State Assembly (Lauenburg)

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The state assembly was the parliament of the Duchy of Lauenburg between spring 1848 and 1853, with its seat in Ratzeburg .

prehistory

Land estates have existed in the Duchy of Lauenburg since ancient times . The most important point in time for its formalization was an agreement between Duke Franz II and the nobles and cities of the duchy in 1585. This Eternal Union of Knights and Landscapes of December 16, 1585 formed the formal framework for the participation of the estates in the knightly and Landscape . The national recession of September 15, 1702 confirmed the rights of knighthood and landscape.

Even in the age of absolutism , the knighthood and landscape were preserved, even if their importance declined. One reason was the absence of the dukes, which made direct rule impossible. Even after the duchy fell to Denmark in 1815 , the Danish king reaffirmed the traditional rights of knighthood and landscape.

March Revolution

The March Revolution of 1848 also affected the Duchy of Lauenburg. The knight and landscape was initially supplemented by a few bourgeois and rural representatives in order to meet the demand for "a contemporary state representation". By a provisional order of the government of April 10, 1848, the knights and landscape were strengthened by six urban and twelve rural deputies who had emerged from the elections of citizens and rural landowners in order to have a representative body for a transitional period. The new body was now called the State Assembly.

With the state constitution of May 14, 1848 and the electoral law of March 8, 1849 based on it, the legal basis for the election of a real representative body, the state assembly, was created. The king's approval of this was also in connection with the Schleswig-Holstein uprising that was taking place at the same time and the fact that a March government had also formed in Copenhagen after the March revolution there .

Suffrage and working method of the parliament

Section IV. ( From the National Assembly ) and Art. 70 ff. Of the Constitution stipulated that the National Assembly should consist of 21 members. Of these, 12 were determined by general elections and 9 by elections by landowners. Of the latter, 6 were chosen by the rural and 3 by the urban landowners. There was no direct census , but an exclusion of the dispossessed (“without their own stove”) from the election. The election took place publicly as an oral election.

The electoral term was three years. The state assembly met annually in one session from November 1st. The duke had the right to adjourn, close or dissolve the national assembly. However, against the will of the assembly, an ordinary state assembly could only be dissolved after 14 days. A three-person standing committee ensured that work was ongoing during the contract.

The results of the meetings were published in the report on the negotiations of the Lauenburg State Assembly in Ratzeburg .

The state assembly met in November 1849 in its first session and from November 1, 1850 until it was adjourned on November 14, 1850 in its second.

In the reaction era

By an ordinance of January 16, 1850, the governorship was relieved of its functions and the activities of the state assembly and the permanent committee ended. By order of March 6, 1850, the constitution and the electoral law were repealed.

On June 14, 1850, the royal government appointed a commission of six "honorable" Lauenburg men (Count Ludwig Ferdinand von Kielmannsegg auf Gülzow , bailiff Joachim Bernhard Susemihl , landowner Ottokar von Witzendorff auf Groß Zecher , judiciary Walter, Senator Dahm and landowner Ernst Philipp Berckemeyer ), which should submit a draft for a new constitution (and composition of parliament).

By order of February 7, 1852, the Knights and Landscapes, which existed before 1848, were convened to discuss the drafts. The sovereign patent of December 20, 1853 concerning the internal constitution of the Duchy of Lauenburg established the victory of the reaction .

The new knight and landscape should consist of 5 representatives of the knighthood. The owners of all goods eligible for the state parliament were entitled to vote. 5 deputies were elected by the three cities, 5 deputies were small landowners to be elected from all estates. These were elected in four electoral districts: electoral districts Ratzeburg, Schwarzenbek, Steinhorst and Lauenburg (2 MPs).

The standing committee was now called the Landratskollegium and consisted of the hereditary land marshal and two district administrators elected for life by the owners of the goods eligible for Landtag from the ranks of the members of the Ritterbank.

MPs

title Surname Constituency Voter group annotation
Landowner, Groß Thurow Ernst Philipp Berckemeyer 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Landowner, Gut Basthorst Joseph C. Baron of Brusselle 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Landowner, Niendorf Wilhelm H. Metzener 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Senator, city secretary, lawyer in Lauenburg Hermann C. Meyer 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 standing committee
District administrator, landowner, Bliestorf August Louis Detlev von Schrader 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
District administrator, landowner, Rondeshagen Ernst Berthold von Schrader 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Senator, pharmacist, Mölln Friedrich Heinrich Wagner 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Landowner, Groß Schenkenberg Johann Jacob Wentorp 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Senator, master carpenter, Ratzeburg Hermann J. Wischer 0 Knights and Countryside before March 1848 0
Rope master Friedrich Assmann Mölln Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer bailiff, customs administrator and post office keeper, Büchen Heinrich Friedrich Georg Berling 6. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Eight man Carl Dölle Ratzeburg Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer bailiff, Hufner, Kühsen Johann Jochen Ehlers 1. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Hufner, Sterley Ludolph Frost 2. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Landscape secretary, lawyer, Ratzeburg Christian Ludwig Ludolph Carl Hornbostel II Ratzeburg Census elections April / May 1848 0
Office clerk, lawyer, Lauenburg Friedrich Leopold Hornbostel I Lauenburg Census elections April / May 1848 0
Hufner, Besenhorst Johann PF Knoop 3rd rural district Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer's governor, Hufner, Kulpin Johann Heinrich C. Meyer 2. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Achtmann, innkeeper, Mölln J. Friedrich Michelsen Mölln Census elections April / May 1848 0
Kaufmann, Lauenburg August Schlueter Lauenburg Census elections April / May 1848 0
Hufner, Breitenfelde Hans Hinrich Schmaljohann 1. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Customs controller, Büchen Adolph Schmidt 4. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Cashier at the Büchen train station E. Bacon cock 6. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 standing committee
Farmer's governor, Hufner, Duvensee Johann Stamer 5. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer's governor, Hufner, Schönberg Johann Stamer 5. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer's son, Hohenhorn Johann Heinrich Stamer 3rd rural district Census elections April / May 1848 0
Farmer's governor, Hufner, Hamfelde Christian Otto Werner 4. Rural District Census elections April / May 1848 0
Rector Julius Baerens 8. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 Secretary
Farm owner, Fürstenhof, Groß Grönau Rudolph von Gundlach 4. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 0
Official auditor, Schwarzenbek August CD Hudemann 10. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 Secretary
Customs inspector, Lauenburg Christian Friedrich Adolph Maximilian Kielmann 9. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 Vice President
Pastor adjunctus, Sandesneben August Kohrs 5. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 0
Customs collector, Klein Thurow Georg Albert August Lescow 1st electoral district General Elections March / April 1848 0
Bailiff von Steinhorst Albrecht Ludwig Joachim Friedrich von Levetzow 6. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 President, Standing Committee
Teacher, Groß Klinkrade Jochen Meyer 5th electoral district (substitute) General Elections March / April 1848 0
Dr. phil, Rector, Ratzeburg Friedrich Rieck 2nd electoral district General Elections March / April 1848 0
Grain dealer, Mölln Ludwig Rohde 3rd electoral district General Elections March / April 1848 0
Farmer's governor, Hufner, Kuddewörde August Friedrich Thölcke 7. Electoral District General Elections March / April 1848 0

Constituencies

In the (census) elections in April / May 1848 for the "reinforced state representation", three urban and six rural electoral districts were established:

For the general elections in March / April 1849, the Duchy of Lauenburg was divided into 10 electoral districts, each of which was divided into electoral divisions, each with around 200 residents.

literature

  • Erich Hoffmann: State Principality and corporate responsibility in Lauenburg and Schleswig-Holstein ; in: The President of the Schleswig-Holstein Landtag (ed.): Estates co-responsibility and the state principality in Lauenburg and Schleswig-Holstein, December 1985, pp. 7–32
  • Staatsgrundgesetz, printed in Werner Heun (ed.): Hessen-Kassel - Mecklenburg-Strelitz / Hessen-Kassel - Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Volume 3, Part 4 by Dippel, Horst: Constitutions of the World from the late 18th Century to the Middle of the 19th Century. Europe. German Constitutional Documents 1806–1849 , 2007, ISBN 9783598440588 , p. 111 ff., Partly online
  • Prof. Dr. Bertheau: The Duchy of Lauenburg and the German Question in the years 1848-1850; in: Annual volume 1906, archive of the Association for the History of the Duchy of Lauenburg , online
  • Basic State Laws 1848/49 in Schleswig-Holstein and Lauenburg: Catalog for the exhibition in the House of Mecklenburg, Ratzeburg, May 11 to November 7, 1999, Schleswig-Holstein State Archives, 1999, ISBN 3-931292-61-4 , list of representatives on p 102-104

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ elected to the permanent committee by the regional assembly on October 13, 1849; from: Bertheau: Das Herzogtum Lauenburg, pp. 25–26
  2. ↑ elected to the standing committee by the regional assembly on October 13, 1849; from: Bertheau: Das Herzogtum Lauenburg, pp. 25–26
  3. ↑ elected to the standing committee by the regional assembly on October 13, 1849; from: Bertheau: Das Herzogtum Lauenburg, pp. 25–26