Uherský Ostroh
| Uherský Ostroh | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Zlínský kraj | ||||
| District : | Uherské Hradiště | ||||
| Area : | 2652 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 59 ' N , 17 ° 23' E | ||||
| Height: | 178 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 4,267 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 687 24 | ||||
| License plate : | Z | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Břeclav - Přerov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Brno – Vlárský průsmyk | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 3 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Ing.Vlastimil Petřík (as of 2020) | ||||
| Address: | Zámecká 24 687 24 Uherský Ostroh |
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| Municipality number: | 592749 | ||||
| Website : | www.uhostroh.cz | ||||
Uherský Ostroh (until 1846 Ostroh ; German Hungarian Ostra or Hungarian Ostrau ) is a town in the Okres Uherské Hradiště in the Czech Republic. It belongs to the Zlín region and is ten kilometers south of Uherské Hradiště ( Hungarian Hradiště ) on the national road 55, which runs from Břeclav to Přerov .
geography
Uherský Ostroh is located in Moravian Slovakia in the Upper Moravian Valley ( Hornomoravský úval ) the March , which flows west of the city towards the south. Neighboring towns are Uherské Hradiště in the north, Kunovice and Ostrožská Nová Ves in the northeast, Ostrožská Lhota and Hluk in the east, Blatnice pod Svatým Antonínkem in the southeast, Veselí nad Moravou in the south and Moravský Písek in the west. To the south are the White Carpathians .
history
Ostroh was created on an island around which the March flowed. Presumably under Ottokar II. Přemysl a royal castle was built to secure the border with Hungary. It was first mentioned in 1286 as "Stenice Castle" and then referred to as "Ostroh" ( spur ) or "Ostrov" ( island ). During the reign of the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg , the castle was pledged, but remained royal property until the beginning of the 16th century.
The town of Ostroh that grew up around the castle was first mentioned in 1371 as belonging to the castle rule. In 1405 the Moravian margraves Jost and Prokop Ostroh pledged to the brothers Beneš and Hašek von Waldstein . According to a feudal certificate issued by King Wenceslaus , Ostroh owned Hašek von Waldstein alone in 1411 . He fought as a general in 1420 on the side of King Sigismund at the Battle of Vyšehrad and was captured by the Hussites . Presumably because the Hussites threatened to take away his possessions, he went over to the side of the moderate Prague Hussites, who appointed him their commander in January 1422. They designated Ostroh Castle, which they called "The New Tabor", as their military center in south-east Moravia. From here they attacked the Velehrad monastery on January 12, 1421 and burned it down. In the same year, the Olomouc bishop Johann von Bucca tried to recapture Ostroh with Austrian armies without success. After further unsuccessful attempts by the imperial family, Duke Albrecht did not succeed in conquering the city until 1424 . In the same year he handed Ostroh to the Hungarian magnate Stibor ( Stibor ze Stibořic ), from whom it came to the former Hussite captain Friedrich von Ostrorog . Although Hašek von Waldstein again joined King Sigismund's side after the defeat of the Hussites in the Battle of Maleschau and was appointed Moravian governor , he never got Ostroh back.
During the reign of Friedrich von Ostrorog, the subjects were charged with excessive taxes and compulsory labor, which is why they turned to King Sigismund with a complaint. In 1435, Sigismund confirmed the previous city privileges and freed the subjects from the unjustified demands of Friedrich von Ostrorog. In the second half of the 15th century, Ostroh came to Johann Giskra ( Jan Jiskra z Brandysa ) as pledge , who left it to Jan von Cimburg ( Jan z Cimburka ). This exchanged castle and rule Ostroh with the Lords of Landstein . As a result of the Bohemian-Hungarian War of Succession to the throne, Ostroh came to allies of the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus in 1468 . Its captain Jan Zelený von Šanov succeeded Peter Haugwitz von Biskupitz as the owner of Ostroh . He sold Ostroh in 1490 to the Olomouc administrator Johann Filipec , who was one of Matthias Corvinus' advisors and diplomats. Filipec prescribed Ostroh to his nephew Jan von Kunowitz ( Jan z Kunovice ) in the same year . He sold Ostroh in 1497 to Mikuláš Hrdý z Klokočné and bought it back after his death in 1509. From 1511 Ostroh no longer belonged to the royal estates, making it hereditary to the von Kunowitz family.
Dietrich von Kunowitz († 1582) converted the remains of the castle into a Renaissance palace. In the 16th century, the Bohemian brothers settled in Ostroh. Because of his participation in the Bohemian uprising of 1618, the possessions of Jan Bernhard von Kunowitz were confiscated by the emperor after the battle of the White Mountain . At that time, the Ostroh dominion consisted of the Ostroh castle and town with suburbs, the towns of Kunowitz , Hluk , Nivnice and Hornová Lhota , the Hluk and Kunowitz castles, the fortress in Louka and the villages of Kvačice, Chylice , Nová Ves , Derfle, Vésky , Míkovice, Blatnice , Blatnička , Ostrožská Lhota , Louka , Milokošť, Kuželov , Malá Vrbka , Tasov , Kozojídky , Žeravinky , Horní Němčí , Dolní Němčí , Boršice and Strání .
In 1625, Emperor Ferdinand II gave the entire Ostroh rule to his deserved supporter Gundaker von Liechtenstein , whose descendants owned the property until 1945. Gundakar von Liechtenstein achieved that the dominions of Kromau and Ostroh were raised to the Principality of Liechtenstein in 1633 with residence in the city of Liechtenstein (Kromau). The terms Principality of Liechtenstein and City of Liechtenstein did not last long and became out of use again from 1647; After the acquisition of the County of Vaduz and the rule of Schellenberg , the old title was reactivated and in 1719 it was raised to the status of the Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein .
In the Thirty Years War Ostroh was conquered by the Swedes under General Lennart Torstensson in 1645 . In the second half of the 17th century, the area suffered harassment from forays by Hungarians and Turks . Ostroh suffered further damage in 1757 during the occupation by the Prussians in the Seven Years' War and in 1762 by a large city fire. Since the Liechtensteiners did not reside in Ostroh, the economic importance declined and the castle gradually fell into disrepair. A Jewish community has been recorded since the 16th century, which later built a school and a synagogue , which was destroyed in 1944.
In 1838 Ostroh consisted of 177 houses with 1,185 inhabitants. It was not until 1846 that Ostroh was given the name "Hungarian Ostroh" ( Uherský Ostroh ). In 1850 the city became the seat of a district court. With the railway connection in 1888 an economic boom followed. In 1894 Karl Latzmann founded a pencil factory whose stationery products were delivered to Russia and Romania. At the beginning of the 20th century, factories were established to manufacture furniture. In 1938 the city acquired the castle. In 1990 the city center was placed under monument protection.
Districts
- Uherský Ostroh ( Hungarian Ostra )
- Kvačice ( Kwatschitz )
- Ostrožské Předměstí ( Ostra suburb )
Attractions
- The parish church of St. Andrew from 1634 was redesigned in baroque style in the middle of the 18th century.
- Ostroh Castle was built by the von Kunowitz family from 1560 to 1570 and was damaged by fire in 1605. After 1625 it served as the administrative seat of the Liechtenstein lords. It has been a listed building since 1990. It currently serves as the municipal and cultural center of the city.
Personalities
- Franz Krones Ritter von Marchland (1835–1902), university professor and historian
- Rudolfine Fleischner (1873–1923), educator and politician
- František Vaněk (* 1931), ice hockey player and coach
literature
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , pp. 638-639.
- Marianne Mehling (Ed.): Knaur's cultural guide in color Czech Republic, Slovak Republic. Droemer Knaur, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-426-26609-1 , pp. 329-330.
Web links
- History (czech)