Ryanair

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Ryanair
Ryanair Boeing 737-800
IATA code : FR
ICAO code : RYR
Call sign : RYANAIR
Founding: 1985
Seat: Dublin , IrelandIrelandIreland 
Operational bases:

see bases

Home airport : Dublin Airport
Company form: Designated Activity Company
ISIN : IE00BYTBXV33
Management: Eddie Wilson
Number of employees: 16,840 (2019)
Sales: € 7.6 billion (2019)
Balance sheet total: € 13.25 billion (2019)
Profit: € 0.88 billion (2019)
Passenger volume: 129 million (2017)
Fleet size: 273 (+ 135 orders)
Aims: National and international
Website: www.ryanair.com

Ryanair is an Irish low-cost airline based in Dublin and its home base at Dublin Airport . With 129 million travelers in 2017, it is the second largest airline in Europe after the Lufthansa Group . The company is a member of the ISEQ Overall Index on the Dublin Stock Exchange .

history

Ryanair logo until 2013
Ryanair counter in Glasgow
Ryanair's BAC 1-11 in 1989

Ryanair was founded in 1984 by Irish entrepreneur Tony Ryan, among others, as a regional airline and started with daily flights between the Irish city of Waterford and London Gatwick . Were used Turboprop machines of the type Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante . Larger ATR 42 aircraft followed later . In the following years the airline tried without much success to break into the lucrative market of Aer Lingus and British Airways on the “racetrack” Dublin – London. The company remained heavily in deficit.

Michael O'Leary has been leading the company since 1993 , having held managerial and advisory positions at Ryanair since 1988. He did not take over the strategy of the Ryan family and relied fully on the low-cost flight concept "Lowest prices / no extras" of the US airline Southwest Airlines from the start by stopping unprofitable routes and limiting himself to one type of aircraft. From March 1994 the fleet was completely converted from BAC 1-11 to Boeing 737 .

Ryanair began expanding to mainland Europe in 1997 as part of the deregulation of EU air transport. Since 1999 the former Hahn military airfield, which was renamed “ Frankfurt-Hahn ” especially for the occasion , has been the first German base in the Ryanair flight plan. In 2003, Ryanair took over the loss-making, low-cost offshoot Buzz from KLM Cityhopper . The second German base for Ryanair was Bremen Airport at the end of March 2007 . The Niederrhein Airport since June 2007, the third German base. The airline's planes are now landing at many other airports in Germany.

For competition reasons, the European Commission prohibited Ryanair from taking over the Irish Aer Lingus at the end of June 2007 . The two companies together would otherwise control 80% of intra-European flights from Dublin, which would harm consumers.

The company repeatedly draws attention to itself with aggressive advertising and polemics against its competitors (“Auf Wiedersehen Späthansa” or “Bye Bye Latehansa” as an allusion to Lufthansa ). The high point of this advertising strategy came in May 2003 when Ryanair employees drove to London-Luton Airport in a World War II tank to stage the “price war” against easyJet . The figurehead of Ryanair's media presence is Managing Director Michael O'Leary.

According to information from the airline association IATA , Ryanair carried around 81.4 million passengers in 2009, more passengers in international, i.e. cross-border, air traffic than any other airline. Ryanair therefore describes itself as the largest international airline.

Ryanair is a public company whose shares on the stock exchanges in Dublin , London and New York are traded.

In August 2013, Ryanair was obliged by the British competition authority to reduce its stake in Aer Lingus from almost 30 to 5 percent. After several unsuccessful attempts, this makes another attempt at takeover unlikely.

On March 31, 2017, the company announced that it intends to operate five Boeing 737-800 charter flights for Polish tour operators from Warsaw-Modlin Airport from summer 2018 ; a new company called Ryanair Sun is to be created for this purpose . This company was renamed to Buzz in autumn 2019. Ryanair had previously bought a company of the same name.

In March 2018, Ryanair announced that it would take over up to 75% of the shares in the new airline LaudaMotion . According to Ryanair boss Michael O'Leary, the main aim is to gain insights into the operation of an Airbus fleet. Ryanair has now acquired 100% of Laudamotion .

On March 24th, Ryanair ceased operations for at least two months due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic .

In June 2020, the number of passengers fell by 97% compared to the previous year.

strategy

The former headquarters of Ryanair in Dublin
Ryanair passengers in millions (1985-2009)

Ryanair pursues a so-called no-frills concept . This means that costs are saved more consistently than with other airlines. At Ryanair, this is done using the following measures in particular:

Employee structures

Until 2009, Ryanair pilots were employees; since then they have had to set up their own business in Ireland, which saves Ryanair social security contributions.

Planes

Ryanair operates a uniform, young fleet of Boeing 737-800 aircraft . This saves storage, maintenance personnel and pilot training. It also makes flight planning less complex, as the aircraft can be exchanged as required and the same number of seats and the same capacity are always available. Equipping it with winglets reduces fuel consumption. Ryanair does not use the usual adjustment options for the backrests and seat pockets in order to save weight. In addition, the seats are covered with smudge-proof synthetic leather for quick cleaning. A large part of the fleet is equipped with advertising space inside. The seating is relatively narrow with 189 seats and there is no in-flight entertainment on board. New machines are continually being bought and old ones are being sold in order to save maintenance costs. In addition, the seat occupancy rate, at 96% in some cases (July 2017), is very high compared to competitors.

Choice of airports

Four Ryanair Boeing 737-800s at Bremen Airport

Ryanair selects its destination airports primarily based on cost. The society tries to obtain large discounts and receives them in the form of subsidies , mostly in areas with economically weak infrastructure. The legality of these subsidies is often controversial. These regions are hoping for an economic and tourist boom through the settlement of Ryanair and thus the creation of jobs. However, operations at some airports are stopped again and again - sometimes at very short notice - when the fees there are increased or the contract for the reduced charges has expired.

A second and important criterion is to guarantee short machine downtimes of around 25 minutes. Attention is paid not only to the existing capacity of handling resources, but also to short taxi times. Ryanair's focus is therefore on airports with a rather low occupancy rate and thus many reserves, which are mostly away from the major metropolitan areas. The turnaround can thus be significantly shorter.

As Ryanair sometimes does not fly to the central airports of large cities, the smaller and more distant airports are often combined with the name of the nearest metropolis, such as Stockholm-Västerås , Hamburg-Lübeck , Düsseldorf-Weeze , Frankfurt-Hahn or Barcelona-Girona . This procedure is also used by other low-cost airlines, but it is very controversial and has been sharply criticized by many other airlines because the airports are sometimes more than 100 kilometers and a correspondingly long journey time from the city center and the naming would deceive the consumer.

Airports and route network

Whenever possible, Ryanair uses a passenger staircase integrated into the aircraft (in the front) so as not to be completely dependent on mobile stairs (in the back) that are chargeable to the respective airport operator

The base airports are distributed across Europe in such a way that there is no need for "emergency flights" in the morning and evening. Most of the aircraft start and end at a base (a few exceptions as W-pattern = A → B → C → B → A). With a few exceptions, the airports must enable a 25-minute turnaround (time between landing and take-off) so that the aircraft are as little as possible on the ground. Only point-to-point flights are carried out, so there is no baggage management or risk of missed connecting flights. Mostly, destinations are served with low airport fees or - if possible - regional subsidies, "more expensive airports" only when high occupancy is expected (e.g. Berlin, London, Dublin, Barcelona, ​​Madrid, Frankfurt am Main). Where possible, Ryanair uses the passenger stairs integrated into the aircraft.

Return on sales of selected airlines in the 2013 financial year.

Baggage and surcharges

Ryanair does not charge a surcharge for online check-in, but does for check-in at the counter. There are also fees for optional services, including drinks and meals as well as the transport of checked baggage. Since January 2012, for the first time, seats in the front row or at the emergency exit can be reserved for a fee.

Despite these costs, according to Stiftung Warentest, Ryanair was cheaper than other airlines in 2009. The average ticket price at the end of 2016 was around 33 euros .

In October 2013, Ryanair announced a significant reduction in some charges, for example for printing out a forgotten boarding pass from 70 to 15 euros. A second small piece of hand luggage is also allowed, and typing errors when booking can in future be changed via the hotline or Ryanair LiveChat at no extra charge.

On August 24, 2018, Ryanair announced that it would change the hand luggage rule for guests without priority boarding (6 euros) on flights from November 1, 2018 : instead of one large (55 × 20 × 40 cm, max. 10 kg) and one small piece of hand luggage (35 × 20 × 20 cm) only one piece of hand luggage is carried free of charge as free baggage , the size of which has been increased to 40 × 20 × 25 cm (42 × 20 × 30 cm are currently accepted as a gesture of goodwill). Smaller items of luggage must primarily be stowed under the seat in front. In order to still be able to take a larger piece of luggage (55 × 20 × 40 cm, max. 10 kg) into the cabin as hand luggage, the aforementioned priority boarding (one large and one small piece of luggage) must now be booked or the luggage (55 × 20 × 40 cm, max. 10 kg) is declared as luggage for 8 (when booking) or 10 euros (later) and is checked in like luggage. Due to the factually limited luggage storage capacity in the cabins (only around 100 large pieces of hand luggage), only around 95 passengers can book the new priority boarding. Ryanair justifies the changes in particular with the fact that because the luggage racks in the cabins were actually limited to 100 pieces of luggage, excess luggage was only checked in as luggage at the gate, which led to delays.

Destinations

Overview

Ryanair serves almost all European countries as well as countries in the Middle East , the Caucasus and Morocco . As of December 2016, the number of targets was 200.

German-speaking area

In Germany , Ryanair flies Berlin-Schönefeld , Berlin-Tegel Bremen , Dortmund , Düsseldorf , Dresden , Frankfurt-Hahn , Frankfurt , Hamburg , Karlsruhe / Baden-Baden , Cologne / Bonn , Memmingen , Munich , Nuremberg , Rostock-Laage , Stuttgart and Niederrhein and connects them with numerous destinations in Europe, the Middle East, namely Israel and Jordan, as well as Morocco.

In Austria are Linz and Salzburg served.

For Switzerland , Alsace and southern Baden , the Basel-Mulhouse airport located in France is served.

Code sharing

Air Europa has been a codeshare partner of Ryanair since May 2017 . Partnerships with Air Malta , Norwegian Air International / Norwegian Air Shuttle and Aer Lingus are also planned .

Bases

Two Ryanair Boeing 737-800s at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport
Old cabin of a Ryanair Boeing 737-800

As of May 2017, 86 of the airports used by Ryanair are designed as bases or "support points", at each of which at least one aircraft with crews is permanently stationed. The largest base is London-Stansted , from where 40 machines currently stationed there serve over 100 destinations.

The bases in detail (alphabetically by country name):

BI
BelgiumBelgium Belgium BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria GermanyGermany Germany FranceFrance France GreeceGreece Greece IrelandIreland Ireland ItalyItaly Italy
K-N
CroatiaCroatia Croatia LithuaniaLithuania Lithuania MaltaMalta Malta MoroccoMorocco Morocco NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands
P-S
PolandPoland Poland PortugalPortugal Portugal RomaniaRomania Romania SwedenSweden Sweden SlovakiaSlovakia Slovakia
S-Z
SpainSpain Spain Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic HungaryHungary Hungary United KingdomUnited Kingdom United Kingdom Cyprus RepublicRepublic of Cyprus Cyprus

fleet

Ryanair's Boeing 737-800 in the old color scheme

Current fleet

As of April 2020, the Ryanair fleet consists of 273 aircraft with an average age of 11.4 years:

Aircraft type number ordered Remarks Seats
Boeing 737-700 001 equipped with winglets ; Training and standby aircraft;
bought used 2015, year of construction 1999 		60 in 2/2 business seating
Boeing 737-800 272 equipped with winglets 189
Boeing 737 MAX 200 135 + 100 options, called 737-8200 by Ryanair 197
total 273 135

Special features regarding the fleet

Ryanair operates exclusively Boeing 737 aircraft and also has the world's second largest fleet of this type. This limitation to one aircraft type results from the Ryanair principle of simple fleet management , a strategy with the aim of reducing costs for purchasing, maintenance and staff training by standardizing the fleet.

On December 17, 2018, the last Boeing 737-800 ordered by Ryanair was delivered, now only the 135 Boeing 737 MAX 200s that have been ordered are pending delivery.

Since Ryanair has committed itself to a Boeing 737 fleet, the airline is the largest in the EU that has never operated an Airbus brand . However, with the acquisition of shares in LaudaMotion , Ryanair is the indirect operator of several Airbus planes .

Former aircraft types

Ryanair's ATR 42-300 in 1989

In the past, Ryanair used the following types of aircraft, among others:

Aircraft type Years of use
Avro 748 1986-1989
BAC 1-11 1987-1994
ATR 42-300 1989-1992
Embraer EMB 110 1985-1989
Boeing 737-200 1994-2005
Boeing 737-300 2003-2004
Boeing 737-400 2004-2005

Special paints

Ryanair operates some of its planes with special paintwork, which mostly either carry advertising (usually for certain cities or regions that are served) or provocatively thematise competitors of the company. Such as the "bye bye EasyJet " paint scheme .

Aircraft type Aircraft registration Painting image
Boeing 737-800 EI-DCL "Next Generation 737" EI-DCL 3 B737-8ASW Ryanair (Boeing cs) MAN 10MAR14 (13065522894) .jpg
EI-DHX " Costa Daurada " Ryanair 738 EI-DHX.JPG
EI-DLG "Żegnamy PLL LOT !" (Translated as "Goodbye PLL LOT! ") Boeing 737-8AS, Ryanair JP7743037.jpg
EI-DLN "Bye Bye Baby " Boeing 737-8AS, Ryanair JP6277405.jpg
EI-DLO "Bye Bye easyJet " Bristol airport ryanair EI-DLO.JPG
EI-DPY " Catalunya " / " G! Costa Brava Pirineu de Girona " EI-DPY.jpg
EI-EFH " Comunitat Valenciana " Ryanair Boeing 737-800 "Communitat Valenciana" .JPG

Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries of the Ryanair Holdings Group except Ryanair.

flag Airline founding Fleet size Remarks
AustriaAustria Austria Laudamotion 2004 26th 100% shareholder
PolandPoland Poland Ryanair Sun 2018 44 100% shareholder
United KingdomUnited Kingdom United Kingdom Ryanair UK 1985 /
receive 2019 AOC		 01 100% shareholder
MaltaMalta Malta Malta Air 2019 120 Joint venture with the Maltese government
Fleet size subsidiaries 191

criticism

Customer service

In a comparison test carried out by Stiftung Warentest in 2009, Ryanair performed worst in terms of information and booking among ten low-cost airlines tested. There were only the following contact options: A telephone hotline for new and rebooking as well as cancellations, one for "extended Internet support", an address for written matters, which, however, had to be sent to the headquarters in Ireland in English, and one Fax number, which only concerns complaints about flights used. An e-mail address was not given on the Ryanair website, although Chapter II, Article 5, Paragraph 1c) of the EC Directive on electronic commerce makes this mandatory. However, a contact form for inquiries is available on the company's website. Recently there is an email address and a chat. You can also ask questions on Twitter.

Consumer protection

Ryanair already had problems with the headquarters for combating unfair competition because of the designation of airports. These are often named after large cities, which are mostly far away from the respective city. For example, Düsseldorf (Weeze) , Frankfurt-Hahn , Stockholm-Skavsta and Paris-Beauvais airports are more than 50 km from the city they are named after. In court, however, Ryanair was mostly right. In the meantime, some airports have officially given themselves the name that was previously used by Ryanair. In other cases, the airline itself has chosen a different name. For example, the Leipzig-Altenburg Airport was only called "Altenburg" by Ryanair until operations were discontinued. The Memmingen Airport is only provided in parentheses with the note "Munich-West".

There were also problems with the restrictive terms and conditions in recent years. In March 2004 the Cologne Regional Court ruled that the previous clause "All amounts paid (including taxes and fees) are non-refundable" is invalid in the event of cancellation , so Ryanair must at least reimburse taxes and fees. Because in this case Ryanair does not even incur these costs. The competition headquarters had sued . Due to this lawsuit, the terms and conditions were changed. However, Ryanair now charges (as of October 2010) an "administration fee for the reimbursement of government taxes" of EUR 20 . If the amount to be refunded is less (which is often the case) than the administration fee, there will be no refund. Please note that not all fees are refundable. For the so-called Passenger Service Charge, “Non Refundable” is already noted when booking the flight. This reduces the reimbursable fees in some cases by over 50%.

Canceled, canceled, significantly delayed flights and flights for which Ryanair changed the departure time by more than three hours by changing the flight schedule after booking can be rebooked for another flight free of charge by the passenger upon receipt of a notification or on the website. They can also choose to receive a refund of the flight price and fees or a voucher within seven days, which can also be redeemed on the Ryanair website.

Ryanair received a fine of around three million euros for failing to help around 180 passengers (for example with drinks) during the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 and the subsequent flight cancellations, especially at Rome Ciampino Airport . Now the airline is offering compensation.

A lawsuit by the Federal Association of Consumer Organizations for charging fees for all card payments with the exception of the not widely used Visa Electron card was upheld on April 30, 2009 before the 23rd Civil Senate of the Berlin Court of Appeal . The inserted by Ryanair against that judgment revision was the Federal Court : rejected (AZ Xa ZR 68/09). Irrespective of these court rulings, Ryanair continues to adhere to the practice of charging fees for all payment options with the exception of the Mastercard prepaid card, which is not widely used in Europe, and the payment method "Sofortüberweisung". You can now pay for your flight with PayPal .

Airport subsidies

Ryanair primarily flies to smaller regional airports , with the company negotiating larger fee discounts. At some airports, Ryanair should not pay any fees, but instead take on marketing measures for the airports. As experience shows, Ryanair often explicitly relies on long-term subsidies for its routes by regional authorities.

Following a complaint by competitors, Ryanair was therefore obliged in September 2003 to repay the subsidies illegally received from Strasbourg airport in Alsace . As a result, the company turned its back on the French airport and has been flying from Karlsruhe / Baden-Baden airport, which is around 40 km to the north, since October 2003 .

On February 3, 2004, the European Commission decided that around 75 percent of the subsidies the company had received from the Brussels-Charleroi State Airport were illegal and had to be repaid by Ryanair. In the subsequent court proceedings, the European Court of Justice ruled that the EU Commission had proceeded incorrectly in its assessment. The EU Commission decided again in October 2014 and now found that part of the aid for Charleroi was permissible, but that a portion of six million euros had to be repaid. In addition, Belgium was subject to competition law requirements for the market-oriented design of landing fees. It is still unclear whether and what consequences this decision will have for Ryanair and the other airports concerned.

The district court in Kiel ruled on August 8, 2006 that any support that Ryanair might have received from Lübeck Airport was not lawful. Lübeck Airport was asked by the regional court to disclose the contracts with Ryanair. The airport has appealed against this decision. The Schleswig Higher Regional Court found Lübeck Airport to be right. Air Berlin brought an appeal against this decision before the Federal Court of Justice.

A lawsuit by Deutsche Lufthansa AG for unlawful aid to Frankfurt-Hahn Airport was initially dismissed in the first and second instance by the Rhineland-Palatinate courts, but the appeal before the BGH was granted in 2011 and in 2013 the European Court of Justice also gave the Higher Regional Court jurisdiction over the Enforcement of the European Commission's state aid decisions confirmed. On October 1, 2014, the EU Commission then decided in seven cases on the admissibility of state aid to airports or airlines: in the case of Frankfurt-Hahn, however, the aid was not objected to and was declared fully permissible.

Workers rights

Pushback of a Boeing 737-800 at Bergamo Airport , which Ryanair usually tries to save for cost reasons

Furthermore, the trade union side often criticizes the way employees are treated. There are neither trade union organizations nor in-house staff representation . There is therefore no collective bargaining agreement for employees. A large number of the pilots and flight attendants are provided by temporary employment agencies (approx. 50%). Mention should be made of the “Ryan be fair” campaign on the Internet, which was initiated by the British transport workers' union to establish employee representation. The ver.di union and former stewardesses who were employed as temporary workers at Ryanair criticize the fact that the numerous temporary workers are actually only paid for the flight time, have to clean cabins including toilets at the destination airport without separate payment, and only receive 20 days of paid vacation a year , would not receive continued wages in the event of illness, would have to be on standby several times a month unpaid at their home airport and, according to the employment contract, would have to expect dismissal in the event of a strike.

In internal circulars, Ryanair threatened its employees with job loss if they contacted employee representatives.

In October 2014, Ryanair in Aix-en-Provence was sentenced in the second instance to damages of a good eight million euros and a fine because the court classified it as undeclared work that the social security contributions of the 127 employees at Marseille Airport were not in France, but a great deal cheaper in Ireland.

Local pilot agencies are negotiating with the company about the salaries of Ryanair pilots. In November 2017, the pilots started an initiative with the help of the union Vereinigung Cockpit (VC) to get the airline to negotiate wages. For this purpose, a tariff commission with a professional negotiator has now been established, reports VC. The German flight attendants' union UFO is also pushing for a collective agreement for cabin workers stationed in Germany. Ryanair boss Michael O'Leary refused to negotiate; in the past he had referred to the VC as the “Lufthansa Union”. After the pilots threatened strikes at Christmas 2017, Ryanair announced in mid-December that they wanted to negotiate with the unions. During strikes in September 2018, Ryanair threatened staff with job cuts if the strikes continued. After 250 flights were canceled on September 28, the airline announced on October 1, 2018 that it would close the Bremen base with 90 employees and the one in Eindhoven by November 5, 2018 , and increase the number of aircraft stationed in Niederrhein from five to three to reduce.

Lack of equality

According to a publication of the Equality and Human Rights Commission , the authority for equality, in 2017 the proportion of men in the group of top earners was 97 percent, the pay gap between women and men 72 percent. In none of the UK companies with more than 250 employees whose figures were published due to a legal obligation was the inequality of opportunity greater. The jobs of female employees are mostly poorly paid.

Fuel policy

After three Ryanair planes, which had been diverted from Madrid to Valencia , had to make an emergency landing on July 26, 2012 due to a lack of fuel, Ryanair was criticized by the German Cockpit Association for putting pilots under pressure not to fill up with too much fuel. Ryanair rejected the criticism, saying it was within the legal framework. Ryanair was just one of several airlines that had to make an emergency landing that day due to lack of fuel. The airport operator AENA announced that the claim that only Ryanair flights were affected was false. On December 19, 2011, however, the second chief pilot complained in an in-house circular about some Ryanair pilots. These insist on starting with three tons of additional fuel, which is completely unacceptable.

Tolerance of racist behavior

An incident in October 2018 in which a passenger his 77-year-old Jamaican seatmate Delsie Gayle as "ugly black bastard" called and otherwise massively racially insulted, caused a Shitstorm . Instead of removing the perpetrator from the aircraft in accordance with the company's official regulations, the crew arranged for the woman to have to take another seat. Ryanair did not take any action against the perpetrator on its own; the video-documented incident was only reported to the police under public pressure. The victim has not yet been apologized or compensated. Change.org is trying to enforce this with an online petition with around 310,000 signatories to date with the apparently little interested company.

Greenhouse gas emissions

In 2018, Ryanair became the first airline to be included in the top ten companies with the highest greenhouse gas emissions in the EU . Ryanair reported 9.9 megatons of CO 2 , only coal-fired power plants in Poland, Germany and Bulgaria had more. Ryanair's emissions had increased by 49% in five years.

Trivia

The coat of arms of Ireland
  • On February 25, 2010, a Ryanair passenger won € 10,000 with a scratch card on a flight from Krakow to the East Midlands . When he found out that he could not get the winnings paid out immediately, he ate the ticket. The airline's website was later asked for suggestions as to which aid organization should receive the profit.
  • Michael O'Leary , the head of Ryanair, is best known for his controversial statements. He explained that a pilot in the cockpit is sufficient and a stewardess can also take over the steering in an emergency. He also suggested collecting toilet fees and introducing standing room on the plane. In a conversation with the Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung in May 2014, O'Leary described the latter proposals as “not meant seriously” PR gags with the aim of “attracting attention” at low cost.
  • The Ryanair logo is reminiscent of the coat of arms of the Republic of Ireland , the company's home country, which depicts a harp on a blue background.

Incidents

In its history up to October 2018, Ryanair recorded an incident with the total loss of an aircraft:

See also

literature

  • Siobhan Creaton: Ryanair: How a Small Irish Airline Conquered Europe . Aurum, London 2005, ISBN 1-84513-083-9 .
  • BI Hengi: Airlines Worldwide , 9th updated edition from 2018, Nara, ISBN 978-3-925671-69-2 , p. 265

Web links

Commons : Ryanair  - collection of images
Wikivoyage: Ryanair  Travel Guide
 Wikinews: Ryanair  - on the news

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ryanair: 2019 annual report. (PDF) Retrieved July 2, 2020 .
  2. ↑ https://www.wiwo.de/unternehmen/handel/ryanair-ueberholt-lufthansa-ist-wieder-groesste-airline-europas/20832506.html
  3. ↑ Handelsblatt - Ryanair overtaken - Lufthansa is again Europe's largest airline, January 10, 2018 accessed on January 16, 2018
  4. ↑ a b ryanair.com - About Us , accessed February 3, 2013
  5. ^ IATA - World Air Transport Statistics ( Memento of January 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 23, 2015
  6. ↑ austrianaviation.net - Ryanair reduces Aer Lingus share, August 28, 2013
  7. ^ Ryanair to establish new standalone charter unit. In: ch-aviation. ch-aviation , March 31, 2017, accessed on March 31, 2017 (English).
  8. ↑ Ryanair Sun becomes Buzz: Ryanair relies on a bee in Poland. In: aeroTELEGRAPH. March 14, 2019, accessed on December 19, 2019 (Swiss Standard German).
  9. ↑ Participation of 75 percent targeted: Ryanair wants to take over LaudaMotion . In: FLIGHT REVIEW . ( Flugrevue.de [accessed on May 7, 2018]).
  10. ↑ AUA and Laudamotion stop flight operations, only return flights. In: aero.de. March 24, 2020, accessed March 26, 2020 .
  11. ↑ Ryanair June Traffic Falls 97% To 0.4m Guests. July 2, 2020, accessed on July 2, 2020 (eng).
  12. ↑ Profit. At everyone's expense? - The merciless price war of the low-cost airlines , June 14, 2017, ARD 45 min documentary
  13. ↑ cs: Passenger numbers: Ryanair is growing faster than Easyjet. In: Airliners.de. August 4, 2017. Retrieved August 6, 2017 .
  14. ↑ BBC - Cardiff to Dublin flight is ended (English)
  15. ↑ RTE - 150 jobs to go as Ryanair cuts Shannon flights, October 10, 2009 (English)
  16. ↑ Focus - Luftverkehr: Ryanair: No turning away from the low-cost model, September 25, 2010
  17. ↑ softweb.at - Ryanair
  18. ↑ Michael Machatschke: Please buckle up! In: Manager magazine . No. 5 , 2014, p. 36-43 .
  19. ^ Ryanair Fee Schedule , accessed December 13, 2011.
  20. ↑ Stern - The suitcase costs more than the seat, December 12, 2011, accessed on December 12, 2011
  21. ↑ Low-cost airlines: Ten airlines in the test. Stiftung Warentest , February 26, 2009, accessed on December 14, 2012 .
  22. ↑ a b Stiftung Warentest: Test results at a glance. Stiftung Warentest , February 26, 2009, accessed on December 14, 2012 .
  23. ↑ Rheinische Post - Ryanair tickets cost an average of 33 euros, February 7, 2017, accessed on February 8, 2017
  24. ↑ aero.de - Ryanair cuts fees for baggage and boarding passes, October 25, 2013
  25. ↑ Check24 : Ryanair: Hand luggage from November subject to a charge , August 24, 2018, accessed on October 3, 2018.
  26. ↑ corporate.ryanair.com - Fact and Figures (English), accessed on May 15, 2017
  27. ↑ Cheap flights to Berlin (TXL) from € 8.19. In: Ryanair.com. Retrieved October 31, 2018 .
  28. ↑ [1] accessed on September 25, 2017
  29. ↑ [2] accessed on September 25, 2017
  30. ↑ [3] accessed on September 25, 2017
  31. ↑ Ryanair opens base in Toulouse. In: aerotelegraph.com. February 21, 2019, accessed February 22, 2019 .
  32. ^ Ryanair Fleet Details and History. In: planespotters.net. May 21, 2020, accessed on May 21, 2020 .
  33. ↑ ryanair.com - Fleet , accessed March 21, 2017.
  34. ↑ New MAX version with up to 200 passenger seats : Ryanair major order for 100 Boeing 737 MAX 200. In: Flugrevue.de. September 8, 2014, accessed May 15, 2017 .
  35. ^ Boeing: Orders & Deliveries. In: boeing.com. April 30, 2020, accessed on May 21, 2020 .
  36. ↑ Boeing - Boeing, Ryanair Finalize Order for 100 737 MAX 200s, December 1, 2014 (English), accessed May 15, 2017
  37. ↑ https://www.aerotelegraph.com/ryanair-rechnet-mit-100-airbus-a320
  38. ↑ Ryanair receives last conventional Boeing 737. Accessed December 17, 2018 .
  39. ↑ https://www.planespotters.net/production-list/search?fleet=Ryanair&manufacturer=ATR&type=ATR-42&fleetStatus=historic
  40. ^ Ryanair Holdings Group Fleet Details and History. In: planespotters.net. May 21, 2020, accessed on May 21, 2020 .
  41. ↑ ryanair.com - Travel Questions - Contact - Contact to the booking center
  42. ↑ a b ryanair.com - travel questions - contact - contact customer service
  43. ↑ Directive 2000/31 / EC (PDF) on electronic commerce
  44. ↑ ryanair.com - contact
  45. ↑ twitter.com - Ryanair
  46. ↑ a b ryanair.com - Ryanair fees
  47. ↑ Hamburger Abendblatt - million dollar fine for Ryanair, May 2010
  48. ↑ gerichtsentscheidungen.berlin-brandenburg.de - General terms and conditions of an air transport company: (In) effectiveness of a cash payment exclusion and the collection of credit and payment card fees clauses, April 30, 2009
  49. ↑ Federal Supreme Court - Ryanair may exclude cash payments, but no additional fees for card payments, May 20, 2010
  50. ↑ n-tv - ECJ approves Ryanair, December 17, 2008
  51. ↑ a b European Commission - Aid for Hahn and Saarbrücken airports approved - but not for Zweibrücken, October 1, 2014
  52. ↑ finanznachrichten.de - ROUNDUP: The dispute over state aid for Ryanair will probably go to the BGH, February 16, 2009
  53. ^ Rhein-Main-Presse - Legal dispute over fees for low-cost airlines Ryanair am Hahn, September 4, 2014
  54. ↑ publik.verdi.de - Exploitation above the clouds, March 2008
  55. ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung - Ryanair: Those who rebel are thrown out, May 19, 2010
  56. ↑ Der Spiegel - Undeclared work in France: Ryanair has to pay eight million euros in damages, October 28, 2014
  57. ↑ tagesschau.de: Ryanair pilots rehearse the uprising. Retrieved November 18, 2017 .
  58. ↑ Ryanair cancels 150 flights. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . September 11, 2018, accessed October 3, 2018 .
  59. ↑ Ryanair pulls all planes from Bremen. In: Weser courier . October 1, 2018, accessed October 3, 2018 .
  60. ↑ a b Cathrin Kahlweit, Andrea Rexer: Honesty hurts. In: sueddeutsche.de . April 5, 2018, accessed April 6, 2018 .
  61. ↑ wage injustice: Ryanair men earn 67 percent more than women. In: Spiegel Online . April 3, 2018, accessed June 3, 2018 .
  62. ↑ Tobias Appelt: NDR documentary shows the danger of competitive prices with low-cost airlines . ( derwesten.de [accessed on May 10, 2017]).
  63. ↑ Ryanair pilots fly with too little fuel. In: The time . August 16, 2012, accessed January 15, 2014 .
  64. ^ Thunderstorms in Madrid on Jul 26th 2012, landings, diversions, fuel emergencies and Ryanair. The Aviation Herald, August 22, 2012, accessed September 22, 2017 .
  65. ↑ Martin Dahms: Ryanair saves fuel for their machines. In: stuttgarter-zeitung.de. Stuttgarter Zeitung , August 16, 2012, accessed on January 16, 2014 .
  66. ^ Infranken.de: Ugly black bastard ": Racist attack at Ryanair causes outrage.
  67. ↑ & compensate Delsie Gayle for failing to respond to racist abuse on your flight
  68. ↑ Arthur Neslen: 'Ryanair is the new coal': airline enters EU's top 10 emitters list . In: The Guardian . April 1, 2019, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed April 4, 2019]).
  69. ↑ The Aviation Herald - Ryanair serves most expensive ever inflight meal (English)
  70. ↑ Wirtschaftswoche - low-cost airlines: Ryanair boss defends his savings excesses, October 14, 2010
  71. ↑ Ryanair boss: We fly to America for 10 euros. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . May 17, 2014, accessed May 19, 2014 .
  72. ↑ Ryanair accident statistics , Aviation Safety Network , accessed on October 30, 2018.
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