12 e regiment de cuirassiers

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Régiment Dauphin-Cavalerie
12 e régiment de cuirassiers

Insigne régimentaire du 12e Régiment de Cuirassiers.jpg

Internal association badge
active 1688 until active
Country Armoiries république française.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service cavalry
Type Panzer Regiment
Strength 940
Insinuation 2 e brigade blindée
(2nd Armored Brigade)
Location Olivet
Patron saint Saint-Maurice d'Agaune
motto "In periculo ludunt" (The danger is my pleasure)
commander
commander Last:
Standard of the Dauphin-Cavalerie regiment

The Régiment Dauphin-Cavalerie (now 12 e régiment de cuirassiers - 12th Cuirassier Regiment) was originally a cavalry association and is now an armored regiment of the French army . It was built at the time of the Ancien Régime by order of March 24, 1688 - during the War of the Palatinate Succession - and was assigned the regimental root number "19 e régiment de cavalerie".

As a cuirassier regiment it belonged to the heavy cavalry .

It distinguished itself during the wars of the French kings, the Revolutionary Wars and during the Premier Empire in the Battle of Austerlitz , the Battle of Jena and Auerstedt, and the Battle of Borodino ; also during the First and Second World Wars .

After the end of the Second World War , it was stationed as an occupying force in Tübingen in the Thiepval barracks in 1946 . In 1968 it moved to Müllheim (Baden) and then returned to France in 1991. Olivet became garrison . In 1994 the regiment was merged with the 6th Cuirassier Regiment and formed the "6 e -12 e régiment de cuirassiers". In 2009 the escadrons of the former 6th Cuirassier Regiment were released and the status of the 12th Cuirassier Regiment restored. The main armament consists of 60 Leclerc battle tanks .

In 2015 it belonged to the “2 e brigade blindée” (2nd armored brigade) as “12 e régiment de cuirassiers” . Until the re-establishment of the 5 e régiment de cuirassiers in 2017, it was the last regiment of the French army to have the designation "cuirassiers" in its name.

Simplified, current standard of the regiment with the honorable mentions

The barracks are the “Quartier Valmy”.

Career

Mestre de camp des regiment was always the Dauphin as heir to the throne of France, who did not exercise command himself, but left it to a mestre de camp en second (or Mestre de camp lieutenant).

Noel de la Baume le blanc, Marquis la Vallière , who had already been in command of the Chevaux-legèrs company of the Dauphin , was the first de facto commander as Mestre de camp en second of the regiment and commissioned with its formation . The formation took place as Régiment Dauphin Cavalerie in La Basse-Vaivre . The association consisted of nine companies, one of which was the orderly or body company of the Dauphin. After the signing of the peace treaty with Spain on May 2, 1668, the regiment was set to peacetime and on May 14, 1668 only consisted of one company. On April 15, 1669, Colonel la Vallière was replaced. and replaced by Charles de Lusignan marquis de Saint-Gelais .

  • 1761: Incorporation of the abdicated Régiment Dauphin-Étranger cavalerie
  • 1791: Renamed to 12 e régiment de cavalerie
  • 1803: Renaming to 12 e régiment de cuirassiers (at this time it was reinforced by one escadron from the 20 e régiment de cavalerie and two escadrons from the 22 e régiment de cavalerie )
  • 1815: In Niort dissolved
  • 1854: Reorganized as the Regiment de cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale of the Second Empire
  • 1855: Renamed to 1 er régiment de cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale (1st cuirassier regiment of the imperial guard ) with the support of the establishment of a second guard cuirassier regiment
  • 1865: Merged with the 2 e régiment de cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale (2nd cuirassier regiment of the Imperial Guard) to form the Régiment de cuirassiers de la Garde Impériale (cuirassier regiment of the Imperial Guard)
  • 1871: again 12 e régiment de cuirassiers
  • August 1914: The 12 e régiment de cuirassiers was part of the "6 e brigade de cavalerie" (6th cavalry brigade) in the "7 e division de cavalerie" (7th cavalry division).
  • June 1914: Renaming to 12 e régiment de cuirassiers à pied (12th cuirassier regiment on foot - conversion into an infantry regiment with surrender of horses) and subordination to the 2 e division de cavalerie à pied (2nd cavalry division on foot)
  • 1928: dissolution
  • January 1940: formation as 12 e régiment de découverte (reconnaissance regiment)
  • 1942: dissolution
  • 1943: re-erection

Uniforms of the Ancien Régime

  • 1757

  • 1762

  • 1767

  • 1776-1779

  • 1779-1791

Mestres de camp / Colonels / Chefs de brigade

Mestre de camp was the rank designation for the regimental owner and / or the actual commander. Should the Mestre de camp be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (e.g. the king or queen), the command was given to the Mestre de camp lieutenant (or Mestre de camp en second). The name Colonel was used from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, from 1793 to 1803 the name Chef de brigade was used . From 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

  • March 24, 1668: Mestre de camp en second de La Baume le Blanc, marquis de la Valliere,
  • April 15, 1669: Mestre de camp en second Charles de Lusignan, marquis de Saint-Gelais,
  • September 4, 1688: Mestre de camp en second Philippe de Valois de Villette, marquis de Murçay,
  • May 24, 1693: Mestre de camp en second de Wassinghac, marquis d'Imécourt,
  • January 29, 1702: Mestre de camp en second de Vandeuil, marquis de Clérambaut,
  • 1710: Mestre de camp en second César-Emmanuel Colin, marquis de Lessart,
  • 1712: Mestre de camp en second en second François, duc d'Harcourt ;
  • 1716: Mestre de camp en second Bénigne le Rageois, marquis de Bretonvilliers,
  • April 15, 1738: Mestre de camp en second marquis de Voluire,
  • March 3, 1747: Mestre de camp en second Charles-Louis-René, marquis de Marbeuf,
  • July 11, 1753: Mestre de camp en second Gabriel-Marie de Talleyrand, comte de Périgord,
  • March 1, 1763: Mestre de camp en second Louis Hurault, marquis de Vibraye,
  • April 18, 1776: Mestre de camp en second Hippolyte-Jean-René, marquis de Toulongeon ,
  • November 11, 1782: Mestre de camp en second Félicité-Jean-Louis, comte de Durfort,
  • January 1, 1784: Mestre de camp en second Alexis-Bruno-Étienne, vidame de Vassé,
  • July 25, 1791: Colonel Charles-Michel Cordier de Montreuil de Launay de Vallerie,
  • May 16, 1792: Colonel François Durand Tauzia de la Litterie,
  • January 26, 1793: Colonel Vrigny,
  • November 4, 1793: Chef de brigade Jean-Baptiste Colart,
  • July 5, 1795: Chef de brigade Jean Verreaux,
  • May 1, 1796: Chef de brigade then Colonel Jacques Renard Belfort,
  • December 27, 1805: Colonel Joseph Dornés,
  • August 3, 1809: Colonel de Curnieu,
  • March 29, 1813: Colonel Michel-Jean-Paul Daudiés;
  • April 22, 1815: Colonel Charles-Nicolas Thurot,
  • .....
  • January 1, 1940 - June 10, 1940: Colonel Roger Alexandre Louis Leyer

Battle calendar

Dutch War

With six companies the regiment came to its first use in the Dutch War .

Reunion War

War of the Palatinate Succession

War of the Spanish Succession

After the withdrawal from Italy, the regiment was assigned to the Rhine Army ( Armée du Rhin ) and made forays into Swabia and Franconia .

Quadruple Alliance War

War of the Polish Succession

First Silesian War

Second Silesian War

Author Louis-Ferdinand Céline, maréchal des logis in the 12 e régiment de cuirassiers

Third Silesian War

After the peace agreement, the regiment was reorganized according to the last order of April 6, 1763. It initially received a garrison in Sedan .

Revolutionary Wars (in the Rhine Army)

Then first garrison in Belfort , Metz , Mainz, Worms and Zweibrücken

First empire

Lieutenant Charles Legrand of the 12th Cuirassier Regiment around 1808 (oil painting by Antoine-Jean Gros )

With the restitution of the kingdom dissolved, the members of the regiment were incorporated into the newly established "2 e régiment de cuirassiers royal".

Second empire

Cuirassier of the Second Empire around 1870

Franco-German War

During the Franco-Prussian War , the regiment and the guard belonged to the French Army of the Rhine . It was only used in a few smaller skirmishes, then fought in the Battle of Sedan and then had to surrender.

First World War

Garrison at that time was Rambouillet . After the war began, the horses were given up and the unit was converted into a cavalry rifle regiment (12 e régiment de cuirassiers a pied). The regiment fought on the Marne near Poelkapelle and Bixschoote , near Ypres , in Champagne and on the Ailette . At times the regiment was one of the defenders of the Fort de la Pompelle near Reims .

In April 1918 the croix de guerre was attached to the banner of the standard and on January 20, 1919 it was given the fourragère to go with it in Mainz .

In September 1918 the regiment brought 1166 prisoners, 19 of them officers. This earned him a special mention in the army order (Ordre n ° 13.560) of September 27, 1918.

On August 19, 1919, the remaining staff of the dissolved 2 e régiment de cuirassiers was incorporated.

Second World War

Automitrailleuse (Spähpanzer) "Panhard P178"
  • January 1940: "Régiment de découverte" (Reconnaissance Regiment) of the "3 e division légère mécanique" (3rd Light Mechanized Division) equipped with reconnaissance tanks ( Automitrailleuses "Panhard P178" and motorcycles of the Gnôme et Rhône type ). Participation in the defensive battles in the Battle of Hannut (Belgium).
  • Late 1940: cadre in orange as part of the armistice army
  • 1942: Dissolution of the armistice army
  • 1943: Re-erection as a tank regiment in North Africa from the "12e régiment de chasseurs d'Afrique" (12th African Jäger regiment) and assigned to the "2 e division blindée" (2nd armored division)

In the spring of 1945 the regiment was assigned to General Larminat's army and fought the remaining nests of German resistance on the Atlantic coast.

Main battle tank Leclerc

Equipment and units 2015

  • 60 Char Leclerc - main battle tank.
  • 54 Véhicules blindés légers ( VBL ) - light armored vehicles .
  • 04 VBL MILAN - VBL with MILAN .
  • 06 Véhicules de l'avant blindés ( VAB ) T20 - 13th Armored Transport
  • 39 Véhicules légers tout terrain (VLTT) P4 .
  • 5 escadrons
3 battle scadrons with Leclerc tanks
1 reconnaissance scadron
1 staff and supply cadron
1 reserve veescadron

Awards of the regiment

  • Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches

  • Croix de guerre 1939–1940 with three palm branches and a silver star

  • Fourragère for the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with the olive for the Croix de guerre 1939–1945

  • Gold Medal of the City of Milan

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dauphin was the official name of the French heir to the throne - so it was his cavalry body regiment
  2. ↑ He received this position on the intervention of his sister, Louise de La Vallière , who was a mistress of the king
  3. ↑ probably the personal company
  4. ↑ At the instigation of Madame de Montespan , the successor of Louise de La Vallière as mistress of the king
  5. ↑ to December 1, 1761 Mestre de camp lieutenant in the Régiment Dauphin-Étranger cavalerie
  6. ↑ The Reserve Cavalry Corps of the Grande Armée allocated
  7. ↑ until 1808 assigned to the 4th Reserve Cavalry Corps
  8. ↑ until 1810 assigned to the 2nd and 3rd Reserve Cavalry Corps
  9. ↑ 1811 and 1812 assigned to the reconnaissance corps on the Elbe
  10. ↑ "Atlas-Liberation-France" p 51
  11. ↑ If by the protégé Petit Véhicule replaced
  12. ↑ As of 2015

literature

  • C. Bertrand "Historique du 12e Régiment de Cuirassiers" Paris n.d.
  • Louis Susane "HISTOIRE DE LA CAVALERIE FRANÇAISE - RÉGIMENT DU DAUPHIN" J. Hetzel et Cie - Paris 1874
  • René Louis Gustave de Place "12e Régiment de Cuirassiers 1668 - 1888" Paris 1889
  • Edmond Ruby de Labeau "Historique du 12e Régiment de Cuirassiers 1668 - 1942" Moullot fils Paris 1944

Web links