Ryder Cup

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Ryder Cup
information
Major (yes / no) : No
Tour (s) : PGA of America & PGA European Tour
organized since: 1927
Venue (s): Changing clubs
Game form : 28 games of match play
Total prize money: 0, -
normal appointment (month) : End of September (every 2 years)
Top performances
Title holder
Surname: ## EUR

The Ryder Cup is a two-year multi-day golf team tournament between the best golfers in Europe and the United States . It is named after the British seed trader and golf sponsor Samuel Ryder . Although it is a pure prestige duel with no prize money, it has developed into the most important golf team tournament in the world since it was first officially hosted in 1927. Since it was first hosted, at that time only between players from Great Britain and the USA, the venue has changed between the continents. In contrast to almost all professional tournaments, the competition is not played in the usual stroke play , but in match play mode with changing game types.

The tournament is jointly hosted by the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe . The latter is a joint venture of the PGA European Tour (60%), the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (20%) and the PGA of Europe (20%).

history

Origin and unofficial events

The history of the Ryder Cup, which was held regularly from 1927 and was then officially named, goes back to the year 1920/21. The Golf Illustrated editor James D. Harnett had the idea of forming a powerful American delegation in preparation for the 1921 British Open in St Andrews , Scotland , as this title had never before been won by an American . His magazine then launched a call to raise funds for this project through donations. The request was also presented to the PGA , which it then supported. In the spring of 1921 this project took shape - a team of twelve golfers was formed who were to travel to Great Britain early on . In order to ensure better preparation for the British Open, the idea of ​​a preliminary comparison competition with British golfers came up at the same time. This event was held on June 6, 1921, two weeks before the actual championship, in nearby Gleneagles . However, since not all Americans could compete, the teams were then formed by 10 golfers each. 5 foursomes were played in the morning and 10 individual matches in the afternoon on the “King's Course” of the Gleneagles Hotel . The British selection clearly won this comparison with 9: 3 wins in 3 divided games. Although this comparison was clearly lost, the real aim of the action was achieved; the American Jock Hutchison - albeit a native of Scots - then won the British Open in 1921.

The Ryder Cup

Although the action was successful, the comparison was not carried out for the next few years; At the time, not very many US golfers traveled regularly to tournaments in Great Britain, as the travel expenses were often too great for them. This country comparison was not to be reissued until 1926, when a larger number of US golfers were again registered for the British tournaments and golf professional Walter Hagen then called for a new comparison of the two countries in February 1926. He planned that four golfers from each country should compete against each other in a stroke play competition. In April 1926, the New York Times announced that an unnamed golf enthusiast was donating a prize to an annual tournament. A few weeks later, the first details and a date were published, it was supposed to be an annual match game mode comparison between eight British and American golfers, which was to be played on June 5th and 6th. On the first day, foursome games should be played, the second day should only be used for individual matches. At the same time, the name of the seed dealer Samuel Ryder was published as a donor, who had appeared with his brother James as an important sponsor and patron of the British tournaments. The tournament was then finally played with ten players each and was a major defeat for the Americans, they lost 13-1 games in a shared game. Contrary to the original announcement, the cup was not awarded after all; Ryder decided to hold the Cup back for a year after criticism from various sides; u. a. because the US team was not formed by the PGA itself, but mainly by Walter Hagen. Another point of criticism was the late arrival of the Americans, so that they could not play before the tournament. In addition, the “official” character of the event was generally called into question; Shortly before the event, a general strike took place in the USA , after which players and spectators were unsure for a long time. The decisive point, however, was presumably disagreements with regard to the eligibility to play; On the US side, five players who were not native US-Americans were nominated - these were then considered to be not eligible to play, in addition two other players were not considered for the matches - the games were then only played by the three US-Americans Walter Hagen , Bill Melhorn and Al Watrus disputed. Although the event took place in the unofficial context, it was mainly referred to as the "Ryder Cup" by the press at the time in their reporting.

Official events

The first official staging of the cup took place in 1927 in Worcester , Massachusetts , under much more professional conditions. The rules were set in advance by a committee and the PGA of America introduced qualifications for their players. It also stipulated that only native US citizens are allowed to compete, although this was not part of their standard regulations. The British "Golf Illustrated" announced a donation goal of 3,000 pounds for a fund to enable its golfers to participate in the US Open and the Ryder Cup. Ryder first drew £ 100 here; after closing the fund with a shortfall of £ 300, he added the shortfall. The first team captains were Ted Ray (Great Britain) and Walter Hagen (USA). The USA was able to secure a clear victory with 9.5 to 2.5 points. In 1928, due to the extensive preparations and circumstances, it was decided not to hold the next tournament until 1929 and to maintain this two-year cycle in the future. For the 1929 tournament, the PGA of America confirmed its rule to only allow born US citizens to play, but this decision was then revised by the Ryder Cup Committee at the end of the year. It resolved the general eligibility to play for all naturalized players of a country and members of the respective national player organization.

From 1939 to 1945 the Ryder Cup was canceled due to World War II . In 2001 the match was postponed for a year because of the September 11th terrorist attacks ; since then it has taken place in even years.

Bernhard Langer at the Ryder Cup 1991 on Kiawah Island

The American golfers dominated the cup at will at times, between 1935 and 1973 the British selection was only able to prevail once. In order to make the competition more balanced, the British team was strengthened with golfers from Ireland from 1973 onwards, and since 1979 players from all over Europe can be called up as opponents of the USA. Since then, the balance of power has been more balanced: Although the American team is usually the favorite, they have only been able to win eight competitions since then; Europe won on eleven occasions (a draw was made in 1989; Europe retained the cup as defending champions).

The Ryder Cup has gradually developed into a very serious comparison of golfers of the old against those of the New World and a highly regarded sporting event. Atypical for the actually so refined and reserved golf sport, the emotions of players and spectators sometimes rocket extremely high - in the 1990s up to allegations of unsportsmanlike conduct.

Teams

Each team has twelve players, the qualification is mainly done by the "Moneylists" of the PGA and the European / World Tour. As a rule, eight to ten players qualify via the relevant lists; the captain can distribute wild cards (“Captain's Picks”) for the remaining free places .

Captain

A team captain is appointed for each team; apart from the captain's picks, he essentially determines the formation and strategy of the team. The captain can act both as a playing (playing) or non-playing (non-playing) captain . The captain is supported by up to four (in 2012) vice captains.

mode

In contrast to the usual professional golf tournaments, the Ryder Cup is not played as a stroke game , but in match play mode (man against man). Since 1979, 28 games will be played over three days in a maximum of 18 holes: four (Fr./Sa./So.) Foursome - and Four Ball -Partien on Friday and Saturday morning and afternoon, and on the last day traditionally the twelve individual matches. For the fourball and foursome games, the captains determine the composition of the teams and the order in which the teams play. The respective organizer determines whether fourball or foursome is played first. The team captain also determines the order in which the 12 players play for the individual games. The captains know neither the composition of the pairs of four nor the sequence chosen by the other party, so the pairings are random. The winner of each game gets one point, a tie is scored with half a point for both parties. If there is a tie at the end of the 28 games (14:14), the title holder will be declared the winner. The challenger team therefore needs at least 14½ points to win.

year day 1 day 2 Day 3 Total
points
morning afternoon morning afternoon morning afternoon
1927-59 4 36-hole foursome 8 36-hole single - 12
1961 4 foursome 4 foursome 8 single 8 single - 24
1963-71 4 foursome 4 foursome 4 fourball 4 fourball 8 single 8 single 32
1973 4 foursome 4 fourball 4 foursome 4 fourball 8 single 8 single 32
1975 4 foursome 4 fourball 4 fourball 4 foursome 8 single 8 single 32
1977 5 foursome 5 fourball 10 singles 20th
since 1979 4 foursome 4 fourball 4 foursome 4 fourball 12 single 28
or or
4 fourball 4 foursome 4 fourball 4 foursome

Results

year place (Club, course) city winner P. loser P. Captain USA Captain EUR / GBR
1927 United StatesUnited States Worcester , MA ## United States ## GBR Walter Hagen Ted Ray
1929 EnglandEngland Leeds ## GBR 7th ## United States 5 Walter Hagen George Duncan
1931 United StatesUnited States Columbus , OH ## United States 9 ## GBR 3 Walter Hagen Charles Whitcombe
1933 EnglandEngland Southport ## GBR ## United States Walter Hagen JH Taylor
1935 United StatesUnited States Paramus , NJ ## United States 9 ## GBR 3 Walter Hagen Charles Whitcombe
1937 EnglandEngland Southport ## United States 8th ## GBR 4th Walter Hagen Henry Cotton
1947 United StatesUnited States Portland , OR ## United States 11 ## GBR 1 Ben Hogan Henry Cotton
1949 EnglandEngland Scarborough ## United States 7th ## GBR 5 Ben Hogan Charles Whitcombe
1951 United StatesUnited States Pinehurst , NC ## United States ## GBR Sam Snead Arthur Lacey
1953 EnglandEngland Wentworth Club , Virginia Water , Surrey ## United States ## GBR Lloyd Mangrum Henry Cotton
1955 United StatesUnited States Rancho Mirage , CA ## United States 8th ## GBR 4th Chick Harbert Dai Rees
1957 EnglandEngland Worksop , South Yorkshire ## GBR ## United States Jack Burke Jr Dai Rees
1959 United StatesUnited States Indian Wells , CA ## United States ## GBR Sam Snead Dai Rees
1961 EnglandEngland Royal Lytham & St Annes , Lytham St Annes ## United States 14½ ## GBR Jerry Barber Dai Rees
1963 United StatesUnited States Atlanta , GA ## United States 23 ## GBR 9 Arnold Palmer John Fallon
1965 EnglandEngland Royal Birkdale Golf Club , Southport ## United States 19½ ## GBR 12½ Byron Nelson Harry Weetman
1967 United StatesUnited States Houston , TX ## United States 23½ ## GBR Ben Hogan Dai Rees
1969 * EnglandEngland Royal Birkdale Golf Club , Southport ## United States 16 ## GBR 16 Sam Snead Eric Brown
1971 United StatesUnited States St. Louis , MO ## United States 18½ ## GBR 13½ Jay Hebert Eric Brown
1973 ScotlandScotland Muirfield , Gullane ## United States 19th Flag of Great Britain and Ireland GBR & IRL 13 Jack Burke Jr. Bernard Hunt
1975 United StatesUnited States Ligonier , PA ## United States 21st Flag of Great Britain and Ireland GBR & IRL 11 Arnold Palmer Bernard Hunt
1977 EnglandEngland Royal Lytham & St Annes , Lytham St Annes ## United States 12½ Flag of Great Britain and Ireland GBR & IRL Dow Darkwood Brian Huggett
1979 United StatesUnited States The Greenbrier (The Greenbrier Course), White Sulfur Springs , WV ## United States 17th ## EUR 11 Billy Casper John Jacobs
1981 EnglandEngland Walton Heath Golf Club, Walton-on-the-Hill , Surrey ## United States 18½ ## EUR Dave Marr John Jacobs
1983 United StatesUnited States PGA National Golf Club, Palm Beach Gardens , FL ## United States 14½ ## EUR 13½ Jack Nicklaus Tony Jacklin
1985 EnglandEngland The Belfry (Brabazon Course), Sutton Coldfield ## EUR 16½ ## United States 11½ Lee Trevino Tony Jacklin
1987 United StatesUnited States Muirfield Village, Dublin , OH ## EUR 15th ## United States 13 Jack Nicklaus Tony Jacklin
1989 * EnglandEngland The Belfry (Brabazon Course), Sutton Coldfield ## EUR 14th ## United States 14th Raymond Floyd Tony Jacklin
1991 United StatesUnited States Kiawah Island Golf Resort (Ocean Course), Kiawah Island , SC ## United States 14½ ## EUR 13½ Dave Stockton Bernard Gallacher
1993 EnglandEngland The Belfry (Brabazon Course), Sutton Coldfield ## United States 15th ## EUR 13 Tom Watson Bernard Gallacher
1995 United StatesUnited States Oak Hill Country Club (East Course), Pittsford , NY ## EUR 14½ ## United States 13½ Lanny Wadkins Bernard Gallacher
1997 SpainSpain Valderrama Golf Club , San Roque ## EUR 14½ ## United States 13½ Tom Kite Severiano Ballesteros
1999 United StatesUnited States The Country Club (Composite Course), Brookline , MA ## United States 14½ ## EUR 13½ Ben Crenshaw Mark James
2002 EnglandEngland The Belfry (Brabazon Course), Sutton Coldfield ## EUR 15½ ## United States 12½ Curtis Strange Sam Torrance
2004 United StatesUnited States Oakland Hills Country Club (South Course), Bloomfield Township , MI ## EUR 18½ ## United States Hal Sutton Bernhard Langer
2006 IrelandIreland The K Club , Straffan , County Kildare ## EUR 18½ ## United States Tom Lehman Ian Woosnam
2008 United StatesUnited States Valhalla Golf Club, Louisville , KY ## United States 16½ ## EUR 11½ Paul Azinger Nick Faldo
2010 WalesFlag of Wales (1959 – present) .svg Celtic Manor Resort (Twenty Ten Course), Celtic Manor, Newport ## EUR 14½ ## United States 13½ Corey Pavin Colin Montgomerie
2012 United StatesUnited States Medinah Country Club (Course No. 3), Medinah , IL ## EUR 14½ ## United States 13½ Davis Love III José María Olazábal
2014 ScotlandScotland Gleneagles Hotel (PGA Centenary Course), Auchterarder ## EUR 16½ ## United States 11½ Tom Watson Paul McGinley
2016 United StatesUnited States Hazeltine National Golf Club, Chaska , MN ## United States 17th ## EUR 11 Davis Love III Darren Clarke
2018 FranceFrance Le Golf National (Albatross Course), Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines , Le Golf National ## EUR 17½ ## United States 10½ Jim Furyk Thomas Bjørn
2020 United StatesUnited States Whistling Straits (Straits Course), Haven , WI Steve Stricker Padraig Harrington
2022 ItalyItaly Marco Simone Golf and Country Club , Guidonia Montecelio
2024 United StatesUnited States Bethpage State Park (Black Course), Farmingdale , New York

- * 1969 and 1989 there was a draw. In such cases, the cup remains with the defending champion.

statistics

The US team has won 26 out of 42 games so far, while European teams have won 14 games. The matches in 1969 and 1989 ended in a draw, in these cases the cup remained with the respective defending champion. The listing in detail:

year team team was standing Points
1929-1971 ## United States ## GBR 15-1-3 216-124
1973-1977 ## United States Flag of Great Britain and Ireland GBR & IRL 3-0-0 52.5-31.5
1979 – today ## Europe ## United States 11-1-8 286.5-273.5

Status: win – draw – defeat
Points: Number of match games won (1929–1959: 12, 1961: 24, 1963–1975: 32, 1977: 20, since 1979: 28)

Future venues

year Club, course place Capt. United States Capt. EUR
2021 Whistling Straits, Straits Course United StatesUnited States Haven , Wisconsin United StatesUnited States Steve Stricker European UnionEuropean Union Padraig Harrington
2023 Marco Simone Golf & Country Club ItalyItaly Guidonia Montecelio United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2025 Bethpage Black Course United StatesUnited States Farmingdale , New York United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2027 Adare Manor IrelandIreland Adare , Limerick , Ireland United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2029 Hazeltine National Golf Club United StatesUnited States Chaska , Minnesota United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2031 Not yet taken United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2033 Olympic Club, Lake Course United StatesUnited States San Francisco , California United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2035 Not yet taken United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union
2037 Congressional Country Club, Blue Course United StatesUnited States Bethesda , Maryland United StatesUnited States European UnionEuropean Union

Note: All tournaments from 2020 onwards have been postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic , so that the Ryder Cup will take place in odd years again, as in the period from 1927–1999. The venues will remain unchanged, provided that they have already been determined.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bob Harig: At Ryder Cup, follow the money . ESPN.com . September 23, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014: “According to [Ryder Cup Europe director Richard] Hills, the European Tour controls 60 percent of the event [in Europe], with the PGA of Great Britain and the PGA of Europe each holding 20 percent. "
  2. library.la84.org (PDF).
  3. library.la84.org (PDF).
  4. news.google.com
  5. ^ "Professional International Match". The Times 1926 (February 20): 5.
  6. ^ "Cup Offered for Golf Match Between US and British Pros". The New York Times 1926 (April 17)
  7. a b c d Fry, Peter (July 2000). Samuel Ryder: The Man Behind the Ryder Cup. Wright Press. ISBN 978-0-9539087-0-7 .
  8. rydercup.com
  9. rydercup.com
  10. ^ PGA of America: Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup Rescheduled for 2021 & 2022, Respectively. rydercup.com, July 8, 2020, accessed July 8, 2020 .