Olympic Winter Games 2018

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XXIII. winter Olympics
logo
하나 된 열정
( Passion. Connected. )
Venue: Pyeongchang ( South Korea )
Stadion: PyeongChang Olympic Stadium
Opening ceremony: February 9, 2018
Closing ceremony: February 25, 2018
Disciplines: 15 (7 sports)
Competitions: 102
Countries: 93
Athletes: 2914 (1706 Mars symbol (male), 1208 Venus symbol (female))
← Sochi 2014
Beijing 2022 →
Medal table
space country G S. B. Ges.
1 NorwayNorway Norway 14th 14th 11 39
2 GermanyGermany Germany 14th 10 7th 31
3 CanadaCanada Canada 11 8th 10 29
4th United StatesUnited States United States 9 8th 6th 23
5 NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands 8th 6th 6th 20th
6th SwedenSweden Sweden 7th 6th 1 14th
7th Korea SouthSouth Korea South Korea 5 8th 4th 17th
8th SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland 5 6th 4th 15th
9 FranceFrance France 5 4th 6th 15th
10 AustriaAustria Austria 5 3 6th 14th
... ... ... ... ... ...
28 LiechtensteinLiechtenstein Liechtenstein - - 1 1
Complete medal table

The 2018 Winter Olympics (also known as the XXIII Winter Olympics ) took place from February 9th to 25th, 2018 in the South Korean region of Pyeongchang . For South Korea it was the second Olympic Games in its own country after the Olympic Games in Seoul in 1988 . Two more Olympic Games in Asia are to follow on Pyeongchang with the Olympic Games in Tokyo 2020 and the Olympic Winter Games in Beijing in 2022 . In the medal table, Norway took first place. The team around Marit Bjørgen , who rose to become the most successful winter Olympic champion, won a total of 39 medals, 14 gold, 14 silver and 11 bronze medals.

Choice of venue

As part of the 123rd session of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Durban ( South Africa ), the choice of the venue was carried out on July 6, 2011. Munich ( Germany ), Annecy ( France ) and Pyeongchang ( South Korea ) applied as venues . 95 members of the IOC took part in the election. In the first round, Pyeongchang prevailed with 63 votes against 25 votes for Munich and 7 votes for Annecy.

Sports facilities

Gangneung oval
Gangneung Hockey Center
Gangneung Curling Center

The sports facilities were divided into the “PyeongChang Mountain Cluster” and the “Gangneung Coastal Cluster”. In the mountain region of Pyeongchang , mainly snow sports were held. In the coastal region of Gangneung , mainly ice sports were held.

Among other things, the environmental degradation and the increase in costs in connection with the sports facilities were criticized .

Like the sports facilities, the Olympic village was divided into two parts.

Sports facilities
Olympic Winter Games 2018 (South Korea)
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PyeongChang Mountain Cluster Gangneung Coastal Cluster

Competition program

102 competitions (51 for men, 44 for women and 7 mixed competitions) in 7 sports / 15 disciplines were held. That was 4 more competitions than in Sochi in 2014 - the number of sports / disciplines remained the same. The changes are detailed below:

  • In curling , the mixed doubles extended the program.
  • In speed skating , the mass start has been added for men and women.
  • The mixed team competition was added in alpine skiing .
  • For snowboarding , the big air for men and women was added - instead of the parallel slalom for men and women.

Olympic sports / disciplines

Number of competitions in brackets

Time schedule

The schedule included events from February 7th to 25th, 2018, with several changes due to weather conditions.

Time schedule
discipline Wed.
7. 		Thursday
8 		Fri.
9. 		Sat
10. 		Sun
11. 		Mon.
12. 		Tuesday
13 		Wed.
14. 		Thursday
15. 		Fri.
16. 		Sat.
17. 		Sun.
18. 		Mon.
19. 		Tuesday
20 		Wed.
21. 		Thursday
22. 		Fri.
23. 		Sat.
24. 		Sun.
25. 		Decision-
disk-
applications
February
Olympic rings without rims.svg Opening ceremony
Biathlon pictogram.svg biathlon 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 11
bobsleigh
sport		 Bobsleigh pictogram.svg bob 1 1 1 3
Skeleton pictogram.svg skeleton 1 1 2
Curling pictogram.svg Curling 1 1 1 3
Ice hockey pictogram.svg ice Hockey 1 1 2
Ice skating Figure skating pictogram.svg figure skating 1 1 1 1 1 5
Speed ​​skating pictogram.svg Speed ​​skating 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 14th
Short track speed skating pictogram.svg Short track 1 1 2 1 3 8th
Luge pictogram.svg Luge 1 1 1 1 4th
Skiing Freestyle skiing pictogram.svg Freestyle skiing 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 10
Alpine skiing pictogram.svg Alpine skiing 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 11

Nordic skiing		 Nordic combined pictogram.svg Nordic combination 1 1 1 3
Cross country skiing pictogram.svg Cross-country skiing 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 12
Ski jumping pictogram.svg Ski jumping 1 1 1 1 4th
Snowboarding pictogram.svg Snowboard 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 10
Olympic rings without rims.svg Closing ceremony
decisions 5 6th 7th 8th 4th 9 7th 9 6th 3 5 7th 10 4th 8th 4th 102
Wed.
7. 		Thursday
8 		Fri.
9. 		Sat
10. 		Sun
11. 		Mon.
12. 		Tuesday
13 		Wed.
14. 		Thursday
15. 		Fri.
16. 		Sat.
17. 		Sun.
18. 		Mon.
19. 		Tuesday
20 		Wed.
21. 		Thursday
22. 		Fri.
23. 		Sat.
24. 		Sun.
25.
February

Color legend

  • Opening ceremony
  • Competition day (no decisions)
  • Competition day (x decisions)
  • Exhibition running (figure skating gala)
  • Closing ceremony

    • Attendees

    Around 2900 athletes from 93 countries competed. Among the athletes were around 1700 men and around 1200 women. Among the countries were 91 National Olympic Committees, the " Olympic Athletes from Russia " and " Korea ".

  • Countries with participating teams
  • Countries took part in winter games for the first time

    • The two special cases resulted from the fraud by Russia and from the negotiations between South Korea and North Korea .

    Ecuador, Eritrea, Kosovo, Malaysia, Nigeria and Singapore took part in the Winter Olympics for the first time.

    Participants of the XXIII. Olympic Winter Games
    Europe (1,704 athletes from 49 countries)
    America (505 athletes from 12 countries)
    Asia (415 athletes from 19 countries)
    Oceania (73 athletes from 3 countries)
    Africa (11 athletes from 8 countries)
    Other (203 athletes)
    (Number of athletes)
    * first participation in winter games

    Most successful athletes

    The most successful participants
    rank athlete country sport gold silver bronze total
    1 Johannes Høsflot Klæbo NorwayNorway Norway Cross-country skiing 3 0 0 3
    2 Marit Bjørgen NorwayNorway Norway Cross-country skiing 2 1 2 5
    3 Simen Hegstad Kruger NorwayNorway Norway Cross-country skiing 2 1 0 3
    Martin Johnsrud Sundby NorwayNorway Norway Cross-country skiing 2 1 0 3
    5 Laura Dahlmeier GermanyGermany Germany biathlon 2 0 1 3
    Eric Frenzel GermanyGermany Germany Nordic combination 2 0 1 3
    7th Tobias Arlt GermanyGermany Germany Luge 2 0 0 2
    Choi Min-jeong Korea SouthSouth Korea South Korea Short track 2 0 0 2
    Martin Fourcade FranceFrance France biathlon 2 0 0 2
    Francesco Friedrich GermanyGermany Germany bob 2 0 0 2
    Natalie Geisenberger GermanyGermany Germany Luge 2 0 0 2
    Ragnhild Haga NorwayNorway Norway Cross-country skiing 2 0 0 2
    Marcel Hirscher AustriaAustria Austria Alpine skiing 2 0 0 2
    Ester Ledecká Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic Snowboard / alpine skiing 2 0 0 2
    Thorsten Margis GermanyGermany Germany bob 2 0 0 2
    Johannes Rydzek GermanyGermany Germany Nordic combination 2 0 0 2
    Nana Takagi JapanJapan Japan Speed ​​skating 2 0 0 2
    Tobias Wendl GermanyGermany Germany Luge 2 0 0 2

    Ceremonies

    Opening ceremony

    The opening ceremony took place on February 9, 2018 at 12 noon Central European Time in the PyeongChang Olympic Stadium . The head of state of South Korea, President Moon Jae-in , declared the XXIII. Winter Olympics for opened. The athlete Mo Tae-bum (speed skating), the referee Kim Woosik (freestyle skiing and snowboarding) and the trainer Park Ki-ho (Nordic combined) took the Olympic oath. The last torchbearer in the Olympic relay was Kim Yuna (figure skating). While the Olympic hymn was sung in Korean for the first time at the Olympic Games in Seoul , the organizers decided to use the original Greek version.

    Closing ceremony

    The closing ceremony took place on February 25, 2018 at 12 noon Central European Time in the PyeongChang Olympic Stadium . Pyeongchang Mayor Shim Jae-kook passed the Olympic flag on; his counterpart in Beijing, Chen Jining , accepted it.

    symbolism

    Presentation of the torches
    Presentation of the torches
    Presentation of the medals
    Presentation of the medals

    The logo consisted of the letters “ ㅍ ” (“ P ”) and “ ㅊ ” (“ ch ”), referring to the initials of the syllables of the venue. The shapes used represented the sky, the earth and the people of South Korea as well as the snow, ice and the stars of the Winter Olympics. The colors used stood for South Korean art as well as for the Olympic rings.

    motto

    The motto consisted of the words " 열정 " (" Passion. ") And " 하나 된 " (" Connected. "), Referring to the passion of the generations connected by South Korean technology for the Olympic Winter Games.

    Torches

    The torches represented the nature and culture of the host country, with the 700 millimeter height being inspired by the location of the venue at 700 meters, the white color of Korean snow and the curvy shape of Korean porcelain. The construction was designed for temperatures as low as −35 ° C and wind speeds of up to 35 m / s as well as for a flame size of 20 cm and a burning time of 15 minutes.

    Medals

    The medals represented the history of the host country, with metal plaques inspired by the Korean alphabet, fabric ribbons inspired by traditional Korean costumes, and wooden covers inspired by traditional Korean homes.

    mascot

    The mascot was Soohorang, a white tiger, which symbolizes protection in Korean mythology. Accordingly, the name was derived from the Korean terms for “protection” and “tiger”.

    tickets

    Ticket sales began in February 2017.

    The prices were between approx. € 20 and approx. € 1,300. The most expensive were the tickets for the opening ceremony and the closing ceremony . The tickets for the actual competitions, where the prices differed depending on the popularity of the discipline in South Korea, were cheaper.

    Broadcast rights

    In June 2015, the International Olympic Committee sold the broadcasting rights in Europe from 2018 to 2024 for around € 1.3 billion to Discovery Communications .

    Eurosport , the family of channels of Discovery Communications, broadcast the event across Europe. In addition, the event was broadcast in the individual countries by broadcasting families with sub-licenses, for example by ARD and ZDF in Germany, ORF in Austria or SRG SSR in Switzerland.

    criticism

    doping

    On December 5, 2017, the International Olympic Committee closed the National Olympic Committee of Russia as a result of the McLaren Report because of a state-controlled doping system from the XXIII. Olympic Winter Games. Russian athletes who are said not to have been part of the doping system were allowed to compete under the name “ Olympic athletes from Russia ”, that is, with an Olympic flag and an Olympic anthem. On February 1, 2018, the International Court of Justice lifted numerous life-long Olympic bans against Russian athletes for lack of evidence. Those affected were scored again at the previous Winter Olympics , but were not invited to the upcoming Winter Olympics.

    On January 29, 2018, the ARD doping editorial team published a report that the planned doping control bottles were relatively easy to copy. This is another way of manipulating doping samples.

    On February 4, 2018, a network made up of the German TV broadcaster ARD , the Swedish TV broadcaster SVT , the British Sunday newspaper Sunday Times and the Swiss online magazine Republik published a report according to which at least a third of all medals in cross-country skiing at the Olympic Winter Games and World Championships between 2001 and 2017 from Athletes with suspicious blood tests were won. Also in 2018 in Pyeongchang, at least 50 cross-country skiers are qualified who have already had suspicious blood values ​​in the past.

    During the XXIII. There were four doping cases at the Winter Olympics. The Japanese short tracker Kei Saito tested positive for the diuretic acetazolamide , the Slovenian ice hockey player Žiga Jeglič tested positive for the asthma drug Fenoterol , the Russian curler Alexander Alexandrowitsch Kruschelnizki tested positive for the heart drug meldonium and the Russian bobsledder Nadezhda Viktorovna Sergejewa tested positive for the heart drug trimetazidin . All four athletes were banned from the event. In addition, the Russian curler and his partner were stripped of the bronze medal they had previously won in the mixed doubles and awarded to the Norwegian team Kristin Skaslien / Magnus Nedregotten .

    Security issue

    In the run-up to the XXIII. At the Winter Olympics, there were concerns that the conflict between South Korea and North Korea could escalate.

    On January 1, 2018, North Korean ruler Kim Jong-un said in his New Year's address that the two countries should hold talks again. On January 9, 2018, government representatives from both countries met and agreed on athletes from North Korea for the competitions in South Korea. On January 17, 2018, a spokesman for the South Korean Unification Ministry said that the two countries would enter the opening ceremony under the name " Korea " and compete in women's ice hockey together.

    The official delegation from North Korea was led by Kim Yŏng-nam (protocol head of state) and Kim Yo-jong (sister of Kim Jong-un) at the opening ceremony and by Kim Yong-chol (general) at the closing ceremony .

    In view of the cyber attack on South Korea in 2013 and the attack on Sony in 2014, not only fires and earthquakes but also cyber attacks had been trained in advance of the games. Nevertheless, malware ("Olympic Destroyer") got into the systems and paralyzed almost the entire IT on the opening day.

    Environmental degradation

    During the development of the Jeongseon Alpine Center at Gariwangsan , around 60,000 trees, some of which were centuries old, were felled. After protests, however, the planned departure was postponed, the additional women's route was canceled and the so-called “magic tree” was bypassed.

    Cost increase

    With a total budget of around 10.1 billion euros, the XXIII. Winter Olympics and the XII. Paralympic Winter Games about twice as expensive as originally planned. For comparison, the total for the previous Winter Olympic Games and the previous Winter Paralympic Games was approximately four times as much.

    XII. Paralympic Winter Games

    The XII. The Paralympic Winter Games , an analog event for people with disabilities, were then also held in Pyeongchang (South Korea) from March 9 to 18, 2018.

    Web links

    Commons : XXIII. Winter Olympics  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ 2018 Host City Election. In: olympic.org. IOC, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    2. ↑ Venues. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    3. ↑ PyeongChang 2018 opens Village doors and welcomes world's best winter athletes. In: olympic.org. IOC, February 1, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    4. ^ Six new events added to the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Program. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, June 9, 2015, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    5. ↑ Competition Schedule. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    6. ↑ Athletes. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    7. ↑ Olympic Winter Games participation expanding: Olympic Village open doors to six new National Olympic Committees. In: olympic.com. IOC, January 31, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    8. ↑ Opening ceremony: PyeongChang repeat. In: OlympicChannel.com. Retrieved March 1, 2018 .
    9. ↑ Graduation: PyeongChang repeat. In: OlympicChannel.com. Retrieved March 1, 2018 .
    10. ↑ PyeongChang 2018 Launches Official Emblem. In: olympic.org. IOC, May 3, 2013, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    11. ↑ PyeongChang 2018 celebrates 1,000 days to go with new slogan. In: olympic.org. IOC, May 16, 2015, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    12. ^ The Olympic flame will let everyone shine. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    13. ↑ Olympic Winter Games PyeongChang 2018 Medals. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    14. ↑ Soohorang. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    15. ↑ Get your tickets and share the passion! In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, February 8, 2017, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    16. ↑ Tickets for the 2018 Olympics from February 9th. In: merkur.de. Ippen Digital, February 8, 2017, accessed January 20, 2017 .
    17. ↑ IOC grants TV rights for the Olympics to Eurosport. In: welt.de. Axel Springer, June 29, 2015, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    18. ↑ PyeongChang 2018 Broadcasters. In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    19. ↑ IOC excludes Russia - athletes are allowed to start. In: sportschau.de. WDR, December 5, 2017, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    20. ↑ CAS lifts Olympic bans for 28 Russians. In: sportschau.de. WDR, February 4, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    21. ↑ ARD experiment shows: doping test bottles can be copied. In: sportschau.de. WDR, January 29, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    22. ^ Hajo Seppelt, Edmund Willison: Cross-country skiing - medal winner under suspicion of manipulation. In: sportschau.de. WDR, February 4, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    23. ↑ Japanese short tracker ensures first positive doping test. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online, February 13, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    24. ^ Slovenian ice hockey player with a positive doping test. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online, February 20, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    25. ^ Kruschelnizki excluded from the Olympics. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online, February 22, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    26. ↑ Bobsleigh pilot refrains from B-sample. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online, February 24, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    27. ↑ Medalists by Event. (PDF; 144 KB) In: pyeongchang2018.com. POCOG, February 25, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    28. ↑ Stefanie Schoeneborn: Between uncertainty and anticipation. In: zdf.de. ZDF, November 5, 2017, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    29. ↑ South Korea offers North Korea talks. In: zdf.de. ZDF, January 2, 2018, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    30. ↑ Olympia brings Seoul and Pyongyang together. In: zdf.de. ZDF, January 9, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    31. ↑ North and South come in together. In: zdf.de. ZDF, January 17, 2018, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    32. ↑ SHE writes history, HE prefers to watch rockets. In: bild.de. Image, February 9, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    33. ↑ Kim's worst general at the Olympia graduation ceremony. In: bild.de. Image, February 25, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    34. ^ Andy Greenberg: The Untold Story of the 2018 Olympics Cyberattack, the Most Deceptive Hack in History . In: Wired, October 17, 2019
    35. ↑ Katrin Erdmann: 60,000 trees for a ski jump. In: deutschlandfunk.de. Deutschlandradio, August 21, 2017, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    36. ↑ Max Bosse: 50,000 trees sacrificed for six decisions. In: ksta.de. DuMont.next, February 10, 2018, accessed on February 25, 2018 .
    37. ↑ That's how expensive the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang are. In: eurosport.de. Eurosport, February 23, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    38. ↑ Pyeongchang's Billions Games. In: rp-online.de. RP Digital, February 6, 2018, accessed February 25, 2018 .
    39. ↑ PyeongChang2018 Paralympic Winter Games. In: pyeongchang2018.org. POCOG, accessed February 25, 2018 .