy stick " in Medenbach. Apart from the fact that it can no longer be located, the opinion is still persistently expressed locally that gypsies were hanged there. However, it is far more credible that it is a wooden pole with a sheet metal plate on the Gemarkungs border between Medenbach and Igstadt acted. At that time, they were usually set up at borders and at the entrance to towns. As a result of the Thirty Years' War, they were supposed to prevent people uprooted from entering a certain area - "wandering gypsies" and "rogue thieves" - in words and pictures with the threat of punishments such as "distemper beatings" and other things.

In 1714 the nave and the choir of the church were changed in baroque style. The interior received a new organ, pulpit and galleries. The baroque evangelical confessional is a special feature. As jewelry, it has two images with a rare iconography . On the left door the Holy Spirit appears from the clouds in the form of a dove. It is holding a chain in its beak, with a heart attached to the top. At the lowest end of a ball that hangs an orb is modeled - a symbol of the earthly world -. The cross of the imperial orb points downward, not promising anything good. From the clouds, below the dove, the red robed arm of Christ appears. In his hand he holds an ax to break the chain, so that the dove and the heart may be freed from the earthly burden. - The painting on the right door shows Christ with a halo in a red robe. This time he holds a flaming heart in his hand , which he hands over to a kneeling sinner as a sign of forgiveness. It was then that today's baroque ridge turret with its bell-shaped, curved hood was created .

In 1775 Medenbach had 195 inhabitants, 47 houses and 42 barns. In 1794 the population including 5 Jews had risen to 279 people.

19th century

After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , Medenbach came to the Principality of Nassau-Usingen in 1803 . After the Battle of Leipzig and the Battle of Hanau , Napoleon and his troops withdrew to France via Frankfurt am Main and Mainz. He was persecuted, among others, by the troops of Blucher . Various of his units under the generals Langeron and York were quartered in Medenbach from November 12, 1813 to January 14, 1814 and had to be fed by the locals. Among them were infantrymen, artillerymen, mounted hunters and again and again " Cossacks ", the Russian elite soldiers particularly valued by Freiherr vom Stein . Many of these soldiers suffered from typhus and died in Medenbach. The Orthodox Cossacks buried the Protestant Medenbachers outside the church wall in a mass grave . One of them was given his small bronze travel icon of St. Nicholas with him in his grave. Rediscovered in 2007, the Medenbach History Association presented it in the same year as a special monument to its history in a special exhibition in its local museum.

In 1816, the so-called year without a summer , people across Europe - including Medenbach - suffered from a famine caused by the volcanic eruption of Tambora in Indonesia in 1815. In addition to the poor harvest, the lack of state and private grain stocks after the turmoil of the Napoleonic Wars also contributed to the emergency . With the establishment of the Hochheim office on April 4, 1816, Medenbach belonged to this ducal-Nassau office .

In 1825 the state government ordered fruit trees to be planted along the streets. In 1853 the first roads in Medenbach were paved, i. H. paved with basalt stones.

In 1863, after several years of negotiations in the local council, the churchyard in the middle of the village was abandoned. A new one, as was common in the 19th century, was set up on the edge of the village. Even before the Code Napoléon of 1806 came into force , Napoleon had issued the decree - "Décret sur les sépultures" - which prohibited the burying of the dead within the city walls. Hygienic reasons - “vapors from the Todenhof”, which were also recognized as a health hazard in Medenbach - made it necessary to implement them. Until now, shroud burial has been practiced in poor Medenbach, as elsewhere in the countryside in southern Germany. It was not until the end of the 19th century that burial in a coffin became common practice.

With the annexation of Nassau by Prussia after the German War , Medenbach became Prussian in 1866 and part of the Main District with its seat in Wiesbaden.

In 1873 the Hessische-Ludwigs-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft received from Prussia permission to build a railway line through the district of Medenbach. The so-called Ländchesbahn , which runs between Wiesbaden and Niedernhausen am Taunus , is single-track and not electrified. It was opened on July 1, 1879. Medenbach and Auringen received a common train station.

20th century

In 1906, three new windows for the south side of the church were ordered from the Wiesbaden glass manufacturer Albert Zentner, which in 1903 designed the windows of the Catholic parish church of St. Marien in Otzberg-Hering .

On September 29, 1907, the 800th anniversary of the church's consecration was celebrated. The collection on that day was intended for the acquisition of a new church window with a representation of Christ. This should have the inscription "Jesus Christ yesterday and today and the same also for eternity". The window in the choir of the church today shows Christ with the crown of thorns and the inscription Ecce homo . - Another work by Zentner has been preserved in Wiesbaden, namely the colorful window with plant and animal motifs in the restoration building on the Schläferskopf .

In 1911 Medenbach was connected to the power grid of the former Main power plants .

At the end of the First World War , Medenbach lost 14 men in 1918. The community had a monument erected for them in the cemetery by the sculptor Carl Wilhelm Bierbrauer .

In 1928 Medenbach came to the Main-Taunus district and was administered by the district administration in Höchst .

The construction of the Reichsautobahn through the district of Medenbach, today's A3 , began in 1937.

At the end of the Second World War , incendiary bombs damaged several buildings in Medenbach. On March 28, the place was occupied by the Americans. After the German surrender on May 8, it was found that the war had cost the lives of 27 Medenbach men. At that time the village had 375 inhabitants, who took in 115 displaced persons by 1946 .

1955 Medenbach acquired its present, from the medieval court seal developed arms . In 1957, two bronze plaques were placed on the war memorial of Carl Wilhelm Bierbrauer in the cemetery with the names of the Medenbach soldiers who fell and went missing in both world wars. In 1961 the construction of a sewer system began , the work of which was completed in 1966. In 1967 a steam locomotive stopped for the last time at the Auringen / Medenbach train station. In 1970 the 700 year old linden tree  - one of the landmarks of Medenbach at the church - was felled.

In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , Medenbach lost its communal independence in 1977. The place was spun off from the Main-Taunus-Kreis and incorporated as a district into the state capital Wiesbaden. For Medenbach, as for all previously independent municipalities, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was set up. Two years earlier, citizens had been asked to submit proposals to rename 18 street names so that double names could be avoided.

In 1980, Medenbach received its second half-timbered house under monument protection through a private initiative. It dates from around 1700. A third half-timbered house from 1740 was uncovered and renovated 12 years later, also in the alley “In der Hofreite”.

In 1993 the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach 1992 eV was founded, which has set itself the task of promoting local history, landscape protection, monument preservation and the design of the townscape. In 1996 the association opened its local museum at Neufeldstrasse 9 . In 1999 Medenbach had 2,588 inhabitants.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Medenbach was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

politics

Election results for the local council

Since incorporation into Wiesbaden in 1977, the local council of the Medenbach district has also been elected in the context of the local elections in Hesse . The individual election results are summarized below.

CDU SPD GREEN FDP total
2016 34.8 60.8 - 04.4 47.5
2011 47.5 52.5 - - 43.5
2006 53.8 46.2 - - 43.5
2001 50.9 44.0 - 05.6 48.3
1997 43.1 49.7 - 07.0 61.1
1993 31.2 59.6 - 09.2 66.0
1989 32.3 53.1 9.0 05.6 73.0
1985 39.8 54.3 - 05.9 67.5
1981 44.9 45.7 - 09.9 69.6
1977 44.9 44.9 - 10.2 76.6

This resulted in the following allocation of seats:

CDU SPD GREEN FDP total
2016 3 4th 0 0 7th
2011 3 4th 0 0 7th
2006 4th 3 0 0 7th
2001 4th 3 0 0 7th
1997 3 3 0 1 7th
1993 2 4th 0 1 7th
1989 2 4th 1 0 7th
1985 3 4th 0 0 7th
1981 3 3 0 1 7th
1977 4th 3 0 0 7th

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on January 18, 1955 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior.

Wiesbaden-Medenbach coat of arms
 Blazon : "A red arrow in silver stake, accompanied by two outwardly inclined, green-stemmed and double-leafed - the stem ends on the arrow fletching - and green-tipped, red roses with golden lugs ."
Reasons for the coat of arms: The Medenbach court seal from 1700 was the model for the coat of arms . This shows the representation of St. Ursula in an ankle-length skirt with an arrow in her right hand, which indicates her martyrdom . She put her left arm on her hip. The saint is placed between two three-stemmed, thorny rose plants with three flowers each.

Today's coat of arms reduces the original. The rose petals with golden clusters sit on green stems . These each have two green leaves. However, the right stem lacks the typical features of a rose, namely thorns in the chronicle of 1984.

Culture and sights

The surroundings of Medenbach are very rural. In the center of the village there is a church which was probably consecrated to St. Ursula in 1107 (first documented mention of the place).

Autobahn Church

Medenbach motorway church

On March 30, 2001, the Medenbach motorway church was consecrated as the second church in Medenbach . It was built as the first motorway church in Hesse on the A3 near the western Medenbach service station. It is a foundation by Alfred Weigle . In 1991, after visiting the Maria autobahn church, protection of travelers near Adelsried, he came up with the idea of ​​building an autobahn church, which the mayor of Wiesbaden-Medenbach Paul Schaaf welcomed and promoted.

Architectural monuments

The village has three architectural monuments , the church and two restored half-timbered houses in the lane In Hofreite 2 and 5 . Medenbach shares a special ground monument with Auringen , the " Dreiherrenstein ", which formerly marked the point where the borders of Nassau-Idstein, Curmainz and Hessen-Darmstadt met. Today the triangular stone is moved a few hundred meters into the "Wellinger" area. A more recent monument is the sculpture of a “mourner” from 1923 in the Medenbach cemetery. It was created by the Bierstadt sculptor Carl Wilhelm Bierbrauer , from whom u. a. The plastic jewelry on the facades of the Wiesbaden Museum also originated. In the Wiesbaden suburbs of Naurod , Kloppenheim and in the Rheingau there are other war memorials from him .

Regular events

Many small festivals are celebrated in Medenbach every year. These include the Vaddertach in Medenbach , the Alt-Medenbach street festival on the first weekend in August and, since 1993, the wine press and threshing festival on the last Sunday in August. Since 2012, the "wine stand" in the courtyard of the parish barn has been celebrated every two weeks in summer, which is organized alternately by the local associations.

Sports

The shooting club 1966 Medenbach currently has one of the largest youth teams in Wiesbaden. Medenbach has a total of three teams, with the third consisting almost entirely of youth shooters.

societies

The Medenbach Voluntary Fire Brigade was founded in 1935. In 2010 the FF celebrates its 75th anniversary. The volunteer fire Medenbach has a Tanklöschfahrzeug (TLF) 16/25, and a crew transport vehicle (MTF). The Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach has been in existence since 1993 and maintains its local history museum at Neufeldstrasse 9.

traffic

At the district boundary between Auringen located and Medenbach breakpoint Auringen-Medenbach the Ländchesbahn Wiesbaden- Niedernhausen (-Limburg). With the bus line 21 via Auringen, Naurod and Bierstadt to Wiesbaden, which is operated by ESWE , Medenbach is connected to the local traffic in Wiesbaden , at night this takes over the line N10. The bus line 26 / AST26, also operated by ESWE Verkehr, runs from Medenbach via Wildsachsen to Bremthal Bahnhof, where a connection to the regional train 20 in the direction of Frankfurt and Limburg an der Lahn and to the S-Bahn line S2 of the S-Bahn Rhein -Main consists; There is also the option of getting on the ESWE bus line 20 at Bremthal train station, which connects Bremthal with Naurod and Niederjosbach; there is also the ESWE line AST35 in the direction of Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt. A motorway service station on the A3 's service area Medenbach .

literature

  • Anton Österreicher (Hrsg.): Chronicle of the community Medenbach. Wiesbaden-Erbenheim 1984.
  • Erik Emig: Once a “poor village” on the Taunushang - Medenbach's eventful history from a farming village to a pretty residential community. Wiesbaden International, vol. 20, 1/1990, p. 2 ff.
  • Berthold Bubner: Medenbach. In: Wiesbaden, monuments and historical sites. Wiesbaden 1993, p. 198 f.
  • Otto Renkhoff, Helmut Dauber: On the local history of Nassau: Medenbach near Wiesbaden. Nassauische Annalen 109, 1998, p. 407 ff.
  • Günter Sommer: The field and commercial names of the Medenbach district (state capital Wiesbaden) from the 17th to the 21st century. Wiesbaden-Medenbach 2002.
  • Helga and Dieter Hofmann: Heimatmuseum Wiesbaden-Medenbach. Wiesbaden 2004.
  • Günter Sommer: In search of traces of the old village of Kosloff. Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach 1993 eV, Wiesbaden 2005.
  • Günter Sommer: Medenbacher Tagebuch - 900 years of history of the people, the landscape and the village of Medenbach (state capital Wiesbaden). Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach 1993 eV, Wiesbaden 2006.
  • Günter Sommer: 900 years of Medenbach. In: Festschrift of the sponsoring association's 900th anniversary celebration in Medenbach. Wiesbaden-Medenbach 2007, pp. 6-23.
  • Helga and Dieter Hofmann: Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach. All about apples, stories of apple trees and cider. Wiesbaden 2009.
  • Bernd Fäthke: The icon of St. Niklaus von Medenbach. A relic from the last war of liberation (1913–1815). In: Funsdberichte from Hessen, 46./47. Born in 2006/2007. Wiesbaden 2010, p. 241 ff.
  • Dieter Hoffmann: The Creator of the Mourners. The war memorial on the Medenbacher Friedhof and the sculpture by Carl Wilhelm Bierbrauer. Wiesbadener Kurier / Wiesbadener Tagblatt, May 10, 2013, p. 11.
  • Dieter Hofmann: Little stories from Medenbach. Contemporary witnesses report how it used to be. Wiesbaden 2013.
  • Dieter Hofmann: History and little stories from Medenbach. Contemporary witnesses report how it used to be. Wiesbaden 2018.
  • Literature on Wiesbaden-Medenbach in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Wiesbaden-Medenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hofmann: Heimatmuseum Wiesbaden-Medenbach . 2004, p. 4. The following finds u. a. m. are in the Medenbach Local History Museum.
  2. ^ Renkhoff / Dauber: On the local history of Nassau: Medenbach near Wiesbaden . 1998, p. 415 f.
  3. ↑ Summer: The field and commercial names of the Medenbach district (state capital Wiesbaden) from the 17th to the 21st century . 2002, pp. 21, 29, 39-41.
  4. ↑ a b Bubner: Medenbach . 1993, p. 199.
  5. ↑ Summer: 900 years of Medenbach . 2007, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Such a metal sign has been preserved in the Nassau antiquities collection of the Museum Wiesbaden.
  7. ↑ Summer: Medenbacher Tagebuch: 900 years of history of the people, the landscape and the village of Medenbach . 2006, p. 23.
  8. ↑ On the abolition of evangelical private confession. The Berlin confessional dispute at the Rogate Monastery of St. Michael in Berlin (pdf, 1 MB).
  9. ↑ Dieter Hofmann: Did you confess your sins in the parish chair? A piece of jewelery in a Protestant church raises questions - food for thought from a visitation group on picture panels. vorORT, Wiesbadener Kurier / Wiesbadener Tagblatt, September 6, 2012, p. 11.
  10. ↑ So the spelling in the Wallau office 1813/14, cf. Original in the Hessian Main State Archive Wiesbaden, archive number: HStAW227 / 2509
  11. ↑ Icon discovery by the wayside near Eule - Society for Interdisciplinary Cooperation eV
  12. ↑ Fäthke: The icon of St. Nikolaus von Medenbach. A relic from the last war of liberation (1913–1815). 2010, p. 241 ff.
  13. ↑ Dieter and Helga Hofmann: Stories of apple trees and apple wine. Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Medenbach, 2009, p. 4.
  14. ↑ Summer: Medenbacher Tagebuch: 900 years of history of the people, the landscape and the village of Medenbach . 2006, p. 54.
  15. ↑ When the old cemetery on the church hill in Medenbach was redesigned in 2009, a driveway for wheelchair users was created. Deep excavations took place. Here, huge numbers of bones were brought to light. However, only 5 coffin handles, all of which must date from shortly before 1863, were found. Their small number compared to the high number of those who died testifies to the late introduction of coffin burials, which at that time only wealthy citizens could afford. The coffin handles are now kept in the local museum.
  16. ↑ Summer: Medenbacher Tagebuch: 900 years of history of the people, the landscape and the village of Medenbach . 2006, p. 83.
  17. ↑ Summer: Medenbacher Tagebuch: 900 years of history of the people, the landscape and the village of Medenbach. 2006, p. 102.
  18. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Main-Taunus district and the city of Wiesbaden (GVBl. II 330–30) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 309 , § 8 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  19. ↑ Citizens plead for "Hofreite". Wiesbaden Courier, November 15, 1975; Renaming of local roads, 400 suggestions from the population were considered, November 17, 1975.
  20. ↑ A prime example of the protection of monuments, the couple from Medenbach set standards, the clad facade was appropriately prepared. Wiesbadener Tagblatt, July 9, 1980; The house “In der Hofreite 2” then and now, re-built half-timbering - a gem in Medenbach. Erbenheimer Anzeiger, July 11, 1980.
  21. ^ Medenbach, City of Wiesbaden. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of November 16, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  22. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  23. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the community Medenbach in the Main-Taunuskreis, administrative district Wiesbaden from January 18, 1955 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1955 no. 6 , p. 111 , item 138 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.1 MB ]).
  24. ^ Anton Österreicher: The coat of arms of Medenbach. In: Chronicle of the community Medenbach. Wiesbaden-Erbenheim 1984, pp. 10-13.
  25. ↑ Otto Renkhoff; Helmut Dauber: On the local history of Nassau: Medenbach near Wiesbaden. Nassauische Annalen 109, 1998, p. 410, note 22.
  26. ^ Armin Schmidt (chairman of the church council): Autobahnkirche in Medenbach, Flyer 1, as of 09/2008
  27. ↑ Bernd Fäthke, Alexej Jawlensky: heads etched and painted. The Wiesbaden years. Galerie Draheim, Wiesbaden 2012, p. 63 f., Fig. 62.
  28. ↑ Heimat- u. History Association Medenbach 1993 eV
  29. ^ Helga and Dieter Hofmann: Heimatmuseum Wiesbaden-Medenbach. Wiesbaden 2004.
  30. ↑ In search of traces of the old village of Kosloff ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wiesbaden-kosloff.de.vu