List of highways in Greece
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This is a list of all Greek motorways .
definition
The Greek Road Traffic Code (Κώδικας Οδικής Κυκλοφορίας - KOK) defines motorways as follows:
“ Motorway: Road of special planning and construction for the traffic of motor vehicles and motorcycles, which does not serve the adjacent properties and
- a) one directional lane for each direction of travel, which are separated from each other by a median or by other means,
- b) does not have a level crossing with another street, another path, a railway or tram route,
- c) is designated as a motorway by the Ministry for the Environment, Regional Planning and Public Works and has special signs for motorways. "
designation
The Greek name for motorway is Aυτoκινητόδρoμoς (Aftokinitodromos; literal translation: car road). Three variants are used as identifiers for motorways:
- Name - e.g. B. Εγνατία Οδός ( Egnatia Odos ) for Highway 2 or Αυτοκινητόδρομος Μωρέας (Aftokinitodromos Moreas) for Highway 7
- Highway and number - e.g. B. Αυτοκινητόδρομος 2 (Aftokinitodromos 2) for motorway 2, Αυτοκινητόδρομος 7 (Aftokinitodromos 7) for motorway 7
- Abbreviation - e.g. B. A2 for motorway 2 (Aftokinitodromos 2, Egnatia Odos) or A7 for motorway 7 (Aftokinitodromos 7, Aftokinitodromos Moreas)
The prefix “GR” in front of the motorway number (e.g. GR-A2) is not an official abbreviation. It is used (also here) to distinguish it from other motorways (e.g. the German A2).
history
Until the late 1950s there were only national roads in Greece . In the course of the ever increasing volume of traffic both in the country itself and through the transit of people and goods, roads with the characteristic features of a motorway have also been classified as such. A strict definition and designation of motorways in Greece did not take place until the beginning of the 21st century with the construction of the Attiki Odos (A6) in Athens and the surrounding area and the construction of the Egnatia Odos (A2) in northern Greece.
The construction of motorways at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century was largely co-financed by the European Union as infrastructure measures within the framework of the trans-European transport networks. To what extent the severe Greek financial and debt crisis is hindering or modifying the construction program is unclear. Projects such as the A14 from Lamia via Karpenisi to Agrinio / Angelokastro are no closer to realization due to the high construction costs due to the heavily mountainous topography (Pindos and Agrafa mountains).
A Greek motorway is best recognizable from the signs. While all Greek road signs used white letters (English names) and yellow letters (Greek names) on a blue background until the "Motorways were introduced", motorways show white letters (English names) and yellow letters (Greek names) on a green background.
Signage
The signage of motorways was laid down in a technical set of rules of the Central Secretariat for Public Buildings of the Ministry for the Environment, Regional Planning and Public Buildings in 2003. The signage specified in this set of rules corresponds very closely to the signage on German autobahns. Accordingly, the font used in the signage is font DIN 1451 in Latin and Greek letters. It replaced the Transport UK font, which was used until the end of the 20th century. Greek motorways are signposted with the color green, this serves to distinguish them from the color blue used on highways.
Due to the completion of sections of the motorway before the legal or administrative regulation of the signage, signs with a different font (e.g. Arial or Helvetica ) are also available on Greek motorways .
Numbering and classification
The numbering is based on the numbering of the Greek national roads. It was made binding in 2009 by the Ministry for the Environment, Regional Planning and Public Buildings. The classification of the routes or routes into horizontal (east-west) and vertical (north-south) courses is decisive for the numbering. The courses are to be understood as approximate, as motorways running from southwest to northeast (example: A7 in the Peloponnese) are assigned to one of these two categories.
- Odd-numbered highways run north to south (or vice versa).
- Even numbered highways run from west to east (or vice versa).
- Motorways with a long route (main traffic axes) are numbered with one digit (A1 to A9)
- Motorways with a medium route are numbered with two digits (A10 to A99)
- Motorways with a short route are numbered with three digits (A100 to A999)
- The two- and three-digit numbered motorways are numbered based on their relation to the single-digit or double-digit numbered motorways and based on their location in metropolitan areas.
For the example of Egnatia Odos (A2) in Northern Greece (large east-west connection), these rules result in
- All intersections and feeder highways to Egnatia Odos (A2) are numbered A20 to A29
- The motorway Ieropigi (Albanian border) - Kastoria - Siatista (A2) is given the number A29
- The Ptolemaida - Kozani (A2) motorway will be given the number A27
- The Promachonas (Bulgarian border) - Serres - Langadas (A2) motorway is given the number A25
- The Thessaloniki (A2) - Nea Moudania - Kassandra motorway will also be given the number A25 (continuation of the Promachonas - Serres - Langadas motorway)
- The planned motorway (today's national road 14) Kavala (A2) - Nea Zichni - Serres (A25) will be given the number A22
- The planned motorway (today's national road 53) Komotini (A2) - Nymfea (Bulgarian border) is given the number A23
- The planned motorway (today's national road 51) Ardanio (A2) - Soufli - Didymoticho - Orestiada - Ormenio (Bulgarian border) is given the number A21
- The planned motorway slip road from the A2 to Alexandroupolis will be given the number A20
On smaller sections of the route, two motorways can use the same motorway route: The A1 shares a route with the A2 in the Klidi - Axios section in northern Greece. For the A25, a joint route with the A2 is also planned in the area of the Langadas interchange - Efkarpia / Titan interchange.
There is a deviation from the systematics shown for the island of Crete: the main traffic axis (today's national road 90) should not have a single-digit number after its expansion into a motorway, but a two-digit number (A90). The number A9 would be available if the Patras Bypass was interpreted as a continuation of the A5 as the numbering was established in January 2008.
With the codification of the motorway numbering in January 2008, ambiguities have also been eliminated. In maps, for example, the motorway-like route from Thessaloniki via Nea Moudania to Kassandra was given with the number A67 based on the analogous national road 67. This route has been designated as the A25 since January 2008. A similar example concerns the motorway-like route between the Velestino (A1) motorway junction and the city of Volos: The route designated as A12 was designated as A6 or A30 (based on national road 30, which runs southwards) based on the analogous national road 6. The number A6 has been assigned for the Attiki Odos motorway in Athens. As of January 2008, the number A30 is not assigned to any existing or planned route.
The numbering plates correspond to the German motorway number plates: instead of the background color blue, green is used. In addition, the design of the numbering plates is currently inconsistent. For example, while motorway 8 is signposted with a number without A on the bypass of Patras , motorway 2 is signposted with a number and an A preceding it. The technical regulations that came into force in 2003 require an A in front of the motorway number.
The following three-digit motorway numbers have been specified for the urban conurbations:
- Athens and Piraeus (Attica) - A61 to A69, A610 to A699
- Heraklion (Crete) - A991 to A999
- Patras (Peloponnese) - A581 to A589
- Lamia (Central Greece) - A131 to A139
- Larisa (Central Greece) - A141 to A149
- Thessaloniki (Central Macedonia) - A121 to A129
- Ioannina (Epirus) - A521 to A529
According to the currently published status, there are no plans to designate a motorway on the two large islands of Corfu (Kerkyra) and Rhodes.
List of highways
Planned highways
| No. | European roads | From (north or west) |
To (south or east) |
Via | length |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Velestino /
|
Volos | approx. 40 km | ||
|
Thiva /
|
Elefsina /
|
|||
|
Angelokastro /
|
Lamia /
|
Agrinio - Dytika Frangista - Karpenisi - Lianokladi | approx. 200 km | |
|
Alexandroupoli Center |
Alexandroupoli North /
|
approx. 5 km | ||
|
 BG / Ormenio
|
Ardanio /
|
Kastanies - Orestiada - Didymoticho - Soufli | approx. 120 km | |
|
Serres /
|
Kavala /
|
Nea Zichni | ||
| A63 |
Ilioupoli /
|
Paiania /
|
Outer ring Athens | ||
|
Pyrgos /
|
Nestani /
|
Archea Olymbia - Langadia - Vytina | approx. 150 km | |
|
Heraklion /
|
Agii Deka /
|
Siva - Agia Varvara | ||
|
|
Pachia Ammos /
|
Agii Deka /
|
Agios Georgios - Ierapetra | ||
| A122 |
Kalochori /
|
Thessaloniki port | Northern approach to Thessaloniki |
swell
- Hellenic Road Traffic Code KOK (Κώδικας Οδικής Κυκλοφορίας) in the current version (2nd edition) from 2009. Available on the website of the Greek Ministry of Transport and Transport. (Last accessed September 28, 2010 11:38 CEST; in Greek)
- Codification and numbering of the Greek motorway network (Κωδικοποίηση και Αρίθμηση Ελληνικού Διευρωπαϊκού Οδικού Δικτύου) from January 8th, 2009. Available from the General Secretariat of the Ministry of the Environment, Regional Planning and Public Buildings (on Greek Public Works Map). Last accessed: September 28, 2010 12:31 PM CEST.
Web links
- Homepage of the construction and operating company of Autobahn 2
- Homepage of the construction and operating company of the Autobahn 5, section Peloponnese (obsolete name A9)
- Website about the Greek highways and infrastructure
Individual evidence
- ↑ Greek Road Traffic Code KOK (Κώδικας Οδικής Κυκλοφορίας) in the current version (2nd edition) from 2009. Page 14. Available on the website of the Greek Ministry of Transport and Transport. (Last accessed September 28, 2010 11:38 CEST; in Greek)
- ↑ Technical regulations for the planning, construction and signage of motorways in Greece (Οδηγίες Μελετών Οδικών Εργων - Κατακόρυφη Σήµανση Αυτοκινητοδρόµων (ΟΜΟΕ - ΚΣΑ)). Retrieved September 28, 2010 (Greek).
- ↑ Codification and numbering of the Greek motorway network (Κωδικοποίηση και Αρίθμηση Ελληνικού Διευρωπαϊκού Οδικού Δικτύου) from January 8th, 2009. Available from the General Secretariat of the Ministry of the Environment, Regional Planning and Archives, ZIP-Archive on the Greek Ministry of the Environment, Archives and Map. Last accessed: September 28, 2010 12:31 PM CEST.