Orel (Czech Republic)

Orel
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Pardubický kraj
District :	Chrudim
Area :	644 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 55 '  N , 15 ° 50'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '10 "  N , 15 ° 50' 21"  E
Height:	275  m nm
Residents :	778 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	537 01 - 538 21
License plate :	E.
traffic
Street:	Slatiňany - Chrast
Railway connection:	Havlíčkův Brod – Pardubice
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	2
administration
Mayor :	Vladimír Příhoda (as of 2018)
Address:	Orel 38 538 21 Slatiňany
Municipality number:	571962
Website :	www.obecorel.cz

Church of St. George in Tři Bubny

Homestead No. 41 in Orel

Orel (German Worel ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers southeast of Chrudim and belongs to the Okres Chrudim .

geography

Orel is on the Hrochotýnecká tabule ( Hrochow-Teinitzer Tafel ). State road II / 358 between Slatiňany and Chrast runs through the village . The Havlíčkův Brod – Pardubice railway runs on the southern outskirts .

Neighboring towns are Topol and Tři Bubny in the north, Nabočany , Libanice and Trojovice in the north-east, Řestoky and Zaječice in the east, U Kapličky, Bítovany and Na Bišovce in the south-east, Lukavice and Kunčí in the south, Mlýn ve Skalách and Škrovád in the west, Slýn ve Skalách and Škrovád in the south-west as well as Presy, Vlčí Hora and Vlčnov in the northwest.

history

Orel was settled later than in the surrounding plateau, the village was laid out on the marshy terrain of a former lake. The only early find is a Slavic gem from the 11th century.

The first documentary mention of the village with a fortress and farm yard was in 1360 as the seat of the knight Nicholas of Orel ( Mikuláš z Orle ). The single standing church of St. George can be traced back to 1349; Since it was always connected with the Orel estate and fortress, it can be assumed that the Knights of Orel had their seat here at that time. In the second half of the 15th century, the Vladiken von Sány acquired the estate, using the title Orelský ze Sán ; in 1479 Michálek ze Sán was mentioned as the owner. From 1525 the Orel estate belonged to Alesch Janowsky von Sautitz ( Aleš Janovský ze Soutic ), who was twice elected captain of the Chrudim district. Johann Kekule von Stradonitz, who married the sister of Johann Janowsky von Sautitz in 1574, bought Gut Orel in 1575 for 9500 shock. Johann Kekule, who became Chrudimer district chief in 1581, expanded his property in 1585 by purchasing the Nassaberg estate . In 1581 the village of Orel consisted of 28 farms, the fortress and the farm and had around 150 inhabitants. After the death of Johann Kekule, Heinrich Kunata Dobrženský von Dobrženitz († 1619), who also became Chrudimer district chief, acquired the Orel estate. Wenzel Christoph Dobrženský († 1683) on Orel was Chrudimer district chief from 1680 to 1683. After his death, the Dobrženský von Dobrženitz family sold the estate to Rudolf Wenzel von Schönfeld , who combined it with his Nassaberg estate. In 1701 Joseph Franz von Schönfeld inherited the property. In 1753, the rulership of Nassaberg fell to Johann Adam von Auersperg as the universal heir of the Counts of Schönfeld, who died out with Joseph Franz von Schönfeld († 1737). From the 17th to the 19th century, peat was cut in the swamps and moors known as Orliny . The school was built in 1829 at the expense of the community.

In 1835, the in consisted Chrudim District village located Worel of 57 houses in which 486 people, including five Protestant and a Jewish family lived. In the village there was a school, a farm, a sheep farm, a pheasantry and a forester's house. The parish was Chrudim . Worel remained subject to Nassaberg rule until the middle of the 19th century .

After the abolition of patrimonial Vorel formed from 1849 with the district Tři Bubny t. Svatý Jiří a municipality in the judicial district of Chrudim . From 1868 the municipality belonged to the political district of Chrudim . In 1869 Vorel had 539 inhabitants. In 1900 800 people lived in the village, in 1910 there were 920. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , Gut Vorel was parceled out as part of the land reform. The municipality has been called Orel since 1924 . The name of the district Tři Bubny t. Svatý Jiří was changed to Tři Bubny in early 1981 . Since 1999 the community has had a coat of arms and a banner; the crossed crossbow hooks are from the coat of arms of the Orelský ze Sán, the double-headed eagle is the coat of arms of the Janovský ze Soutic.

Community structure

The municipality Orel consists of the districts Orel ( Worel ) and Tři Bubny ( three drums ). The basic settlement unit is Orel.

Attractions

• Church of St. Georg in Tři Bubny, the church building, which has been documented since 1349, got its present appearance in the 19th century when František Schmoranz rebuilt it.
• Field fortifications from 1778 near Tři Bubny
• House number 41 in Orel, cultural monument
• Memorial stone for those who fell in both world wars in Orel

literature

• Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 514

Web links

• Story of Orel

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/571962/Orel
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, p. 273
4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/571962/Obec-Orel
5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj/11208/Orel