Deonyms according to subject
A deonym is a word derived from a proper name (e.g. the name of a person or a place). This proper name (namesake) is then called eponym .
- Here you can find international terms, notated in German; for specific expressions in German, see German eponyms by alphabet .
This list includes both real deonyms in the sense of linguistics as well as various more well-known pseudo-deonyms (pure appreciations, designation according to inventor / discoverer and the like).
Technology: devices, processes, inventions
- bostitchen
- Bowie knife
- Braun tube
- Browning
- Bunsen burner
- Caterpillar
- Colt
- Diesel engine
- Daguerreotype
- Erlenmeyer flask
- Flexi line
- Fishing dowel
- Flex
- Pious
- electroplate
- googling
- guillotine
- guillotine
- heroin
- Hilti
- INBUS
- jeep
- Kärcher
- Kalashnikov
- Kelomat
- Advertising pillar
- Sirloin
- Molotow cocktail
- Morse code
- if
- Opinel
- Gasoline engine
- pasteurize
- Petri dish
- roentgen
- saxophone
- Styrofoam
- Simmerring
- Stalin organ
- Stanley knife
- Teflon
- Tipp Ex
- TIXO
- UHU
- Uzi
- Mason jar
- Zeppelin
physics
- Alfvén speed
- Alfvén wave
- Boltzmann constant
- Bose-Einstein condensate
- Coriolis force
- Curie constant
- Debye length
- Debye temperature
- Doppler effect
- Doppler temperature
- Faraday cage
- Geiger counter
- Gibbs-Thomson effect
- Hawking radiation
- Jeans criterion
- Johnson noise
- Leidenfrost effect
- Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
- Mössbauer effect
- Nernst equation
- Planck's law of radiation
mathematics
Since over 20 eponyms were formed according to Leonhard Euler and Carl Friedrich Gauß alone , these examples would go beyond the scope.
Chemical elements
Physical units
geography
Biology, medicine
zoology
Archeology, paleontology, art history
Common practice is the eponymization of sites in archeology and palaeontology : Whole cultures, cultural strata or periods are named after a characteristic site; usually the first, sometimes the one from whom one recognized the connection or that one considers to be the main settlement of the culture, or that is otherwise outstanding, for example as a prominent guide fund.
Examples are:
- Cultures : Rössen culture , Vinča culture , Baden culture , Mondsee culture , Xihoudu culture
- Eras : Hallstatt Period
- or - in overlap with the usages of biology: Neanderthals ( Homo neanderthalensis ), Heidelberg people , Paranthropus aethiopicus
In addition, individual finds are generally named eponymously, such as Venus of Willendorf , Treasure of Boscoreale , Sky Disc of Nebra . Here, however, there are also purely presumptive attributions to persons, such as Priam's treasure , or only descriptions based on the place of storage, such as the church treasures , which are called Essen Cathedral Treasure .
But individual people themselves are also named eponymously: Ötzi (man from Tisenjoch), Mungo Lady , child of Taung , Spirit Cave man . A related aspect are the emergency names where an unknown author is named after his place of work or a major work, such as Meister von Großgmain , or Meister des Marienleben
List of museums by founder . A number of museums have such a name in memory of an ideal or material legacy that was particularly constitutive for the museum's foundation. Sometimes such a name was added afterwards.
- Louis Agassiz Museum of Comparative Zoology , Cambridge, USA, Louis Agassiz (1807–1873), museum employee
- Ashmolean Museum , Oxford, Elias Ashmole (1617–1692), collector
- Museum Barbier-Mueller , Geneva, Josef Mueller; Jean Paul Barbier Mueller, collector
- Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen , Rotterdam, Frans Jacob Otto Boijmans (1767–1847), collector
- Museum Biedermann, from 2015 Museum Art.Plus , Donaueschingen, Margit Biedermann Foundation, foundation
- Bernice P. Bishop Museum , Hawaii, Charles Reed Bishop (1822–1915), patron
- Museum Brandhorst , Munich, Udo and Anette Brandhorst, collectors
- Bröhan Museum , Berlin, Karl H. Bröhan (1921–2000), collector
- Burke Museum , Seattle, Thomas Burke (1849–1925), patron
- Essl Collection , Klosterneuburg, Karlheinz Essl senior (* 1939), collector
- Focke Museum , Bremen, Johann Focke (1848–1922), collector
- J. Paul Getty Museum , Los Angeles, Jean Paul Getty (1892–1976), patron
- Grassimuseum , Leipzig, Franz Dominic Grassi (1801–1880), founder
- Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation , USA, Solomon R. Guggenheim, (1861-1949) patron
- Wilhelm Hack Museum , Ludwigshafen, Wilhelm Hack (1900–1985), collector
- Museum August Kestner , Hanover, August Kestner (1777–1853), collector
- Leopold Museum Vienna, Rudolf Leopold (1925–2010), collector
- Linden Museum , Stuttgart, Karl von Linden (1838–1910), museum employee
- Lindenau Museum , Altenburg (Thuringia), Bernhard August von Lindenau (1779–1854), collector
- Museum Ludwig , Cologne, Peter and Irene Ludwig, collectors
- Museum Koenig , Bonn, Alexander Koenig (1858–1940), museum employee
- Osthaus Museum Hagen , Karl Ernst Osthaus (1874–1921), patron
- Museo Poldi Pezzoli , Milan, Giacomo Poldi Pezzoli (1822–1879), collector
- Pritzker Military Museum & Library , Chicago, Illinois, Jennifer N. Pritzker (* 1950), patron
- Rautenstrauch-Joest-Museum , Cologne, Wilhelm Joest (1852–1897), collector, Adele Rautenstrauch (1850–1903), patron
- Museum Oskar Reinhart , Winterthur, Oskar Reinhart (1885–1965), patron
- Reiss-Engelhorn-Museums , Mannheim, Carl Reiss (1843–1914); Curt Glover Engelhorn (* 1926), patron
- Roemer and Pelizaeus Museum Hildesheim , Hermann Roemer and Wilhelm Pelizaeus, collectors
- Graphics Museum Foundation Schreiner , Bad Steben, Wolfgang Schreiner, collector
- Kleist Archive Sembdner , Heilbronn, Helmut Sembdner (1914–1997), collector
- Senckenberg Naturmuseum , Frankfurt am Main, Johann Christian Senckenberg (1707–1772), founder
- Smithsonian Institution , USA, James Smithson, (1765–1829), Donor
- Sprengel Museum Hannover , Bernhard Sprengel (1899–1985), patron
- Städel Museum , Frankfurt am Main, Johann Friedrich Städel (1728–1816), patron
- Tubman Center of African Culture , Liberia, William S. Tubman (1895–1971), politician
- Victoria and Albert Museum , London, Prince Albert and Queen Victorias, donors
- Von der Heydt-Museum , Wuppertal, von der Heydt (family), patrons
- Martin von Wagner Museum , Würzburg, Johann Martin von Wagners (1777–1858), collector
- Wallraf-Richartz-Museum & Fondation Corboud , Cologne, Ferdinand Franz Wallraf, (1748–1824), collector
- Whitney Museum of American Art , New York, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney (1875–1942), patron
Sports
Culinary
- Soletti (synonym for pretzel sticks)
politics
Buildings
music
There are songs whose titles are personal names: Anneliese Schmidt (from Die Ärzte ), Inge Pawelczik (from Gruppe Pankow ), Torsten Schmidt ( Annett Louisan ), Jessica Simpson ( Adam Green )
Others
- Agatha Christie Indult
- academy
- Beckmesserei
- Benedictine
- boycott
- Braille
- Browning system
- Cardigan
- diesel
- Dominican
- edding
- Franciscan
- fringing
- Gregorian chant based on Pope Gregory the Great
- Etiquette
- Kornspitz
- Krugerrand
- Labello
- Lyceum
- lynch
- Attic
- masochism
- patron
- sadism
- Salesians
- sandwich
- finkle
- Allotment garden
- Thomism
- silhouette
- Stepography
- Sütterlin script
- tempo
- verballhorn
literature
- Andreas Winkelmann: From Achilles to Zuckerkandl. Proper names in medical terminology . 2nd Edition. 2009, ISBN 978-3-456-84470-1
- Dirk Arenz: Eponyms and Syndromes in Psychiatry . ISBN 3-934371-27-2
- Pedro Cintas: The Road to Chemical Names and Eponyms: Discovery, Priority, and Appreciation . In: Angewandte Chemie , 116 (44), 2004, pp. 6012-6018, ISSN 0044-8249