BMC ADO16

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BMC
Austin 1100 Mark II (1971)
Austin 1100 Mark II (1971)
ADO16
Sales designation: Austin 1100/1300
MG 1100/1300
Morris 1100/1300
Innocenti IM3 / IM3S / J4
Riley Kestrel / 1300
Vanden Plas Princess 1100/1300
Wolseley 1100/1300
Production period: 1962-1974
Class : Compact class
Body versions : Limousine , station wagon
Engines: Petrol engines :
1.1-1.3 liters
(36-52 kW)
Length: 3725 mm
Width: 1534 mm
Height: 1346 mm
Wheelbase : 2375 mm
Empty weight : approx. 830 kg
Previous model Austin A40 Farina
Riley 1.5
Wolseley 1500
successor Austin Allegro

BMC ADO16 is the name of a British Motor Corporation (BMC) compact car that was sold under various brand names and type designations. In the 1960s, the ADO16 was at times the best-selling car in Great Britain .

Most vehicles in this range were made in Great Britain. But they were also manufactured at Innocenti in Italy , at Leyland Authi in Spain and at the Leyland plant in Belgium . In addition, similar vehicles that were produced in Australia and South Africa were based on this series .

The car was introduced on August 15, 1962 as the Morris 1100 . The series was then expanded to include various vehicles from other group brands, such as the MG 1100 with two carburettors, the Vanden Plas Princess 1100 (from October 1962), the Austin 1100 (from October 1963) and finally the Wolseley 1100 (from 1965) and the Riley Kestrel (from 1965). The Morris 1100 and Morris 1300 models disappeared from shop windows in 1971 in favor of the successor Morris Marina , but the Austin and Vanden-Plas versions remained in production until June 1974.

The station wagon versions followed in 1966. With Countryman (Austin) and Traveler (Morris) traditional names were chosen.

In 1964, the 1100 was named Car of the Year by Wheels magazine.

construction and development

The ADO16 (ADO = A ustin D rawing O ffice) was obtained from Alec Issigonis designed. Pininfarina , the Italian designer who had previously designed the Austin A40 Farina for BMC , designed the body. After the successful but unprofitable Mini , BMC needed a larger, lower mid-range car. The ADO16 essentially has the drive technology of the Mini: the transversely installed BMC-A motor that drives the front wheels via a gearbox located in the oil sump . The chassis with double wishbones at the front and parallel swing arms at the rear is similar, but the ADO16 got disc brakes with floating brake calipers.

A special feature presented the suspension of the Morris 1100. The first car he received from. Alex Moulton devised hydrolstic -Federung - a hydraulic coupling of the front and rear wheel suspension of each side of the wagon, whereby all arms of the suspension were stored in rubber. In an interview with CAR magazine in the late 1990s, Alex Moulton said that he and Alec Issigonis had analyzed the suspension of the Citroën 2CV from the mid-1950s. The wheels on one side were mechanically connected and shared a spring unit. As a result, the swaying (side tilt) was less severe than the very soft suspension suggests, but at the expense of a greater tendency to nod. With the Hydrolastic system, in which the spring elements on the same side of the vehicle are connected to each other with hose lines, pitching is greatly reduced by damping valves in the connecting line. The suspension is soft like the Citroën, but the tendency to roll is less.

Mark I (1962-1967)

The original Mark I models can be recognized by the almost vertical, indicated tail fins with the small rear light units. The promotional brochures highlighted the spacious interior compared to its 1964 UK competitors such as the more conservative in-house Ford Anglia , Vauxhall Viva HA and Morris Minor .

The Mark I models of the Austin 1100 and Morris 1100 were initially only available as four-door sedans. In March 1966, a three-door station wagon, called the Austin 1100 Countryman, or the Morris 1100 Traveler arrived. Customers in Great Britain who wanted a two-door sedan had to wait for the 1967 Mark II, even if this body version was already available in various export markets such as the USA. A two-door MG 1100 was offered there.

The gearbox under the engine, which also shared the oil supply with the engine, had four forward gears, the top three of which were synchronized. From November 1965 there was a four-stage automatic from Automotive Products (AP).

Models

Make Type Displacement power Body shapes
Austin 1100 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L4, K3
Innocenti IM3 / IM3S / J4 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L4
MG 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L2, L4
Morris 1100 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L4, K3
Riley Kestrel 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L4
Vanden Plas Princess 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L4
Wolseley 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L4

Performance data in bhp - the performance according to the DIN standard common in Germany is somewhat lower, for example 33 instead of 36 kW for the Morris 1100.

Mark II (1967-1971)

In late May 1967, BMC announced that they would equip the MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley with the larger 1,275 cc engine. BMC combined the engine already known from the Mini Cooper and Austin-Healey Sprite with the gearbox of the 1100, whereby the gear ratios of the individual gears remained unchanged despite the different engine, but the axle ratio was increased from 4.133 to 3.65, later also 3.44 .

The Mark II versions of Austin and Morris were announced for October 1967 as the Austin 1300 and Morris 1300 , although the versions with the 1098 cc engine continued to exist.

From the outside you can recognize the Austin / Morris Mark II by a slightly wider radiator grille, which extends under the headlights and is a little more structured. These models have modified taillights, which were also installed in this form in the Austin FX4 taxi model . They were still equipped with four-speed transmissions, the three upper gears of which were synchronized; fully synchronized transmissions were introduced in 1968.

The Mark II versions of MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley appeared in October 1968, with the Riley no longer being called Kestrel, but Riley 1300 (Mark II). It was discontinued in July 1969 and was the last Riley to disappear from the market.

At the London Motor Show in October 1969, BMC introduced the Austin 1300 GT and Morris 1300 GT , which had the same 1275 cc two-carburettor engine as the MG 1300, but with a black grille across the width of the vehicle, a black one Vinyl roof and thick black stripes on the sides of the vehicle were fitted. That was BMC's answer to the Ford Escort GT and Vauxhall Viva GT . The ground clearance was reduced by reducing the pressure in the Hydrolastic system from 15.53 bar to 14.15 bar.

In 1970 the Austin / Morris 1100/1300 were able to maintain their position as the best-selling model in Great Britain, although little has changed since the introduction of the first Morris 1100 in 1962. 132,965 vehicles were sold this year, compared to just 123,025 Ford Cortina , a model that was already in its third generation this year. When the 2 millionth ADO16 was manufactured, the Morris versions were withdrawn from the market to make way for the new Morris Marina . Thus 1970 became the last year in which the 1100/1300 topped the British auto charts.

Models

Make Type Displacement power Body shapes
Austin 1100 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L2, L4, K3
Austin 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L2, L4, K3
Austin 1300 GT 1275 cc 70 bhp (52 kW) L2, L4
MG 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L2, L4
MG 1300 1275 cc 60–70 bhp (45–52 kW) L2, L4
Morris 1100 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L2, L4, K3
Morris 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L2, L4, K3
Morris 1300 GT 1275 cc 70 bhp (52 kW) L2, L4
Riley 1300 1275 cc 58–65 bhp (43–48 kW) L4
Vanden Plas Princess 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L4
Vanden Plas Princess 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L4
Wolseley 1100 1098 cc 55 bhp (41 kW) L4
Wolseley 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L4

Mark III (1971–1974)

The Mark III models were introduced in September 1971. With the introduction of the Morris 1100 Mark I in 1962, the manufacturer announced its intention to manufacture the ADO16 for at least ten years, which proved correct despite the vicissitudes that BMC suffered in the 1960s. The range was slowly reduced; the MG 1300 dropped out in 1971 and the Wolseley 1300 in 1973. The last ADO16, a Vanden Plas Princess 1300, left the production line on June 19, 1974. The Austin Allegro and its sister model Vanden Plas 1500 were the successors . At that time the Ford Cortina, the original competitor, had already grown significantly; the ADO16 belonged more to the compact class than the middle class .

From 1973, for more than a year, the Austin 1100/1300 and its successor, the Austin Allegro, were still being produced at the same time.

Models

Make Type Displacement power Body shapes
Austin 1100 1098 cc 48 bhp (36 kW) L2, L4, K3
Austin 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L2, L4, K3
Austin 1300 GT 1275 cc 70 bhp (52 kW) L2, L4
Vanden Plas Princess 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L4
Wolseley 1300 1275 cc 60 bhp (45 kW) L4

ADO16 timeline

  • March 1962 - The first Morris 1100 and MG 1100 are made in Cowley, Oxfordshire .
  • Aug. 15, 1962 - The Morris 1100 is launched as a four door sedan in the UK. The two-door sedan is only available for export markets.
  • Oct. 02, 1962 - The MG 1100 is launched as a four-door sedan in Great Britain. As with the Morris 1100, the two-door sedan is only available for export markets. The MG 1100 has a 55 bhp (40 kW) engine with two carburettors and is more luxuriously equipped.
  • November 1962 - Both models have mud flaps on the rear wheels.
  • April 1963 - Introduction of the Innocenti IM3 . This is an ADO16 built in Italy by Innocenti with a different vehicle front, different bumpers and better interiors. IM means Innocenti-Morris. The 3 indicates that this is the 3rd model that Innocenti is building under a BMC license.
  • September 1963 - Introduction of the Austin 1100 , which looks similar to the Morris 1100, but has the traditional Austin grille with eight bars and the Austin crest, as well as a different interior and dashboard.
  • October 1963 - Introduction of the Vanden Plas 1100 . It is the top model with a walnut-veneered dashboard and interior door panels, picnic tables at the back and front seats in Connolly leather, as well as Wilton carpets and a headliner made of West of England cloth.
  • October 1963 - The tank for the windshield washer system is relocated on all models so that it no longer freezes in winter.
  • November 1963 - The carpets are replaced by rubber mats.
  • Feb. 17, 1964 - Launch of the Morris 1100 in Australia . There are 37 changes to the British model to make it suitable for Australian conditions, such as: B. a different, more comfortable interior. At the front, a bench is installed instead of the individual seats, the handbrake lever moves to the right-hand side between the bench and the door. A long, curved gear lever ensures that the middle between the former individual seats is free. Front and rear bumper horns are available as an option, and a sheet metal sun visor or metal grille for the windshield is available, which is intended to "protect front passengers from eye fatigue caused by intense sunlight". There is also a sun protection blind for the rear window, which consists of vertical metal slats. This should protect the interior from overheating.
  • September 1964 - Improvements: All models get a clutch with disc spring, better heating, sun visors with a corrugated surface and mirrors with plastic frames.
  • March 12-22 , 1964 - The Innocenti J4 is introduced at the Turin Motor Show . The design of the front of the vehicle is similar to that of the Morris 1100 sold in Great Britain. It has a radiator grille with eight cross bars and comparable marker lights, but with clear glass.
  • Late 1964 / early 1965 - Presentation of the MG Princess in the USA, of which only 154 are sold
  • January 1965 - The ADO16's Crayford station wagons are introduced
  • September 1965 - Wolseley 1100 and Riley Kestrel are introduced , both mechanically identical to the MG 1100. The Wolseley has a broadband speedometer, while the Riley has round instruments and a tachometer.
  • October 1965 - automatic transmissions for Morris and Austin on request
  • March 1966 - The Morris 1100 Traveler and Austin 1100 Countryman station wagons are presented at the Geneva Motor Show.
  • May 1966 - All 1100s have folding front seats. With Traveler and Countryman, this can be used to form a double bed.
  • July 1966 - The Innocenti IM3S comes out. The model no longer has bumper horns and a different grille.
  • Mid-1966 - The Longbridge plant developed a station wagon with a 1500 cm³ engine for Australia, the Nomad. This model was supposed to be delivered in Australia in June 1969 but never made it to the UK.
  • September 1966 - Production of the Morris 1100 begins in Spain; the interior fittings come from Innocenti in Italy.
  • May 1967 - Austin 1100 Countryman and Morris 1100 Traveler launched in South Africa
  • June 1967 - The 1275 cm³ engine is available on request in the MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley as a 58 bhp (43 kW) version with a carburetor. These models have a special “1275 cc” label.
  • Summer 1967 - MG 1100 ceased sales in the USA. The Austin 1100 kept the space free for the Austin America, which was available from 1968 . The Austin 1100 gets a large speedometer in the center of the dash like the one built in on the deluxe versions of the Mark II.
  • August 1967 - Launch of the Morris 1100 S in Australia. He has the 1275 cc engine.
  • October 1967 - Presentation of the 1100 Mark II model with trimmed tail fins (sedans only), ventilated wheels and side indicators in the front fenders. The interior is also being revised. The Austin and Morris versions have widened grills that extend below the headlights. The Austin and Morris logos move from the hood to the grille. The Morris versions now have a black dashboard, while the Austin have a silver dashboard. Both models are equipped with toggle switches instead of toggle switches. The combination versions have side strips made of imitation wood, but still look like the Mark I versions at the back. Introduction of the 1300 models, like the 1100 Mark II models, but with a larger engine with 1275 cm³ displacement and 58 bhp (43 kW), as well as a modified radiator grille. The Austin, MG 1300 and Morris are available with two or four doors, while the Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley are still only available with four doors. MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley are also available with automatic transmission on request. On the London Motor Show a ADO16- is convertible from Jensen shown based on an Austin 1100 Countryman.
  • November 1967– 50 1100 series delivery vans are produced, but the model is never put into series production.
  • June 1968 - Without official announcement, it transpires that the manual versions of MG, Riley, Vanden Plas and Wolseley will be equipped with the more powerful twin-carburettor version of the 1275 cc engine. The automatic versions keep the single-carburetor engine.
  • June 1969 - Australian Morris 1100 production ceases. The model is replaced by the Morris 1500 and the Nomad based on it . Around 90,000 vehicles had been built by then, all at the BMC plant in Zetland, New South Wales near Sydney .

Foreign production and sales

The Austin Victoria was an ADO16 manufactured in Pamplona with a modified vehicle front and an extended rear.

The ADO16 series was partly produced and sold on the export markets under different names:

In Spain it was sold and assembled as Austin, MG and Morris, with production starting at Authi ( Au tomóviles de T urismo H ispano I ngleses ) in Pamplona in 1966, and culminating in Austin Victoria in 1972 .

In Denmark the ADO16 was called Morris Marina . The MG models were sold as MG Sports Sedan , as was the case in the USA from 1962. Unlike in the country of origin, the cars were already available as two-door sedans. The Vanden Plas Princess was briefly called the MG Princess 1100 in the USA ; there was also an unusual two-door Austin 1100 sedan built from Mark I and Mark II components.

The Austin America was sold in the USA, Canada and Switzerland from 1968 to 1972 and had the 1,275 cc engine with 60 bhp (44 kW).

The ADO16 was also the basis of the Australian models Morris 1500 , Morris 1300 and Morris Nomad , the Italian versions Innocenti IM3 , Austin I4 and Austin I5 , the more powerful South African Austin, Morris and Wolseley 11/55 and the Austin Apache . The Spanish models Austin Victoria and the Austin de Luxe from 1974 to 1977 with a 998 cc engine were also based on the ADO16.

The Austin Apache was manufactured until 1977. This made it the last model in the ADO16 series.

Movie and TV

The private detective Perry Clifton , a fictional character from the pen of crime writer Wolfgang Ecke , drives a dark blue Morris 1100. In the film Clockwise with John Cleese , a 1100 is dismantled piece by piece.

John Cleese drives a red Austin 1100 Countryman as Basil Fawlty in Fawlty Towers . In the episode Gourmet Night , the car suddenly cannot be started, which is so upset that Basil beats up his car.

gallery

  • Austin 1100 Mark I (1964)

  • Austin 1100 Mark III (1971–1974)

  • Austin 1100 Mark I Countryman (1967)

  • MG 1300 (1968)

  • Riley Kestrel (1968)

  • Vanden Plas Princess (1963–1974)

  • Wolseley 1300 (1972)

  • In Australia there was also the Morris 1500 with the engine of the Austin Maxi

  • Innocenti J4 (Italy)

Web links

Commons : BMC ADO16  - collection of images, videos and audio files

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Morris 1100 . In: Automotive Technology . 1/1963, pp. 18-19 and 22.
  2. ↑ 1966 New Models , Autocar, Edition 124 (nbr 3656), March 11, 1966, pp. 484-486.
  3. ↑ a b c Charles Bulmer (Ed.): Motorweek: Ado 16 - 2 million. The Motor, issue nbr 3609, July 3, 1971, p. 49.
  4. ^ Morris 1100 . In: Automotive Technology . 1/1963, pp. 18-19 and 22.
  5. ↑ a b Autocar Road Test: Riley Kestrel 1275. Familiar BMC model with latest engine option. Only 3 more bhp, but much improved torque. (...) Increased performance throughout the range. Higher overall gearing gives more restful cruising, less mechanical noise and much improved fuel consumption. Ride and handling as excellent as ever . Autocar, June 8, 1967, pp. 13-16.
  6. ↑ a b c Motor Brief Test 55/69: Morris 1300 GT. The Motor, edition nbr 3518, November 22, 1969, pp. 17-19.
  7. ^ Geoffrey Howard: British Cars. Autocar, issue 134 (nbr 3920), May 13, 1971, pp. 42–45.
  8. ↑ Maurice A. Smith (Ed.): Used Cars on Test: 1963 Morris 1100. Autocar, Edition 125 (nbr 3681), September 2, 1966, pp. 514-516.
  9. ^ Equipment of the Australian Morris 1100
  10. ↑ BMC 12/12 Warranted Accessories catalog (English)
  11. ↑ Twin SUs again on BMC 1300s. Autocar, issue 128 (nbr 3775), June 20, 1968, p. 23.
  12. ↑ Production of the Australian 1100 (English)
  13. ↑ Spanish Morris 1100
  14. ↑ Spanish Austin de Luxe
  15. ↑ Spanish Austin 1300
  16. ↑ Spanish MG 1300
  17. ^ Basil beats his car youtube.com