Ryder Cup
Ryder Cup | |
---|---|
information | |
Major (yes / no) : | No |
Tour (s) : | PGA of America & PGA European Tour |
organized since: | 1927 |
Venue (s): | Changing clubs |
Game form : | 28 games of match play |
Total prize money: | 0, - |
normal appointment (month) : | End of September (every 2 years) |
Top performances | |
Title holder | |
Surname: | EUR |
The Ryder Cup is a two-year multi-day golf team tournament between the best golfers in Europe and the United States . It is named after the British seed trader and golf sponsor Samuel Ryder . Although it is a pure prestige duel with no prize money, it has developed into the most important golf team tournament in the world since it was first officially hosted in 1927. Since it was first hosted, at that time only between players from Great Britain and the USA, the venue has changed between the continents. In contrast to almost all professional tournaments, the competition is not played in the usual stroke play , but in match play mode with changing game types.
The tournament is jointly hosted by the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe . The latter is a joint venture of the PGA European Tour (60%), the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (20%) and the PGA of Europe (20%).
history
Origin and unofficial events
The history of the Ryder Cup, which was held regularly from 1927 and was then officially named, goes back to the year 1920/21. The Golf Illustrated editor James D. Harnett had the idea of forming a powerful American delegation in preparation for the 1921 British Open in St Andrews , Scotland , as this title had never before been won by an American . His magazine then launched a call to raise funds for this project through donations. The request was also presented to the PGA , which it then supported. In the spring of 1921 this project took shape - a team of twelve golfers was formed who were to travel to Great Britain early on . In order to ensure better preparation for the British Open, the idea of a preliminary comparison competition with British golfers came up at the same time. This event was held on June 6, 1921, two weeks before the actual championship, in nearby Gleneagles . However, since not all Americans could compete, the teams were then formed by 10 golfers each. 5 foursomes were played in the morning and 10 individual matches in the afternoon on the “King's Course” of the Gleneagles Hotel . The British selection clearly won this comparison with 9: 3 wins in 3 divided games. Although this comparison was clearly lost, the real aim of the action was achieved; the American Jock Hutchison - albeit a native of Scots - then won the British Open in 1921.
Although the action was successful, the comparison was not carried out for the next few years; At the time, not very many US golfers traveled regularly to tournaments in Great Britain, as the travel expenses were often too great for them. This country comparison was not to be reissued until 1926, when a larger number of US golfers were again registered for the British tournaments and golf professional Walter Hagen then called for a new comparison of the two countries in February 1926. He planned that four golfers from each country should compete against each other in a stroke play competition. In April 1926, the New York Times announced that an unnamed golf enthusiast was donating a prize to an annual tournament. A few weeks later, the first details and a date were published, it was supposed to be an annual match game mode comparison between eight British and American golfers, which was to be played on June 5th and 6th. On the first day, foursome games should be played, the second day should only be used for individual matches. At the same time, the name of the seed dealer Samuel Ryder was published as a donor, who had appeared with his brother James as an important sponsor and patron of the British tournaments. The tournament was then finally played with ten players each and was a major defeat for the Americans, they lost 13-1 games in a shared game. Contrary to the original announcement, the cup was not awarded after all; Ryder decided to hold the Cup back for a year after criticism from various sides; u. a. because the US team was not formed by the PGA itself, but mainly by Walter Hagen. Another point of criticism was the late arrival of the Americans, so that they could not play before the tournament. In addition, the “official” character of the event was generally called into question; Shortly before the event, a general strike took place in the USA , after which players and spectators were unsure for a long time. The decisive point, however, was presumably disagreements with regard to the eligibility to play; On the US side, five players who were not native US-Americans were nominated - these were then considered to be not eligible to play, in addition two other players were not considered for the matches - the games were then only played by the three US-Americans Walter Hagen , Bill Melhorn and Al Watrus disputed. Although the event took place in the unofficial context, it was mainly referred to as the "Ryder Cup" by the press at the time in their reporting.
Official events
The first official staging of the cup took place in 1927 in Worcester , Massachusetts , under much more professional conditions. The rules were set in advance by a committee and the PGA of America introduced qualifications for their players. It also stipulated that only native US citizens are allowed to compete, although this was not part of their standard regulations. The British "Golf Illustrated" announced a donation goal of 3,000 pounds for a fund to enable its golfers to participate in the US Open and the Ryder Cup. Ryder first drew £ 100 here; after closing the fund with a shortfall of £ 300, he added the shortfall. The first team captains were Ted Ray (Great Britain) and Walter Hagen (USA). The USA was able to secure a clear victory with 9.5 to 2.5 points. In 1928, due to the extensive preparations and circumstances, it was decided not to hold the next tournament until 1929 and to maintain this two-year cycle in the future. For the 1929 tournament, the PGA of America confirmed its rule to only allow born US citizens to play, but this decision was then revised by the Ryder Cup Committee at the end of the year. It resolved the general eligibility to play for all naturalized players of a country and members of the respective national player organization.
From 1939 to 1945 the Ryder Cup was canceled due to World War II . In 2001 the match was postponed for a year because of the September 11th terrorist attacks ; since then it has taken place in even years.
The American golfers dominated the cup at will at times, between 1935 and 1973 the British selection was only able to prevail once. In order to make the competition more balanced, the British team was strengthened with golfers from Ireland from 1973 onwards, and since 1979 players from all over Europe can be called up as opponents of the USA. Since then, the balance of power has been more balanced: Although the American team is usually the favorite, they have only been able to win eight competitions since then; Europe won on eleven occasions (a draw was made in 1989; Europe retained the cup as defending champions).
The Ryder Cup has gradually developed into a very serious comparison of golfers of the old against those of the New World and a highly regarded sporting event. Atypical for the actually so refined and reserved golf sport, the emotions of players and spectators sometimes rocket extremely high - in the 1990s up to allegations of unsportsmanlike conduct.
Teams
Each team has twelve players, the qualification is mainly done by the "Moneylists" of the PGA and the European / World Tour. As a rule, eight to ten players qualify via the relevant lists; the captain can distribute wild cards (“Captain's Picks”) for the remaining free places .
Captain
A team captain is appointed for each team; apart from the captain's picks, he essentially determines the formation and strategy of the team. The captain can act both as a playing (playing) or non-playing (non-playing) captain . The captain is supported by up to four (in 2012) vice captains.
mode
In contrast to the usual professional golf tournaments, the Ryder Cup is not played as a stroke game , but in match play mode (man against man). Since 1979, 28 games will be played over three days in a maximum of 18 holes: four (Fr./Sa./So.) Foursome - and Four Ball -Partien on Friday and Saturday morning and afternoon, and on the last day traditionally the twelve individual matches. For the fourball and foursome games, the captains determine the composition of the teams and the order in which the teams play. The respective organizer determines whether fourball or foursome is played first. The team captain also determines the order in which the 12 players play for the individual games. The captains know neither the composition of the pairs of four nor the sequence chosen by the other party, so the pairings are random. The winner of each game gets one point, a tie is scored with half a point for both parties. If there is a tie at the end of the 28 games (14:14), the title holder will be declared the winner. The challenger team therefore needs at least 14½ points to win.
year | day 1 | day 2 | Day 3 | Total points |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
morning | afternoon | morning | afternoon | morning | afternoon | ||
1927-59 | 4 36-hole foursome | 8 36-hole single | - | 12 | |||
1961 | 4 foursome | 4 foursome | 8 single | 8 single | - | 24 | |
1963-71 | 4 foursome | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 4 fourball | 8 single | 8 single | 32 |
1973 | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 8 single | 8 single | 32 |
1975 | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 4 fourball | 4 foursome | 8 single | 8 single | 32 |
1977 | 5 foursome | 5 fourball | 10 singles | 20th | |||
since 1979 | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 12 single | 28 | |
or | or | ||||||
4 fourball | 4 foursome | 4 fourball | 4 foursome |
Results
- * 1969 and 1989 there was a draw. In such cases, the cup remains with the defending champion.
statistics
The US team has won 26 out of 42 games so far, while European teams have won 14 games. The matches in 1969 and 1989 ended in a draw, in these cases the cup remained with the respective defending champion. The listing in detail:
year | team | team | was standing | Points |
---|---|---|---|---|
1929-1971 | United States | GBR | 15-1-3 | 216-124 |
1973-1977 | United States | GBR & IRL | 3-0-0 | 52.5-31.5 |
1979 – today | Europe | United States | 11-1-8 | 286.5-273.5 |
Status: win – draw – defeat
Points: Number of match games won (1929–1959: 12, 1961: 24, 1963–1975: 32, 1977: 20, since 1979: 28)
Future venues
year | Club, course | place | Capt. United States | Capt. EUR |
---|---|---|---|---|
2021 | Whistling Straits, Straits Course | Haven , Wisconsin | Steve Stricker | Padraig Harrington |
2023 | Marco Simone Golf & Country Club | Guidonia Montecelio | ||
2025 | Bethpage Black Course | Farmingdale , New York | ||
2027 | Adare Manor | Adare , Limerick , Ireland | ||
2029 | Hazeltine National Golf Club | Chaska , Minnesota | ||
2031 | Not yet taken | |||
2033 | Olympic Club, Lake Course | San Francisco , California | ||
2035 | Not yet taken | |||
2037 | Congressional Country Club, Blue Course | Bethesda , Maryland |
Note: All tournaments from 2020 onwards have been postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic , so that the Ryder Cup will take place in odd years again, as in the period from 1927–1999. The venues will remain unchanged, provided that they have already been determined.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Bob Harig: At Ryder Cup, follow the money . ESPN.com . September 23, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014: “According to [Ryder Cup Europe director Richard] Hills, the European Tour controls 60 percent of the event [in Europe], with the PGA of Great Britain and the PGA of Europe each holding 20 percent. "
- ↑ library.la84.org (PDF).
- ↑ library.la84.org (PDF).
- ↑ news.google.com
- ^ "Professional International Match". The Times 1926 (February 20): 5.
- ^ "Cup Offered for Golf Match Between US and British Pros". The New York Times 1926 (April 17)
- ↑ a b c d Fry, Peter (July 2000). Samuel Ryder: The Man Behind the Ryder Cup. Wright Press. ISBN 978-0-9539087-0-7 .
- ↑ rydercup.com
- ↑ rydercup.com
- ^ PGA of America: Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup Rescheduled for 2021 & 2022, Respectively. rydercup.com, July 8, 2020, accessed July 8, 2020 .