Reigi (Hiiumaa)
Coordinates: 59 ° 0 ' N , 22 ° 31' E
Reigi is a village ( Estonian küla ) in the rural municipality Hiiumaa (2013 to 2017: rural municipality Hiiu , before that rural municipality Kõrgessaare ) on the second largest Estonian island Hiiumaa (German Dagö ).
Description and history
Reigi (German Roicks ) has 38 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2011). The place is 14 kilometers west of the island's capital Kärdla ( Kertel ). The name of the village is possibly derived from the Swedish word rök ("smoke").
Reigi used to be the center of the Swedish people of Hiiumaas. The village was first mentioned in 1453 under the name Renke .
1470, the granted land master Johann Wolthus of Herse residents Reigis and other villages Sweden Hiiumaa extensive privileges as free peasants. Wolter von Plettenberg confirmed the rights in 1503. The privileges were then more and more questioned by the new landlords under the Swedish rule of Hiiumaas. The Swedes tried to defend themselves against violations of their privileges by submitting petitions directly to the court.
In the end, their efforts were unsuccessful. In 1781 almost all of Hiiumaa's Swedes were deported to Ukrainian areas on the Dnieper River on the orders of the Russian Tsarina Catherine II for alleged insubordination , where they founded the Gammalsvenskby colony in 1782 . About ten percent died on the way to their new home.
After the Swedes were driven out by the Russian authorities, Reigi became almost entirely Estonian-speaking. The Baltic German nobleman Otto Reinhold Ludwig von Ungern-Sternberg (1744–1811) founded a beigut there . It developed into an industrial center of the island with a dairy , cheese factory , hat factory and brick factory.
Reigi Church
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Reigi was built before 1626 . On the initiative of the inspector sent by King Gustav II Adolf to Estonia, Livonia and Ingermanland , the Bishop of Västerås Johannes Rudbeckius (1581–1646), Reigi was separated from the Käina parish in 1627 as an independent parish . In 1690 a new wooden church was built.
Today's stone Jesus Church was built between 1799 and 1802. It was consecrated on August 25, 1802. Otto Reinhold Ludwig von Ungern-Sternberg donated it in memory of his son Otto Dietrich Gustav (1773–1800), who had committed suicide in June 1800 because of gambling debts. The family coat of arms of the Ungern-Sternbergs can be seen at the main entrance of the church . An inscription on the east wall indicates the pious foundation.
The massive walls and the high roof give the building a striking appearance. The church with its massive square tower has been rebuilt many times. The last major redesign of the single-nave church dates from 1899. A lily can be seen on the top of the tower , which comes from the coat of arms of the Ungern-Sternberg family.
Inside, the painting “Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane ” by an unknown author from the 17th century and wood carvings from the 16th to 18th centuries are worth seeing . The church is also known for its excellent organ .
Around the church is the village cemetery. Numerous Baltic German nobles, pastors as well as Estonian and Swedish farmers are buried on it.
The Reigi pastorate has produced influential and reform-minded pastors. At the end of the 18th century , the folk pedagogue Carl Forsman (pastor 1775–1812) from Finland , the educational and cultural activist Gustav Feliks Rinne (pastor 1865–1872) and his son Immanuel Rinne (pastor 1880–1885), who in 1882 in Reigi founded Hiiumaa's first public library.
The church and cemetery are now in the area of the neighboring village of Pihla .
In 1884, in the course of the Russification of Estonia, around 700 Reigi residents converted to the Russian Orthodox faith . An Orthodox church was built for them in nearby Puski .
Literary
.JPG)
Fabrics from Reigi inspired the Finnish-Estonian writer Aino Kallas (1878–1956), who often stayed on Hiiumaa in the summer months, to write her novella Reigin pappi (Estonian Reigi õpetaja , 1928; German The Pastor of Roicks , 1929 ), published in Finnish in 1926 ).
It takes place in the Reigi of the 17th century. The focus is on the tragic love story between Catharina Wycken, the wife of the local pastor Paul Lempelius, and the vicar Jonas Kempe. The two lovers are finally caught and beheaded in Tallinn .
Kallas' book was filmed in the Estonian SSR in 1977 .
The 1971 opera Reigi õpetaja by Eduard Tubin based on a libretto by Jaan Kross is dedicated to the same subject .
literature
- Baltic historical local dictionary. Part 1: Estonia (including Northern Livonia). Started by Hans Feldmann . Published by Heinz von zur Mühlen . Edited by Gertrud Westermann . Cologne, Vienna 1985 (= sources and studies on Baltic history. Volume 8/1), ISBN 3-412-07183-8 , p. 509.
- Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Russwurm : Eibofolke or the Swedes on the coasts of Ehstland and on Runö. First part. Reval 1855.
Web links
- Description of the place (Estonian)
- History (Estonian; RTF ; 5 kB)
- Reigi Church (Estonian and English)
- Ethnographic map of West-Ehstland designed by C. Rußwurm
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://pub.stat.ee/
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.balticsealibrary.de/index.php?option=com_flexicontent&view=items&cid=69:german&id=326:reigin-pappi&Itemid=122
- ↑ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0446449/
- ↑ http://www.epl.ee/news/eesti/eesti-lugu-aino-kallas-reigi-opetaja.d?id=51150530
