Xivry Circourt
| Xivry Circourt | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Meurthe-et-Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Briey | |
| Canton | Pays de Briey | |
| Community association | Pays de l'Audunois et du Bassin de Landres | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 21 ' N , 5 ° 46' E | |
| height | 259-330 m | |
| surface | 12.04 km 2 | |
| Residents | 272 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 23 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 54490 | |
| INSEE code | 54598 | |
Xivry-Circourt is a French commune with 272 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in the Grand Est region . It belongs to the Arrondissement of Briey and the Canton of Pays de Briey (until 2015: Canton of Audun-le-Roman ).
geography
The municipality of Xivry-Circourt is located on the edge of the Woëvre landscape , about 22 kilometers south of Longwy and the border triangle France-Belgium-Luxembourg and about 35 kilometers west of Thionville in the hill country between the Moselle and Maas . The Pienne , a tributary of the Crusnes, flows through the 14.45 km² municipal area in a south-north direction . The valley of the Pienne is carved up to 30 m deep into the landscape; the flanks of the valley are partly distinctive hills that rise up to approx. 300 m above sea level ( Le Petit Bois, Haut de Belloque ). At 330 m above sea level M. the highest point is reached at the eastern end of the municipality ( Haut de Higny ). The municipality consists of the village of Xivray on the left bank of the Pienne and the opposite, smaller village of Circourt . They are connected by four bridges. Xivry-Circourt is almost free of forests; only in the far west does the municipality have a small share of the Le Grand Bois forest . Neighboring communities of Xivry-Circourt are Mercy-le-Bas in the north, Mercy-le-Haut in the north-east, Preutin-Higny in the east and south-east, Domprix in the south, Spincourt in the west and Saint-Supplet in the north-west. The western border of the municipality is also the border with the Meuse department .
history
The community in its present form emerged in 1809 from the merger of the villages of Xivry and Circourt. The village of Xivry first appeared in a document in 1049 as Superiacum majus . The name developed over Sivry (1242), Cyveri (1262), Cyverei (1301), Xiverey (1405), Xiveray-le-Franc (1494) and Sievry-le-Frans (1722) to the current spelling. The Gallo-Roman name Ciricis curtis has been handed down as early as 1053, which developed into today's Circourt via Circourt-en-Woëvre (1779) . Both places emerged from farms. For several centuries, agriculture and cattle breeding dominated both villages. Xivry and Circourt belonged to the diocese of Metz in the Archdiocese of Trier . For 1286 there is an agreement on the division of the tithe between the abbot of the monastery of Saint-Pierremont ( Abbaye de Saint-Pierremont ) - today in the municipality of Avril - and the provost of Longwy . From the 17th century, the Münster Abbey in Luxembourg also received a share of the tithe. Numerous documents relating to purchases, sales and legal disputes have survived from the late Middle Ages and early modern times. In 1551 King Henry II stayed in Xivry. In 1817 the villages of Xivry and Circourt belonged to the Duchy of Bar . At that time there were 299 inhabitants in 47 houses in Xivry and 272 inhabitants in 60 houses in Circourt.
In 1790 the constituent assembly of the Moselle department took place. Most of the communes and the cantons were formed. Xivry-le-Franc was first canton capital in the district of Longwy. In 1795 Circourt became an independent municipality. By decree of the First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte , Audun-le-Roman became the capital of the canton instead of Xivry, and on December 9, 1809, two municipalities were forced to merge for the first time in France - the birth of today's municipality of Xivry-Circourt.
Population development
With 272 inhabitants (January 1, 2017), Xivry-Circourt is one of the smaller communities in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle. After the population was around 500 in the middle of the 19th century, it has steadily decreased since then.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2014 |
| Residents | 432 | 354 | 325 | 300 | 278 | 296 | 268 | 282 |
Attractions
- Parish church of St. Symphorianus ( Église Saint-Symphorien ) in Xivry with an adjoining cemetery, a calvary and a funeral monument from the 15th century. The church was rebuilt after being destroyed in the Franco-Prussian War in 1880.
- Chapel in Circourt from the early 20th century (now privately owned)
- a lavoir in both parts of the community
Economy and Infrastructure
Since the end of the Middle Ages, grazing and livestock farming have dominated the community of Xivry-Circourt. Commerce and small businesses are of local importance. Many workers are now commuters who go to work in the industrial cities on the Moselle.
Transport links
The community is located on the nationally important main road D643 from Longuyon to Briey (part of the former RN 43 ). The closest connection to the A30 motorway is around 14 kilometers away. There are other road connections to Joppécourt , Spincourt and Saint-Supplet . The nearest train station is in Audun-le-Roman , the capital of the canton, 12.5 kilometers away .
Personalities
- Nicolas Bousmard , Bishop of Verdun 1576–1584 , born in Xivry
