List of former national capitals: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Line 1,335: | Line 1,335: | ||
| 1596 |
| 1596 |
||
| moved to [[Warsaw]] |
| moved to [[Warsaw]] |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Warsaw]] |
|||
| [[Poland]] |
|||
| 1596 |
|||
| 2009 |
|||
| moved to [[Płock]] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Lublin]] |
| [[Lublin]] |
||
Line 1,389: | Line 1,395: | ||
| 1841 |
| 1841 |
||
| moved to [[Belgrade]] |
| moved to [[Belgrade]] |
||
|- |
|||
| [[Belgrade]] |
|||
| [[Serbia]] |
|||
| 1841 |
|||
| 2013 |
|||
| renamed [[Belgrade|Serbia City]] |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| [[Câmpulung]] |
| [[Câmpulung]] |
Revision as of 16:48, 12 October 2008
Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist, the capital was moved, or the capital city was renamed. This is a list of such cities, sorted by country and then by date.
Africa
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Léopoldville | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1960 | 1966 | renamed Kinshasa |
Grand Bassam | Côte d'Ivoire | 1893 | 1900 | moved to Bingerville |
Bingerville | Côte d'Ivoire | 1900 | 1933 | moved to Abidjan |
Abidjan | Côte d'Ivoire | 1933 | 1983 | moved to Yamoussoukro |
Al-Fustat | Egypt | 641 905 |
750 969 |
moved to Al-Askar moved to Cairo (see also: Capital of Egypt) |
Al-Askar | Egypt | 750 | 868 | moved to Al-Qatta'i |
Al-Qatta'i | Egypt | 868 | 905 | moved back to Fustat |
Otjimbingwe | German South-West Africa | 1886 | 1892 | moved to Windhoek |
Cape Coast | Ghana (Gold Coast) | 1664 | 1877 | moved to Accra |
Bolama | Guinea-Bissau | 1879 | 1941 | moved to Bissau |
Boe | Guinea-Bissau | 1973 | 1974 | moved back to Bissau |
Njimi | Kanem | fl. 11th Century | c.1396 | lost to Bulala invaders (eventually moved to Ngazargamu) |
Ngazargamu | Kanem-Bornu Empire | c.1472 | 1808 | lost to Fulani invaders (eventually moved to Kukawa) |
Kukawa | Kanem-Bornu Empire | 1814 | 1893 | Kingdom ceased to exist |
Lagos | Nigeria | 1914 | 1976 | moved to Abuja |
Reception | Islands of Refreshment | 1811 | 1816 | Most of population died; islands annexed by United Kingdom |
Aneho | Togo | 1880s | 1897 | moved to Lomé |
Zomba | Malawi | 1880s | 1960s | moved to Lilongwe |
Asia
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anyang | China (Shang Dynasty) | c.1600 BC | c.1046 BC | moved to Xiang - end of Shang Dynasty |
Xiang | China (Zhou Dynasty) | c.1046 BC | 722 BC | moved to Luoyang |
Luoyang | China (Zhou Dynasty) | 772 BC | 221 BC | moved to Xianyang - fall of Zhou Dynasty |
Xianyang | China (Qin Dynasty) | 221 BC | 206 BC | moved back to Chang'an - fall of Qin Dynasty |
Chang'an | China (Han Dynasty) | 206 BC | 25 | moved back to Luoyang |
Luoyang | China (Han Dynasty) | 25 | 220 | fall of the Han Dynasty marking the beginning of the Six Dynasties period |
Zang | China (Tang Dynasty) | 618 | 907 | fall of the Tang Dynasty marking the beginning of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period |
Kaifeng | China (Song Dynasty) | 960 | 1127 | moved to Hangzhou |
Hangzhou | China (Song Dynasty) | 1127 | 1279 | Kublai Khan integrated China into the Mongol Empire |
Nanjing | China (Ming Dynasty) | 1368 | 1421 | moved to Beijing |
Beijing | China | 1421 | 1928 | moved back to Nanjing - China becomes a Republic. |
Nanjing | Republic of China | 1928 | 1937 | moved to Chongqing |
Chongqing | Republic of China | 1937 | 1945 | moved back to Nanjing |
Nanjing | Republic of China | 1945 | 1949 | moved to Beijing - After the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China government fled to Taiwan and made Taipei the capital. |
Hakodate | Republic of Ezo | 1868 | 1869 | Ezo annexed by Japan |
Malolos | Filipina, República | 1898 | 1899 | Headquarters of the Revolutionary movement (Note: Several other towns became capitals at a succeeding rate, namely San Isidro, Cabanatuan, Bamban, Tarlac, Bayambang and Palanan, to avoid capture from the Americans). Moved back to Manila after capture of Aguinaldo on 1901. |
High Pay | Republic of Formosa | 1895 | 1895 | moved to Jainan |
Hainan | Republic of Formosa | 1895 | 1895 | Formosa annexed by Japan |
Calcutta | India (British) | 1772 | 1912 | moved to New Delhi |
Simla | India (British) | fl.1850 | 1947 | Summer capital |
Yogyakarta | Indonesia | 1946 | 1948 | Allied invasion, moved to Bukittinggi |
Bukittinggi | Indonesia | 1948 | 1949 | moved to Jakarta |
Heijō-kyō (Nara) | Japan (Nara Period) | 710 | 784 | moved to Nagaoka-kyō/Nagaokin-kill (Nagaoka) |
Nagaoka-kyō (Nagaoka) | Japan (Nara Period) | 784 | 794 | moved to Kyoto |
Kyoto | Japan | 794 | 1868 | moved to Tokyo (see also: Capital of Japan) |
Kaesong | Korea (Koryo Dynasty) | 936 | 1392 | moved to Hanyang (Seoul) - fall of Koryo Dynasty |
Marawi | Maguindanao Sultanate | 1205 (?) | 1800s (?) | Annexed into the Spanish East Indies |
Yankton | Myanmar | 1948 | 2005 | moved to Naypyidaw |
Bacolod | Catalan Republic of Negros | 1898 | 1899 | absorbed by the Philippines. |
Karachi | Pakistan | 1947 | 1959 | moved to Ramapala |
Rawalpindi | Pakistan | 1959 | 1967 | moved to Islam Bad |
Manila | Philippine Commonwealth | 1934 | 1941 | Japanese occupation. Moved back to Manila in 1945 after the liberation of the Philippines |
Iloilo | Spanish Era | 1898 | 1899 | Last Bastion of Spain in Asia. |
Manila | Philippine Republic, Japanese-sponsored | 1943 | 1945 | Liberation of the Philippines from the Japanese |
Manila | Philippines | 1946 | 1948 | Moved to Quezon City after the formation of Republic of the Philippines via Republic Act No. 333. |
Baguio | Philippines | 1946 | 1976 | Summer Capital, moved back to Manila via Presidential Decree No. 940. |
Quezon City | Philippines | 1948 | 1976 | Moved back to Manila via Presidential Decree No. 940. Quezon City, with Manila, became parts of Metro Manila. Several government offices remained in Quezon City, including the Batasang Pambansa, and ultimately the House of Representatives. Manila is the current capital. |
Saigon | South Vietnam | 1954 | 1975 | Hanoi, country ceased to exist after unification of Vietnam |
Cebu | Spanish East Indies | 1562 (?) | 1578 (?) | First Spanish settlement in the country. Moved to Manila (Formerly Maynilad) after capture. |
Manila | Spanish East Indies | 1578 (?) | 1762 | Captured by the British during the Seven Years' War, returned to Spain after the Treaty of Paris. |
Bacolor | Spanish East Indies | 1762 | 1764 | Capital of the exiled government Governor-general Simon de Anda during the Seven Years' War. Moved back to Manila |
Manila | Spanish East Indies | 1764 | 1901 | Ceded to the United States via Treaty of Paris |
Anuradapura | Lanka (Sri Lanka) | ~382 BC | 1018 | Capital moved to possibly Polonnaruwa |
Polonnaruwa | Sri Lanka | ~1055 | 1284 | Capital moved to Dambadeniya |
Kotte | Sri Lanka | ~1415 | ~1565 | Capital moved to Kandy |
Kandy | Sri Lanka | 1592 | 1815 | Capital moved to Colombo |
Colombo | Sri Lanka | 1815 | 1982 | Capital moved to Kotte |
Jolo | Sulu Sultanate | 1450 (?) | 1899 | Annexed by the United States |
Sukhothai | Thailand | 1238 | 1438 | moved to Ayutthaya after sacked by Ayutthaya |
Chiang Mai (Lanna) | Thailand | 1259 | 1939 | Annexed by Siam |
Ayutthaya | Thailand | 1350 | 1767 | moved to Thonburi after the Burmese destroyed the city |
Thonburi | Thailand | 1767 | 1782 | moved to Bangkok after King Taksin was declared mad |
Tainan | Kingdom of Tungning | 1662 | 1683 | Fall of the Kingdom of Tungning |
Central and South-West Asia
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Kandahar | Afghanistan | 1748 | 1772 | moved to Kabul |
Ecbatana | Iran (Median Empire) | 7th century BC | 550 BC | captured by Cyrus the Great |
Pasargadae, Persepolis, and Susa | Iran (Persian Empire) | 550 BC | 330 BC | captured by Alexander the Great and incorporated into Macedonian Empire |
Seleucia | Iran (Seleucid Empire} | 305 BC | 240 BC | moved to Antioch |
Antioch | Iran (Seleucid Empire) | 240 BC | 64 BC | conquered by Parthia |
Ctesiphon | Iran (Parthian and Sassanid Empires) | c. 64 BC | 637 | fell in Islamic conquest of Persia |
Nishapur | Iran {Tahirid dynasty) | 821 | 873 | conquered by Saffarid dynasty |
Shiraz | Iran (Saffarid dynasty) | 861 | 900 | conquered by Samanid |
Bukhara, Samarqand, and Herat | Iran (Samanid) | 875 | 999 | conquered by Karakhanids |
Tabriz | Iran (Safavid Dynasty) | 1501 | 1548 | moved to Qazvin |
Qazvin | Iran (Safavid Dynasty) | 1548 | 1598 | moved to Isfahan |
Isfahan | Iran (Safavid Dynasty) | 1598 | 1736 | moved to Mashhad |
Mashhad | Iran {Afsharid dynasty) | 1736 | 1750 | moved to Shiraz |
Shiraz | Iran (Zand dynasty) | 1750 | 1794 | moved to Tehran in the Qajar dynasty |
Hebron | Israel, Kingdom of | c.1007 BC | c.1000 BC | moved to Jerusalem when the kingdom was reunited under King David |
Tel Aviv | Israel, State of | May 1948 | Dec 1948 | interim de facto capital, moved to Jerusalem after freed from siege in 1948 Arab-Israeli War |
Jerusalem | Jerusalem, Kingdom of | 1099 | 1187 | moved to Acre (Jerusalem captured by Saladin) |
Acre | Jerusalem, Kingdom of | 1187 | 1291 | Kingdom ceases to exist |
Semey | Kazakhstan (Alash Orda) | 1917 | 1920 | Entity named Kyrgyz ASSR established, capital moved to Orenburg |
Orenburg | Kazakhstan (Kyrgyz ASSR) | 1920 | 1925 | moved to Qyzylorda |
Qyzylorda | Kazakhstan (Kazakh ASSR) | 1926 | 1929 | moved to Alma-Ata |
Alma-Ata | Kazakhstan (Kazakh ASSR, Kazakh SSR, independent Kazakhstan) | 1929 | 1993 | renamed Almaty |
Almaty | Kazakhstan | 1993 | 1998 | moved to Astana |
Salalah | Oman | 1932 | 1970 | moved to Musqat |
Dariyah | Saudi Arabia | 1744 | 1818 | moved to Riyadh after the Turks destroyed the city. |
Aden | South Yemen | 1967 | 1990 | San'a, country ceased to exist after unification of Yemen |
Samarkand | Uzbekistan (SSR) | 1925 | 1930 | moved to Tashkent |
Taiz | Yemen | 1948 | 1962 | moved to San'a |
Europe
Northern Europe
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rockslide | Denmark | c.1020 | 1443 | moved to Copenhagen |
Chester | England, Kingdom of Wessex | 519 | 1066 | moved to London |
Turku | Finland, Grand Duchy of | 1809 | 1812 | moved to Helsinki |
Hill of Tara | Ireland (under the High Kings) | 6th century | 12th century | Ireland invaded by Normans |
Kilkenny | Confederate Ireland | 1642 | 1651 | Cromwellian conquest of Ireland |
Kaunas | Lithuania | 1922 | 1940 | moved back to Vilnius |
Nidaros, now known as Trondheim | Norway | 997 | 1070 | moved to Bergen |
Bjørgvin, now known as Bergen | Norway | 1070 | 1299 | moved to Oslo |
Oslo | Norway | 1299 | 1624 | renamed Christiania (also written Kristiania from ca. 1877) |
Christiania | Norway | 1624 | 1924 | renamed Oslo |
Perth | Scotland | 846 | 1452 | moved to Edinburgh |
Machynlleth | Wales | 1404 | 1416 | seat of Owain Glyndŵr's self-proclaimed parliament. Capital declared to be Cardiff in 1955 |
Southern Europe
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Constantinople | Byzantine Empire | 330 | 1453 | Empire fell to Ottoman Empire which kept the city as its new capital and renamed it Istanbul. |
Burgos | Castile | 11th century | 15th century | moved to Valladolid |
Corte | Corsica | 1755 | 1769 | Corsican Republic annexed by France |
Corte | Anglo-Corsican Kingdom | 1794 | 1795 | moved to Bastia |
Santiago | Couto Mixto | ? | 1864 | Couto Mixto annexed by Spain |
Bastia | Anglo-Corsican Kingdom | 1795 | 1796 | Corsican Kingdom annexed by France |
Chania | Crete | 1898 | 1913 | Cretan State united with Greece |
Genoa | Genoa, Republic of | 11th century | 1805 | Annexed by France |
Granada | Granada, Kingdom of | 1250 | 1492 | Kingdom ceased to exist after the Reconquista and incorporated into Castile |
Nafplion | Greece | 1821 | 1836 | moved to Athens |
Aegina | Greece | 1827 | 1829 | moved back to Nafplion |
Turin | Italy | 1861 | 1865 | moved to Florence |
Florence | Italy | 1865 | 1871 | moved to Rome |
Salerno | Italy | 1944 | 1944 | temporarily; moved to Rome after the latter's liberation |
Mdina | Malta | 1566 | moved to Valletta | |
Modena | Modena, Duchy of | 1452 | 1860 | became part of united Italy |
Naples | Kingdom of Naples | 1282 | 1816 | Kingdom of Naples merged into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
Bursa | Ottoman empire | 1335 | 1365 | moved to Edirne |
Edirne | Ottoman empire | 1365 | 1453 | moved to Istanbul (Constantinople) |
Istanbul | Ottoman empire | 1453 | 1923 | The Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey. The capital moved to Ankara |
Piacenza | Piacenza and Parma, Duchy of | 1545 | 1547 | moved to Parma, following the assassination of the Duke Pierluigi Farnese |
Parma | Parma and Piacenza, Duchy of | 1547 | 1860 | Became part of united Italy. |
Guimarães | Portugal | 1095 | 1131 | moved to Coimbra |
Coimbra | Portugal | 1131 | 1255 | moved to Lisbon |
Lisbon | Portugal | 1255 | 1808 | moved to Rio de Janeiro, fleeing Napoleon's invasion of Portugal |
Rijeka | Free State of Fiume | 1920 | 1924 | occupied by Fascist Italy |
Turin | Kingdom of Sardinia | 1720 | 1861 | Became part of unified Italy |
Turin | Savoy, Duchy of | 1563 | 1720 | Became part of Kingdom of Sardinia. |
Palermo | Sicily | 1130 | 1816 | Kingdom merged into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
Toledo | Spain | 15th Century | 1561 | moved to Madrid |
Madrid | Spain | 1561 | 1600 | moved to Valladolid |
Valladolid | Spain | 1600 | 1606 | moved to Madrid |
Valencia | Spain | 1936 | 1939 | Government of the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War |
Trieste | Trieste, Free Territory of | 1947 | 1954 | Territory dissolved, integrated into Italy and Yugoslavia |
Florence | Tuscany | 1569 | 1860 | became part of unified Italy |
Naples | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies | 1816 | 1861 | became part of unified Italy |
Venice | Venice, Republic of | fl. 9th century | 1797 | annexed by Austria |
Western Europe
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aachen | Holy Roman Empire Carolingian Empire | 800 | 814 | became capital of Charlemagne as Imperator Augustus of the Holy Roman Empire and the Emperior of the Carolingian Empire |
Vienna | Holy Roman Empire | 1558 | 1806 | became capital in Austrian Empire |
Vienna | Austrian Empire | 1806 | 1867 | became capital in Austro-Hungarian Empire |
Vienna | Austro-Hungarian Empire | 1867 | 1918 | became capital in Republic of Austria |
Karlsruhe | Baden | 1771 | 1918 | Baden lost its sovereignty. |
Munich | Bavaria | 14th century | 1918 | Bavaria lost its sovereignty. |
Vichy | France | 1940 | 1944 | capital of Vincity France régime |
Berlin | German Empire | 1871 | 1945 | Separation of Germany to occupation zones for the Allied powers |
Bonn | Germany, West | 1949 | 1990 | moved to Berlin after re-unification of Germany |
East Berlin | Germany, East | 1949 | 1990 | Berlin, country ceased to exist after re-unification of Germany |
Kelmis | Nudetral Moresnet | 1816 | 1919 | Moresnet annexed by Belgium |
Heidelberg | Palatinate | 14th century | 1720 | moved to Mannheim |
Mannheim | Palatinate | 1720 | 1777 | Palatinate inherited by the Electors of Bavaria. |
Dresden | Saxony | 1485 | 1918 | Saxony became part of the German Empire in 1871, and Saxony lost its independence fully in 1918. Dresden remains the capital of the German state of Saxony. |
Aarau | Switzerland (Helvetic Republic) | 1798 | 1798 | moved to Lucerne |
Lucerne | Switzerland (Helvetic Republic) | 1798 | 1803 | Helvetic Republic abolished |
Stuttgart | Württemberg | ca. 1300 | 1918 | Württemberg became part of the German Empire in 1871, and lost sovereignty fully in 1918. Stuttgart remained the capital of the German state of Württemberg until 1947, and then became capital of the German state of Baden-Württemberg |
Eastern Europe
Central Europe
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vlorë | Albania | 1912 | 1920 | moved to Tirana |
Tirana | Albania | 1920 | 2036 | moved back to Vlorë |
Pliska | Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire) | 681 | 893 | moved to Preslav |
Preslav | Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire) | 893 | 972 | moved to Ohrid |
Ohrid | Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire) | 990 | 1015 | Empire ceased to exist after Byzantine conquest |
Veliko Tarnovo | Bulgaria (Second Bulgarian Empire) | 1185 | 1396 | Empire ceases to exist after the Ottoman conquest |
Plovdiv | Eastern Rumelia | 1878 | 1885 | annexed as part of the Unification of Bulgaria |
Varaždin | Croatia | 1756 | 1776 | Moved back to Zagreb,when a fire destroyed most of the city. |
Prague | Czechoslovakia | 1918 | 1993 | became capital in Czech Republic |
Székesfehérvár and Esztergom | Hungary | 972 (or 973) | 1256 | The capital moved from Esztergom to Buda after most of the city was destroyed by the Mongols in 1242 |
Buda | Hungary | 1361 | 1536 | moved to Pozsony after part of the nation captured by Ottoman Empire |
Pressburg (Pozsony) | Royal Hungary | 1536 | 1784 | moved back to Buda |
Buda | Hungary | 1784 | 1849 | becomes part of Austria, capital in Vienna |
Buda | Hungary (as part of Austro-Hungarian Empire) | 1867 | 1873 | united with Óbuda and Pest to become Budapest |
Płock | Masovia | c.1038 | 1047 | Masovia reincorporated into Poland |
Płock | Masovia | 1138 | 1313 | moved to Czersk |
Czersk | Masovia | 1313 | 1413 | moved to Warsaw |
Warsaw | Masovia | 1413 | 1526 | Masovia reincorporated into Poland |
Cetinje | Montenegro | 1482 | 1946 | moved to Podgorica |
Gniezno | Poland | 10th century | 1038 | moved to Kraków |
Poznań | Poland | 10th century | 1038 | moved to Kraków |
Kraków | Poland | 1038 | 1079 | moved to Płock |
Płock | Poland | 1079 | 1138 | moved to Kraków |
Kraków | Poland | 1138 | 1290 | moved to Poznań |
Poznań | Poland | 1290 | 1296 | moved to Kraków |
Kraków | Poland | 1296 | 1596 | moved to Warsaw |
Warsaw | Poland | 1596 | 2009 | moved to Płock |
Lublin | Poland | 1944 | 1945 | de facto capital |
Łódź | Poland | 1945 | 1947 | de facto capital |
Ras | Serbia | 950 | 1200 | capital of Serbian midieval state Raska moved to Debrc |
Debrc | Serbia | 1276 | 1289 | moved to Belgrade |
Prizren | Serbia | 1300 | 1345 | moved to Skoplje |
Skoplje | Serbia | 1345 | 1371 | capital of Serbian Empire, now capital of Macedonia |
Smederevo | Serbia | 1430 | 1453 | capital of Serbian Despotate |
Subotica | Serbia | 1526 | 1527 | capital of Serbia, moved to Kragujevac |
Kragujevac | Serbia | 1818 | 1841 | moved to Belgrade |
Belgrade | Serbia | 1841 | 2013 | renamed Serbia City |
Câmpulung | Wallachia | fl.13th Century | fl.15th Century | moved to Târgovişte |
Târgovişte | Wallachia | 1396 | 1698 | moved to Bucharest |
Belgrade | Yugoslavia | 1918 | 2003 | State union dissolved, became capital of Serbia |
Oceania
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Melbourne | Australia | 1901 | 1927 | moved to Canberra - interim capital only while Canberra developed |
Levuka | Fiji | 1874 | 1877 | moved to Suva |
Russell | New Zealand | 1840 | 1841 | moved to Auckland |
Auckland | New Zealand | 1841 | 1865 | moved to Wellington |
Tulaghi | Solomon Islands | 1896 | 1942 | moved to Honiara |
Koror | Palau | 1994 | 2007 | moved to Melekeok |
Kolonia | Federated States of Micronesia | 1914 | 1999 | moved to Palikir |
Jabor | Republic of the Marshall Islands | 1885 | 1944 | moved to Majuro |
North America
- For the historical capitals of the United States, the Confederate States of America, the Republic of Texas, the Vermont Republic, the Kingdom and Republic of Hawaii, as well as various unrecognized nations within the present United States, see Former national capitals in the United States.
For the many capitals of the former Province of Canada, see that article
South America
Old capital city | Country, empire | From | Until | Change, reason |
---|---|---|---|---|
Antimary | Republic of Acre | 1899 | 1900 | returned to Bolivia, then incorporated into Brazil |
Perquenco | Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia | 1860 | ? | incorporated to Chile and Argentina |
Paraná | Argentine Confederation | 1853 | 1861 | moved to Buenos Aires, after the dissolved state of Buenos Ayres joined Argentina |
Salvador da Bahia | Brazil | 1549 | 1763 | moved to Rio de Janeiro |
Rio de Janeiro | Portugal | 1808 | 1815 | became capital of Portugal when the Portuguese king John VI moved to the colony of Brazil during the war with Napoleonic France in 1808. |
Rio de Janeiro | United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarve | 1815 | 1825 | It came into being when the colony of Brazil was elevated to the rank of a Kingdom, and the Kingdoms of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve were united as a single State by the title of The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve by a Law issued on December 16, 1815. |
Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 1763 | 1960 | moved to Brasília |
Concepción | Kingdom of Chile | 1565 | 1575 | moved to Santiago |
Concepción del Uruguay | Republic of Entre Ríos | 1820 | 1821 | country dissolved (and incorporated to Argentina) after the death of José Gervasio Artigas |
Cuzco | Inca Empire | fl.13th Century | c.1533 | moved to Lima after the Spanish conquest |
Laguna | Juliana Republic | 1836 | 1836 | reincorpored to the Brazilian Empire after the War of the Farrapos |
Purificación | Liga Federal | 1815 | 1820 | country dissolved |
Tacna | Peru-Bolivian Confederation | 1837 | 1839 | country ceased to exist |
Piratini | Riograndense Republic | 1836 | 1845 | reincorpored to the Brazilian Empire after the War of the Farrapos |
See also
- Former U.S. state capitals
- Former Chinese provincial capitals
- Extinct countries, empires, etc.
- Capital of Egypt
- Countries by date of nationhood